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YasminHurd_2020P-_大麻二酚能否帮助阿片类药物使用者克服成瘾性？_-
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| Over the past 20 years more than 800,000 people have died in the United States due do drug overdose . |
在过去的二十年里, 美国有超过八十万人 死于药物服用过量。 |
| Yes, more than all the lives lost in all the wars this country has fought in. |
是的,这个数字比 美国在参加过的所有战争中 牺牲的人数还要高, |
| The majority of these cases are due to opioid drugs. |
其中大多数死因是 阿片类药物使用过量。 |
| Sadly, while we're having this very conversation, at least one person will die from a drug overdose, and a child will be born experiencing severe withdrawals due to in utero opioid exposure . |
令人难过的是, 在我们交谈的此时此刻, 至少就有一个人 会死于药物使用过量。 会有一个孩子在出生后 因为暴露于子宫内的阿片类物质 而出现严重的戒断症状。 |
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United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) overdose:n.(一次用药)过量;v.一次用药过量; majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人: opioid:n.[生化]阿片样物质;类鸦片; severe:adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的;苛刻的; withdrawals:n.[金融]提款,[法]撤回(withdrawal的复数形式);退股; utero:子宫; exposure:n.暴露;显露;揭露;面临;
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| Only recently have some pharmaceutical companies been held legally responsible for the opioid crisis . |
直到最近,才有一些制药公司 被判对阿片类药物危机 负有法律责任。 |
| And compared to their multibillion-dollar revenues , the economic penalties they're paying seem minuscule . |
但相比于几十亿美元的收入, 他们所支付的经济罚款 似乎显得微不足道。 |
| So let me as a question: why does addiction and the stigma of addiction make it OK to undervalue human lives? |
那么,让我来问一个问题: 为什么药物成瘾和成瘾的耻辱 使人类的生命如此不堪一击？ |
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recently:adv.最近;新近; pharmaceutical:adj.制药(学)的;n.药物; responsible:adj.负责的,可靠的;有责任的; crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的; compared:adj.比较的,对照的; v.相比; (compare的过去式和过去分词) multibillion-dollar:adj.数万亿美元的; revenues:n.[会计]收入;税收;[会计]收益;营业收入(revenue的复数形式); economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; penalties:n.处罚,惩罚;点球(penalty的复数);罚款; minuscule:n.小写字;草写小字;adj.极小的;用草写小字写的; addiction:n.瘾;嗜好;入迷; stigma:n.[植]柱头;耻辱;污名;烙印;特征; undervalue:vt.低估...之价值;看轻;
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| Ironically , I'm often asked the opposite question. |
讽刺的是, 经常有人问我相反的问题。 |
| Why should we care about " addicts ?" |
为什么我们要在乎“瘾君子”？ |
| Sometimes I'm even shouted at by people who think that anyone who suffers from a substance use disorder brought it on themselves. |
有时候甚至有人会冲我怒吼, 他们觉得那些 饱受药物滥用之苦的人 都是自找的。 |
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Ironically:adv.讽刺地;说反话地; addicts:有瘾的人;对...入迷的人(addict的复数); substance:n.物质;实质;主旨;物品; disorder:n.混乱;骚乱;vt.使失调;扰乱;
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| They must be weak, they lack any moral compass and therefore don't deserve any help. |
他们肯定意志薄弱, 缺乏道德判断, 所以他们不配得到任何帮助。 |
| But if you know anything about opioid addiction, you know that this population does not fit that stereotype -- not that any addiction every really does. |
但是如果你对阿片类药物成瘾 有哪怕一点点了解, 你就知道这种刻板印象 是错误的—— 因为并不是 每个成瘾的人都是这样。 |
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moral:n.寓意;品行;教益;adj.道德的;道义上的;道德上的;品行端正的; compass:n.罗盘;指南针;圆规;范围;界限;v.理解;领悟;将…包围;成功办到 deserve:vi.应受,应得; stereotype:vt.使用铅版;套用老套,使一成不变;n.陈腔滥调,老套;铅版;
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| These are mothers, fathers and grandmothers. |
他们中有母亲、父亲、奶奶, |
| They're teachers, business leaders, cheerleaders , athletes , nurses and bus drivers. |
有老师、商界领袖、 啦啦队员、运动员, 护士和公车司机。 |
| They're your brother or sister. |
他们是你的兄弟姐妹。 |
| They represent every fiber in the fabric of our society. |
他们代表着我们社会结构中的 每一根纤维。 |
| Yes, each person came to addiction in a different way, but a major cause of the current epidemic is that medical overprescription of opioid drugs for the treatment of chronic pain. |
是的,每个人会以不同的方式上瘾, 但是导致当前药物滥用的主要原因, 在于治疗慢性疼痛的 阿片类药物的处方。 |
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cheerleaders:n.拉拉队(电影名);啦啦队; athletes:n.运动员;身强体健的人(athlete的复数形式); represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送; fiber:n.纤维;光纤(等于fibre); fabric:n.织物;布料;(社会,机构等的)结构; epidemic:n.流行病;蔓延;adj.传染病;流行性的; treatment:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论; chronic:adj.慢性的;长期的;习惯性的;
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| And that is one thing that makes this epidemic different. |
这是使这种流行病 与众不同的原因在于, |
| This particular epidemic was caused by doctors' prescriptions . |
它是由医生的处方引起的。 |
| The cycle started when pharmaceutical companies convinced physicians that their patients should not feel any pain. |
这个循环从制药公司开始, 他们说服医生, 病人不应该感受到任何疼痛。 |
| Opioid makers claimed that their very potent drugs would not lead to addiction unless individuals were certain kinds of people from certain kinds of communities . |
阿片类药物制造商声称, 他们强有效的药物 并不会导致成瘾, 除非是来自特定社区的 特定类型的人群。 |
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prescriptions:n.医药处方,[医]药方(prescription复数形式); convinced:adj.坚信; v.使确信; (convince的过去分词和过去式) physicians:n.[内科]内科医生(physician的复数); patients:n.接受治疗者,病人;(patient的复数) claimed:v.宣称;声称;断言;索取;认领;索要(claim的过去分词和过去式) potent:adj.有效的;强有力的,有权势的;有说服力的; individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数); communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数)
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| Such disinformation , compounded with clinicians ' limited education and public ignorance about addiction, is what created the epidemic. |
这种虚假信息, 结合临床医生对其有限的了解 和公众对成瘾的无知, 是造成这场药物滥用危机的原因。 |
| So that's how we got here. |
这也是为什么 我们走到了今天这一步。 |
| Now the question is: how do you treat a national opioid epidemic? |
现在的问题是: 如何解决全国性的 阿片类药物滥用问题？ |
| During an epidemic, normally governments, clinicians and scientists are brought together to help the afflicted . |
对于一般的流行病, 政府、医生、科学家 会聚集在一起 来帮助患者。 |
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disinformation:n.故意的假情报;虚假信息; compounded:adj.[生物]复合的,化合的;v.混合;组成(compound的过去式和过去分词); clinicians:临床医生(clinician的名词复数); limited:adj.有限的; n.高级快车; v.限制; (limit的过去分词和过去式) ignorance:n.无知,愚昧;不知,不懂; normally:adv.正常地;通常地,一般地; afflicted:v.折磨;使痛苦;(afflict的过去式和过去分词)
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| They develop new and even unconventional treatment strategies to rapidly address the condition. |
他们开发新的,甚至是 非常规的治疗策略 来迅速处理这种情况。 |
| That has not been the case for the opioid epidemic. |
但是对于阿片类药物, 情况则截然不同。 |
| However, the picture is changing. |
好在,情况正在改变。 |
| We're beginning to see more aggressive government actions. |
我们开始看到了更积极的政府行动。 |
| For example, the NIH recently started a new initiative called HEAL . |
例如,NIH（国家卫生研究所） 最近启动了一项新的计划,HEAL。[03:20] |
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unconventional:adj.非常规的;非传统的;不依惯例的; strategies:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略;(strategy的复数) aggressive:adj.侵略性的;好斗的;有进取心的;有闯劲的; initiative:n.倡议;主动性;积极性;主动权;adj.起始的; HEAL:v.复原;治疗(病人);使又愉快起来;(使)结束
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| HEAL stands for Helping End Addiction Long-term , and it's designed to accelerate research for pain management and addiction through funding new treatment strategies. |
全称是 Helping End Addiction Long-term （协助结束长期成瘾）, 它旨在通过资助新的治疗策略 来加速疼痛治疗和成瘾的研究。 |
| The current treatment strategy for opioid addiction is the use of other opioids such as methadone . |
当下对阿片类药物成瘾的治疗手段 是使用其它的阿片类药物, 比如美沙酮,作为替代品。 |
| These few medications have been used during the past 50 years. |
在过去的五十年中, 我们一直在使用这类药物, |
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Long-term:adj.长期的;从长远来看; accelerate:v.加快;加速;n.接受速成教育的学生; management:n.管理;管理人员;管理部门;操纵;经营手段; funding:n.基金;资金;提供资金;v.为…提供资金;拨款给;(fund的现在分词) strategy:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略; opioids:n.阿片类药物;类阿片;鸦片类药剂(opioid的复数形式); methadone:n.美沙酮;美散痛; medications:n.药;药物;(medication的复数)
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| They're considered substitution therapy -- basically fighting fire with fire. |
将其当作替代疗法—— 基本上是以毒攻毒。 |
| They have saved numerous lives, yet they're not used by many who still need them. |
它们已经拯救了无数生命, 但还是有很多需要的人用不上。 |
| Why? |
为什么？ |
| These medications are themselves addictive , and therefore come with many governmental regulations . |
因为这些药物本事也带有成瘾性, 所以一直受到很多政府法规的约束。 |
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substitution:n.代替;[数]置换;代替物; therapy:n.治疗,疗法; basically:adv.主要地,基本上; numerous:adj.许多的,很多的; addictive:adj.使人上瘾的;使人入迷的; governmental:adj.政府的;政治的;统治上的; regulations:n.章程;规则;法规;管理,控制;(regulation的复数)
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| Hundreds of thousands of people must be strictly monitored each day. |
有数十万人的用药 每天都受到严格的监控。 |
| They must find an opioid clinic -- often far from home -- take their meds and then try to make it into work. |
他们必须去通常离家很远的 一家阿片类药物诊所, 服用药物,然后尝试使其发挥作用。 |
| Obviously, that is not the most effective treatment strategy for an epidemic. |
很显然,这不是最有效的治疗策略。 |
| And it raises obvious questions as well. |
而且它也带来了显而易见的问题。 |
| For example: why is the treatment of addiction disorders different from other medical disorders? |
比如:为什么成瘾症的治疗 不同于其它医学疾病？ |
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meds:n.药物: effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象; obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的; disorders:n.无秩序,混乱; v.[电子]扰乱(disorder的单三形式);
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| With most other medical disorders, a nonaddictive, prescribed medication is picked up at the pharmacy . |
对于大多数医学疾病, 需要在药房购买非成瘾的处方药。 |
| Why do physicians treating their patients with a substance use disorder have limited treatment options ? |
为什么医生在治疗 物质使用障碍的病人时 仅有有限的治疗方案？ |
| No one ever says that two to three treatments are enough for cancer , especially when it's not a cure. |
没有人说过, 对于癌症,两三种治疗方案就够了, 特别是针对绝症。 |
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prescribed:v.给…开(药); (prescribe的过去式和过去分词) pharmacy:n.药房;配药学,药剂学;制药业;一批备用药品; treating:v.以…态度对待;把…看作;处理;讨论;(treat的现在分词) options:n.选择; v.得到或获准进行选择; (option的三单形式) treatments:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论;(treatment的复数) cancer:n.癌症;恶性肿瘤; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
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| And that brings us to that 200 billion-dollar problem. |
这就给我们带来了 一个价值两千亿的问题。 |
| Fighting fire with fire is a reasonable strategy, but what about using a different form of fire -- a safer form of fire? |
以毒攻毒是一种合理的策略, 但是为什么不用一种不同的毒—— 一种更安全的“毒”？ |
| What about actually developing a nonaddictive treatment derived from another drug? |
或者利用其它药物 开发出一种不会成瘾的治疗方法？ |
| That has been my journey towards trying to develop a treatment for opioid addiction, and it's taken me in some really surprising directions. |
这就是我尝试开发 阿片类药物成瘾 治疗疗法的旅程, 而且它已经带我引入了 一些非常令人惊讶的方向。 |
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reasonable:adj.合理的,公道的;通情达理的; derived:adj.导出的;衍生的,派生的;v.得到;推断(derive的过去分词);由…而来; journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行;
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| My journey started with studying cannabis , the drug most people call marijuana . |
我的旅程开始于研究大麻, 也就是大多数人 都知道的一种毒品。 |
| In order to understand how cannabis may connect to combating the opioid epidemic, first it helps to understand a little bit about the science behind the drug and the politics . |
为了理解大麻如何 与抗击阿片类药物联系起来, 首先要对药物背后的科学和政策 有一些了解。 |
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cannabis:n.印度大麻(等于hemp);大麻烟原料;大麻雌花顶部; marijuana:n.大麻;大麻毒品; combating:战斗;与…斗争;反对(combat的现在分词); politics:n.政治;钩心斗角;政治观点;v.(贬)从事政治活动;(politic的第三人称单数)
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| Cannabis is a complex plant. |
大麻是一种复杂的植物, |
| It's actually made up of over 140 cannabinoids. |
它实际上由 140 多种大麻素组成。 |
| Cannabinoids are active chemicals from the plant that binds to cannabinoid receptors in our bodies. |
大麻素是植物中的活性化学物质, 可与人体中的大麻素受体结合。 |
| The potent psychoactive cannabinoid that leads to the reward -- the high -- is THC, which we scientists call tetrahydrocannabinol . |
导致精神快感的强效大麻素 就是 THC, 科学家称它为四氢大麻酚。 |
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complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; made up of:由…组成,由…构成; chemicals:n.化学制品;化学品;(chemical的复数) binds:v.约束;捆绑;系;装订;n.窘境;(binds是bind的第三人称单数) receptors:n.[生化]受体;接受器;神经末梢(receptor的复数); psychoactive:adj.影响心理状态的;作用于精神的; reward:n.[劳经]报酬;报答;酬谢;v.[劳经]奖励;奖赏; tetrahydrocannabinol:n.四氢大麻酚,四氢大麻醇;
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| Pretty simple, right? |
很简单,对吧？ |
| But the politics is a lot more complicated . |
但是政策方面就要复杂得多了。 |
| Attitudes towards cannabis and the amount of THC that's considered safe to consume have dramatically changed over the years. |
人们对于大麻和 可安全食用的 THC 的剂量的态度 在这些年发生了巨大的变化。 |
| In fact, this country's had a roller-coaster relationship with the drug. |
实际上,国家这类药物的关系 也是扑朔迷离。 |
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complicated:adj.复杂的;难懂的;v.使复杂化;(complicate的过去分词和过去式) Attitudes:n.态度,看法(attitude复数); consume:v.消耗;吃;毁灭;烧毁; dramatically:adv.戏剧地;引人注目地;adv.显著地,剧烈地; roller-coaster:过山车;
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| Cannabis is either highly demonized or glorified . |
大麻要么或被高度妖魔化, 要么就被高度美化。 |
| On the demonized side, cannabis was deemed a Schedule I drug by the DEA -- the Drug Enforcement Agency -- meaning that cannabis is considered to be a drug of the highest abuse potential and to have no medicinal value. |
在妖魔化方面, 大麻被 DEA（禁毒署）定为 一类管制毒品, 意思是,大麻被认为是 滥用可能性最高, 且没有任何医疗价值的药物。 |
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highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; demonized:vt.妖魔化;使…成为魔鬼; glorified:adj.吹捧的;美化的;v.吹捧;美化;颂扬;(glorify的过去式和过去分词) deemed:v.认为;视为;相信;(deem的过去分词和过去式) Schedule:工作计划,日程安排 Enforcement:n.执行,实施;强制; Agency:n.代理,中介;代理处,经销处; abuse:n.滥用;虐待;辱骂;弊端;恶习,陋习;v.滥用;虐待;辱骂; potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的; medicinal:adj.药的;药用的;治疗的(等于medicinable);有益的;
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| Moreover , the Schedule I label led to the mass , biased arrest for the use of cannabis, particularly among young Black and brown men. |
此外,一类毒品的标签导致了 大量的有偏见的逮捕事件, 尤其是针对一些年轻的黑人 和棕色人种的逮捕。 |
| However, things are changing. |
然而,情况正在改变。 |
| The pendulum is shifting in the opposite direction. |
钟摆在向相反的方向摆动。 |
| Today, cannabis is legal for medical or recreational use in most states. |
如今,大麻在大多数州的 医疗或娱乐领域都可以合法使用。 |
| And a bill is even being considered in Congress to remove cannabis from the list of schedule drugs. |
国会甚至正在考虑一项法案, 将大麻从毒品清单中删除。[07:07] |
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Moreover:adv.而且;此外; label:n.标签;标记;谓;唱片公司;v.贴标签于;用标签标明; mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集; biased:adj.有偏见的;结果偏倚的,有偏的; particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; pendulum:n.钟摆;摇锤;摇摆不定的事态; shifting:adj.不断移动的;流动的;v.转移;赶快;快速移动;变换;(shift的现在分词) legal:adj.法律的;合法的;法定的; recreational:adj.娱乐的,消遣的;休养的; Congress:n.国会;代表大会;会议;社交;
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| We've also seen a great increase in cannabis research. |
我们也见到了了越来越多 关于大麻的研究。 |
| Most research studies, including some of my own, focus on THC. |
大多数研究,包括我的一些内容, 都专注于 THC。 |
| In fact, our animal research has shown a negative relationship between THC and opioid addiction. |
实际上,我们的动物研究表明了 THC 和阿片类成瘾之间的 负相关关系。 |
| However, as I mentioned, the cannabis plant has over 100 cannabinoids. |
然而,就像我提过的, 大麻中含有过百种大麻素, |
| So THC was not the only one to study. |
所以不应该只研究 THC。 |
| In examining another cannabinoid, cannabidiol -- that is, CBD -- we were actually surprised to see features relevant to alleviating opioid addiction-related behaviors. |
在研究其它大麻素过程中, 大麻二酚—— 也就是 CBD—— 让我们惊喜地看到了 其与缓解阿片类药物成瘾 相关行为有关的功效。 |
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negative:adj.[数]负的;消极的;否定的;阴性的;n.否定;负数;[摄]底片;v.否定;拒绝; cannabidiol:n.大麻二酚;[有化]大麻二醇; relevant:adj.相关的;切题的;中肯的;有重大关系的;有意义的,目的明确的; alleviating:缓解;
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| So there my journey turned to CBD. |
所以我的研究转向了 CBD。 |
| So what's this CBD that has moved from virtual obscurity only a few years ago to everywhere in society -- in your coffee in the morning, your water at lunch and your beer at dinner? |
那么,这个在几年间从默默无闻 变得无处不在的 CBD 究竟是什么—— 早晨的咖啡, 午餐的水, 和晚餐的啤酒中都有它。 |
| CBD comes from the cannabis plant, but in contrast to THC that has the high, |
CBD 源于大麻植物, 但是与致人兴奋的 THC 不同, |
| CBD has no addictive properties. |
CBD 没有成瘾性。 |
| We're still trying to figure out how CBD fully works, but it is known that CBD alters chemicals in the brain that regulate emotions and anxiety . |
我们仍在努力弄清 CBD 的运作方式, 但是众所周知,CBD 会改变 大脑中调节情绪 和焦虑的化学物质。 |
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virtual:adj.[计]虚拟的;实质上的,事实上的(但未在名义上或正式获承认); obscurity:n.朦胧;阴暗;晦涩;身份低微;不分明; contrast:n.对比;对照;反差;明显的差异;v.对比;对照;形成对比; alters:v.改变,更改,改动:(alter的第三人称单数) regulate:v.调节;控制; emotions:n.强烈的感情;激情;情感;(emotion的复数) anxiety:n.焦虑;渴望;挂念;令人焦虑的事;
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| Interestingly , giving CBD to our animal models that had a history of self-administering heroin , reduced their heroin-seeking behavior. |
有趣的是,给具有自主服用 海洛因历史的动物 服用了 CBD 后, 它们的海洛因寻求行为 明显减弱了。 |
| Specifically , CBD reduced heroin-seeking triggered by environmental cues that were previously associated with the drug. |
具体而言,CBD 是减少了 以前与该药物有关的环境因素 引发的寻求海洛因的行为。 |
| Let me say that again. |
我再说一次: |
| CBD reduced heroin-seeking triggered by drug cues. |
CBD 减少了由毒品 引发的寻求海洛因的行为。 |
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Interestingly:adv.有趣地; heroin:n.[药][毒物]海洛因,吗啡; Specifically:adv.特别地;明确地; triggered:v.发动;引起;触发;开动;起动;(trigger的过去分词和过去式) cues:n.开端,线索;提示,关键;球杆;诱因(cue的复数形式); previously:adv.先前;以前; associated:adj.有关联的; v.联想; (associate的过去分词和过去式)
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| This is significant , because craving is often triggered by the memories of the cues previously associated with drug use. |
这一发现的重要性非同小可, 因为对毒品的渴求通常是由 先前与吸毒相关的记忆触发的。 |
| And craving is a matter of life or death daily for people with an opioid use disorder. |
而这种渴求对于 有物质使用障碍的人 就是每天生死攸关的事情。 |
| Simply put, craving can lead to relapse and death from overdose. |
简单地说, 对毒品的渴求会导致复吸 和用药过量致死。 |
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significant:adj.重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的;n.象征;有意义的事物; craving:n.渴望;热望;v.渴望;恳求;(crave的现在分词); relapse:vi.故态复萌;旧病复发;再度堕落;再陷邪道;n.复发,再发;故态复萌;回复原状;
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| So reducing craving is an important treatment strategy. |
所以,降低毒瘾再犯 是一项重要的治疗策略。 |
| Getting results from animal models like this is actually the first critical step in the FDA process for developing new medications. |
从类似的动物实验对象身上 获得研究结果, 实际上是 FDA （美国食品药品监督管理局） |
| The next step: human studies. |
下一步是: 人体研究。 |
| In our first human study, we demonstrated that CBD is safe, even though individuals taking it had also consumed a potent opioid. |
在我们首次的人体研究中, 我们论证了 CBD 是安全的, 尽管实验的个体 也服用了阿片类药物。 |
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critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的; process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; demonstrated:v.证明;证实;论证;说明;表达;(demonstrate的过去分词和过去式) consumed:adj.沉迷…的; v.消耗,耗费; (consume的过去分词和过去式)
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| Next, to determine efficacy , we conducted clinical trials and made sure that both the study investigators and the study participants were blind to the CBD or the placebo substances . |
接下来,为确定功效, 我们进行了临床试验, 并确保研究调查员 和研究参与者 不知道 CBD 或者 安慰剂物质的存在。 |
| The results from those studies replicated the findings that we had in the animal experiments. |
这些研究的结果与动物实验中的发现一致。 |
| So now we know that CBD can reduce craving triggered by environmental cues in human heroin users. |
所以现在我们知道了, CBD 可以帮助海洛因服用者 减少环境因素导致的对毒品的渴求。 |
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determine:v.决定;确定;测定;查明;形成;影响;裁决;安排; efficacy:n.功效,效力; conducted:v.组织;安排;实施;执行;指挥;带领;引导;(conduct的过去分词和过去式) clinical:adj.临床的;诊所的; investigators:n.研究者,调查者(investigator的复数形式); participants:n.参与者(participant的复数形式); placebo:n.安慰剂;为死者所诵的晚祷词; substances:n.[物]物质;基本内容;物品药物(substance的复数); replicated:重复的; findings:n.调查发现;判决;裁决;(finding的复数)
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| What's more, our results demonstrated that CBD reduced anxiety associated with the drug use. |
更重要的是,我们的结果论证了 CBD 减少了毒品使用相关的焦虑。 |
| This is also significant because anxiety is another critical factor that triggers craving. |
这项发现有着十分重要的意义, 因为焦虑是致瘾的 另一个关键因素。 |
| Importantly, CBD also reduced the levels of the stress hormone cortisol that is often elevated when addicted individuals are exposed to drug use. |
重要的是,当上瘾的人接触毒品时, CBD 还降低了通常会升高的 应激激素皮质醇水平。 |
| Another intriguing finding was the CBD continued to decrease craving and anxiety even a week following its final use. |
另一个有趣的发现是, CBD 甚至会在 最后一次服用之后的一周 持续减低毒品成瘾和焦虑的症状。 |
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factor:n.因素;要素;[物]因数;代理人;v.做代理商;v.把…作为因素计入; triggers:n.[电子]触发器;触发物(trigger的复数);v.引起(trigger的单三形式);引爆; hormone:n.[生理]激素,荷尔蒙; cortisol:n.[生化]皮质醇;考的索;[药]氢化可的松; elevated:adj.提高的;高尚的;欢欣的;v.提高;振奋;提拔;(elevate的过去分词和过去式) addicted:adj.上瘾的;上瘾;成瘾;有瘾;入迷; exposed:adj.无遮蔽的; v.暴露; (expose的过去分词和过去式) intriguing:adj.有趣的;迷人的;v.引起…的兴趣;策划阴谋;私通;(intrigue的现在分词) decrease:v.降低;减少;缩小;减弱;n.减少;减小量;所减少的总量;减缩位置;
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| This aspect of prolonged efficacy is very beneficial for people taking any medication. |
功效延长这一方面 对服用任何药物的人们 都非常有益。 |
| So the evidence is mounting . |
证据变得越来越多。 |
| CBD does show potential to reduce critical features for opioid addiction such as craving and anxiety. |
CBD 确实显示出了能减少 阿片类药物成瘾关键特征的潜力, 像是对毒品的渴求,和焦虑。 |
| But we're still not at the end of the road for medication development. |
但是我们对药物的开发 还没有走到尽头。 |
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aspect:n.方面;层面;外观;方位; prolonged:adj.长期的;持久的;v.延长(prolong的过去分词和过去式); beneficial:adj.有益的,有利的;可享利益的; evidence:n.证据,证明;迹象;明显;v.证明; mounting:n.安装;固定;悬挂;adj.上升的;增长的;v.准备;安排;登上;(mount的现在分词)
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| The gold standard for medicine established by the FDA is large, clinical trials. |
FDA 建立的药物黄金标准 是要进行大型临床试验。 |
| Recently, I was fortunate enough to be given that rare opportunity to conduct a large, clinical trial with CBD in people with an opioid use disorder. |
最近,我很幸运地得到了 一个难得的机会, 可以在阿片类药物使用障碍患者中 进行 CBD 大型临床试验。 |
| And that study is expected to continue for at least another two years. |
这项研究还要继续至少两年。 |
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gold standard:n.金本位制;黄金标准;典范; established:adj.已确立的;著名的;v.建立;创立;设立;(establish的过去分词和过去式) fortunate:adj.幸运的;交好运的;吉利的;
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| CBD is now being investigated for numerous medical conditions. |
针对众多医疗案例下的 CBD 使用的研究正在进行中。 |
| Also, during the past decade, our society has seen an explosion of CBD. |
而且,在过去十年, 我们的社会出现了 CBD 使用的爆炸式增长。 |
| It's being put into drink, food, wellness and skincare products. |
它已经被加入了饮料、食物、 保健和护肤产品中。 |
| They're even giving CBD to pets. |
他们甚至给宠物提供了 CBD。 |
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investigated:v.侦查;调查;研究;(investigate的过去分词和过去式) explosion:n.爆炸;爆发;激增; wellness:n.健康; skincare:adj.护肤的;护肤用的;
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| So is CBD a wonder drug as now touted by many? |
那么,CBD 现在真的成为了 被许多人吹捧的神奇药物？ |
| No. |
并不是。 |
| Does it have potential medicinal benefits? |
它有潜在的医学价值吗？ |
| It does. |
有的。 |
| But the only way to get definitive information about CBD's full safety and efficacy is through large, clinical trials. |
但是想得到关于 CBD 安全性和有效性的 完整且确定信息的唯一方式 是通过大型的临床试验。[12:03] |
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touted:adj.被吹捧的;v.招来顾客(tout过去式); definitive:n.限定词;adj.决定性的;最后的;限定的;
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| So is it possible that we could actually change the game by taking this very familiar plant and developing a nonaddictive, FDA-approved medication for opioid use disorder? |
那么我们是否有可能 利用这种非常熟悉的植物 开发出非成瘾性,且 FDA 批准的 阿片类使用障碍药物, 从而改变游戏规则？ |
| Absolutely . |
绝对可以。 |
| That is why we're working so hard right now to develop a solution based on CBD. |
这也正是我们现在如此努力 开发基于 CBD 的解决方案的原因。 |
| For me, the potential benefits are obvious and also overwhelming . |
对于我, 这些潜在的好处是显而易见的, 也是压倒性的。 |
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familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友; Absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地; hard right:n.极右派; solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答; overwhelming:adj.势不可挡的; v.压倒; (overwhelm的现在分词)
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| It means helping to give families back their mother or father. |
这意味着它可以帮助爸爸妈妈 回归他们的家庭, |
| It means having your child graduate from high school or college. |
帮助孩子成功地从高中或大学毕业。 |
| But most of all, it means helping to save many of the hundreds of thousands of lives that will otherwise be lost to opioids in the next decade. |
但最重要的是, 它意味着可以在未来十年 拯救那些本会因鸦片类药物 而消失的数十万生命。 |
| Thank you. |
谢谢大家。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |