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TomShannon_2003-_汤姆_香农的抵抗重力的雕塑_
This is a sculpture I made, which is a way of, kind of, freeing a form into an object that has different degrees of freedom. 这是我做的一个雕塑, 算是将一个具有不同程度自由的物体 从一种形态解放的一种方式吧。
sculpture:n.雕塑;雕刻;刻蚀;vt.雕塑;雕刻;刻蚀;vi.从事雕刻;
So, it can balance on a point. 这样在某种程度上就达成一种平衡。
This is a bronze ball, an aluminum arm here, and then this wooden disk. 这个铜球, 铝制手臂, 还有这个木制盘子。
bronze:n.青铜; adj.青铜色的; vt.镀青铜于; vi.变成青铜色,被晒黑; aluminum:n.铝; wooden:adj.木制的;木头的;木头似的;死板的
And the wooden disk was really thought about as something that you'd want to hold on to , and that would glide easily through your hands. 这个木盘子是为了 你可以抓住什么而设计的, 这样你可以容易地转动它。
hold on to:坚持;紧握;克制; glide:n.滑翔;滑行;滑移;滑音;vt.滑翔;滑行;悄悄地走;消逝;vi.使滑行;使滑动;
The aluminum is because it's very light . 用铝是因为它很轻。
very light:n.(船上发出的)求援信号弹;
The bronze is nice hard, durable material that could roll on the ground. 铜是因为它轻重适宜, 而且可以在地上持续滚动。
durable:adj.耐用的;耐久的;长期的;长久的;n.耐久品;
Inside of the bronze ball there's a lead weight that is free-swinging on an axle that's on two bearings that pass in between, across it, like this, that counterbalance this weight. 铜球的内部 有个铅块, 绕着一个轴心作自由摆动, 轴心就在两个轴承 之间移动, 像这个样子,就抵消了这个重量。
free-swinging:adj.自由摆动的;大胆的;直率的;不顾后果的; axle:n.车轴;[车辆]轮轴; bearings:n.关系;影响;姿态;举止;方位;(bearing的复数) counterbalance:n.平衡力;自动抵销;vt.使平衡;抵消;
So it allows it to roll. 这样球就可以滚动。
And the sphere has that balance property that is always sort of stays still and looks the same from every direction. 这样球就保持平衡, 从各种角度看都一样都好像, 总是保持不动。
sphere:n.球;领域;球体;球形;v.使成球形;包围;把…放在球内;使处于天体之间;
But if you put something on top of it it disbalances it. And so it would tip over. 但当你在顶部放个东西, 就打破了这种平衡。它就会翻过来。
tip:n.小窍门,小费;v.给…小费;使倾斜;
But in this case because the interior is free-swinging in relation to the sphere, it can stand up on one point. 这时,因为 它的内部是 可以自由摆动的, 它也可以站稳。
interior:n.内部;内陆;内地;里面;adj.内部的;里面的;
And then there was a second level to this object, which is that it -- 这个模型的第二个层面 是-
I wanted it to convey some proportions that I was interested in, which is the diameter of the Moon and the diameter of the Earth in proportion to each other. 我改了个比例, 我把月亮的直径 和地球的直径的比例 运用到了其中。
convey:vt.传达;运输;让与; proportions:n.[数]比例;大小(proportion的复数形式); diameter:n.直径;对径;放大率;放大倍数; in proportion to:与…成比例,与…相称;
I was exploring , really early on, wanting to make things float in the air. 早期我探究的是, 让物体浮在空中。
exploring:v.探索:考察:探查;(explore的现在分词)
And I thought up a lot of ideas. 我想出了很多点子。
This is sculpture that I made that -- it's magnetically levitated . 这是我做的一个模型- 磁悬浮的。
magnetically:adv.有磁力地;有吸引力地; levitated:vt.使轻轻浮起;使飘浮空中;vi.轻轻浮起;飘浮空中;
The thing is, is that it's slightly dangerous. 这个东西,有点点危险。
slightly:adv.些微地,轻微地;纤细地;
Normally it's sort of cordoned off when it's in a museum. 一般情况下,在博物馆里都是放在封闭的展柜中。
Normally:adv.正常地;通常地,一般地; cordoned:v.以警戒线分隔或包围;(cordon的过去分词和过去式)
But it's uh -- let's see if I can manipulate it a little bit without, um -- oops -- 但是,唔-我们来看看我能否来操纵它, 就一点点-哦-
manipulate:vt.操纵;操作;巧妙地处理;篡改;
So this is just floating, floating on a permanent magnetic field , which stabilizes it in all directions. 只是悬浮着, 悬浮在永久磁场中, 在任何方向都是稳定的。
permanent:adj.永久的,永恒的;n.烫发; magnetic field:磁场; stabilizes:vt.使稳固,使安定;vi.稳定,安定;
Except there is a slight tether here, which keeps it from going over the top of its field. 除了这里的一小点约束, 保证它不会偏离磁场。
tether:n.范围;系链;拴绳;vt.用绳或链拴住; over the top:adj.过多的;言过其实的;夸大其词的;
It's sort of surfing on a magnetic field at the crest of a wave. 这就好像在 磁场上冲浪。
surfing:v.冲浪;进行冲浪运动;(互联网上)浏览;(surf的现在分词) crest:n.[物]波峰;冠;山顶;顶饰;vi.到达绝顶;形成浪峰;
And that's what supports the object and keeps it stable . 支持着物体保持稳定。
stable:n.马厩;牛棚;adj.稳定的;牢固的;坚定的;vi.被关在马厩;赶入马房;
I think we could roll the tape, admin . 管理人员,我想我们可以播放录像了。
admin:abbr.管理,行政(administration);
I have a sort of a collection of videos that I took of different installations , which I could narrate . 我这里有几个不同的模型的录像, 我可以给大家讲解。
installations:n.[军]设施;装置(installation的复数形式);[机]设备; narrate:vt.叙述;给…作旁白;vi.叙述;讲述;
This is a sculpture of the Sun and the Earth, in proportion. 这个是太阳 和地球的模型,按照真实比例做的。
Representing that eight and a half minutes that it takes light and gravity to connect the two. 光和重力把他们连接起来 要八分半钟的时间。
Representing:v.代表;维护…的利益;等于;相当于;(represent的现在分词)
So here is the Earth. It's a little less than a millimeter that was turned of solid bronze. 这个是地球。比一毫米少一点点, 是铜制的。
millimeter:n.毫米;
And here is a similar sculpture. 这是个类似的 雕塑。
That's the Sun at that end. 末端是太阳。
And then in a series of 55 balls, it reduces, proportionately , each ball and the spaces between them, reduce proportionately , until they get down to this little Earth. 然后是一系列的55个球, 每个球都按一定比例缩小, 每个球和其之间的距离也 按比例缩小, 直到最后这个最小的球。
series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书; proportionately:adv.相称地,成比例地; get down to:开始认真考虑;着手处理;
This is in a sculpture park in Taejon. 这在韩国大田的一座雕塑公园中展出。
This one is about the Moon. 这个是月亮的模型。
And then the distance to the Earth, in proportion also. 也是按比例,是到地球的距离。
This is a little stone ball, floating. 这是个小石球,悬浮着。
As you can see the little tether, that it's also magnetically levitated. 你可以看见这个小锁链, 也是磁悬浮的。
As you can see:正如你所看到的;你是知道的;
And then this is the first part of -- this is 109 spheres , since the Sun is 109 times the diameter of the Earth. 这个是第一部分- 109个圆球, 因为太阳比地球大109倍。
spheres:n.[数]球体(sphere的复数); v.把…放在球体内(sphere的第三人称单数形式);
And so this is the size of the Sun. 这是太阳的大小。
And then each of these little spheres is the size of the Earth in proportion to the Sun. 剩下的每一个球 都是同太阳的大小成比例的地球。
It's made up of 16 concentric shells . Each one has 92 spheres. 这由16个同心壳组成。 每个有92个球。
made up of:由…组成,由…构成; concentric:adj.同轴的;同中心的; shells:n.壳;壳状物;炮弹;v.炮击;给…去壳(shell的第三人称单数和复数)
This is in the courtyard of a twelfth-century alchemist . 这是在一个12世纪的炼金术士的庭院。
courtyard:n.院子; alchemist:n.炼金术士;
I was thinking that the Sun is kind of the ultimate alchemist. 我觉得太阳好似个终极炼金术士。
ultimate:adj.最终的;极限的;根本的;n.终极;根本;基本原则;
So this, again, is on the subject -- a slice from the equator of the Earth. 好,回到这个话题上来- 这个代表地球的赤道。
slice:n.片; v.切成片; (很容易地)切开;
And then the Moon in the center. 月亮在中心。
And it's floating. And this is in France. 悬浮着。这是在法国。
This is in Sapporo. 这时在日本的札幌。
It's balancing on a shaft and a ball, right at the center of gravity, or just slightly above the center of gravity, which means that the lower half of the object is just a little bit more weighty . 这在一根箭杆和一个圆球上保持着平衡, 就在重心处,或者说,重心上方一点点, 这意味着 物体下半部比上半部重一点点。
shaft:n.拍杆;[机]轴;箭杆;杆状物;v.利用;在…上装杆; weighty:adj.重的;重大的;严肃的;
You can see it rotating here. 你看,就在这里旋转。
rotating:v.(使)旋转,转动;(工作)由…轮值;(rotate的现在分词)
It weighs about a ton or over a ton. 它大概重一吨,或者比一吨多点。
It's made of stainless steel , quite thick. 它是不锈钢做的,很沉。
stainless steel:n.不锈钢;
But it's being balanced like that in equilibrium . 但是它很平衡。
equilibrium:n.均衡;平静;保持平衡的能力;
It's susceptible to motion by the air currents. 它会随着气流而运动。
susceptible:adj.易受影响的;易感动的;容许…的;n.易得病的人; motion:n.动作;移动;手势;请求;意向;议案;v.运动;打手势;
This is another species of work that I do. 这是我做的另一组件。
species:n.[生物]物种;种类;
These are these arrays. These spheres are all suspended . 这些是箭头。这些箭头都是悬挂着的。
suspended:v.悬;挂;吊;暂停;中止;(suspend的过去式和过去分词)
But they have magnets horizontally in them that make them all like compasses . 它们都具有水平的磁性, 这样它们就像指南针一样。
magnets:n.磁铁;磁石;吸铁石;有吸引力的人(或地方、事物);(magnet的复数) horizontally:adv.水平地;地平地; compasses:n.[测]圆规;罗盘(compass的复数);v.围绕;环行(compass的三单形式);
So all the red sides, for example, face one direction: south. 所有的红色端,比如,都指向一个方向:南极。
And the blue side, the compliment , faces the other way. 所有的蓝色方向,相反地,指向另一个方向。
compliment:n.恭维;称赞;问候;致意;道贺;v.恭维;称赞;
So as you turn around you're seeing different colors. 你四周转转,会看到不同的颜色。
This is based on the structure of a diamond. 这个是建立在钻石结构的基础上。
structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造;
It was a diamond cell structure was the point of departure . 钻石晶体结构的 出发点。
departure:n.离开;出发;违背;
And then there were kind of large spaces in the hollows between the atoms . 在原子之间的空隙, 存在很大的空间。
hollows:n.[机]圆角面; v.凹陷(hollow的第三人称单数形式); atoms:n.[物]原子(atom的复数);
And so I placed one more element inside each one of them. 所以我在它们之间多放了一个元素。
element:n.元素;要素;原理;成分;自然环境;
These were white spheres. 这些白色的圆球。
Then I had video projectors that were projecting intermittently onto the spheres. 然后我用视频投影机 间歇性地投影到圆球上。
projectors:n.放映机(projector复数);幻灯机投影机; intermittently:adv.间歇地;
So they would catch parts of the images , and make sort of three-dimensional color volumes , as you walk through it, through the object. 这样就有了部分图像, 也就形成了看似立体的彩色圆柱, 就像你穿过这个物体的时候。
images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数) three-dimensional:adj.三维的;立体的;真实的; volumes:n.卷;体积;容积;大量;(volumes是volume的复数)
This is something I did of a tactile communication system. 这是我 为触感通信系统所做的。
tactile:adj.[生理]触觉的,有触觉的;能触知的;
It was the idea of isolating the tactile component of sculpture, and then putting it into a communication system. 为的分离出模型的触感组分, 然后将其运用到通信系统中。
isolating:adj.孤立的;绝缘的;v.使隔离;使绝缘(isolate的ing形式); component:n.成分;部件;组成部分;adj.构成的;
This is the idea of moving a sculpture, a ball, that would be directed around the room by a computer. 这是想通过计算机 指令移动房间内的 雕塑,球体。
This is a clock I designed. 这是我设计的时钟。
It has Buckminster Fuller's Dymaxion Map edited here. 用巴克敏斯特?富勒的多面体图做背景。
edited:v.编辑,校订;编选;编集;(edit的过去分词和过去式)
It turns once per day in synchrony with the Earth. 每天转动一次,与地球同步。
synchrony:n.同步;
And then, this is like projects that are harder to build. 这是个 很难制作的工程。
(Laughter) （笑声）
This has a diamond bottomed lake. 这是个有着钻石为底的湖。
So it's a floating island with water, fresh water, that can fly from place to place. 上面悬浮着一个岛, 有水,流动的水, 可以从一个地方飞到另一个地方。
This would be grown, I suppose , with nanotechnology in the future, sometime. 它还能长大,我猜想, 等将来什么时候有了纳米技术。
suppose:v.推断:假定:假设:设想: nanotechnology:n.纳米技术;
In the course of doing my work 工作让我拥有
In the course of:在…过程中;在…期间;
I sort of have a broad range of interests. 广泛的兴趣。
And some of it is just the idea of creating media -- media as a sculpture, something that would keep the sculpture fresh and ever-changing , by just creating the media that the sculpture is made of. 其中一些仅仅是创造媒介的想法— 作为雕塑的媒介, 只需要改变组成雕塑的媒介, 就可以改变雕塑本身 使之鲜活,千变万化。
media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉; ever-changing:adj.千变万化的;常变的;
And I had a lot of -- always interested in the concept of a crystal ball . 我对于- 水晶球的想法特别感兴趣。
crystal ball:v.预测;
And the idea that you could see things inside of a crystal ball and predict the future -- or a television set, where it's sort of like a magic box where anything can appear. 你能通过观察水晶球的内部 来预测未来- 或者是电视机,电视机也算是一个魔盒, 任何东西都能够出现。
predict:v.预报;预言;预告;
I had thought about, a long time ago, in the late '60s when I was just starting out, 我想过,很久以前, 在60年代后期,我刚刚起步的时候,
I was under the influence of thinking about Buckminster Fuller's grand project for an electric globe across from the United Nations -- and other things that were happening, the space program at that time, and Whole Earth Catalog , things like that. 我受到一些影响,比如思考巴克敏斯特?富勒 的伟大工程, 一个联合国对面的电子球工程— 还有其它正在发生的事情, 那个时候的空间项目, 全球概览,那样的事情。
influence:n.影响;势力;感化;有影响的人或事;v.影响;改变; electric:n.供电;adj.电的;用电的;电动的;发电的; United Nations:n.联合国; Catalog:n.目录册;产品样本;学校便览;一览表;v.(为…)编目录;(把…)按目录分类;
I was thinking about mass produced spherical television sets that could be linked to orbiting camera satellites. 我也想到过批量生产的球形电视机 可以同相机卫星轨道相连。
mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集; spherical:adj.球形的,球面的;天体的; orbiting:v.[航][天]轨道运行;轨道运动;转圈(orbit的ing形式);
So if we could roll the next film here. 下面看这里,我们的下一个片子
This has evolved over the years in a lot of different iterations . 这经过数年的演变, 多次不同的叠加。
evolved:v.(使)逐渐形成;进化;进化形成;(evolve的过去分词和过去式) iterations:n.迭代次数;反复(iteration的复数);
But this the current version of it, is a flying airship that is about 35 meters in diameter, about 110 feet in diameter. 但是最近的模型是, 一个大概有35米的直径 的飞船, 也就是110英尺直径的飞船。
airship:n.飞艇;
The whole surface of it is covered with 60 million diodes , red, blue, and green, that allow you to have a high resolution picture, visible in daylight . 它的整个表面覆盖着6千万个二极管, 红色的,蓝色的,绿色的, 让你有高品质的画面,白天也看得见。
diodes:n.二极管; resolution:n.解决;分辨;解析;决议; visible:adj.明显的;看得见的;现有的;可得到的;n.可见物;进出口贸易中的有形项目; daylight:n.日光;
I came with a plan. 我有了个计划。
I brought it to Paul MacCready's company AeroVironment to do a feasibility study, and they analyzed it, and came up with a lot of innovative ideas about how to propel it. 我把它带到了 Paul MacCready的公司 AeroVironment 做可行性的研究, 他们分析了这个飞船, 想出了很多如何推进它的创新性点子。
feasibility:n.可行性;可能性; analyzed:v.分析(analyze的过去式和过去分词);检讨; innovative:adj.革新的,创新的; propel:v.推进;驱使;激励;驱策;
So we have a physical plan of how to make this actually happen. 现在我们有了一个让它变为现实的计划。
physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查;
This is the control room inside of the ship. 这是飞船内部的控制室。
The idea of this air genie , it's something that can just transform and become anything. 这个点子, 就是一些东西能够变形成为其它的东西。
genie:n.妖怪;鬼; transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式;
It's like a traveling show. 就像是旅游节目。
It has speakers on it. And it has cameras over the surface of it. 它有麦克风。它的表面 有摄像头。
So it can see its environment, and then it can mimic its environment and disappear . 所以可以看见它所处的环境, 然后能够模仿它的环境从而变为消失。
mimic:vt.模仿,摹拟;n.效颦者,模仿者;仿制品;小丑;adj.模仿的,模拟的;假装的; disappear:v.消失;失踪;不复存在;
Here the legs are retracting . 它的腿可以回缩。
retracting:n.收起;v.缩回;撤消;食言(retract的ing形式);
The cabin is open or closed, as you like. 船舱可以随你喜好开或关。
cabin:v.把…关在小屋内; n.(轮船上生活或睡觉的)隔间; (通常为木制的)小屋;
It weighs about 20 tons. 它大概重20吨。
It has on-board generators . 它有自己的发电机。
on-board:adj.在船上的;在车上的;在飞机上的; generators:n.[电]发电机;[计]生成器(generator的复数);
It can generate about a million kilowatts , in order to be bright enough to be visible in daylight. 能够发出大约1百万千瓦的电力, 足够亮得让你 在白天也能看得见。
generate:v.产生;引起; kilowatts:n.[电]千瓦(功率单位);
The idea of it is to make a kind of a traveling show. 这个点子是 做个好象旅游的节目。
It really would be dedicated to the arts and to interacting . 它真的可以用于艺术和互动。
dedicated:adj.献身的; v.把…奉献给; (dedicate的过去分词和过去式) interacting:v.交流;沟通;合作;相互影响;(interact的现在分词)
There would be on board a crew of artists, musicians. 船员可以是艺术家们,音乐家们。
That would allow the thing to become actually kind of a conscious object that would respond to the moment, and to interact as an entity that was aware, that could communicate. 这样飞船就 实际上成为了 能够回复的有思想的物体, 作为一个整体 互动,交流。
conscious:adj.意识到的;故意的;神志清醒的; respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和; entity:n.实体;存在;本质;
It's completely silent and nonpolluting. 这几乎没有噪音也不污染环境。
It has electric motors with a novel propulsion system. 它具有电驱动新型推进系统。
novel:adj.新奇的;异常的;n.小说; propulsion:n.推进;推进力;
It could be interacted with large crowds in different ways. 可以用不同的方式同大众交流。
interacted:v.交流;沟通;合作;相互影响;(interact的过去分词和过去式)
Primarily I would be interested in how it would interact with, say, going to a college campus , and then being used as a way of talking about the earth sciences, the world, the situation of the globe. 我主要的感兴趣的是, 它如何交流,比如说, 大学校区, 或用于研究地球科学, 世界,全球的情况。
Primarily:adv.首先;主要地,根本上; campus:n.(大学)校园;大学,大学生活;校园内的草地;
The default image on the object would probably be a high-resolution Earth image. 物体上的默认图片 大概是高品质的地球图片。
default:n.违约;拖欠;缺席;缺陷;v.违约;拖欠;缺乏;不履行; high-resolution:n.高分辨率;
But the one could interact with that, and show plate tectonics or global warming issues , or migrations -- all of the things that we're concerned with today. 但是它可以通过互动, 显示板块构造或者温室效应,或者迁徙- 我们现在关心的所有问题。
plate tectonics:n.板块运动;板块构造学;大地构造学; global warming:n.全球(气候)变暖;地球大气层变暖; issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数) migrations:[动][地质]迁移; concerned with:关心;涉及;忙于;与…有关;
And then at night the idea is that it would be used as kind of a rave situation, where the people could cut loose , and the music and the lights, and everything. 晚上时, 它用来做锐舞派对, 人们可以放松下来, 听听音乐,欣赏灯光,很多事情。
rave:v.热烈谈论(或书写);奋笔疾书;咆哮;瞎扯;n.(英国)狂欢晚会; loose:adj.宽松的; v.释放; v.松散地; n.放纵;
So it could land in a park, for example. 比如说,它在一个公园着陆。
Or this could represent a college green. 或者可以代表大学城。
And then it would have a corresponding website that would show the itinerary of this. 它还有个相应的网站 说明它的行程。
corresponding:adj.符合的; v.相一致; (correspond的现在分词) itinerary:n.旅程,路线;旅行日程;adj.旅程的;巡回的,流动的;
And so interacting with the same kind of imagery . 还有同样类型的图片随之互动。
imagery:n.像;意象;比喻;形象化;
It would also be able to be an open code, so people could interact with it. 还能够有开放代码, 这样人们也可以与之交流。
It would be forum for people's ideas about what they would like to see on a giant screen of this type. 还可以有个论坛, 讨论人们希望在这个巨大的屏幕上看到什么。
forum:n.论坛,讨论会;法庭;公开讨论的广场; giant:n.巨人;伟人;巨兽;adj.巨大的;特大的
So that's pretty much it. 大概就是这么多吧。
Okay. Thank you. 好啦。谢谢大家。
(Applause) （鼓掌）