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TalGolesworthy_2011X-_我是如何修复了我自己的心脏_
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| I'm a process engineer. |
我是一个工艺工程师。 |
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process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
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| I know all about boilers and incinerators and fabric filters and cyclones and things like that, but I also have Marfan syndrome . |
我知道所有锅炉和焚烧炉的一切, 包括像织物过滤器和旋风分离器一样的东西。 但是我也患有马凡氏综合征 |
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boilers:n.[动力]锅炉(boiler的复数); incinerators:n.(垃圾)焚化炉;(incinerator的复数) fabric:n.织物;布料;(社会,机构等的)结构; filters:n.过滤器; v.过滤; (filter的第三人称单数和复数) cyclones:n.[气象]旋风;[化工]旋风分离器(cyclone的复数); syndrome:n.[临床]综合征;综合症状;并发症状;校验子;并发位;
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| This is an inherited disorder . |
这是一种遗传性疾病 |
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inherited:v.继承(金钱、财产等);接替(责任等);继任;(inherit的过去式和过去分词) disorder:n.混乱;骚乱;vt.使失调;扰乱;
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| And in 1992 |
1992年开始 |
| I participated in a genetic study and found to my horror , as you can see from the slide, that my ascending aorta was not in the normal range, the green line at the bottom. |
我参加了一个基因研究 正向你们在幻灯片中看到的,我惊恐的发现, 我的主动脉压不在一个正常值范围内 下面的绿色区域是正常值。 |
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participated:v.参加;参与;(participate的过去式和过去分词) genetic:adj.基因的;遗传学的; horror:n.恐惧;厌恶;震惊;对某事物的强烈畏惧(或憎恨); as you can see:正如你所看到的;你是知道的; ascending:adj.上升的;v.上升;获得(ascend的ing形式);追溯; aorta:n.[解剖]主动脉;
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| Everyone in here will be between 3.2 and 3.6 cm. |
在这儿的所有人都应该在3.2到3.6厘米之内 |
| I was already up at 4.4. |
而我的则在4.4。 |
| And as you can see, my aorta dilated progressively , and I got closer and closer to the point where surgery was going to be necessary. |
向你所看到的, 我的动脉扩张速度越来越快。 手术也越来越 成为必要的治疗。 |
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dilated:v.扩大;(使)膨胀,扩张;(dilate的过去分词和过去式) progressively:adv.渐进地;日益增多地; surgery:n.外科;外科手术;手术室;诊疗室;
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| The surgery on offer was pretty gruesome -- anesthetize you, open your chest, put you on an artificial heart and lung machine, drop your body temperature to about 18 centigrade , stop your heart, cut the aorta out, |
手术非常可怕 - 首先将麻醉你,打开你的腹腔 将你转换上人工心肺机器, 将你的体温降低到到18摄氏度, 停止你的心跳,切除大动脉, |
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gruesome:adj.可怕的;阴森的; anesthetize:vt.使麻醉(anaesthetize);使麻痹; artificial:adj.人造的;仿造的;虚伪的;非原产地的;武断的; centigrade:adj.摄氏的;[仪]摄氏温度的;百分度的;
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| replace it with a plastic valve and a plastic aorta, and, most importantly, commit you to a lifetime of anticoagulation therapy , normally warfarin . |
用一个塑料瓣膜和大动脉取代, 而最重要的是, 你将一生都需要接受使用华法林 的抗凝治疗。 |
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valve:n.阀;[解剖]瓣膜;真空管;活门;v.装阀于;以活门调节; commit:v.犯(罪等);干(坏事等);[法]提(审);判处; anticoagulation:n.抗凝作用; therapy:n.治疗,疗法; normally:adv.正常地;通常地,一般地; warfarin:n.华法令阻凝剂;杀鼠灵;
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| The thought of the surgery was not attractive . |
采取手术的方法不是我所愿意的 |
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attractive:adj.吸引人的;有魅力的;引人注目的;
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| The thought of the warfarin was really quite frightening . |
而需要使用华法林治疗的想法 是真的很可怕。 |
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frightening:adj.可怕的;骇人的;引起恐惧的;v.使惊吓;使惊恐(frighten的现在分词)
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| So I said to myself, I'm an engineer, I'm in R and D, this is just a plumbing problem. |
所以我对自己说,我是一名搞研究开发的工程师, 而这只是一个管道的问题。 |
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plumbing:n.管路系统;水暖工的工作;v.探索;钻研;探究;(plumb的现在分词)
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| I can do this. I can change this. |
我可以这样做。我可以更改此设置。 |
| So I set out to change the entire treatment for aortic dilation . |
所以我开始 改变整个治疗 主动脉扩张的方法 |
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treatment:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论; aortic:adj.大动脉的; dilation:n.扩张,扩大;膨胀;详述;
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| The project aim is really quite simple. |
项目的目的是很简单的。 |
| The only real problem with the ascending aorta in people with Marfan syndrome is it lacks some tensile strength. |
马凡氏综合征的人的 升主动脉的真正问题 是它缺乏一些拉力。 |
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tensile:adj.[力]拉力的;可伸长的;可拉长的;
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| So the possibility exists to simply externally wrap the pipe. |
所以简单的在管道的外层包装 的可能性是存在的。 |
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externally:adv.外部地;外表上,外形上; wrap:v.缠绕;隐藏;掩护;包起来;缠绕;穿外衣;n.外套;围巾;
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| And it would remain stable and operate quite happily. |
这样它便会保持稳定并且很好的发挥作用。 |
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stable:n.马厩;牛棚;adj.稳定的;牢固的;坚定的;vi.被关在马厩;赶入马房;
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| If your high-pressure hose pipe, or your high-pressure hydraulic line, bulges a little, you just wrap some tape around the outside of it. |
如果您的高压软管 或您的高压液压线,变涨一点, 您只需要在它的外部缠绕一些胶带。 |
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high-pressure:adj.高压的;高气压的;强行的;v.对…施加压力;强制; hose:n.塑料管;(旧时的)男式紧身裤;v.用软管输水冲洗(或浇水); hydraulic:adj.液压的;水力的;水力学的; bulges:n.凸起;膨胀(bulge的复数);v.凸出;膨胀(bulge的第三人称单数形式);
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| It really is that simple in concept, though not in execution . |
概念上来说,它真的就这么简单, 但实行上却恰恰相反。 |
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execution:n.执行,实行;完成;死刑;
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| The great advantage of an external support for me was that I could retain all of my own bits, all of my own endothelium and valves , and not need any anticoagulation therapy. |
外部支持对我来说最大的好处是 我可以保留所有我自己的身体部分, 所有我自己的内皮细胞和瓣膜, 并且不需要任何的抗凝治疗。 |
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advantage:n.有利条件:优势:优点: retain:v.保留;保持;持有;继续拥有; endothelium:n.[解剖]内皮;内覆组织; valves:n.[机]阀门; v.装阀于…;
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| So where do we start? |
所以我们从哪里开始？ |
| Well this is a sagittal slice through me. |
好,这是我的矢状切片。 |
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sagittal:adj.[动]箭头形的;矢状的,弧矢的; slice:n.片; v.切成片; (很容易地)切开;
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| You could see in the middle that device , that little structure , squeezing out. |
你可以看到在中间 有个很小的结构在往外压挤。 |
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device:n.装置;策略;图案; structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造; squeezing:v.挤压;捏;榨出,挤出,拧出;(squeeze的现在分词)
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| Now that's a left ventricle pushing blood up through the aortic valve -- you can see two of the leaflets of the aortic valve working there -- up into the ascending aorta. |
这是左心室 通过主动脉阀挤压血液 - 你能看到两个的主动脉瓣的工作 — 到升大动脉。 |
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ventricle:n.室;心室;脑室; leaflets:传单;
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| And it's that part, the ascending aorta, which dilates and ultimately bursts , which, of course, is fatal . |
就是这一部分升大动脉 不停的扩张并最终破裂, 造成致命的后果。 |
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dilates:v.扩大,详述(dilate第三人称单数);膨胀; ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究; bursts:[天]爆发;破裂(burst的第三人称单数); fatal:adj.致命的;灾难性的;毁灭性的;导致失败的;
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| We started by organizing image acquisition from magnetic resonance imaging machines and CT imaging machines from which to make a model of the patient 's aorta. |
我们开始通过核磁共振成像仪器和 电脑断层扫描来 采集图像, 为病人的制造主动脉的 模型。 |
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organizing:v.组织;安排;处理;分配;管理;(organize的现在分词) acquisition:n.获得物,获得; magnetic:adj.像磁铁的;有磁性的;磁的;富有吸引力的; resonance:n.[力]共振;共鸣;反响; imaging:n.[物]成像;造像;v.反映;想像;作…的像;象征;(image的现在分词形式) patient:adj.有耐心的,能容忍的;n.病人;患者;
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| This is a model of my aorta. |
这是一个我的主动脉模型。 |
| I've got a real one in my pocket, if anyone would like to look at it and play with it. |
我也带着一个真模型, 如果任何人想看看它,玩玩它。 |
| You can see, it's quite a complex structure. |
你可以看到,它是相当复杂的结构。 |
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complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施;
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| It has a funny trilobal shape at the bottom, which contains the aortic valve. |
在它的底部有一个有趣的三叶形形状, 其中包含主动脉瓣。 |
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trilobal:n.三叶形;
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| It then comes back into a round form and then tapers and curves off. |
接着它慢慢变成了圆形, 然后逐渐变细。 |
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tapers:n.锥体; v.使逐渐减少; curves:n.曲线; v.(使)沿曲线运动; (curve的第三人称单数和复数)
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| So it's quite a difficult structure to produce. |
所以它是一个相当难生产的 结构。 |
| This, like I say, is a CAD model of me, and this is one of the later CAD models. |
就像我说的,这是一个 CAD 模型, 这是之后众多的CAD模型之一 |
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CAD:n.无赖,下流人;下流男子,卑鄙的男人;
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| We went through an iterative process of producing better and better models. |
我们经历了一个生产更好和更好的模型 的迭代过程。 |
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iterative:adj.[数]迭代的;重复的,反复的;n.反复体;
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| When we produced that model we turn it into a solid plastic model, as you can see, using a rapid prototyping technique , another engineering technique. |
当我们制作这个模型的时候 我们把它变成一个实体的塑料模型 正如您所看到的 利用快速成型技术, 另一种工程技术。 |
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prototyping:n.[计]样机研究;原型设计; technique:n.技巧,技术;手法; engineering:n.工程;工程学;v.密谋策划;设计制造;改变…的基因;(engineer的现在分词)
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| We then use that former to manufacture a perfectly bespoke porous textile mesh , which takes the shape of the former and perfectly fits the aorta. |
然后,我们使用它 来制造完全订制的 以之前的模型为形状的 完全适合大动脉的 多孔纺织网。 |
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manufacture:v.(用机器)大量生产; n.大量制造; bespoke:adj.定做的;预定的;vt.预约,显示出; porous:adj.多孔渗水的;能渗透的;有气孔的; textile:n.纺织品;纺织业; mesh:n.网格;网状物;陷阱;困境;圈套;v.(使)吻合,相配,匹配,适合;
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| So this is absolutely personalized medicine at its best really. |
因此,这是完完全全的 最好的个体化医疗。 |
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absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地; personalized:v.在…上标明主人姓名; (personalize的过去分词和过去式)
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| Every patient we do has an absolutely bespoke implant . |
我们的每一个病患 都有一个完全為他们订制的植入物。 |
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implant:vt.种植;灌输;嵌入;n.[医]植入物;植入管;vi.被移植;
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| Once you've made it, the installation's quite easy. |
一旦你做好它,安装很容易。 |
| John Pepper , bless his heart, professor of cardiothoracic surgery -- never done it before in his life -- he put the first one in, didn't like it, took it out, put the second one in. |
John Pepper, 胸心外科教授 - 从未做过这个手术 - 他植入第一个后,不喜欢它,把它取出来,又植入了第二个。 |
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Pepper:n.胡椒;辣椒;胡椒粉;v.加胡椒粉于;使布满;
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| Happy, away I went. |
然后我开心的离开了。 |
| Four and a half hours on the table and everything was done. |
手术桌上的四个半小时,所有事情都完成了。 |
| So the surgical implantation actually was the easiest part. |
所以外科植入其实是最容易的部分。 |
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surgical:adj.外科的;外科手术的; implantation:n.移植;灌输;鼓吹;
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| If you compare our new treatment to the existing alternative , the so-called composite aortic root graft , there are one of two startling comparisons , which I'm sure will be clear to all of you. |
如果你比较一下我们的疗程和现有的替代方法, 所谓的复合主动脉根部移植物, 会有两个令人吃惊的比较, 明显的展现在各位眼前。 |
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compare:v.比较;对比;n.比较; alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择; so-called:adj.所谓的;号称的; composite:n.复合材料;合成物;菊科;adj.复合的;合成的;菊科的;vt.使合成;使混合; graft:vi.移植; vt.移植; n.移植; n.(非正式)脚踏实地地埋头苦干; startling:adj.惊人的;让人震惊的;极鲜亮的;v.使惊吓;使吓一跳;(startle的现在分词) comparisons:n.比较;类似(comparison的复数形式);处于对比状态;
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| Two hours to install one of our devices compared to six hours for the existing treatment. |
植入我们的设备需要两个小时 而现有的治疗需要 六个小时。 |
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install:v.安装;设置;安置;建立(程序); devices:n.[机][计]设备;[机]装置;[电子]器件(device的复数); compared:adj.比较的,对照的; v.相比; (compare的过去式和过去分词)
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| The existing treatment requires, as I've said, the heart and lung bypass machine and it requires a total body cooling. |
正如我说的,现有的替代治疗需要 人工心肺机器, 并需要完全的人体冷却。 |
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bypass:vt.绕开;忽视;设旁路;迂回;n.旁路;[公路]支路;
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| We don't need any of that; we work on a beating heart. |
我们不需要任何这些设备;我们在治疗一个跳动的心脏 |
| He opens you up, he accesses the aorta while your heart is beating, all at the right temperature. |
他打开你的胸腔,在适当的温度下, 在你心脏跳动的时候接触到你的主动脉。 |
| No breaking into your circulatory system. |
你的血液循环系统也不需要被打断。 |
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circulatory:adj.循环的;
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| So it really is great. |
所以真的非常好。 |
| But for me, absolutely the best point is there is no anticoagulation therapy required. |
但对我来说,最好的一点 是完全不需要抗凝治疗。 |
| I don't take any drugs at all other than recreational ones that I would choose to take. |
我根本不需要使用任何药品, 除了我选择吃的消遣性的药物。 |
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recreational:adj.娱乐的,消遣的;休养的;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| And in fact, if you speak to people who are on long-term warfarin, it is a serious compromise to your quality of life. |
事实上,如果你和那些在长期进行华凡林治疗的人交谈, 它对你的生活质量有着严重的损害。 |
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long-term:adj.长期的;从长远来看; compromise:n.妥协;折中;互让;和解;v.妥协;违背(原则);达不到(标准);使陷入危险;
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| And even worse, it inevitably foreshortens your life. |
更糟的是, 它不可避免的缩短你的生命。 |
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inevitably:adv.不可避免地;必然地;
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| Likewise , if you have the artificial valve option , you're committed to antibiotic therapy whenever you have any intrusive medical treatment at all. |
同样,如果您选择了人工瓣膜, 当你接受任何有侵犯性的治疗的时候, 你都需要使用抗生素疗程。 |
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Likewise:adv.同样地;也; option:n.选择;可选择的东西; committed:adj.坚信的; v.做出错事; (commit的过去分词和过去式) antibiotic:adj.抗生的;抗菌的;n.抗生素,抗菌素; intrusive:adj.侵入的;打扰的;
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| Even trips to the dentist require that you take antibiotics , in case you get an internal infection on the valve. |
甚至于连去牙医都需要使用抗生素, 来预防任何的瓣膜的内部感染。 |
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antibiotics:n.抗菌素;抗生素(如青霉素);(antibiotic的复数) internal:n.内脏;本质;adj.内部的;里面的;体内的;(机构)内部的; infection:n.感染;传染;(身体某部位的)感染;传染病;
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| Again, I don't have any of that, so I'm entirely free. |
再次,我完全没有以上的担忧,所以我是完全自由的。 |
| My aorta is fixed, I haven't got to worry about it, which is a rebirth for me. |
我的主动脉已经治好了,我不需要担心它 这对我来说是一个重生。 |
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rebirth:n.再生;复兴;
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| Back to the theme of the presentation : |
回到演讲的主题: |
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presentation:n.展示;描述,陈述;介绍;赠送;
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| In multidisciplinary research, how on earth does a process engineer used to working with boilers end up producing a medical device which transforms his own life? |
在多学科研究领域内, 一个习惯与锅炉打交道的工艺工程师是怎样 建造了一个医疗设备 并改变了自己的生命？ |
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multidisciplinary:adj.有关各种学问的; transforms:v.[数][电]变换; n.语法转化规则;
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| Well the answer to that is a multidisciplinary team. |
答案就是一个跨领域的团队。 |
| This is a list of the core team. |
这是核心团队的名单。 |
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core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核;
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| And as you can see, there are not only two principal technical disciplines there, medicine and engineering, but also there are various specialists from within those two disciplines. |
就像你所看到的, 它不仅仅包括了两个大的领域, 医学和工程学, 也包括了这两种领域中的 各种专业人员。 |
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principal:adj.主要的;资本的;n.首长;校长;资本;当事人; technical:adj.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的; disciplines:n.[管理]纪律(discipline的复数); v.训导;
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| John Pepper there was the cardiac surgeon who did the actual work on me, but everyone else there had to contribute one way or another. |
John Pepper 是给我做手术的心脏外科医生。 而这里面的每个人都做出了一定的贡献。 |
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cardiac:n.强心剂;强胃剂;adj.心脏的;心脏病的;贲门的; surgeon:n.外科医生; contribute:v.贡献,出力;投稿;捐献;
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| Raad Mohiaddin, medical radiologist : |
Raad Mohiaddin,医疗放射学家: |
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radiologist:n.放射线研究者;
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| We had to get good quality images from which to make the CAD model. |
我们需要获取高质量的图像 来制作 CAD 模型。 |
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images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数)
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| Warren Thornton, who still does all our CAD models for us, had to write a bespoke piece of CAD code to produce this model from this really rather difficult input data set. |
沃伦 · 桑顿仍为我们做我们所有的 CAD 模型。 它需要为每一个预订的模型 从比较生涩的输入数据库中 写一个特殊的 CAD 编码。 |
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Warren:n.养兔场;大杂院;拥挤的地区; input:n.投入; v.把(数据等)输入计算机;
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| There are some barriers to this though. There are some problems with it. |
尽管这样还有一些困难和问题存在。 |
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barriers:n.障碍;栅栏;篱笆墙(barrier的复数形式);
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| Jargon is a big one. |
行业术语是个大问题。 |
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Jargon:n.行话,术语;黄锆石;
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| I would think no one in this room understands those four first jargon points there. |
我认为在这个房间里没有人懂 这四个行业术语的意思。 |
| The engineers amongst you will recognize rapid prototyping and CAD. |
你们之中的工程师 知道快速成型和 CAD。 |
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amongst:prep.在…之中;在…当中(等于among); recognize:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;
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| The medics amongst you, if there are any, will recognize the first two. |
你们当中的医生可能认识前两个。 |
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medics:n.医学工作者;苜蓿(medic的复数);
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| But there will be nobody else in this room that understands all of those four words. |
但这个房间里没有任何一个人 知道全部四个。 |
| Taking the jargon out was very important to ensure that everyone in the team understood exactly what was meant when a particular phrase was used. |
将行业术语剔除 对确保团队中的每个人都能 在一个词条被使用时 明白它的意思,非常重要。 |
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ensure:vt.保证,确保;使安全;
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| Our disciplinary conventions were funny as well. |
我们行业习惯的不同也非常的有趣。 |
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conventions:n.[法]惯例;会议;[计]约定(convention的复数);
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| We took a lot of horizontal slice images through me, produced those slices and then used those to build a CAD model. |
我们做了很多我的水平切片图像 生产这些切片,然后使用它们建立 CAD 模型。 |
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horizontal:n.水平线;水平面;横线;水平位置;adj.水平的;与地面平行的;横的; slices:n.切片,切割(slice的复数形式);v.切成薄片(slice的三单形式);
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| And the very first CAD model we made, the surgeons were playing with the plastic model, couldn't quite figure it out. |
我们的第一个CAD模型 外科医生们在把玩了这个塑料模型后, 都搞不明白是怎么回事。 |
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surgeons:n.外科医生;(surgeon的复数)
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| And then we realized that it was actually a mirror image of the real aorta. |
然后我们意识到这是实际上一个真正的主动脉 的镜像图像。 |
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mirror image:n.镜像;映像;反像;
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| And it was a mirror image because in the real world we always look down on plans, plans of houses or streets or maps. |
它是一个镜像图像, 因为在现实世界中我们总是向下看规划图, 房子或街道的规划图。 |
| In the medical world they look up at plans. |
在医学中我们向上看 |
| So the horizontal images were all an inversion . |
所以那些水平图像都反转了。 |
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inversion:n.倒置;反向;倒转;
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| So one needs to be careful with disciplinary conventions. |
所以每个人都需要注意行业的习惯。 |
| Everyone needs to understand what is assumed and what is not assumed. |
每个人都需要了解 什么是假设了的,什么没有被假设。 |
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assumed:adj.假定的;假设的;v.假定;假设;认为;承担;(assume的过去分词和过去式)
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| Institutional barriers were another serious headache in the project. |
制度性障碍 在项目中是另一个让人头痛的问题。 |
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Institutional:adj.制度的;
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| The Brompton Hospital was taken over by Imperial College's School of Medicine, and there are some seriously bad relationship problems between the two organizations . |
布朗普顿医院被 帝国学院医学院的医学院接管了, 而两个组织之间 有一些严重的关系问题。 |
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Imperial:adj.帝国的;皇帝的;至高无上的;威严的;n.纸张尺寸;特等品; organizations:n.组织,构造,有机体(organization的复数);组织机构;
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| I was working with Imperial and the Brompton, and this generated some serious problems with the project, really problems that shouldn't exist. |
我在和帝国和布朗普顿工作, 这就产生了一些严重的问题, 真的不应该存在的问题。 |
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generated:v.产生;引起;(generate的过去式和过去分词)
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| Research and ethics committee : If you want to do anything new in surgery, you have to get a license from your local research and ethics. |
研究与伦理委员会: 如果你想做任何新的手术, 你要从您的本地研究和伦理获得许可证。 |
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ethics:n.伦理学;伦理观;道德标准; committee:n.委员会; license:v.许可;批准;
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| I'm sure it's the same in Poland . |
我确信在波兰也是这样的。 |
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Poland:n.波兰(欧洲国家);
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| There will be some form of equivalent , which licenses new types of surgery. |
会有某些相同的模式, 颁发新的的手术许可证。 |
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equivalent:adj.等价的,相等的;同意义的;n.等价物,相等物; licenses:n.许可(license的复数);授权;v.允许(license的三单形式);
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| We didn't only have the bureaucratic problems associated with that, was also had professional jealousies . |
我们不是仅遇到了官僚主义的问题 也遭到了一些同行的猜忌。 |
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bureaucratic:adj.官僚的;官僚政治的; associated:adj.有关联的; v.联想; (associate的过去分词和过去式) professional:adj.专业的;职业的;职业性的;n.专业人员;职业运动员; jealousies:n.嫉妒;猜忌;戒备;
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| There were people on the research and ethics committee who really didn't want to see John Pepper succeed again, because he's so successful. |
有些研究和伦理委员会的人 不希望看到John Pepper再次成功, 因为他已经是如此的成功, |
| And they made extra problems for us. |
并且他们为我们设置更多的问题和麻烦。 |
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extra:adj.额外的:n.额外的事物:adv.额外:另外:
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| Bureaucratic problems: |
官僚主义的问题: |
| Ultimately when you have a new treatment you have to have a guidance note going out for all of the hospitals in the country. |
当你有一个新的治疗方法的时候 你必须给国内的每一个医院寄出一个 指导书。 |
| In the U.K. we have the National Institute for Clinical Excellence , NICE. |
在英国,我们有国家卫生医疗质量标准署,NICE。 |
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Institute:v.开始(调查);制定;创立;提起(诉讼);n.学会,协会;学院; Clinical:adj.临床的;诊所的; Excellence:n.优秀;美德;长处;
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| You'll have an equivalent in Poland, no doubt. |
毫无疑问,波兰也有相似的机构。 |
| We had to get past the NICE problem. |
我们必须在NICE过关。 |
| We now have a great clinical guidance out on the Net. |
我们现在在网上有一个很好的临床指导书。 |
| So any of the hospitals interested can come along, read the NICE report get in touch with us and then get doing it themselves. |
所以任何有兴趣的医院 可以来看NICE的报告 与我们取得联系,然后可以自己运行。 |
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in touch with:同…有联系,和…有接触;
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| Funding barriers: |
资金壁垒: |
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Funding:n.基金;资金;提供资金;v.为…提供资金;拨款给;(fund的现在分词)
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| Another big area to be concerned with . |
要关注的另一个重要领域。 |
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concerned with:关心;涉及;忙于;与…有关;
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| A big problem with understanding one of those perspectives : |
理解这些情况的时候,一个大的问题是 |
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perspectives:n.[数]透视,远景,看法;构面;观点展示(perspective的复数形式);
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| When we first approached one of the big U.K. charitable organizations that funds this kind of stuff , what they were looking at was essentially an engineering proposal . |
当我们第一次接触 一个大的英国提供这类资助的慈善机构 他们看到的从根本上是一个工程提议。 |
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approached:v.走近;临近;探讨;建议;(approach的过去分词和过去式) charitable:adj.慈善事业的;慷慨的,仁慈的;宽恕的; funds:n.[会计]资金,现金(fund的复数);基金;v.资助(fund的三单形式);提供资金; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本: essentially:adv.本质上;本来; proposal:n.提议,建议;求婚;
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| They didn't understand it; they were doctors, they were next to God. |
他们都不懂它 ;他们是医生,他们就在上帝的身边。 |
| It must be rubbish. They binned it. |
所以它一定是垃圾。他们把它丢弃一边。 |
| So in the end I went to private investors and I just gave up on it. |
所以最终我去找了私人投资者 并且我放弃了那些机构。 |
| But most R and D is going to be institutionally funded , by the Polish Academy of Sciences or the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council or whatever, and you need to get past those people. |
但大多数的 研究开发项目的资金来源都是 由波兰科学院 在工程和物理研究院的机构提供, 和您需要获得这些人的同意。 |
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institutionally:制度的;惯例的;规定的; funded:adj.提供资金的;v.提供资金;积存;提供资金偿付的本息;(fund的过去式); Polish:n.磨光,擦亮;擦亮剂;优雅,精良;v.磨光,使发亮;使完美;改进;adj.波兰的; Academy:n.学院;研究院;学会;专科院校; Physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查; Council:n.(市、郡等的)政务委员会;市政(或地方管理)服务机构;
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| Jargon is a huge problem when you're trying to work across disciplines, because in an engineering world, we all understand CAD and R.P. -- not in the medical world. |
当你尝试着跨领域工作时,行业术语是一个大问题。 因为在工程世界里, 我们都了解 CAD 和 R.P.— 而医疗世界并不明白。 |
| I suppose ultimately the funding bureaucrats have really got to get their act together. |
我想最终筹资的官僚们一定要开始有所作为, |
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suppose:v.推断:假定:假设:设想: bureaucrats:官僚;
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| They've really got to start talking to each other, and they've got to exercise a bit of imagination , if that's not too much to ask -- which it probably is. |
开始和其他的机构沟通, 开始用一点想象力, 如果这不是过分的要求 — 虽然它很可能是。 |
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imagination:n.想象;想象力;创造力;想象的事物;
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| I've coined a phrase " obstructive conservatism ." |
我已经创造了一个短语 阻碍性保守 。 |
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obstructive:adj.阻碍的;妨碍的;n.妨碍物;障碍物; conservatism:n.保守主义;守旧性;
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| So many people in the medical world don't want to change, particularly not when some jumped-up engineer has come along with the answer. |
医学世界里很多人都不想改变, 尤其是当一个工程师莫名其妙的跳出来并带来了答案。 |
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particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; jumped-up:adj.暴发的;自大的;
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| They don't want to change. |
他们不想改变。 |
| They simply want to do whatever they've done before. |
他们只是想做他们之前做过的。 |
| And in fact, there are many surgeons in the U.K. |
事实上,有很多外科医生在英国 |
| still waiting for one of our patients to have some sort of episode , so that they can say, "Ah, I told you that was no good." |
仍在等待我们的病人中的一两个 发生一些小插曲 这样,他们可以说, 啊,我告诉你那不好。 |
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patients:n.接受治疗者,病人;(patient的复数) episode:n.一段经历;片段,插曲;一集;
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| We've actually got 30 patients. |
我们在 7 年半的时间里, |
| I'm at seven and a half years. |
有过30个病人。 |
| We've got 90 post-op patient years between us, and we haven't had a single problem. |
所有的病患手术后加起来的时间有90年, 但我们没有发生过一个问题。 |
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post-op:n.变性人;手术后;
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| And still, there are people in the U.K. saying, "Yeah, that external aortic root, yeah, it'll never work, you know." |
尽管如此,仍然在英国有人说 哦,那是外部的主动脉支撑啊,是啊,它永远不会有效。 |
| It really is a problem. It really is a problem. |
这真的是一个问题。这真的是一个问题。 |
| I'm sure everyone in this room has come across arrogance amongst medics, doctors, surgeons at some point. |
我相信在这个房间里的每个人在某种程度上都遇到过 医务、 医生、 外科医生的傲慢。 |
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come across:偶然遇见;给人以…的印象; arrogance:n.自大;傲慢态度;
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| The middle point is simply the way that the doctors protect themselves. |
这仅仅是 医生们保护自己的方法。 |
| '"Yeah, well of course, I'm looking after my patient." |
是啊,当然,我在保护我的病人。 |
| I think it's not good, but there you are, that's my view. |
我认为这不好,但你是这样的,这就是我的看法。 |
| Egos , of course, again, a huge problem |
自负,当然,这也是一个巨大的问题。 |
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Egos:n.自我(ego的复数);
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| If you're working in a multidisciplinary team, you've got to give your guys the benefit of the doubt . |
当你在一个跨领域的团队里面工作, 你必须对你的同事疑中留情, |
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the benefit of the doubt:暂且相信;姑且信之;
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| You've got to express support for them. |
必须要对他们表示支持。 |
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express:v.表达; adj.特快的; n.特快列车; v.使用快速服务;
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| Tom Treasure, professor of cardiothoracic surgery: incredible guy. |
Tom Treasure,心胸外科教授: 一个令人难以置信的家伙。 |
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incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的;
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| Dead easy to give him respect. |
非常容易给他尊重。 |
| Him giving me respect? Slightly different. |
淡他给我尊重呢？这就稍有不同了。 |
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Slightly:adv.些微地,轻微地;纤细地;
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| That's all the bad news. |
这些都是不好的消息。 |
| The good news is the benefits are stonkingly huge. |
好消息便是它的益处非常的大。 |
| Translate that one. I bet they can't. |
翻译这个。我敢打赌他们不能。 |
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Translate:v.翻译;被翻译;被译成;(使)转变; bet:n.打赌;赌注;预计;估计;v.下赌注(于);用…打赌;敢说;八成儿;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| When you have a group of people who have had a different professional training, a different professional experience, they not only have a different knowledge base, but they have a different perspective on everything. |
当你有一群 得到了不同专业训练和职业经验的人, 他们不仅有不同的知识储备, 也对每个事物都有不同的观点。 |
| And if you can bring those guys together and you can get them talking and understanding each other, the results can be spectacular . |
如果你可以把这些人聚集在一起 并让他们开始交流和理解对方, 结果将会是非常棒的。 |
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spectacular:adj.壮观的;壮丽的;令人惊叹的;n.壮观的场面;精彩的表演;
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| You can find novel solutions, really novel solutions, that have never been looked at before very, very quickly and easily. |
您可以找到新的解决方案,真正的新解决方案, 那种从没有看到过的, 非常、 非常的容易和快。 |
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novel:adj.新奇的;异常的;n.小说;
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| You can shortcut huge amounts of work simply by using the extended knowledge base you have. |
只需你能使用这些延长的知识库, 你可以减少很多的工作。 |
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shortcut:n.近路;捷径;快捷方式(图标); extended:adj.延长了的;扩展了的;v.使伸长;扩大;扩展;(extend的过去式和过去分词)
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| And as a result , it's an entirely different use of the technology and the knowledge around you. |
结果便是 一个完全不同的使用科技和 你周围的知识的方式。 |
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as a result:结果; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
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| The result of all this is that you can get incredibly quick progress on incredibly small budgets . |
这一切的结果便是 你可以以很小的预算 获得很快的进展。 |
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incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; budgets:n.[财政]预算(budget复数形式);v.为…做预算(budget的第三人称单数形式);
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| I'm so embarrassed at how cheap it was to get from my idea to me being implanted that I'm not prepared to tell you what it cost. |
我对我为从我的想法变成现实 花了那么少的钱而感到羞愧, 所以我并不打算告诉你们我花了多少。 |
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embarrassed:adj.尴尬的;窘迫的;v.使...局促不安;(embarrass的过去分词和过去式) implanted:植入的;
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| Because I suspect there are absolutely standard surgical treatments probably in the USA which cost more for a one-off patient than the cost of us getting from my dream to my reality. |
因为我怀疑, 在美国有着完全 常规性的手术疗程, 在一个病患上的成本, 都比我从我的梦想 到现实 花费的更多。 |
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suspect:n.犯罪嫌疑人;v.怀疑;不信任;adj.可疑的; standard:n.标准;水准;旗;度量衡标准;adj.标准的;合规格的;公认为优秀的; treatments:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论;(treatment的复数) one-off:n.一次性事物;adj.一次性的;
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| That's all I want to say, and I've got three minutes left. |
这就是我想说的,我还剩三分钟。 |
| So Heather's going to like me. |
所以 Heather 会喜欢我。 |
| If you have any questions, please come up and talk to me later on. |
如果您有任何疑问,请之后和我联系。 |
| It would be a pleasure to speak with you. Many thanks. |
能和你们交流时我荣幸。非常感谢！ |