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TravisKalanick_2016-_uber的下一个计划：用更少的车搭载更多的人_
Today I wanted to -- well, this morning -- 今天早上,
I want to talk about the future of human-driven transportation; about how we can cut congestion , pollution and parking by getting more people into fewer cars; and how we can do it with the technology that's in our pockets. 我想谈一谈人力运输的未来; 有关于我们如何通过用更少的车搭载更多乘客的方式 来解决塞车,污染和停车的问题; 以及如何运用我们口袋里的科技来实现这个目标。
congestion:n.拥挤;拥塞;充血; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
And yes, I'm talking about smartphones ... 没错,我谈的是智能手机...
smartphones:智能手机(smartphone的复数);
not self-driving cars. 不是自动驾驶车。
self-driving:自驾;
But to get started we've got to go back over 100 years. 不过在开始（这个话题）之前,我们先把目光移回到100年前。
Because it turns out there was an Uber way before Uber. 其实在 Uber 之前就已经有一个“Uber”了。
Uber:adj.最好的;?超级的;n.Uber(公司品牌名)优步;
And if it had survived, the future of transportation would probably already be here. 如果它一直存在, 那未来的交通运输方式现在可能已经出现了。
transportation:n.运输;运输系统;运输工具;流放;
So let me introduce you to the jitney . 让我向各位介绍 jitney。
jitney:n.小公共汽车;五分硬币;vt.搭乘小型公共汽车;vi.乘小型公共汽车;
In 1914 it was created or invented by a guy named LP Draper . 它是在1914年由一位叫LP德雷珀的人所创造或发明的。
Draper:n.布商;服装商;
He was a car salesman from LA, and he had an idea. 他是一位来自洛杉矶的汽车销售员,他有一个点子。
Well, he was cruising around downtown Los Angeles, my hometown, and he saw trolleys with long lines of people trying to get to where they wanted to go. 他当时在我的家乡, 洛杉矶市中心兜风时, 看到电车旁 排了很长的队伍,大家正准备排队上车。
cruising:v.乘船游览;慢速行驶,巡行;(cruise的现在分词) downtown:n.市区;闹市区;adv.在市区;在热闹街上;到闹市区;adj.闹市区的; trolleys:n.手推车(trolley的复数形式);
He said, well, why don't I just put a sign on my car that takes people wherever they want to go for a jitney -- that was slang for a nickel . 他就想,为何我不在我的车上放个牌子招呼大家, 让大家只要花5分钱（jitney是五分钱的俚语） 就能去他们想去的地方呢？
slang:n.俚语;行话;adj.俚语的;vi.用粗话骂;vt.用俚语说; nickel:n.镍;镍币;五分镍币;vt.镀镍于;
And so people jumped on board, and not just in Los Angeles but across the country. 于是人们开始跳上车, 而且不只洛杉矶,全国都开展了这项服务。
And within one year, by 1915, there were 50,000 rides per day in Seattle , 45,000 rides per day in Kansas and 150,000 rides per day in Los Angeles. 才仅仅过了1年, 也就是1915年, 在西雅图每天就有5万人次乘坐jitney, 在堪萨斯每天有4.5万, 在洛杉矶则有15万人次。
Seattle:n.西雅图(美国一港市); Kansas:n.堪萨斯州(美国州名);
To give you some perspective , 给各位补充一些概念,
perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的;
Uber in Los Angeles is doing 157,000 rides per day, today ... 100年后的今天, 洛杉矶的 Uber 每天有
100 years later. 15.7万人次搭车。
And so these are the trolley guys, the existing transportation monopoly at the time. 所以,当时这些电车司机, 也是当时交通的垄断巨头。
monopoly:n.垄断;垄断者;专卖权;
They were clearly not happy about the jitney juggernaut . 他们对 jitney 巨大的成功感到非常的不爽。
juggernaut:n.世界主宰;强大的破坏力;
And so they got to work and they went to cities across the country and got regulations put in place to slow down the growth of the jitney. 所以他们在全国 各大城市穿梭游说, 联合起来制定针对 jitney 的各种规则,来拖慢 jitney 的发展速度。
regulations:n.章程;规则;法规;管理,控制;(regulation的复数)
And there were all kinds of regulations. 各式各样的法规五花八门。
There were licenses -- often they were pricey . 营业执照——通常都很贵。
licenses:n.许可(license的复数);授权;v.允许(license的三单形式); pricey:adj.高价的,过分昂贵的;
In some cities, if you were a jitney driver, you were required to be in the jitney for 16 hours a day. 在一些城市里, 如果你是个 jitney 司机, 你会被要求一天16个小时都得在车里才能运营 jitney 。
In other cities, they required two jitney drivers for one jitney. 在另一些城市里, 他们要求两个 jitney 司机使用一辆车。
But there was a really interesting regulation which was they had to put a backseat light -- install it in every Jitney -- to stop a new pernicious innovation which they called spooning. 但有一条法规很搞笑, 每一台 jitney 的后座上必须按上灯, 因为他们想要阻止 “后座拥吻”这一伤风败俗的“新发明”。
backseat:n.后座;次要位置; install:v.安装;设置;安置;建立(程序); pernicious:adj.有害的;恶性的;致命的;险恶的; innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法;
(Laughter) （笑声）
All right. So what happened? 好的,那么后来发生了什么呢？
Well, within a year this thing had taken off. 一年当中 jitney 发展非常迅猛,
But the jitney, by 1919, was regulated completely out of existence. 但在到了1919年, jitney 被立法完全禁止。
regulated:v.约束,控制,管理;(regulate的过去式和过去分词)
That's unfortunate ... 真的很可惜...
because, well, when you can't share a car, then you have to own one. 因为当你不能找人拼车的时候,你就必须自己去买一辆。
And car ownership skyrocketed and it's no wonder that by 2007, there was a car for every man, woman and child in the United States. 所以也难怪 私家车行业开始蓬勃发展,到了2007年, 美国平均每个男人,女人,小孩都拥有一辆车。
skyrocketed:n.流星烟火;冲天火箭;vi.飞涨,突然高升;vt.使…猛然上涨; United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式)
And that phenomenon had gone global . 而这个现象席卷了全球。
phenomenon:n.现象;杰出的人;非凡的人(或事物); global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
In China by 2011, there were more car sales happening in China than in the US. 在中国,到2011年为止, 当时的汽车销售数量已经超越美国。
Now, all this private ownership of course had a public cost. 当然,大量的私家车导致了公众要付出高昂的代价。
In the US, we spend 7 billion hours a year, wasted, sitting in traffic. 在美国,我们每年都会在 交通拥堵上浪费70亿个小时,
160 billion dollars in lost productivity , of course also sitting in traffic, and one-fifth of all of our carbon footprint is spewed out in the air by those cars that we're sitting in. 间接导致了160亿美元的损失, 当然,当你坐在车里, 有五分之一的碳排放, 是我们在塞车时释放到空气中的。
productivity:n.生产力;生产率;生产能力; carbon:n.[化学]碳;碳棒;复写纸;adj.碳的;碳处理的; footprint:n.足迹;脚印; spewed:vt.喷出;呕吐;vi.喷涌;呕吐;
Now, that's only four percent of our problem though. 这也只是占我们所有问题的4%而已,
Because if you have to own a car then that means 96 percent of the time your car is sitting idle . 因为,如果你必须拥有一台车, 那就表示有96％的时间,你的车是静止不动的。
idle:adj.闲置的;懒惰的;停顿的;v.无所事事;虚度;空转;
And so, up to 30 percent of our land and our space is used storing these hunks of steel. 而且有将近30％的土地及我们居住的空间 要用来存放这些大铁怪。
hunks:n.守财奴;性情乖僻之人;
We even have skyscrapers built for cars. 我们甚至已经有了为这些车盖的摩天大厦。
skyscrapers:n.摩天大楼;(skyscraper的复数)
That's the world we live in today. 这就是我们当今居住的世界。
Now, cities have been dealing with this problem for decades. 城市已经为解决这些问题尝试了好几十年。
It's called mass transit . 叫做大众运输。
mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集; transit:n.运输;经过;v.运送;经过;
And even in a city like New York City, one of the most densely populated in the world and one of the most sophisticated mass transit systems in the world, there are still 2.5 million cars that go over those bridges every day. 但是即使是像纽约这样的城市, 这样一个在全世界拥有 最密集的人口和最复杂的公共交通的城市, 每天仍有250万辆车要经过那些桥。
densely:adv.浓密地;密集地; populated:v.生活于; sophisticated:adj.复杂的;老练的;见多识广的;水平高的;
Why is that? 为什么会这样？
Well, it's because mass transit hasn't yet figured out how to get to everybody's doorstep . 因为大众运输还搞不清楚, 如何把每个人载到家门口。
doorstep:n.门阶;
And so back in San Francisco, where I live, the situation's much worse, in fact, much worse around the world. 回到我住的地方,旧金山 状况更糟糕, 事实上,比全世界其它地方还要糟。
And so the beginning of Uber in 2010 was -- well, we just wanted to push a button and get a ride. Uber 在刚起步的2010年—— 我们只是实现“一键叫车”。
We didn't have any grand ambitions . 我们还没有任何远大的野心。
ambitions:n.追求的目标;野心;志向;抱负;(ambition的复数)
But it just turned out that lots of people wanted to push a button and get a ride, and ultimately what we started to see was a lot of duplicate rides. 不过当非常多的人 想要使用“一键叫车”时, 我们后来发现这些路线中有很多是重复的。
ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究; duplicate:v.复制;使加倍;n.副本;复制品;adj.复制的;二重的;
We saw a lot of people pushing the same button at the same time going essentially to the same place. 我们发现有很多人 在同一时刻叫车, 要去的几乎是同一个地方。
at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时; essentially:adv.本质上;本来;
And so we started thinking about, well, how do we make those two trips and turn them into one. 所以我们开始设想, 要如何把两条相近的线路合并成一条。
Because if we did, that ride would be a lot cheaper -- up to 50 percent cheaper -- and of course for the city you've got a lot more people and a lot fewer cars. 因为如果我们这样做的话,那出车的成本会大大降低 ——最高能降一半—— 这样一来, 城市里就会有更少的车搭载更多的人。
And so the big question for us was: would it work? 那么摆在我们面前最大的问题就是: 这可行吗？
Could you have a cheaper ride cheap enough that people would be willing to share it? 能够让打车费足够便宜到 使人们愿意共乘吗？
And the answer, fortunately , is a resounding yes. 很幸运,答案是“响当当”的是。
fortunately:adv.幸运地; resounding:adj.巨大的; v.回响; (resound的现在分词)
In San Francisco, before uberPOOL, we had -- well, everybody would take their car wherever the heck they wanted. 在旧金山, 在我们推出 UberPOOL 之前—— 不管想去什么地方,每个人都想开自己的车。
heck:n.(英口)同"hell",表示略微烦恼或吃惊;
And the bright colors is where we have the most cars. 图上明亮的区域就是车流量最大的地方。
And once we introduced uberPOOL, well, you see there's not as many bright colors. 在我们推出 UberPOOL 之后, 你会发现明亮的部分大大减少。
More people getting around the city in fewer cars, taking cars off the road. 这说明更多的人们乘坐了更少的车, 减少了路上的车流量。
It looks like uberPOOL is working. 看起来 uberPOOL 效果不错。
And so we rolled it out in Los Angeles eight months ago. 所以八个月前我们也把它 推广到了洛杉矶。
And since then, we've taken 7.9 million miles off the roads and we've taken 1.4 thousand metric tons of CO2 out of the air. 从那时起,我们至今总共减少了790万英里的总行驶里程, 也减少了1400吨的二氧化碳排放。
metric:adj.米制的;公制的;按公制制作的;用公制测量的;
But the part that I'm really -- 但我最在意的地方是——
(Applause) （掌声）
But my favorite statistic -- remember, I'm from LA, 不过我最喜欢的统计数据是—— 别忘了,我来自洛杉矶,
statistic:n.统计学;统计数字;统计资料;(一项)统计数据;adj.统计(上)的;
I spent years of my life sitting behind the wheel , going, "How do we fix this?" -- my favorite part is that eight months later, we have added 100,000 new people that are carpooling every week. 我一生中花了不少时间 坐在拥挤的车潮中思考,“我们要如何解决这个问题？” —— ——我最喜欢的部分是8个月后, 我们每周都有10万新人来拼车。
wheel:车轮,转动 carpooling:n.共乘制;v.合伙用车(carpool的现在分词形式);
Now, in China everything is supersized , and so we're doing 15 million uberPOOL trips per month, that's 500,000 per day. 在中国,所有数字都无比庞大。 我们每个月有1500万人次使用uberPOOL, 每天差不多50万。
supersized:adj.超大型的;
And of course we're seeing that exponential growth happen. 我们见证了这种指数增长。
exponential:adj.指数的;n.指数;
In fact, we're seeing it in LA, too. 实际上,这和我们在洛杉矶见到的情况差不多。
And when I talk to my team, we don't talk about, "Hey, well, 100,000 people carpooling every week and we're done." 我们的团队讨论时从来不会说, “嘿,我们每周已经有10万人参与拼车了,目标完成了。”
How do we get that to a million? 而是,我们该怎么样达到百万？
And in China, well, that could be several million. 实际上在中国,可能有几百万人次的潜力。
And so uberPOOL is a very great solution for urban carpooling. 所以,UberPOOL是解决城市内部拼车问题的很好方案。
solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答; urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的;
But what about the suburbs ? 但是对于郊区是否同样适用呢？
suburbs:n.郊外(suburb的复数);
This is the street where I grew up in Los Angeles, it's actually a suburb called Northridge , California,and, well -- look, those mailboxes, they kind of just go on forever. 这条街,是我在洛杉矶长大的街道, 是加州典型的郊区,叫做Northridge。 看看这些邮箱,顺着街道绵延不绝。
Northridge:n.北岭市(位于美国洛杉矶西北);
And every morning at about the same time, cars roll of out their driveway , most of them, one person in the car, and they go to work, they go to their place of work. 每天早上差不多同一时刻, 车子从他们的车道开出来, 但他们大部分车子里只有一个人, 然后开车去工作的地方。
driveway:n.(从建筑物,住房,车库等通往大路的)私人车道;
So the question for us is: well, how do we turn all of these commuter cars -- and literally there's tens of millions of them -- how do we turn all these commuter cars into shared cars? 所以我们的问题是: 我们要如何把 不夸张地说,差不多好几千万台—— 我们要如何把这些通勤车转换成共乘车？
commuter:n.通勤者,经常乘公共车辆往返者;[交]月季票乘客; literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地:
Well, we have something for this that we recently launched called uberCOMMUTE. 为了解决这个问题,我们最近设计了一个叫UberCOMMUTE的产品。
recently:adv.最近;新近; launched:v.发射;发起;开展;开始;(launch的过去式和过去分词)
You get up in the morning, get ready for work, get your coffee, go to your car and you light up the Uber app, and all of a sudden , you become an Uber driver. 当你早上起来,准备去上班,喝完一杯咖啡, 走向你的车, 只要打开 Uber APP, 一眨眼的功夫, 你就成为了一名Uber司机。
all of a sudden:突然地,出乎意料地;
And we'll match you up with one of your neighbors on your way to work and it's a really great thing. 我们会为你自动匹配和你有着 同样上班路线的邻居们, 这件事还真是不错。
There's just one hitch ... 现在只有一个障碍要克服...
hitch:n.故障; vt.搭便车; vi.被钩住;
it's called regulation. 它叫做法规。
So 54 cents a mile, what is that? 每英里54美分,这是什么？
Well, that is what the US government has determined that the cost of owning a car is per mile. 这是美国政府定义的 拥有一辆车每英里的成本。
determined:adj.决定了的:v.决定;(determine的过去分词和过去式)
You can pick up anybody in the United States and take them wherever they want to go at a moment's notice, for 54 cents a mile or less. 在美国,任何人提前预约, 你就可以载他们到任何他们想去的地方, 但你只能收取每英里54美分。
But if you charge 60 cents a mile, you're a criminal. 但如果你每英里收费超过60美分,你就犯法了。
But what if for 60 cents a mile we could get half a million more people carpooling in Los Angeles? 但如果每英里60美分, 我们就可以吸引超过50万人在洛杉矶加入共乘制度呢？
what if:如果…怎么办?
And what if at 60 cents a mile we could get 50 million people carpooling in the United States? 或如果每英里60美分, 我们可以吸引超过5000万人在美国加入共乘制度呢？
If we could, it's obviously something we should do. 如果我们可以的话, 这很明显是我们应该做的。
And so it goes back to the lesson of the jitney. 所以,这带我们回到了jitney的教训。
If by 1915 this thing was taking off, imagine without the regulations that happened, if that thing could just keep going. 如果在1915年这个生意刚起步时, 想像一下,没有这些规定的束缚, 如果jitney可以一直发展下去,会如何呢？
How would our cities be different today? 今日的城市会有多大的不同？
Would we have parks in the place of parking lots? 我们现在的停车场是否就能变成公园？
in the place of:在…的地方;
Well, we lost that chance. 是的,我们已经错过了这次机会。
But technology has given us another opportunity. 但是科技为我们提供了一次新的机会。
Now, I'm as excited as anybody else about self-driving cars but do we have to really wait five, 10 or even 20 years to make our new cities a reality? 现在,我和其他人一样,对自动驾驶感到十分的兴奋。 但我们真的必须再等5年,10年,甚至20年 才能打造一座新城市吗？
With the technology in our pockets today, and a little smart regulation, we can turn every car into a shared car, and we can reclaim our cities starting today. 通过我们口袋里的科技, 和多一点点人性化的法规, 我们就可以把每辆车变成共乘车, 而且从今天就可以开始拯救我们的城市。
reclaim:v.开拓;回收再利用;改造某人,使某人悔改;n.改造,感化;再生胶;
Thank you. 谢谢各位！
(Applause) （掌声）
Chris Anderson: Travis, thank you.
Travis Kalanick: Thank you.
CA: You know -- I mean the company you've built is absolutely astounding . CA:我觉得你的公司确实很了不起。
absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地; astounding:adj.令人震惊的;使大吃一惊的;v.使震惊;使大惊;(astound的现在分词)
You only just talked about a small part of it here -- a powerful part -- the idea of turning cars into public transport like that, it's cool. 刚刚你谈论了其中一个很小的部分—— ——也是很重要的部分—— 把大家的车变成大众运输工具的这个想法。 真的很酷！
public transport:n.公共交通;公交车辆;
But I've got a couple other questions because I know they're out there on people's minds. 不过我也有一些问题, 因为我知道其他人也很关心。
So first of all , last week I think it was, 首先,上礼拜,如果我没记错的话,
first of all:adv.首先;
I switched on my phone and tried to book an Uber and I couldn't find the app. 我打开手机,试着要从 Uber 叫车, 但我发现我找不到Uber的App了。
switched on:开着(开关)的;
You had this very radical , very bold , brave redesign . 你对 Uber图标进行的重新设计真的很坚决和彻底,勇气可嘉。
radical:n.自由基;激进分子;游离基;adj.根本的;彻底的;完全的;全新的; bold:adj.大胆的,英勇的;黑体的;厚颜无耻的;险峻的; redesign:vt.重新设计;n.重新设计;新设计;
TK: Sure. TK: 是的。
CA: How did it go? CA: 这事你怎么看？
Did you notice other people not finding the app that day? 是不是注意到其他人那天也找不到你们的App了呢？
Are you going to win people over for this redesign? 你是否准备好在新设计上重新赢取用户呢？
TK: Well, first I should probably just say, well, what we were trying to accomplish . TK: 嗯,我首先要说的是, 我们想要完善的,
accomplish:v.完成;实现;达到;
And I think if you know a little bit about our history, it makes a lot more sense. 实际上和我们公司的历史有关, 重新设计对此有非常大的意义。
Which is, when we first got started, it was just black cars. 当我们一开始创立Uber的时候, Uber里的车全都是黑色的。
It was literally you push a button and get an S-Class. 我们想让你按下Uber的按钮之后,就会有S级车来为你服务。
And so what we did was almost what I would call an immature version of a luxury brand that looked like a badge on a luxury car. 所以我们本来想做的 是一个打车品牌的奢侈品,通过模拟豪华车的车标 把Uber做成奢侈品的象征。
immature:adj.不成熟的;未成熟的;粗糙的; luxury:n.奢侈,奢华;奢侈品;享受;adj.奢侈的; brand:v.铭刻于,铭记;打烙印于;印…商标于;n.商标,牌子;烙印; badge:n.徽章;证章;标记;v.授给…徽章;
And as we've gone worldwide and gone from S-Classes to auto rickshaws in India, it became something that was important for us to be more accessible , to be more hyperlocal, to be about the cities we were in and that's what you see with the patterns and colors. 但当我们成长为全球化的公司, 从S级骄车到印度的小黄包车, 这变成了一个对我们相当有意义的事, 因为这样可以让Uber变的平易近人, 更加的本土化, 更加在乎我们居住的城市, 这就是你看到我们公司的模式和颜色。
worldwide:adj.全世界的;adv.在世界各地; auto:n.汽车;v.坐汽车; rickshaws:n.黄包车(rickshaw的复数形式); accessible:adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的;
And to be more iconic , because a U doesn't mean anything in Sanskrit , and a U doesn't mean anything in Mandarin . 需要变得更图像化, 是因为U无论在印度语 还是在汉语中都没有具体的含义,
iconic:adj.图标的,形象的; Sanskrit:adj.梵文的;n.梵文; Mandarin:n.(中国)普通话;国语;官话;满清官吏;柑橘;adj.紧身马褂的;
And so that was a little bit what it was about. 所以重新设计是有这样一层原因的。
Now, when you first roll out something like that, 当你第一次推出这样的设计,
I mean, your hands are sweating, you've got -- you know, you're a little worried. 肯定会紧张到手心冒汗, 你会—— 有一点担心。
What we saw is a lot of people -- actually, at the beginning , we saw a lot more people opening the app because they were curious what they would find when they opened it. 我们看到的是很大一群人—— 实际上,刚开始我们看到很多人打开了App, 因为他们很好奇打开时会有什么发现。
at the beginning:首先;从一开始;起初;从头开始; curious:adj.好奇的,有求知欲的;古怪的;爱挑剔的;
And our numbers were slightly up from what we expected. 而我们得到的数字比预期的稍为高一点。
slightly:adv.些微地,轻微地;纤细地;
CA: OK, that's cool. CA: 好的,这确实非常酷。
Now, so you, yourself, are something of an enigma , I would say. 我不得不说,你现在在很多人看来挺神秘的。
enigma:n.谜,不可思议的东西;
Your supporters and investors, who have been with you the whole way, believe that the only chance of sort of taking on the powerful, entrenched interests of taxi industry and so forth, 你的支持者与投资者这一路来一直跟随着你, 他们相信只有 残忍无情的竞争者才能担负起 这责任重大的机会,
supporters:n.拥护者;(运动队的)支持者;(supporter的复数) entrenched:adj.根深蒂固的;v.使处于牢固地位;牢固确立;(entrench的过去式和过去分词)
is to have someone who is a fierce , relentless competitor, which you've certainly proved to be. 挑战根深蒂固的计程车行业利益等等, 而你最近也证明你做到了。
fierce:adj.凶猛的;猛烈的;暴躁的; relentless:adj.无情的;残酷的;不间断的;
Some people feel you've almost taken that culture too far, and you know -- like a year or two ago there was a huge controversy where a lot of women got upset . 一些人感觉你把这种文化带的太远了, 你也知道——在一到两年前, 对于 Uber 有次巨大的争论,很多的女士感觉相当失望。
controversy:n.争论;论战;辩论; upset:adj.沮丧; v.打乱; n.苦恼; (意外的)混乱;
How did it feel like inside the company during that period? 公司在那段时间,内部是什么感觉？
Did you notice a loss of business? 你是否注意到公司出现了任何损失？
Did you learn anything from that? 或者说你在这个过程中学到了什么？
TK: Well, look, I think -- TK:我觉得——
I've been an entrepreneur since I've been in high school and you have -- 我从高中就已经是个企业家, 你在困难时期,
entrepreneur:n.企业家;承包人;主办者;
In various different ways an entrepreneur will see hard times and for us, it was about a year and a half ago, and for us it was hard times, too. 一定会遇到各种不同的挑战, 对我们来说, 一年半前的事件, 也是我们的困难时期。
Now, inside, we felt like -- 在公司内部,我们感觉——
I guess at the end of the day we felt like we were good people doing good work, but on the outside that wasn't evident . 我们当时感觉到 “我们是对的人在做对的事”, 但在外人看来,就没那么明显。
evident:adj.明显的;明白的;
And so there was a lot that we had to do to sort of -- 所以,可以这么说—— 我们还有很多方面要努力——
We'd gone from a very small company -- 我们是从一个很小的公司开始的——
I mean if you go literally two and a half years ago, our company was 400 people, and today it's 6,500. 我的意思是,如果你回到2年半前, 我们公司只有400人, 现在已经有6500人。
And so when you go through that growth, you have to sort of cement your cultural values and talk about them all of the time. 所以,当你经历了整个成长的过程, 你就必须凝聚公司的文化价值, 并随时谈论它们。
cement:n.水泥;(干燥后硬化的)水泥;胶合剂;胶接剂;v.加强;胶合; cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的;
And make sure that people are constantly checking to say, "Are we good people doing good work?" 并且你需要人们能够持续地认可 你们是“对的人在做对的事”。
constantly:adv.不断地;时常地;
And if you check those boxes, the next part of that is making sure you're telling your story. 如果你能够保证这些, 那么剩下的部分就是你要讲述你的故事,
And I think we learned a lot of lessons but I think at the end of it we came out stronger. 而我认为我们得到很多教训, 但最后,我们会变得更坚强。
But it was certainly a difficult period. 虽然这会是一段很困难的时期。
CA: It seems to me, everywhere you turn, you're facing people who occasionally give you a hard time. CA: 在我看来,每次你做出改变的时候, 你都会直面别人给你提出的难题。
occasionally:adv.偶尔;有时候;偶然;
Some Uber drivers in New York and elsewhere are mad as hell now because you changed the fees and they can barely -- they claim -- barely afford the deal anymore. 纽约和其他地方的一些Uber司机 现在已经气疯了,因为你改变勒费率, 他们声称——他们几乎干不下去了。
elsewhere:adv.在别处;到别处; barely:adv.仅仅,勉强;几乎不;公开地;贫乏地; afford:v.给予,提供;买得起;
How -- 你要如何——
You know, you said that you started this originally -- just the coolness of pressing a button and summoning a ride. 就如你说的,你创办公司的初衷—— 仅是想简单地按下按钮打辆车而已。
originally:adv.原来;起初; coolness:n.冷;凉爽;冷静; summoning:v.传唤,传讯(出庭);召唤;召集,召开(会议);(summon的现在分词)
This thing's taken off, you're affecting the whole global economy , basically , at this point. 但公司却发展得非常快, 基本在目前这个时间点上,你正在影响全球经济。
economy:n.经济;节约;理财; basically:adv.主要地,基本上;
You're being forced to be, whether you want it or not, a kind of global visionary who's changing the world. 不管你想不想,你已经不得不这么做, 你是用一种长远的世界观在改变这个世界。
visionary:adj.梦想的;幻影的;n.空想家;梦想者;有眼力的人;
I mean -- who are you? 我的意思是——你是谁？
Do you want that? 你真的有想过会这样吗？
Are you ready to go with that and be what that takes? 你有准备好并承担这一切吗？
TK: Well, there's a few things packed in that question, so -- TK: 好吧,你一时间问了好几个问题,所以——
(Laughter) （笑声）
First is on the pricing side -- 首先是价格方面——
I mean, keep in mind , right? 我的意思是,要记住一点,对吧？
keep in mind:记住;
UberX, when we first started, was literally 10 or 15 percent cheaper than our black car product. UberX,我们刚开始这个项目的时候, 理论上要比我们的黑色专车产品便宜10%到15%。
It's now in many cities, half the price of a taxi. 现在, 在很多城市, Uber 还比出租车便宜差不多一半。
And we have all the data to show that the divers are making more per hour than they would as taxi drivers. 我们所有的资料显示, 所有的驾驶员每小时的收入比他们当出租车司机时还要多。
divers:adj.不同种类的,各式各样的;
What happens is when the price goes down, people are more likely to take Uber at different times of the day than they otherwise would have, and they're more likely to use it in places they wouldn't have before. 当价格下降后, 人们就更喜欢搭 Uber 了, 同一天不同的时间一直如此, 他们在一些场合似乎还比之前更喜欢使用Uber。
at different times:在不同的时间;在不同的时代;
And what that means for a driver is wherever he or she drops somebody off, they're much more likely to get a pickup and get back in. 这就意味着,驾驶员无论把乘客送到哪里, 他们几乎是马上又拉到一个乘客,可以继续工作了。
pickup:n.收集,整理;小卡车;拾起;搭车者;偶然结识者;
And so what that means is more trips per hour, more minutes of the hour where they're productive and actually, earnings come up. 也就是说,每个小时的载客次数变多了, 每小时的服务分钟也变多了, 且实际上收入也增加了。
productive:adj.能生产的;生产的,生产性的;多产的;富有成效的; earnings:n.收益;收入;利润;赢利;
And we have cities where we've done literally five or six price cuts and have seen those price cuts go up over time. 我们有一些城市,已经降价5-6次, 而且随着时间越久,价格就降得越多。
So even in New York -- 所以,即使是在纽约——
We have a blog post we call "4 Septembers" -- compare the earnings 我们有一篇博客文章,叫做“4个九月”—— 内容就是
blog:n.博客;部落格;网络日志; compare:v.比较;对比;n.比较;
September after September after September. 把每年9月份的收入
Same month every year. 进行比较。
And we see the earnings going up over time as the price comes down. 我们可以看到当价格下降后, 司机反而赚的越多。
And there's a perfect price point -- you can't go down forever. 到时会有一个完美的价格档——你不能永远降价下去。
And in those places where we bring the price down but we don't see those earnings pop, we bring the prices back up. 在有些地方,我们降价后, 但看不到收入增加, 我们就会再调整回来。
So that addresses that first part. 所以这是我对第一部分的回答。
And then the enigma and all of this -- 至于第二部分,谜一般的人,还有所有的事儿——
I mean, the kind of entrepreneur I am is one that gets really excited about solving hard problems. 我的回答是,我是一个对 解决难题会感到很兴奋的创业者。
And the way I like to describe it is it's kind of like a math professor. 我喜欢这样形容这件事,就是有点像数学教授。
describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形;
You know? If a math professor doesn't have hard problems to solve, that's a really sad math professor. 如果一个数学教授没有困难的问题可以解决, 那他真是一个可悲的教授。
And so at Uber we like the hard problems and we like getting excited about those and solving them. 我们Uber也是这样,我们非常喜欢难题, 在解决它们的过程中我们会获得很大的满足。
But we don't want just any math problem, we want the hardest ones that we can possibly find, and we want the one that if you solve it, there's a little bit of a wow factor . 但我们要的不是只有数学问题, 我们要的是能找到最难的问题, 并找出那个可以解决问题的关键因子, 那才是我们最想要的。
a little bit of a:一点点了; wow factor:n.令人叫好的性质;使人惊奇的因素;
CA: In a couple years' time -- say five years' time, I don't know when -- you roll out your incredible self-driving cars, at probably a lower cost than you currently pay for an Uber ride. CA: 在几年之后—— 有些人说是五年之后,其实我也不知道是什么时候—— 你会推出炫酷的无人驾驶车服务, 可能比现在打 Uber 还便宜。
incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; currently:adv.当前;一般地;
What do you say to your army of a million drivers plus at that time? 到时候,面对你的百万驾驶人军队时,你要怎么说？
What do you say:你说…怎么样？;
TK: Explain that again -- at which time? TK:请再说一遍,大概什么时候？
CA: At the time when self-driving cars are coming -- CA: 在自动驾驶到来的时候——
TK: Sure, sure, sure. Sorry, I missed that. TK:好的,好的,好的,抱歉,我没听清楚。
CA: What do you say to a driver? CA: 面对他们你要怎么说？
TK: Well, look, I think the first part is it's going to take -- it's likely going to take a lot longer than I think some of the hype or media might expect. TK:好吧,我认为首先—— 无人驾驶车还有一段 比广告或媒体预测的还要长的路要走。
hype:n.大肆宣传;皮下注射;vt.大肆宣传;使…兴奋; media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉;
That's part one. 这是第一部分。
Part two is it's going to also take -- there's going to be a long transition . 其次,会有一段过渡时期—— 这段时间也会很长。
transition:n.过渡;转变;变革;变迁;v.经历转变过程;过渡;
These cars will work in certain places and not in others. 自动驾驶一开始只能在特定的地方使用,不是在所有地方都行得通。
For us it's an interesting challenge, right? 不过对我们来说,这也是个很有意思的挑战,对吧？
Because, well -- 因为——
Google's been investing in this since 2007, 谷歌从2007年就开始研究自动驾驶,
investing:v.投资;投入(时间、精力等);(invest的现在分词)
Tesla's going to be doing it, Apple's going to be doing it, the manufacturers are going to be doing it. 特斯拉也开始投资,苹果也开始投资, 所有的制造商都已经准备好生产了。
manufacturers:n.生产者;制造者;生产商;(manufacturer的复数)
This is a world that's going to exist, and for good reason. 这是一个让世界永续生存的好理由。
A million people die a year in cars. 每年有100万人死于车祸。
And we already looked at the billions or even trillions of hours worldwide that people are spending sitting in them, driving frustrated , anxious. 而且我们已经看到人类每年要花几十亿甚至几兆个小时 浪费在车子里面,焦虑,沮丧。
trillions:n.[数]万亿;adj.万亿的;num.[数]万亿; frustrated:adj.失意的,挫败的;泄气的;v.挫败;阻挠;(frustrate的过去式和过去分词)
And think about the quality of life that improves when you give people their time back and it's not so anxiety-ridden . 想像一下,当你把时间还给人们, 让他们不用再忧心忡忡, 生活品质会改善多少。
improves:v.改进;改善;(improve的第三人称单数) anxiety-ridden:adj.忧心忡忡的;
So I think there's a lot of good. 所以,我认为会有很多好处。
And so the way we think about it is that it's a challenge, but one for optimistic leadership, 我们认为这件事是一个挑战, 但是一种对乐观领导力的挑战。
optimistic:adj.乐观的;乐观主义的;
Where instead of resisting -- resisting technology, maybe like the taxi industry, or the trolley industry -- we have to embrace it or be a part of the future. 而不是像之前的出租车业 或电车业 要对抗、 拒绝科技, 我们必须拥抱它或把它成为我们未来的一部分。
resisting:adj.稳定的;坚固的;v.抵抗;忍住(resist的现在分词); embrace:n.拥抱,怀抱;v.拥抱;乐意采纳(思想、建议等);信奉;包括;
But how do we optimistically lead through it? 但我们要如何乐观地领衔度过这一时期呢？
optimistically:adv.乐观地;乐天地;
Are there ways to partner with cities? 有没有与城市成为伙伴关系的方式？
Are there ways to have education systems, vocational training, etc., for that transition period. 在过渡期间,有没有教育系统或职业训练 等等的方式呢？
vocational:adj.职业的,行业的;
It will take a lot longer than I think we all expect, especially that transition period. 这会比我认为大家期待的时间还要长, 特别是过渡时期。
especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
But it is a world that's going to exist, and it is going to be a better world. 但这才是我们面对的世界, 而且会是一个更美好的世界。
CA: Travis, what you're building is absolutely incredible and I'm hugely grateful to you for coming to TED and sharing so openly. CA:Travis,你的贡献真的很了不起, 我非常荣幸能邀请你来TED,并敞开心胸与我们分享。
Thank you so much. TK: Thank you very much. 非常谢谢你。TK:非常谢谢你。
(Applause) （掌声）