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ToddHumphreys_2012X-_如何欺骗一个gps_
Something happened in the early morning hours of May 2nd, 2000, that had a profound effect on the way our society operates. 在2000年5月2号的一大早 发生了一件事,这件事 对我们的社会是如何运作的有着极大的影响。
profound:adj.深厚的;意义深远的;渊博的;
Ironically , hardly anyone noticed at the time. 很讽刺的是,几乎没有人注意到它。
Ironically:adv.讽刺地;说反话地;
The change was silent, imperceptible , unless you knew exactly what to look for. 那个改变是静悄悄的,难以察觉的, 除非你非常清楚要注意什么。
imperceptible:adj.感觉不到的;极细微的;
On that morning, U.S. President Bill Clinton ordered that a special switch be thrown in the orbiting satellites of the Global Positioning System. 那天早上,美国总统比尔.克林顿 命令在全球定位系统（GPS）的轨道卫星中 开启一个特殊的开关。
orbiting:v.[航][天]轨道运行;轨道运动;转圈(orbit的ing形式); Global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
Instantaneously , every civilian GPS receiver around the globe went from errors the size of a football field to errors the size of a small room. 立刻,全球的每一个民用GPS的误差 从足球场那么大 变成了一个小房间那么大。
Instantaneously:adv.即刻;突如其来地; civilian:adj.民用的;百姓的,平民的;n.平民,百姓;
It's hard to overstate the effect that this change in accuracy has had on us. 这个准确度的变化带给我们的影响 怎么强调都不过分。
overstate:vt.夸张;夸大的叙述; accuracy:n.[数]精确度,准确性;
Before this switch was thrown, we didn't have in-car navigation systems giving turn-by-turn directions, because back then, GPS couldn't tell you what block you were on, let alone what street. 在这个开关开启前,我们没有 车载导航系统给我们一个转弯接转弯的指向, 因为在过去,GPS连你在哪个街区都不知道, 更不用说街道了。
in-car:在汽车内使用的; navigation:n.导航;航行;领航; let alone:更不必说;听任;不打扰;
For geolocation, accuracy matters, and things have only improved over the last 10 years. 对地理定位来说,准确度非常重要, 而情况只在过去10年中有所改善。
improved:adj.改良的:v.改进:改善(improve的过去分词和过去式)
With more base stations, more ground stations, better receivers and better algorithms, 随着更多基站、地面接收站的建设, 更好的接收器和算法的发展,
GPS can now not only tell you what street you are on, but what part of the street. GPS现在不仅能告诉你你在哪条街, 还能告诉你你在街道的哪部分。
This level of accuracy has unleashed a firestorm of innovation . 这种程度的准确度 引发了一系列的创新。
unleashed:v.发泄;突然释放;使爆发(unleash的过去分词和过去式) firestorm:n.风暴性大火,大爆发; innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法;
In fact, many of you navigated here today with the help of your TomTom or your smartphone . 事实上,在座的很多人今天都是靠 TomTom或者智能手机的导航摸到这儿的。
navigated:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空; smartphone:n.智能手机;
Paper maps are becoming obsolete . 纸地图变得过时了。
obsolete:adj.废弃的;老式的;n.废词;陈腐的人;vt.淘汰;废弃;
But we now stand on the verge of another revolution in geolocation accuracy. 但现在我们站在地理精确定位的 另一场革命的边缘。
on the verge of:濒临于;接近于; revolution:n.革命;旋转;运行;循环;
What if I told you that the two-meter positioning that our current cell phones and our TomToms give us is pathetic compared to what we could be getting? 如果我告诉你,我们现有的手机和TomTom 给我们的两米定位跟我们接下来能有的 定位系统比逊色得多,你会怎么想？
What if:如果…怎么办? pathetic:adj.可怜的,悲哀的;感伤的;乏味的; compared:adj.比较的,对照的; v.相比; (compare的过去式和过去分词)
For some time now, it's been known that if you pay attention to the carrier phase of the GPS signal, and if you have an Internet connection, then you can go from meter level to centimeter level, even millimeter-level positioning. 相当一段时间以来,我们都知道如果 你注意GPS的载波相位, 而且有网络连接的话, 你的定位精准度可以从米提到高厘米, 甚至毫米。
pay attention to:注意 phase:n.阶段;时期;月相;(月亮的)盈亏;v.分阶段进行;逐步做;
So why don't we have this capability on our phones? 那么为什么我们的手机不能有这种功能？
capability:n.才能,能力;性能,容量;
Only, I believe, for a lack of imagination . 这仅仅是——我认为——缺乏想象力罢了。
imagination:n.想象;想象力;创造力;想象的事物;
Manufacturers haven't built this carrier phase technique into their cheap GPS chips because they're not sure what the general public would do with geolocation so accurate that you could pinpoint the wrinkles in the palm of your hand. 制造商还没有把这种载波相位技术 装进他们便宜的GPS芯片中, 因为他们不确定公众会怎么想, 如果地理定位精确到 你可以精准找到你手掌中的皱纹。
Manufacturers:n.生产者;制造者;生产商;(manufacturer的复数) technique:n.技巧,技术;手法; chips:炸土豆条(chip的复数) general public:n.普通百姓;大众;公众; accurate:adj.精确的; pinpoint:vt.查明; adj.精确的; n.针尖; wrinkles:n.皱纹;皱痕;v.起皱纹;皱起;(使)起皱褶;(wrinkle的第三人称单数和复数) palm:n.手掌;手心;棕榈树;v.把…藏在手中(尤指玩戏法);
But you and I and other innovators , we can see the potential in this next leap in accuracy. 但是你和我和其他的创新者, 我们都能看到这个精准度的再次飞跃的潜能。
innovators:n.创新者;发明家签证;革新消费者(innovator的复数形式); potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的; leap:n.跳越;跳跃;跳高;骤变;v.跳;跳跃;跳越;猛冲;
Imagine, for example, an augmented reality app that overlays a virtual world to millimeter-level precision on top of the physical world. 想象一下,比如说,一个放大现实的应用程序。 它能在现实世界之上 覆盖一个精确到毫米的虚拟世界。
augmented:adj.增广的;增音的;扩张的; overlays:v.覆盖; n.覆盖图; virtual:adj.[计]虚拟的;实质上的,事实上的(但未在名义上或正式获承认); precision:n.精度,[数]精密度;精确;adj.精密的,精确的; physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查;
I could build for you a structure up here in 3D, millimeter accurate, that only you could see, or my friends at home. 我可以在这儿给你造一个3D的结构, 精准到毫米,只有你能看见, 或者只有我在家的朋友能看见。
structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造; millimeter:n.毫米;
So this level of positioning, this is what we're looking for, and I believe that, within the next few years, I predict , that this kind of hyper-precise, carrier phase-based positioning will become cheap and ubiquitous , and the consequences will be fantastic . 这个程度的定位,才是我们想要的, 我相信,在接下来的几年中,我预测, 这种极其精准、基于载波相位的定位 会变得便宜而普及, 其影响将会是无比奇妙的。
predict:v.预报;预言;预告; ubiquitous:adj.普遍存在的;无所不在的; consequences:n.后果,结果;影响(consequence的复数); fantastic:奇异的,空想的
The Holy Grail , of course, is the GPS dot. 圣杯,当然了,就是那个GPS点。
Holy Grail:na.圣杯;
Do you remember the movie "The Da Vinci Code?" 你们记得电影《达芬奇密码》么？
Here's Professor Langdon examining a GPS dot, which his accomplice tells him is a tracking device accurate within two feet anywhere on the globe, but we know that in the world of nonfiction , the GPS dot is impossible, right? 这是Langdon教授在检查一个GPS点, 他的同谋告诉他这是一个跟踪仪器, 能精确到全球任何地方两英尺之内。 但我们知道在真实世界中, GPS点是不可能的,对吧？
accomplice:n.同谋者,[法]共犯; tracking:n.追踪,跟踪;v.跟踪;(track的现在分词) device:n.装置;策略;图案; nonfiction:n.非小说的散文文学;
For one thing , GPS doesn't work indoors , and for another, they don't make devices quite this small, especially when those devices have to relay their measurements back over a network. 问题之一就是,GPS不能在室内工作。 还有一个问题,就是他们造不出这么小的仪器, 特别是当这些仪器需要依靠 后方网络的测量时。
For one thing:首先;一则; indoors:adv.在室内,在户内; devices:n.[机][计]设备;[机]装置;[电子]器件(device的复数); especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; relay:n.接力赛; v.转发(信息、消息等); measurements:n.测量值,尺寸(measurement的复数);
Well, these objections were perfectly reasonable a few years ago, but things have changed. 这些反对意见在几年前是充分合理的, 但现在事情不一样了。
objections:n.反对,异议(objection的复数形式);反对意见; reasonable:adj.合理的,公道的;通情达理的;
There's been a strong trend toward miniaturization , better sensitivity , so much so that, a few years ago, a GPS tracking device looked like this clunky box to the left of the keys. 现在的潮流是往小的造, 往更精确的造。几年前, 一个GPS定位器大小和钥匙左边那个 笨重的盒子差不多。
trend:n.趋势;动向;趋向;动态;v.走向;趋向; miniaturization:n.小型化,微型化; sensitivity:n.敏感;敏感性;过敏; clunky:adj.沉重的;影响不好的;
Compare that with the device released just months ago that's now packaged into something the size of a key fob, and if you take a look at the state of the art 对比一下几个月前刚出的新仪器, 跟钥匙袋差不多大。 如果我们再来看看最先进的完整的GPS接收器,
released:v.释放;使免除;已发布;(release的过去分词和过去式) take a look at:看一看;检查; state of the art:adj.最先进的;已经发展的;达到最高水准的;
for a complete GPS receiver, which is only a centimeter on a side and more sensitive than ever, you realize that the GPS dot will soon move from fiction to nonfiction. 它边长只有一厘米, 比以往都更灵敏。 我们就会意识到,GPS点将很快 从虚构变成现实。
sensitive:adj.敏感的;感觉的;易受影响的;n.敏感的人;有灵异能力的人;
Imagine what we could do with a world full of GPS dots. 想象一下如果我们生活在一个满是GPS点的世界里会怎么样。
It's not just that you'll never lose your wallet or your keys anymore, or your child when you're at Disneyland . 不仅仅是我们再也不会丢钱包丢钥匙了, 或者在迪士尼公园把小孩搞丢了。
Disneyland:迪士尼乐园
You'll buy GPS dots in bulk , and you'll stick them on everything you own worth more than a few tens of dollars. 我们会成批量地买GPS点,把它们贴到 我们所有的价值超过几十美元的东西上。
bulk:n.大部分;主体;(大)体积;大(量);v.扩展;增大;堆积起来;形成大块;
I couldn't find my shoes one recent morning, and, as usual, had to ask my wife if she had seen them. 不久前一个早上,我找不到我的鞋子了。 和往常一样,我只好问我妻子有没有看见我的鞋子。
But I shouldn't have to bother my wife with that kind of triviality . 但我不应该用这种小事来麻烦我妻子。
bother:v.烦扰,打扰;使…不安;操心,麻烦;n.麻烦;烦恼; triviality:n.浅薄,轻浮;琐事;平凡;
I should be able to ask my house where my shoes are. 我应该能问我的房子,我的鞋子在哪里。
(Laughter) （笑）
Those of you who have made the switch to Gmail, remember how refreshing it was to go from organizing all of your email to simply searching it. 在座的改用Gmail的人, 你们还记得从整理你们的所有邮件 到简单地搜索邮件,那感觉是多么得耳目一新么？
organizing:v.组织;安排;处理;分配;管理;(organize的现在分词)
The GPS dot will do the same for our possessions . GPS点会为我们的财产做同样的事。
possessions:n.拥有;个人财产;私人物品;控球状态;(possession的复数)
Now, of course, there is a flip side to the GPS dot. 当然,GPS点也有不好的一面。
flip side:反面;
I was in my office some months back and got a telephone call. 几个月前,我在我的办公室里, 接到一个电话。
The woman on the other end of the line, we'll call her Carol , was panicked . 电话另一头的女士,我们管她叫Carol, 非常惊慌。
Carol:v.欢乐地歌唱;唱耶诞颂歌;n.颂歌,赞美诗;欢乐之歌; panicked:v.(使)惊慌,惊慌失措;(panic的过去分词和过去式)
Apparently , an ex-boyfriend of Carol's from California had found her in Texas and was following her around. 很显然,Carol的一个来自加州的前男友 在德州找到了她,然后一直跟着她不放。
Apparently:adv.显然地;似乎,表面上; ex-boyfriend:n.前男友;
So you might ask at this point why she's calling you. 你可能会问,那她给你打电话干吗。
Well, so did I. 好吧,我也问了同样的问题。
But it turned out there was a technical twist to Carol's case. 原来在Carol的事件中有个技术上的难题。
technical:adj.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的; twist:v.捻;扭转;曲折;扭动;n.捻;拧;扭动;搓;
Every time her ex-boyfriend would show up, at the most improbable times and the most improbable locations , he was carrying an open laptop , and over time Carol realized that he had planted a GPS tracking device on her car, so she was calling me for help to disable it. 每次她的前男友出现, 在最不合适的时间和最不合适的地点, 他都带着一台开着的笔记本电脑。 一段时间后,Carol意识到他在她车上 放了一个GPS跟踪器。 她打电话给我,希望我能把跟踪器拆了。
at the most:至多,不超过; improbable:adj.不大可能的,未必确实的;不可信的; locations:n.地方;地点;位置;定位(location的复数) laptop:n.便携式电脑;笔记本电脑; disable:vt.使失去能力;使残废;使无资格;
'"Well, you should go to a good mechanic and have him look at your car," I said. “你应该找一个好的技工, 让他看下你的车。”我说。
mechanic:n.技工,机修工;adj.手工的;
'"I already have," she told me. “我已经找过了。”她告诉我。
'"He didn't see anything obvious , and he said he'd have to take the car apart piece by piece." “他没找到任何明显的东西, 他说除非他把车一块儿一块儿地拆了。”
obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的;
'"Well then, you'd better go to the police," I said. “那么,你最好去见警察。”我说。
'"I already have," she replied. “我已经见过了。”她回答。
'"They're not sure this rises to the level of harassment , and they're not set up technically to find the device." “他们不确定这是否构成骚扰, 而且他们在技术上无能为力,找不到跟踪器。”
harassment:n.骚扰;烦恼;
'"Okay, what about the FBI?" “好吧,联邦调查局怎么样？”
'"I've talked to them too, and same story." “我也问过他们了,同样的故事。”
We then talked about her coming to my lab and us performing a radio sweep of her car, but I wasn't even sure that would work, given that some of these devices are configured to only transmit when they're inside safe zones or when the car is moving. 我们接下来谈到让她到我的实验室, 给她的车做个无线电扫描。 但我甚至不确定这有没有用, 因为有些跟踪器的设置是 只有它们在安全区、或只有在车移动时 才会传输信号。
performing:adj.表演的;演奏的;v.做;执行;演出;运转(perform的现在分词) configured:adj.配置; v.使…成形; transmit:v.传送;发射;播送;传播;传染;
So, there we were. 好吧,问题出现了。
Carol isn't the first, and certainly won't be the last, to find herself in this kind of fearsome environment, worrisome situation caused by GPS tracking. Carol不是第一个,也肯定不会是最后一个, 处于因GPS跟踪而造成的 可怕的情形中的人。
fearsome:adj.可怕的;害怕的;极大的; worrisome:adj.令人烦恼的,令人不安的;麻烦的;
In fact, as I looked into her case, 事实上,在我研究她的事件时,
I discovered to my surprise that it's not clearly illegal for you or me to put a tracking device on someone else's car. 我很吃惊地发现,在别人的车上装跟踪仪器 并没有被明确得规定为非法行为。
illegal:adj.不合法的;非法的;n.非法移民;非法劳工;
The Supreme Court ruled last month that a policeman has to get a warrant if he wants to do prolonged tracking, but the law isn't clear about civilians doing this to one another, 最高法院上个月判决,一个警察如果要延长对某个人的跟踪时。 必须得到授权。 但是法律没有明确规定平民这样做会如何。
Supreme Court:最高法院; warrant:n.依据;许可证;执行令;授权令;v.使有必要;使正当;使恰当; prolonged:adj.长期的;持久的;v.延长(prolong的过去分词和过去式); civilians:n.平民;市民;文官;无军职人员;(civilian的复数)
so it's not just Big Brother we have to worry about, but Big Neighbor. (Laughter) 我们要担心的不仅仅是“老大哥”, 还有“老大邻居”。（笑）
There is one alternative that Carol could have taken, very effective . It's called the Wave Bubble . Carol可选的另一个做法会非常有效。 它叫做电波气泡。
alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择; effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象; Bubble:n.泡;气泡;肥皂泡;一点感情;v.起泡;冒泡;洋溢着(某种感情);
It's an open-source GPS jammer , developed by Limor Fried, a graduate student at MIT, and Limor calls it "a tool for reclaiming our personal space." 它是个开放源码的GPS干扰, 是Limor Fried研发的。 Limor是麻省理工的一个研究生,她把它叫做 “一个收回我们的私人空间的工具”。
open-source:adj.(计算机)开放源代码; jammer:n.干扰发射机;U型钢丝芯撑; reclaiming:v.取回;拿回;要求归还;开垦,利用;荒漠化;(reclaim的现在分词) personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词;
With a flip of the switch you create a bubble around you within which GPS signals can't reside . 一旦开启开关,你就在你的周围创造了一个气泡, GPS信号进不了这个气泡。
reside:vi.住,居住;属于;
They get drowned out by the bubble. 它们被气泡排除在外。
drowned:v.(使)淹死,溺死;浸透;淹没;浸泡;(drown的过去分词和过去式)
And Limor designed this, in part, because, like Carol, she felt threatened by GPS tracking. Limor设计这个东西的原因之一就是,像Carol一样, 她觉得GPS跟踪是个很大的威胁。
Then she posted her design to the web, and if you don't have time to build your own, you can buy one. 她把她的设计发布到了网上。 如果你没有时间自己造一个的话, 你可以买一个。
Chinese manufacturers now sell thousands of nearly identical devices on the Internet. 中国的制造商现在在网上出售 成千的几乎一模一样的仪器。
identical:adj.同一的;完全相同的;n.完全相同的事物;
So you might be thinking, the Wave Bubble sounds great. 你也许会想,电波气泡听起来棒极了。我应该买一个。
I should have one. Might come in handy if somebody ever puts a tracking device on my car. 如果有人在我的车上放个跟踪器,这个气泡就派上大用场了。
handy:adj.便利的;手边的,就近的;容易取得的;敏捷的;
But you should be aware that its use is very much illegal in the United States. 但你需要知道,使用气泡在美国 是违法的。
United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式)
And why is that? 为什么呢？
Well, because it's not a bubble at all. 因为它根本不是一个气泡。
Its jamming signals don't stop at the edge of your personal space or at the edge of your car. 它的干扰信号并不限于 你的私人空间或你的车。
They go on to jam innocent GPS receivers for miles around you. (Laughter) 它们还干扰到你周围数英里的无辜的GPS接收器。（笑）
innocent:adj.无辜的;无罪的;无知的;n.天真的人;笨蛋;
Now, if you're Carol or Limor, or someone who feels threatened by GPS tracking, it might not feel wrong to turn on a Wave Bubble, but in fact, the results can be disastrous . 如果你是Carol或Limor, 或是受GPS跟踪威胁的某个其他人, 开启电波气泡也许并不感觉不妥, 但事实是,其结果将是灾难性的。
disastrous:adj.灾难性的;损失惨重的;悲伤的;
Imagine, for example, you're the captain of a cruise ship trying to make your way through a thick fog and some passenger in the back turns on a Wave Bubble. 想象一下,假设你是一艘游轮的船长, 你试图在大雾中找到方向。 这时游轮上某个乘客开启了气泡。
cruise:v.巡航;乘船游览;慢速行驶,巡行;猎艳;n.航行;乘船游览; passenger:n.旅客;乘客;白吃饭的人;闲散人员;
All of a sudden your GPS readout goes blank, and now it's just you and the fog and whatever you can pull off the radar system if you remember how to work it. 突然之间,你的GPS读数一片空白, 只剩下你和雾, 和你能从雷达系统中得到的随便什么东西, 如果你还记得怎么使用雷达系统。
All of a sudden:突然地,出乎意料地; readout:n.读出;读出器; radar:n.雷达;
They -- in fact, they don't update or upkeep lighthouses anymore, and LORAN, the only backup to GPS, was discontinued last year. 他们——事实上,他们早已不再更新和保养灯塔了, LORAN,GPS的唯一备用, 在去年停止了。
update:vt.使现代化;更新;n.现代化;更新的信息; upkeep:n.维持;维修费;保养; lighthouses:n.灯塔(lighthouse的复数形式); backup:n.后援;增援;(文件等的)备份;adj.后补的;支持性的;伴奏的; discontinued:adj.停止使用的;不连续的;v.停止;中断(discontinue的过去分词);
Our modern society has a special relationship with GPS. 我们的现代社会和GPS有个特别的关系。
We're almost blindly reliant on it. 我们几乎是盲目地依赖它。
blindly:adv.盲目地;轻率地;摸索地; reliant:adj.依赖的;可靠的;信赖的;
It's built deeply into our systems and infrastructure . 它深深地被建入到我们的系统和设施中。
infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造;
Some call it "the invisible utility ." 一些人管它叫“看不见的工具”。
invisible:adj.看不见的;n.看不见的人或物; utility:n.公用事业;实用;实用程序;adj.多用途的;多效用的;
So, turning on a Wave Bubble might not just cause inconvenience . 所以说,开启一个电波气泡造成的可能不止是不便。
inconvenience:n.不便;麻烦;困难;带来不便者;;v.给(某人)造成不便(或带来麻烦);
It might be deadly . 其后果可能是致命的。
deadly:adj.致命的;非常的;死一般的;adv.非常;如死一般地;
But as it turns out, for purposes of protecting your privacy at the expense of general GPS reliability , there's something even more potent and more subversive than a Wave Bubble, and that is a GPS spoofer . 但事实上是,为了保护个人隐私 而牺牲普通GPS的可靠性, 有一个比电波气泡更有效、 更颠覆性的东西, 它就是GPS欺骗器。
privacy:n.隐私;秘密;隐居;隐居处; at the expense of:以…为代价;由…支付费用; reliability:n.可靠性; subversive:adj.破坏性的;从事颠覆的;n.危险分子;颠覆分子; spoofer:n.哄骗者;诱骗设备;幽默讽刺诗文的作者;
The idea behind the GPS spoofer is simple. GPS欺骗器背后的原理很简单。
Instead of jamming the GPS signals, you fake them. 它不发射干扰信号,它发射假信号。
fake:n.假货;骗子;假动作;v.捏造;假装…的样子;adj.伪造的;
You imitate them, and if you do it right, the device you're attacking doesn't even know it's being spoofed . 你模仿这些信号,如果你做得好的话, 你攻击的仪器甚至都不知道它被骗了。
imitate:v.模仿;仿效;模仿(某人的讲话、举止);作滑稽模仿; spoofed:vt.哄骗; vi.行骗; n.诳骗; adj.哄骗的;
So let me show you how this works. 我来给大家展示一下它是怎么工作的。
In any GPS receiver, there's a peak inside that corresponds to the authentic signals. 任何GPS接收器中都有一个高峰, 它对应的是真实的信号。
peak:n.高峰; v.达到高峰; adj.最高度的; corresponds:v.相一致;符合;类似于;相当于;通信;(correspond的第三人称单数) authentic:adj.真正的,真实的;可信的;
These three red dots represent the tracking points that try to keep themselves centered on that peak. 这三个红点代表跟踪点, 它们会尽量地保持在高峰中央。
represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送;
But if you send in a fake GPS signal, another peak pops up, and if you can get these two peaks perfectly aligned , the tracking points can't tell the difference, 但如果你发射一个假GPS信号, 另一个高峰就出现了。如果你能让这两个高峰 完全重合,跟踪点就分别不出差别,
peaks:n.山顶;峰巅(peak的复数); aligned:adj.对齐的;均衡的;v.结盟(align的过去式);使成一直线;
and they get hijacked by the stronger counterfeit signal, with the authentic peak getting forced off. 它们就被更强的假信号劫持了, 真实的信号被逼走了。
hijacked:劫持;强行控制; counterfeit:vt.伪造,仿造; vi.仿造; n.赝品; adj.假冒的,伪造的;
At this point, the game is over. 到这会儿游戏就结束了。
The fake signals now completely control this GPS receiver. 假信号完全控制了GPS接收器。
So is this really possible? 这真得可能么？
Can someone really manipulate the timing and positioning of a GPS receiver just like that, with a spoofer? 有人真得能用一个欺骗器, 控制一个GPS接收器的时间和位置, 就像图中那样？
manipulate:vt.操纵;操作;巧妙地处理;篡改;
Well, the short answer is yes. 简单的回到是,可以。
The key is that civil GPS signals are completely open. 问题的关键是,民用GPS信号 是完全开放的。
They have no encryption . They have no authentication . 它们没有加密。它们没有验证。
encryption:n.加密;加密术; authentication:n.证明;鉴定;证实;
They're wide open, vulnerable to a kind of spoofing attack. 它们完全开放,对欺骗性的攻击完全没有抵抗力。
vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的; spoofing:n.电子欺骗;哄骗;v.哄骗;戏弄;嘲讽(spoof的ing形式);
Even so, up until very recently , nobody worried about GPS spoofers. 即使这样,直到最近, 还没有人担心过GPS欺骗器这回事儿。
recently:adv.最近;新近;
People figured that it would be too complex or too expensive for some hacker to build one. 人们知道,造这样一个欺骗器 太复杂,或者太贵。
complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; hacker:n.电脑黑客,企图不法侵入他人电脑系统的人;
But I, and a friend of mine from graduate school , we didn't see it that way. 但是我,和我同一个研究生院毕业的朋友, 我们不这么认为。
graduate school:研究所,研究院;
We knew it wasn't going to be so hard, and we wanted to be the first to build one so we could get out in front of the problem and help protect against GPS spoofing. 我们知道它不会很难, 我们想成为最先造欺骗器的人。 这样我们就可以走在问题前面, 打击不良GPS欺骗。
protect against:使免受;
I remember vividly the week it all came together. 我清晰地记得我们成功的那一周。
vividly:adv.生动地;强烈地;
We built it at my home, which means that 我们在家里造了一个欺骗器。
I got a little extra help from my three-year-old son Ramon. 我三岁的儿子Ramon帮了我点儿小忙。
extra:adj.额外的:n.额外的事物:adv.额外:另外:
Here's Ramon — (Laughter) — looking for a little attention from Dad that week. 这是Ramon——（笑）—— 他那个星期一直在试图得到爸爸的关注。
At first, the spoofer was just a jumble of cables and computers, though we eventually got it packaged into a small box. 起初,我们的欺骗器只是一堆电线, 还有电脑,虽然最后我们把它 装进了一个小盒子里。
jumble:n.混乱;杂乱的一堆东西;vi.混杂;搀杂;vt.使混乱;搞乱; cables:n.缆绳;钢索;电缆;电报;v.发电报;(cable的第三人称单数和复数) eventually:adv.最后,终于;
Now, the Dr. Frankenstein moment, when the spoofer finally came alive and I glimpsed its awful potential, came late one night when I tested the spoofer against my iPhone. 科学怪人一刻—— 当欺骗器终于成真, 我瞥见了它的可怕潜力, 在我拿欺骗器对着我的iPhone实验时 在一个深夜——成为了现实。
Frankenstein:n.毁灭创造者自己之物;作法自毙的人; finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; glimpsed:v.瞥见;看一眼;开始认识到(glimpse的过去分词和过去式)
Let me show you some actual footage from that very first experiment. 我来给大家展示几个第一次实验的 真实片段。
footage:n.英尺长度;连续镜头;以尺计算长度;
I had come to completely trust this little blue dot and its reassuring blue halo . 我完全信任这个蓝色小点, 和它周围令人放心的光晕。
reassuring:adj.安心的;可靠的;鼓气的;v.使放心(reassure的现在分词); halo:n.光环;荣光;v.使有晕轮;围以光环;成晕轮;
They seemed to speak to me. 它们好像是在对我说话。
They'd say, "Here you are. Here you are." (Laughter) 它们会说:“你在这儿。你在这儿。”（笑）
And "you can trust us." 和“你可以相信我们。”
So something felt very wrong about the world. 这个世界感觉不太对劲。
It was a sense, almost, of betrayal , when this little blue dot started at my house, and went running off toward the north leaving me behind. I wasn't moving. 那种感觉几乎是一种背叛, 当这个小蓝点从我家开始 往北跑, 把我抛在后面。我没有动。
betrayal:n.背叛;辜负;暴露;
What I then saw in this little moving blue dot was the potential for chaos . 我接下来在这个移动的小蓝点中看到的 是潜伏的混乱。
chaos:n.混沌,混乱;
I saw airplanes and ships veering off course, with the captain learning only too late that something was wrong. 我看到飞机和轮船偏离航线,而机长和船长 发现事情不对劲时已为时太晚。
airplanes:n.(美)[航]飞机(airplane的复数); veering:adj.犹豫的; n.顺时针转向; v.转变方向;
I saw the GPS-derived timing of the New York Stock Exchange being manipulated by hackers . 我看到依靠GPS衍生的 纽约证券交易所时间 被黑客控制。
Stock Exchange:n.证券交易(所);股票交易(所); manipulated:v.(暗中)控制,操纵,影响;使用;治疗脱臼;(manipulate的过去式和过去分词) hackers:n.黑客,骇客;电脑黑客(hacker的复数);
You can scarcely imagine the kind of havoc you could cause if you knew what you were doing with a GPS spoofer. 我们根本想象不到我们能造成的肆虐, 如果我们有一个GPS欺骗器, 而且知道怎么用它。
scarcely:adv.几乎不,简直不;简直没有; havoc:n.大破坏;浩劫;蹂躏;v.严重破坏;损毁;
There is, though, one redeeming feature of the GPS spoofer. 然而,GPS欺骗器确实有 将功赎罪的作用。
redeeming:v.补救;弥补;改变印象;维护;拯救;(redeem的现在分词)
It's the ultimate weapon against an invasion of GPS dots. 它是对付GPS点入侵的最终武器。
ultimate:adj.最终的;极限的;根本的;n.终极;根本;基本原则; invasion:n.武装入侵;侵略;侵犯;涌入;干预;
Imagine, for example, you're being tracked . 想象一下,假设你被攻击了。
tracked:v.跟踪;追踪;(track的过去分词和过去式)
Well, you can play the tracker for a fool, pretending to be at work when you're really on vacation. 你可以愚弄攻击者一番。 你假装在工作,实际上你在度假。
tracker:n.拉纤者,纤夫;追踪系统,[自]跟踪装置;追踪者;
Or, if you're Carol, you could lure your ex-boyfriend into some empty parking lot where the police are waiting for him. 或者,如果你是Carol,你可以把你的前男友 骗到一个空荡荡的停车场, 只有警察在那里等候他。
lure:n.诱惑;饵;诱惑物;v诱惑;引诱; parking lot:n.停车场;
So I'm fascinated by this conflict , a looming conflict , between privacy on the one hand and the need for a clean radio spectrum on the other. 这个冲突,这个开始隐现的冲突,让我十分着迷。 一方面,我们想要隐私。 另一方面,我们需要清晰的电波谱。
conflict:n.冲突;矛盾;争执;抵触;v.抵触; looming:v.人惊恐地隐现;显得突出;逼近(loom的现在分词) on the one hand:一方面; spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象;
We simply cannot tolerate GPS jammers and spoofers, and yet, given the lack of effective legal means for protecting our privacy from the GPS dot, can you really blame people for wanting to turn them on, for wanting to use them? 我们不能就这样纵容GPS干扰器和欺骗器。 但是,想到人们缺失有效的法律手段 来保护自己的隐私免遭GPS点的侵害, 我们真的能谴责想开启它们、 想使用它们的人么？
tolerate:v.容忍;忍受;容许;包容; jammers:干扰发射台;
I hold out hope that we'll be able to reconcile this conflict with some sort of, some yet uninvented technology . 我满怀希望,相信我们能够运用某种技术, 某种还待开发的技术, 来解决这个冲突。
reconcile:v.使和谐一致;调和;使配合;使和解;妥协; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
But meanwhile , grab some popcorn, because things are going to get interesting. 与此同时,拿些爆米花,准备看好戏吧, 因为事情开始变得非常有趣。
meanwhile:adv.同时,其间;n.其间,其时; grab:v.攫取;霸占;将…深深吸引;n.攫取;霸占;夺取之物;
Within the next few years, many of you will be the proud owner of a GPS dot. 在接下来的几年中, 在座的许多都会成为骄傲的GPS点拥有者。
Maybe you'll have a whole bag full of them. 也许你会有一整袋的GPS点。
You'll never lose track of your things again. 我们再也不会找不到东西了。
lose track of:失去联系;不能跟上…的发展;
The GPS dot will fundamentally reorder your life. GPS点基本上记录着我们的生活。
fundamentally:adv.从根本上;基础地;重要地 reorder:vt.再订购;重新整理;vi.再订购;n.再订购;
But will you be able to resist the temptation to track your fellow man? 但是我们能经受住 跟踪他人的诱惑么？
resist:v.抵制;阻挡;反抗;回击;抵抗;忍住;n.防染剂;防蚀用涂料;防腐剂; temptation:n.诱惑;引诱;煽诱人的事物;
Or will you be able to resist the temptation to turn on a GPS spoofer or a Wave Bubble to protect your own privacy? 或者,我们能经受住 开启GPS欺骗器或电波气泡 来保护我们的隐私的诱惑么？
So, as usual, what we see just beyond the horizon is full of promise and peril . 像往常一样,我们看到前方地平线 充满了希望和危险。
horizon:n.地平线;(欲望、知识或兴趣的)范围; peril:n.危险;冒险;vt.危及;置…于险境;
It'll be fascinating to see how this all turns out. 整个事情最后会变成什么样将会非常有趣。
fascinating:adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的;v.深深吸引;迷住;(fascinate的现在分词)
Thanks. (Applause) 谢谢。（掌声）