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WillMarshall_2014-_袖珍卫星展示接近实时地追踪地球的变化_
The Earth needs no introduction. 地球不用我介绍。
It needs no introduction in part because the Apollo 17 astronauts, when they were hurtling around the moon in 1972, took this iconic image. 不用介绍,部分是因为阿波罗17号的宇航员 在1972年奔向月球时, 拍下了这张经典照片。
Apollo:n.阿波罗(太阳神);美男子; hurtling:adj.飞奔的,疾驰的;v.急飞,猛烈碰撞,猛掷(hurtle的ing形式); iconic:adj.图标的,形象的;
It galvanized a whole generation of human beings to realize that we're on Spaceship Earth, fragile and finite as it is, and that we need to take care of it. 这张照片震撼了整整一代人, 让大家意识到我们身处的“地球飞船” 是如此脆弱,规模也如此有限, 我们需要保护它。
galvanized:adj.镀锌的,电镀的;v.电镀;刺激(galvanize的过去式和过去分词形式); fragile:adj.脆的;易碎的; finite:adj.有限的;限定的;n.有限之物;
But while this picture is beautiful, it's static , and the Earth is constantly changing. 不过尽管这张照片非常美丽,它是静态的, 而地球每时每刻都在变化。
static:adj.静止的; n.[物]静电(干扰); constantly:adv.不断地;时常地;
It's changing on days' time scales with human activity. 随着人类活动,它的变化以天为单位。
scales:n.规模范围; v.攀登; (scale的第三人称单数和复数)
And the satellite imagery we have of it today is old. 我们的卫星图像却是旧的。
imagery:n.像;意象;比喻;形象化;
Typically , years old. 通常,是好几年前的。
Typically:adv.代表性地;作为特色地;
And that's important because you can't fix what you can't see. 这点很重要,因为不知道的是无法改进的。
What we'd ideally want is images of the whole planet every day. 理想中,我们需要的是地球每天的照片。
ideally:adv.理想地;观念上地; images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数)
So, what's standing in our way? 那么,为什么我们做不到？
What's the problem? 问题出在哪里？
This is the problem: 这就是问题:
Satellites are big, expensive and they're slow. 卫星太大,太贵,太慢。
This one weighs three tons. 这个3吨重。
It's six meters tall, four meters wide. 6米高,4米宽。
It took up the entire fairing of a rocket just to launch it. 要发射它,需要一整枚火箭。
launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射;
One satellite, one rocket. 一颗卫星,一枚火箭。
It cost 855 million dollars. 要花费8.55亿美元。
Satellites like these have done an amazing job at helping us to understand our planet. 这种卫星在我们了解地球的路上 起了极大作用。
But if we want to understand it much more regularly , we need lots of satellites, and this model isn't scalable . 但如果我们想更常态地了解地球, 我们就需要很多卫星。 而这个卫星却不是可分布式的。
regularly:adv.经常地;有规律地;定期的 scalable:adj.可攀登的;可去鳞的;可称量的;
So me and my friends, we started Planet Labs to make satellites ultra-compact and small and highly capable . 于是,我和我的朋友们创立了“行星实验室” 来让卫星袖珍化, 变小,而功能强大。
Labs:n.实验室;实验大楼;(lab的复数) highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; capable:adj.能干的,能胜任的;有才华的;
I'm going to show you what our satellite looks like: 我来给你们看我们的卫星:
This is our satellite. 这就是我们的卫星。
This is not a scale model, this is the real size. 这不是微缩模型, 这就是真实大小。
It's 10 by 10 by 30 centimeters , it weighs four kilograms, and we've stuffed the latest and greatest electronics and sensor systems into this little package so that even though this is really small, 体积10×10×30立方厘米, 重4公斤, 我们还把最新最好的电子仪器 和传感器挤进了这个体积中, 所以尽管这个卫星非常小,
centimeters:n.[计量]厘米(centimeter的复数); stuffed:adj.饱;装满的;v.填满;装满;给…装馅;(stuff的过去分词和过去式) electronics:n.电子学;电子工业; sensor:n.传感器;
this can take pictures 10 times the resolution of the big satellite here, even though it weighs one thousandth of the mass . 它拍照的分辨率比刚才大型卫星还能高10倍, 而重量只有千分之一。
resolution:n.解决;分辨;解析;决议; mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集;
And we call this satellite " Dove " — Thank you. 我们管这个卫星叫“鸽子”——谢谢。
Dove:n.鸽子;鸽派人士;v.潜水(dive的过去式);
(Applause) （鼓掌）
We call this satellite "Dove," 我们管这个卫星叫“鸽子”。
and we call it "Dove" because satellites are typically named after birds, but normally birds of prey : like Eagle, Hawk , Swoop , Kill, I don't know, 它叫“鸽子”,因为一般卫星是用 鸟类来命名,通常是猛禽类, 像老鹰,小鹰,雄鹰,还有什么,
normally:adv.正常地;通常地,一般地; prey:n.猎物;受害者;受骗者;v.折磨;掠夺;捕食(on,upon);损害(on,upon); Hawk:v.兜售,沿街叫卖;捕捉;咳出;n.鹰;鹰派成员;掠夺他人的人; Swoop:v.俯冲;突然袭击;突然行动;n.突然袭击;俯冲;突击搜查;
Kestrel , these sort of things. 红隼,这一类的。
Kestrel:n.(产于欧洲的)茶隼;
But ours have a humanitarian mission , so we wanted to call them Doves . 我们的卫星肩负人道主义任务, 所以我们叫“鸽子”。
humanitarian:adj.人道主义的;博爱的;基督凡人论的;n.人道主义者;基督凡人论者; mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教; Doves:n.白鸽(dove的复数);菜包肉末饭;
And we haven't just built them, though. 我们不仅仅进行了生产,
We've launched them. 我们还进行了发射。
launched:v.发射;发起;开展;开始;(launch的过去式和过去分词)
And not just one, but many. 不只是一个,好多个。
It all started in our garage . 这一切都是从我们的车库中开始的。
garage:n.车库;汽车修理厂;飞机库;v.把…送入车库;把(汽车)开进车库;
Yes, we built our first satellite prototype in our garage. 是的,我们第一个原型卫星就是在车库里制作的。
prototype:n.原型;雏形;最初形态;
Now, this is pretty normal for a Silicon Valley company that we are, but we believe it's the first time for a space company. 这在我们这种硅谷公司中很常见, 但对于航天公司来说,我相信我们是第一个。
Silicon Valley:n.硅谷(美国加利福尼亚州一处计算机和电子公司聚集地,有时用以指任何计算机公司聚集地);
And that's not the only trick we learned from Silicon Valley. 我们从硅谷不仅仅学到了这一点。
We rapidly prototype our satellites. 我们还将卫星快速原型化。
We use " release early, release often" on our software. 我们的软件遵循“早发布,多发布”原则。
release:v.释放;发射;让与;允许发表;n.释放;发布;让与;
And we take a different risk approach . 我们的风险意识也不同。
approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理;
We take them outside and test them. 我们把卫星拿出去试验。
We even put satellites in space just to test the satellites, and we've learned to manufacture our satellites at scale. 我们甚至发射卫星到太空,只是为了试验。 我们还学会了规模化生产。
manufacture:v.(用机器)大量生产; n.大量制造;
We've used modern production techniques so we can build large numbers of them, 我们使用现代生产技术, 大批量进行建造。
techniques:n.技巧;技艺;工艺;技术;(technique的复数)
I think for the first time. 我想这是第一次。
We call it agile aerospace , and that's what's enabled us to put so much capability into this little box. 我们管这个叫灵巧航天, 这也是为什么我们的小盒子能有这么大能力。
aerospace:n.航空宇宙;[航]航空航天空间; enabled:v.使得;授予…权力;(enabled是enable的过去式) capability:n.才能,能力;性能,容量;
Now, what has bonded our team over the years is the idea of democratizing access to satellite information. 还有,这么多年我们团队团结的纽带, 是我们对卫星数据民主化获取的认同。
democratizing:民主化;
In fact, the founders of our company, Chris, Robbie and I, we met over 15 years ago at the United Nations when they were hosting a conference about exactly that question: 我们公司的创始人,Chris,Robbie,还有我, 我们15年前在联合国开会时认识, 当时联合国在开一个会,讨论的就是这个问题:
founders:n.创办人;造物者(founder的复数); United Nations:n.联合国; hosting:v.主办,主持;主持;做东;(host的现在分词) conference:n.会议;研讨会;商讨会;体育协会(或联合会)
How do you use satellites to help humanity ? 怎样用卫星促进人类发展？
humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科;
How do you use satellites to help people in developing countries or with climate change? 怎样用卫星来帮助发展中国家 或应对环境变化？
And this is what has bonded us. 这个问题成了我们之间的纽带。
Our entire team is passionate about using satellites to help humanity. 我们整个团队都想用卫星来帮助人类发展。
passionate:adj.热情的;热烈的,激昂的;易怒的;
You could say we're space geeks , but not only do we care about what's up there, we care about what's down here, too. 你可以说我们是太空极客, 但我们关心的不仅仅是天上, 我们还关心地上的事情。
geeks:n.奇葩(指反常的人,畸形人,野人,现也指智力超群,善于钻研但不懂与人交往的学者或知识分子);
I'm going to show you a video from just four weeks ago of two of our satellites being launched from the International Space Station . 我来给你们放一段视频, 是4个星期前,我们的两颗卫星 从国际太空站上发射的场景。
Space Station:n.太空站;航天站;宇宙空间站;
This is not an animation , this is a video taken by the astronaut looking out of the window. 这不是动画, 这是宇航员从窗口拍摄的。
animation:n.活泼,生气;激励;卡通片绘制;
It gives you a bit of a sense of scale of our two satellites. 从中你能感到我们卫星的大小。
It's like some of the smallest satellites ever are being launched from the biggest satellite ever. 这真是最小的卫星 从最大的卫星上发射。
And right at the end, the solar array glints in the sun. 在视频最后,太阳板反射阳光。
array:n.数组,阵列;排列,列阵;大批,一系列;衣服;v.排列,部署;打扮; glints:n.闪烁;闪光;vi.闪烁;(光线)反射;闪闪发光;vt.使闪光;使发光;
It's really cool. Wait for it. 超级爽。等着,
Boom ! Yeah. It's the money shot. 这儿！是吧。大片啊。
Boom:n.繁荣;吊杆;v.激增;繁荣昌盛;轰鸣;轰响;adj.(美)猛涨起来的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
So we didn't just launch two of them like this, we launched 28 of them. 我们不仅仅是发射了这两个, 我们发射了28个。
It's the largest constellation of Earth-imaging satellites in human history, and it's going to provide a completely radical new data set about our changing planet. 这是人类历史上最大的地球成像卫星群, 它能为我们不断变化的星球 提供全新的数据集。
constellation:n.[天]星座;星群;荟萃;兴奋丛; radical:n.自由基;激进分子;游离基;adj.根本的;彻底的;完全的;全新的;
But that's just the beginning. 而这只是开始。
You see, we're going to launch more than 100 of these satellites like these over the course of the next year. 我们在明年将要发射 超过100个这种卫星。
It's going to be the largest constellation of satellites in human history. 这将是人类历史上最大的卫星群。
And this is what it's going to do: 这些卫星要做的是:
Acting in a single-orbit plane that stays fixed with respect to the sun, the Earth rotates underneath . 以太阳为基准,处在固定的轨道面上, 地球在卫星下面自转。
with respect:怀有敬意; rotates:旋转;轮流; underneath:prep.在…的下面;在…的支配下;n.下面;底部;adj.下面的;底层的;
They're all cameras pointed down, and they slowly scan across as the Earth rotates underneath. 所有的相机都朝下, 当地球自转时,相机就缓慢的扫描。
The Earth rotates every 24 hours, so we scan every point on the planet every 24 hours. 地球24小时自转一圈, 我们24小时也就扫描一遍整个地球,
It's a line scanner for the planet. 就像行扫描仪一样。
scanner:n.[计]扫描仪;扫描器;光电子扫描装置;
We don't take a picture of anywhere on the planet every day, we take a picture of every single place on the planet every day. 我们不是每天拍照一些地方, 我们是每天拍照地球上每一个地方。
Even though we launched these just a couple of weeks ago, we've already got some initial imagery from the satellites and I'm going to show it publicly for the first time right now. 尽管我们发射这些才几个星期, 我们已经从卫星上获得了一些初始图像。 现在我就首次对公众进行展示。
initial:adj.最初的; n.(名字的)首字母; v.用姓名的首字母作标记(或签名)于;
This is the very first picture taken by our satellite. 这是我们卫星的第一张照片。
It happened to be over UC-Davis' campus in California when we turned the camera on. 在我们打开相机时, 卫星正处在加州大学戴维斯分校上空。
campus:n.(大学)校园;大学,大学生活;校园内的草地;
But what's even cooler is when we compare it to the previous latest image of that area, which was taken many months ago. 更爽的是, 我们拿这个照片跟之前的卫星照片作对比, 之前的照片拍摄于几个月前。
compare:v.比较;对比;n.比较; previous:adj.以前的;早先的;过早的;adv.在先;在…以前;
And the image on the left is from our satellite, and we see buildings are being built. 左边的是我们的卫星, 能看到正在建造的建筑物。
The general point is that we will be able to track urban growth as it happens around the whole world in all cities, every day. 这样我们就能实时追踪城市发展, 追踪世界上每一个城市,每一天。
track:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪; urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的;
Water as well. 水资源也可以。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （鼓掌）
We'll be able to see the extent of all water bodies around the whole world every day and help water security. 我们能够每天观测全世界 的所有水域,保障水资源安全。
extent:n.程度;范围;长度;
From water security to food security. 从水资源安全到农作物安全。
We'll see crops as they grow in all the fields in every farmer's field around the planet every day. 我们可以每天看到每一个田里 正在生长的农作物,
and help them to improve crop yield . 来帮助他们增产。
improve:v.改进;改善; yield:n.产量;产出;利润;v.屈服;让步;放弃;提供;
This is a beautiful image that was taken just a few hours ago when the satellite was flying over Argentina . 这张美丽的照片是 几个小时前卫星在阿根廷上空拍摄的。
Argentina:n.阿根廷(位于拉丁美洲);
The general point is there are probably hundreds and thousands of applications of this data, 要点是, 这些数据可能有成百上千的应用方式,
I've mentioned a few, but there's others: deforestation , the ice caps melting . 我才只提了一些,还有其他的: 追踪森林砍伐,追踪冰盖融化。
deforestation:n.采伐森林;森林开伐; melting:adj.感人的;v.(使)熔化,融化;(melt的现在分词)
We can track all of these things, every tree on the planet every day. 我们每天可以追踪所有这些,以至于地球上的每棵树。
If you took the difference between today's image and yesterday's image, you'd see much of the world news — you'd see floods and fires and earthquakes. 如果你来分析今天照片和昨天照片的不同, 你就可以看到很多世界新闻——洪水,火灾,地震。
And we have decided, therefore, that the best thing that we could do with our data is to ensure universal access to it. 因此,我们决定,使用这些数据的最好方式, 是确保所有人都能获取。
ensure:vt.保证,确保;使安全; universal:adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的;
We want to ensure everyone can see it. 我们想确保所有人都能看到。
Thank you. (Applause) 谢谢。（鼓掌）
We want to empower NGOs and companies and scientists and journalists to be able to answer the questions that they have about the planet. 我们想授权NGO,公司,科学家,记者, 让他们能够回答他们关于地球的问题。
empower:vt.授权,允许;使能够; journalists:n.新闻记者(journalist的复数);
We want to enable the developer community to run their apps on our data. 我们想让研发社区能够用app来获取我们的数据。
community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
In short, we want to democratize access to information about our planet. 总之,我们想让我们地球信息的获取民主化。
democratize:vt.使民主化;使大众化;vi.民主化;大众化;
Which brings me back to this. 这就回到了之前所说的。
You see, this will be an entirely new global data set. 这将是全新的地球数据集。
global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
And we believe that together, we can help to take care of our Spaceship Earth. 我们相信一起, 我们能够帮助保护我们的”地球飞船“。
And what I would like to leave you with is the following question: 而我想给各位留下的问题是:
If you had access to imagery of the whole planet every single day, what would you do with that data? 如果你能获取全地球每一天的照片, 你会拿这些数据做什么？
What problems would you solve? 你会解决什么问题？
What exploration would you do? 你会进行哪些探索？
exploration:n.探索;勘探;探险;[医]探查术;
Well, I invite you to come and explore with us. 我邀请你与我们来一同探索。
explore:v.探索:探测:探险:
Thank you very much. 非常感谢。
(Applause) （掌声）