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StanleyMcChrystal_2011-_聆听，学习_才能领导_
10 years ago, on a Tuesday morning, 十年前,周二的早上
I conducted a parachute jump at Fort Bragg, North Carolina . 我在北卡罗纳州的Fort Bragg讲述跳伞
conducted:v.组织;安排;实施;执行;指挥;带领;引导;(conduct的过去分词和过去式) parachute:n.降落伞;vi.跳伞;空投; Fort:n.堡垒;要塞;(美)边界贸易站;v.设要塞保卫;构筑要塞; Carolina:n.卡罗莱纳州(在美国东南部);
It was a routine training jump like many more I'd done since I became a paratrooper 27 years before. 这是一次例行的跳伞练习 像我以往做过的很多的培训一样 自从我成为专业的跳伞者后 27年之前
paratrooper:n.伞兵;
We went down to the airfield early because this is the Army and you always go early. 我们很早就来到飞机场 因为在军队 你需要很早出行
airfield:n.飞机场;
You do some routine refresher training, and then you go to put on your parachute and a buddy helps you. 你做了一些例行的恢复训练 接着你背上你的跳伞包 ,一个伙伴会帮你
refresher:n.可提神的人或物;补习课程;清凉饮料;增加报酬;adj.专业性复习进修的; buddy:n.伙伴,好朋友;密友;小男孩;v.做好朋友,交朋友;
And you put on the T10 parachute. 你背上T10的跳伞包
And you're very careful how you put the straps , particularly the leg straps because they go between your legs. 你要很小心绑上安全皮带 尤其是腿的皮带 因为你需要绑在你两腿之间
straps:n.[机]皮带(strap的复数); v.用带捆扎; particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; go between:n.媒人;中间人;媒介者;
And then you put on your reserve , and then you put on your heavy rucksack . 接着穿上你的后备装置,接着背上你很重的帆布包
reserve:n.储备,储存; vt.储备; vi.预订; rucksack:n.帆布背包;
And then a jumpmaster comes, and he's an experienced NCO in parachute operations. 接着跳伞专家也来了 他是在跳伞操作方面很有经验的NCO
He checks you out, he grabs your adjusting straps, and he tightens everything so that your chest is crushed , your shoulders are crushed down, and, of course, he's tightened so your voice goes up a couple octaves as well. 他来跟你做检查,他拿着你调整安全皮带 接着他绑紧所有东西 所以你的胸部有些挤压感 你肩膀也被压住 当然,因为他绑得很紧 所以你的声音会提高几个八度
grabs:n.链钩(grab的复数);v.抓取;捕获(grab的第三人称单数); adjusting:v.调整;调节;适应;习惯;(adjust的现在分词) tightens:vt.变紧;使变紧;vi.绷紧;变紧; crushed:v.压坏;压伤;挤压变形;(crush的过去分词和过去式) tightened:v.(使)变紧,更加牢固;使更加严格;加强(tighten的过去分词和过去式) octaves:n.八度(octave的复数);
Then you sit down, and you wait a little while, because this is the Army. 接着你坐下来,等一段时间 因为这是军队里
Then you load the a ircraf t , and then you stand up an d you get on, and you kind of lumber to the a ircraf t like this -- in a line of people -- and you sit down on canvas seats on either side of the a ircraf t. 接着要把你装到飞机里, 你站起来上飞机 你在飞机中好像木头一样,人们排成了一列 你坐在分列在飞机两旁的帆布座位上
And you wait a little bit longer, because this is the Air Force teaching the Army how to wait. 你要等候较长一段时间 因为空军会告诉军队如何去等待
Air Force:n.空军;
Then you take off. 接着你就起飞了
And it's painful enough now -- and I think it's designed this way -- it's painful enough so you want to jump. 这已经足够痛苦了 我想就是这样设计的 这非常痛苦 你很想跳下去
painful:adj.痛苦的;疼痛的;令人不快的;
You don't really want to jump, but you want out. 你不是真的想跳下去 你只是想离开
So you get in the aircraft, you're flying along, and at 20 minutes out, these jumpmasters start giving you commands. 所以当你进入到飞机 你需要一直飞行 接着20分钟过后 这些跳伞专家就会给你命令
They give 20 minutes -- that's a time warning. 他们给你20分钟——这是时间的提醒
You sit there, okay. 你做在那里, 好的
Then they give you 10 minutes. 接着他们给你10分钟的提醒
And of course, you're responding with all of these. 当然, 你要对这些做出回答
responding:v.响应;作出反应;反应灵敏;(respond的现在分词)
And that's to boost everybody's confidence , to show that you're not scared. 这是为了建立每一个人的信心,告诉你不要害怕
boost:n.提高;增长;帮助;激励;v.使增长;使兴旺;偷窃; confidence:n.信心;信任;秘密;adj.(美)诈骗的;骗得信任的;
Then they give you, "get ready." 他们给你提示,“准备好了。”
Then they go, " Outboard personnel , stand up." 接着他们说,“外舱的人员,请站起来。”
Outboard:adj.外侧的,靠近外侧的:adv.向船外: personnel:n.人事部门;全体人员;adj.人员的;有关人事的;
If you're an outboard personnel, now you stand up. 如果你是外舱的人员,你就要站起来。
If you're an inboard personnel, stand up. 如果你是内舱的人员,站起来。
inboard:adj.内侧的;舷内的;adv.在船内;向内;
And then you hook up, and you hook up your static line. 你要用钩挂住,你钩在固定的拉线上。
hook:n.钩;挂钩;鱼钩;钓钩;v.挂住;箍住;钓(鱼);打曲线球; static:adj.静止的; n.[物]静电(干扰);
And at that point, you think, "Hey, guess what? 在那一刻,你想:“接下来会发生什么事情了？”
I'm probably going to jump. 我很可能准备跳下去。
There's no way to get out of this at this point." 但在这一刻你绝对不能这样就跳出去。“
You go through some additional checks, and then they open the door. 你需要做额外的一些检查,接着他们打开舱门。
additional:adj.附加的,额外的;
And this was that Tuesday morning in September, and it was pretty nice outside. 这就是九月里那个周二的早上 外面都非常好
So nice air comes flowing in. 新鲜的空气吹进来
The jumpmasters start to check the door. 跳伞专家开始检查舱门
And then when it's time to go, a green light goes and the jumpmaster goes, "Go." 到了起跳的时候 会出现一道绿光 接着跳伞专家会喊,”开始。“
The first guy goes, and you're just in line, and you just kind of lumber to the door. 第一个人跳下去了,你只需排着队。 你就像木头一样靠在门边
Jump is a misnomer; you fall. 跳是一个不恰当的名字,确实来说你是掉下去
You fall outside the door, you're caught in the slipstream . 你从舱门掉下去 你被气流接住
slipstream:n.气流;冲流;
The first thing you do is lock into a tight body position -- head down in your chest, your arms extended , put over your reserve parachute. 你第一个件事是锁定一个固定的身体姿势 你的胸部朝下,你的手臂展开 放在你预先准备的伞包
extended:adj.延长了的;扩展了的;v.使伸长;扩大;扩展;(extend的过去式和过去分词)
You do that because, 27 years before, an airborne sergeant had taught me to do that. 你做这样的事,是因为在27年前 一个空军警官让我这样做
airborne:adj.[航]空运的;空气传播的;风媒的; sergeant:n.军士;警察小队长;海军陆战队中士;高等律师;
I have no idea whether it makes any difference, but he seemed to make sense , and I wasn't going to test the hypothesis that he'd be wrong. 我并不知道这样是否会产生什么不同 但他却使得这个很有道理 我并不想做实验去证明他的假设是错的
I have no idea:我没有头绪…; make sense:有意义;讲得通;言之有理; hypothesis:n.假设;
And then you wait for the opening shock for your parachute to open. 接着你等待着开伞那一刻 那强劲的冲击
If you don't get an opening shock, you don't get a parachute -- you've got a whole new problem set. 如果你没有碰到这个冲击力,你可能没有带降落伞 或者你遇上了一连串新的问题
But typically you do; typically it opens. 但通常伞都会正常打开
typically:adv.代表性地;作为特色地;
And of course, if your leg straps aren't set right, at that point you get another little thrill . 当然,如果你的腿的皮带扣得不对 此时你又会又是一阵紧张
thrill:n.兴奋感;兴奋;激动;v.使非常兴奋;使非常激动;
Boom . 很大一声
Boom:n.繁荣;吊杆;v.激增;繁荣昌盛;轰鸣;轰响;adj.(美)猛涨起来的;
So then you look around, your under canopy and saying, "This is good." 接着你四处去看 你所属的长官会说:“这不错。”
canopy:n.天篷;华盖;遮篷;苍穹;vt.用天蓬遮盖;遮盖;
Now you prepare for the inevitable . 现在 你要为不可避免的事情做准备
inevitable:adj.必然的,不可避免的;
You are going to hit the ground. 你现在准备撞到地上
You can't delay that much. 你不能耽误太多
And you really can't decide where you hit very much, because they pretend you can steer , but you're being delivered. 实际上你不能决定哪里你撞得最厉害 因为他们假想你可以驾控 但事实上你是被送到地上的
steer:v.引导;控制;操纵;驾驶(船、汽车等);n.建议;劝告;忠告;阉公牛;
So you look around, where you're going to land, you try to make yourself ready. 你四处去看,哪里是你着陆的地方 你希望你自己能做好准备
And then as you get close, you lower your rucksack below you on a lowering line, so it's not on you when you land, and you prepare to do a parachute landing fall. 但当你越接近的时候,在下降的过程中你把你的背包置于你之下 所以当你着陆时 它并不在身上 你需要准备打开降落伞然后降落
Now the Army teaches you to do five points of performance -- the toes of your feet, your calves , your thighs , your buttocks and your push-up muscles . 接着部队会教你 五个部位的动作 你的脚趾头 你的小腿,你的大腿 你的屁股和你的支撑肌肉
performance:n.性能;表现;业绩;表演; toes:n.脚趾;足尖部;有…脚趾的;v.用脚尖走;(toe的第三人称单数和复数) calves:n.小牛; v.生小牛; thighs:n.大腿;股;食用的鸡(等的)大腿;(thigh的复数) buttocks:n.臀部; v.用过背摔摔出对手(buttock的第三人称单数); push-up:n.俯卧撑;模面挤凹; muscles:n.肌肉(muscle的复数);
It's this elegant little land, twist and roll. 这是一个优雅轻微的着陆,连翻代转
elegant:adj.高雅的,优雅的;讲究的;简炼的;简洁的; twist:v.捻;扭转;曲折;扭动;n.捻;拧;扭动;搓;
And that's not going to hurt. 者将不会造成伤害
In 30-some years of jumping, I never did one. 但在30年的跳伞经历中,我并没有成功作过
(Laughter) （笑声）
I always landed like a watermelon out of a third floor window. 我总是像在3楼扔下的西瓜一样降落
watermelon:西瓜
(Laughter) （笑声）
And as soon as I hit, the first thing I did is I'd see if I'd broken anything that I needed. 只要我着地 第一件事我会做的是看看我是否打烂了我的必需品
as soon as:一…就;
I'd shake my head, and I'd ask myself the eternal question: "Why didn't I go into banking?" 我会晃脑袋 问自己一个恒久的问题: “为什么我没有进入到银行业？”
eternal:adj.永恒的;不朽的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
And I'd look around, and then I'd see another paratrooper, a young guy or girl, and they'd have pulled out their M-4 carbine and they'd be picking up their equipment. 我爱四处去看 我喜欢看其他跳伞人员 年轻男女 他们需要拿出他们M-4的卡宾枪 接着他们需要拿走他们的设备
carbine:n.卡宾枪;
They'd be doing everything that we had taught them. 他们需要做所有的事情 我们教授他们的
And I realized that, if they had to go into combat , they would do what we had taught them and they would follow leaders. 我意识到 如果他们需要战斗 他们会作我们所有教他们的 他们会服从领导的安排
combat:v.战斗;防止;减轻;与…搏斗;n.战斗;搏斗;打仗;
And I realized that, if they came out of combat, it would be because we led them well. 我发现到,如果他们结束战争之后, 会是怎样,因为我们领导得很好
And I was hooked again on the importance of what I did. 我再次被我做的事情的重要性迷住了
hooked:adj.弯曲的; v.(使)钩住,挂住; (hook的过去分词和过去式)
So now I do that Tuesday morning jump, but it's not any jump -- that was September 11th 2001. 所以在周二早上我跳的那一次 但这不是任何一次跳伞—— 是在2001年九月11日
And when we took off from the airfield, America was at peace. 当我们从机场起飞,美国当时还一片平静
When we landed on the drop-zone, everything had changed. 当我在预定着陆区域着陆,所有东西都改变了
And what we thought about the possibility of those young soldiers going into combat as being theoretical was now very, very real -- and leadership seemed important. 我们所想到的是 很多年轻士兵进入到战争的可能性 从理论上说 这是非常非常真实的 领导力显得很重要
theoretical:adj.理论的;理论上的;假设的;推理的;
But things had changed -- 但是很多东西改变了
I was a 46 year-old brigadier general . 我是46岁准将
brigadier general:准将;
I'd been successful, but things changed so much that I was going to have to make some significant changes -- and on that morning, I didn't know it. 我曾经取得成功 但很多事情已经改变 我需要做出一些显著的改变 在那一个早上,我并不知道
significant:adj.重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的;n.象征;有意义的事物;
I was raised with traditional stories of leadership: 我在很多传统的关于领导力的故事所熏陶下成长
traditional:传统的,惯例的,
Robert E. Lee, John Buford at Gettysburg . Robert E.Lee, John Buford在葛斯底堡
Gettysburg:n.葛底斯堡(美国一城市名);
And I also was raised with personal examples of leadership. 我同样受到了 一些关于个人领导力的例子的熏陶
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词;
This was my father in Vietnam. 这是我的父亲在越南
And I was raised to believe that soldiers were strong and wise and brave and faithful -- they didn't lie, cheat, steal or abandon their comrades. 我从小的培养就相信 士兵是强壮和智慧的 是勇敢和忠诚的 他们不会说谎,欺骗和偷盗 或者被战友所遗弃
faithful:n.信徒;adj.忠于;忠实的;正确的;忠贞的; abandon:n.狂热;放任;v.遗弃;放弃;
And I still believe real leaders are like that. 而我一直相信领导者就是这样的
But in my first 25 years of career , 但在我职业生涯头25个年头中
career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历;
I had a bunch of different experiences. 我获得了很多不同的经历
a bunch of:一群;一束;一堆;
One of my first battalion commanders , 我第一个战事中的一个指挥官
battalion:n.营,军营;军队,部队; commanders:n.指挥官(commander的复数);
I worked in his battalion for 18 months and the only conversation he ever had with Lt. McChrystal was at mile 18 of a 25-mile road march, and he chewed my ass for about 40 seconds. 我在他的营部工作了18个月 他唯一和McChrystal中将的谈话 是在25英里的行军中走到18英里的时候 他严厉斥责我大约40秒
And I'm not sure that was real interaction . 我不肯定这是否一个真正意义上的互动
interaction:n.[计]交互,相互作用;相互交流;干扰;
But then a couple of years later, when I was a company commander, 但几年过去以后,当我是一个连队的指挥官时
I went out to the national training center. 我去了全国训练中心
And we did an operation, and my company did a dawn attack -- you know, the classic dawn attack: you prepare all night, move to the line of departure . 我们布置了一个行动 我的连队做了一个黎明攻击 你知道,经典的黎明攻击 你需要整晚准备,来到了出发的地方
dawn:n.黎明;开端;vt.破晓;出现;被领悟; classic:n.名著;优秀的典范;adj.最优秀的;第一流的;有代表性的;典型的; departure:n.离开;出发;违背;
And I had an armored organization at that point. 当时我拥有一个有装甲的团队
armored:adj.装甲的; organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体;
We move forward, and we get wiped out -- 我们按计划行动, 我们被全歼了
I mean, wiped out immediately. 我是说立刻被全歼了
The enemy didn't break a sweat doing it. 敌人没花摧毁之力
And after the battle, they bring this mobile theater and they do what they call an "after action review" 在那次行动之后, 他们带来了移动的电影院 做了“行动后的回顾”
mobile:n.手机;汽车;移动电话;adj.活跃的;可动的;
to teach you what you've done wrong. 教你那些地方做错了
Sort of leadership by humiliation . 所谓的屈辱教育
humiliation:n.丢脸,耻辱;蒙羞;谦卑;
They put a big screen up, and they take you through everything. 他们带来一个大屏幕,让你重温一切
big screen:n.大银幕;电影;
'" ... And then you didn't do this, and you didn't do this, etc." “...你没有做这个,你也没有做这个,等等。”
I walked out feeling as low as a snake's belly in a wagon rut . 我走出来后感觉 自己非常愚蠢
belly:n.腹部;胃;食欲;v.涨满;鼓起; wagon:n.(铁路)货车车厢; v.用运货马车[货车,手推车等]运送; rut:n.车辙;刻板乏味的生活;发情期;v.发情;挖槽
And I saw my battalion commander, because I had let him down. 而我看到我这个营部的指挥员,因为我让他失望了
And I went up to apologize to him, and he said, "Stanley, I thought you did great." 我走上去跟他道歉 他说: Stanley,我觉得你做得很好。”
And in one sentence, he lifted me, put me back on my feet, and taught me that leaders can let you fail and yet not let you be a failure. 这一句话, 他的支持让我重新振作 教会好领导者会让你尝试失败 但不会让你变成败者。
When 9/11 came, 46 year-old Brig. Gen. McChrystal sees a whole new world. 当911来临的时候, 46岁的Brig.Gen.McChrystal看到一个全新的世界。
First, the things that are obvious , that you're familiar with: the environment changed -- the speed, the scrutiny , the sensitivity of everything now is so fast, sometimes it evolves faster than people have time to really reflect on it. 首先,这些是很明显的,你熟悉的: 环境改变了-- 速度,审议 对所有事物的感触都很快 有时变化得更加快 没有时间给人们作出反应
obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的; familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友; scrutiny:n.详细审查;监视;细看;选票复查; sensitivity:n.敏感;敏感性;过敏; evolves:v.进化,进展(evolve的第三人称单数形式); reflect on:仔细考虑,思考;反省;回想,回顾;怀疑;
But everything we do is in a different context . 但所有我们做的事情 都是在不同的情况下
context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉;
More importantly, the force that I led was spread over more than 20 countries. 更加重要的是,我领导的军队 已经遍布了20多个国家
spread over:传遍,延续;遍布于…;
And instead of being able to get all the key leaders for a decision together in a single room and look them in the eye and build their confidence and get trust from them, 代替将所有的主要领导人 为了一个决定集中在一个房间里面 直视他们,建立他们信心, 从他们那里得到信任,
I'm now leading a force that's dispersed , and I've got to use other techniques . 现在我领带一支分散的军队 我需要使用其他技术。
dispersed:adj.散布的;被分散的;被驱散的;v.分散;传播(disperse的过去分词); techniques:n.技巧;技艺;工艺;技术;(technique的复数)
I've got to use video teleconferences , I've got to use chat, 我需要用视频会议,我需要使用聊天工具,
teleconferences:电话会议;[通信]远程会议;
I've got to use email, I've got to use phone calls -- 我需要用电邮,我需要用电话——
I've got to use everything I can, not just for communication, but for leadership. 我要用上所有我能用上的东西 但这不仅仅是为了交流沟通 这是为了领导。
A 22 year-old individual operating alone thousands of miles from me has got to communicate to me with confidence. 一个22岁的人 一个人独立行动 他离我数千里远 需要有信心与我交流。
individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的;
I have to have trust in them and vice versa . 我需要相信他们,反之亦然
vice versa:反之亦然;
And I also have to build their faith. 我需要建立他们的信心
And that's a new kind of leadership for me. 这是新型的领导能力 对于我来说
We had one operation where we had to coordinate it from multiple locations . 我们需要有一个运作系统 我需要把多个地方联系起来
coordinate:n.坐标; v.协调; adj.同等的; multiple:adj.数量多的;多种多样的;n.倍数; locations:n.地方;地点;位置;定位(location的复数)
An emerging opportunity came -- didn't have time to get everybody together. 一个紧急机会来了—— 没有时间让所有人集中在一起
emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词)
So we had to get complex intelligence together, we had to line up the ability to act. 但我们需要集中智慧 我们必须合力去采取行动。
complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; intelligence:n.智力;智慧;才智;(尤指关于敌国的)情报;
It was sensitive , we had to go up the chain of command, convince them that this was the right thing to do, and do all of this on electronic medium . 这是很敏感的,我们必须一路向上汇报 说服他们这是我们应该做的事情 完成这些东西 在电子的媒介上
sensitive:adj.敏感的;感觉的;易受影响的;n.敏感的人;有灵异能力的人; convince:v.使确信;使相信;说服,劝说; electronic:adj.电子的;电子器件的;电子设备的; medium:n.(传播信息的)媒介;手段;工具;方法;adj.中等的;中号的;
We failed. 我们失败了。
The mission didn't work. 这个任务没有能完成。
mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教;
And so now what we had to do, is I had to reach out to try to rebuild the trust of that force, rebuild their confidence -- me and them and them and me and our seniors and us as a force -- all without the ability to put a hand on a shoulder. 所以我们现在需要做的 我必须达到 能重建（我带领的）军队的信任 重建他们的信心 我跟他们和他们跟我 还有我们的上级和作为整个军队的我们 所有的事情都不能单靠个人的力量
seniors:n.年长者,老年人;资历较深的人(senior的复数形式);
Entirely new requirement. 全新的要求
Also, the people had changed. 当然人们也改变了
You probably think that the force that I led was all steely-eyed commandos with big knuckle fists carrying exotic weapons. 你可能会想我带领的军队 他们都是由钢铁般的眼神和巨大指节拳头的突击队员 他们都带着奇异的武器
commandos:n.突击队;盟军敢死队;二战特种兵(commando的复数); knuckle:n.指节;指关节;(猪等动物的)肘,蹄;v.用指关节打(压,碰,擦); exotic:adj.异国的;外来的;异国情调的;
In reality, much of the force I led looked exactly like you. 事实上 大部分我带领的军队 看来都跟你们一样
It was men, women, young, old -- not just from military; from different organizations , many of them detailed to us just from a handshake . 他们是男人,女人,年轻,年老的—— 并不是只来自于狭义上的军队,而是来自不同的组织 他们很多人的信息都是来自一次握手的相遇
organizations:n.组织,构造,有机体(organization的复数);组织机构; handshake:n.握手;
And so instead of giving orders, you're now building consensus and you're building a sense of shared purpose. 不同于以往给出命令, 你现在需要建立一致性 你要建立一种以分享为目的的意识
consensus:n.一致;舆论;合意;
Probably the biggest change was understanding that the generational difference, the ages, had changed so much. 或者说最大的改变 那是对于不同年代不同观念的理解 时代改变了太多
generational:adj.一代的;生育的;
I went down to be with a Ranger platoon on an operation in Afghanistan , and on that operation, a sergeant in the platoon had lost about half his arm throwing a Taliban hand grenade back at the enemy after it had landed in his fire team. 我下去跟突击部队的一个排 参与了在阿富汗的一个行动 在那一次行动中 在这个排中一个警官 损失了半个手臂 他把塔利班扔到攻击部队里的 一个手榴弹 扔回了敌人阵营
Ranger:n.园林管理员;护林人;女童子军;突击队员; platoon:n.排,团;一组; Afghanistan:n.阿富汗(国家名称,位于亚洲); Taliban:塔利班; hand grenade:n.手榴弹;
We talked about the operation, and then at the end I did what I often do with a force like that. 我们讲述了这次行动 在最后我做了以往我跟军队做的事,就好像这样,
I asked, "Where were you on 9/11?" 我说,“在911的时候你们在哪里？”
And one young Ranger in the back -- his hair tussled and his face red and windblown from being in combat in the cold Afghan wind -- he said, "Sir, I was in the sixth grade." 一个年轻的军士在后面 他的头发打卷脸色通红 那都是在阿富汗战斗中让寒风吹的 他说 长官,我在读六年级.
tussled:vi.打斗;扭打;剧烈的斗争;n.争斗,扭打; windblown:adj.被风吹的;风飘型的;剪短而前梳的;
And it reminded me that we're operating a force that must have shared purpose and shared consciousness , and yet he has different experiences, in many cases a different vocabulary, a completely different skill set in terms of digital media than I do and many of the other senior leaders. 这提醒我 我们需要这样运行一支军队 他们必须分享目的 分享意识 然而他有不同的经验 在很多例子中 这是不同的词汇 完全不同的一套技能 用数码的媒体 取代了我和其他高级领导者的做法
reminded:v.提醒;使想起;(remind的过去分词和过去式) consciousness:n.意识;知觉;觉悟;感觉; digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉;
And yet, we need to have that shared sense. 我们现在需要一个有共享的意识
It also produced something which I call an inversion of expertise , because we had so many changes at the lower levels in technology and tactics and whatnot , that suddenly the things that we grew up doing wasn't what the force was doing anymore. 它能制造一些东西 我叫做倒置的专业技术 因为我们在较低层次作了很多的改变 在技术、战术诸如此类的东西 突然之间我们在成长过程 中学会要做的事情 现在部队已经不再做了
inversion:n.倒置;反向;倒转; expertise:n.专门知识;专门技术;专家的意见; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; tactics:n.战术:策略:手段:兵法(tactic的复数) whatnot:n.放古董的架子;不可名状的东西;
So how does a leader stay credible and legitimate when they haven't done what the people you're leading are doing? 作为一个领导者 如何能保持合理性和信服力 当他们在领导他人 做那些他们自己也没有做过的事情的时候
credible:adj.可靠的,可信的; legitimate:adj.合法的;正当的;合理的;正统的;v.使合法;认为正当(等于legitimize);
And it's a brand new leadership challenge. 这是领导层遇到的崭新挑战
brand new:adj.崭新的;最近获得的;
And it forced me to become a lot more transparent , a lot more willing to listen, a lot more willing to be reverse-mentored from lower. 它迫使我将很多事情变得透明 要更乐意去聆听 更乐意收到下层的反过来的指导
transparent:adj.透明的;显然的;坦率的;易懂的;
And yet, again, you're not all in one room. 而且,你们并不在一个屋子里
Then another thing. 这是另外一面
There's an effect on you and on your leaders. 会影响你和你们这些领导者
There's an impact , it's cumulative . 这是有影响的,而且是累积的
impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响; cumulative:adj.累积的;
You don't reset , or recharge , your battery every time. 你不能重置,或者重新充电,你需要每时每刻充电
reset:vi.重置;清零;重新组合;n.重新设定;重新组合;重排版; recharge:v.给(电池)充电;恢复体力;休整;n.再袭击;再装火药; battery:n.[电]电池,蓄电池;n.[法]殴打;n.[军]炮台,炮位;
I stood in front of a screen one night in Iraq with one of my senior officers and we watched a fire fight from one of our forces. 有一天晚上,我在伊朗站在一块屏幕前 和一个比我高级的官员 我们看到我们一支武装力量进行火力搏斗
And I remembered his son was in our force. 我记得他的儿子在我们的部队中
And I said, "John, where's your son? And how is he?" 我说:“John,你的儿子在哪里？现在怎么样？”
And he said, "Sir, he's fine. Thanks for asking." 他说,“他很好,多谢问候。”
I said, "Where is he now?" 我说,“他在哪里？”
And he pointed at the screen, he said, "He's in that fire fight." 他指着屏幕,说,“他就在这场火力搏斗中。”
Think about watching your brother, father, daughter, son, wife in a fire fight in realtime and you can't do anything about it. 试想看着你的兄弟,父亲, 女儿,儿子,妻子 正在这场火力搏斗中 你却不能帮他做任何事情
realtime:adj.实时的;适时的;
Think about knowing that over time. 想象一下随着时间的推移
And it's a new cumulative pressure on leaders. 这种累积的压力沉沉压在领导者的身上
And you have to watch and take care of each other. 但你必须照看和互相照顾。
I probably learned the most about relationships. 在怎样处理人的关系上我学到了很多
I learned they are the sinew which hold the force together. 我学习到他们是支柱 他们让部队连在一起
sinew:n.筋;肌腱;体力;精力;vt.加强;使牢固;
I grew up much of my career in the Ranger regiment . 我的大部门职业生涯是在突击团队中成长的
regiment:v.把…编成团;严格地管制;n.团;大量;
And every morning in the Ranger regiment, every Ranger -- and there are more than 2,000 of them -- says a six-stanza Ranger creed . 每一个早上 在这个团队中 每一个军士, 两千个多个人 诵读六段部队的信条
creed:n.信条,教义;
You may know one line of it, it says, "I'll never leave a fallen comrade to fall into the hands of the enemy." 你可能知道其中的一条,它是这样说的, “我绝对不会留下任何一个落后的队友在敌人的手中。”
And it's not a mindless mantra , and it's not a poem. 这不是一个愚蠢的咒语 也不是一首诗
mindless:adj.愚蠢的;不小心的;不需要动脑筋的;不顾虑的; mantra:n.咒语(尤指四吠陀经典内作为咒文或祷告唱念的);颂歌;
It's a promise. 这是一个承诺
Every Ranger promises every other Ranger now matter what happens, no matter what it costs me, if you need me, I'm coming. 每一个军士都会向其他每一个军士作出承诺 无论什么事情发生,无论对于自己付出什么代价 如果你需要我,我就会来。
no matter what:不管什么…;
And every Ranger gets that same promise from every other Ranger. 每一个军士都获得这样的承诺 从其他军士身上
Think about it. It's extraordinarily powerful. 想象一下。这是绝对的有力量
extraordinarily:adv.非常;格外地;非凡地;
It's probably more powerful than marriage vows . 这甚至比结婚的誓言更加有力量
vows:n.婚誓;誓约(vow的复数);v.发誓;郑重声明(vow的三单形式);
And they've lived up to it, which gives it special power. 他们为此而生存,并且给出了特别的力量
And so the organizational relationship that bonds them is just amazing. 所以有组织的关系把他们联系起来 这是太棒了
organizational:adj.组织的;编制的;
And I learned personal relationships were more important than ever. 我学习人际间的关系 现在比以往都重要
We were in a difficult operation in Afghanistan in 2007, and an old friend of mine, that I had spent many years at various points of my career with -- godfather to one of their kids -- he sent me a note, just in an envelope , that had a quote from Sherman to Grant that said, "I knew if I ever got in a tight spot, that you would come, if alive." 2007年我们在阿富汗的行动非常艰难 我的一个老朋友 我们交往了多年 在我职业生涯多个重要的点上 我还是他一个孩子的教父 他给我寄了张纸条,就放在一个信封里 是Sherman和Grant书信里的摘录 说,“我知道如果我困住了, 你是会来的,如果你还活着。”
godfather:n.教父;v.当…的教父; envelope:n.信封,封皮;包膜;[天]包层;包迹; quote:v.引用;报价;举例说明;开价;为(企业的股份)上市;n.引用; Grant:v.授予;允许;承认;同意;n.拨款;[法]授予物;
And having that kind of relationship, for me, turned out to be critical at many points in my career. 能有这样的关系 对于我而言 在职业生涯的很多时候都至关重要
critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的;
And I learned that you have to give that in this environment, because it's tough. 我学习到你必须付出 在这样的环境里, 因为这很艰难
That was my journey . 那是我的旅程
journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行;
I hope it's not over. 我希望它还没有结束
I came to believe that a leader isn't good because they're right; they're good because they're willing to learn and to trust. 我开始相信 一个领导并不是因为他正确了就是好的 他们是好的,因为他们愿意学习和去信任别人
This isn't easy stuff . 这不是简单的事情
stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
It's not like that electronic abs machine where, 15 minutes a month, you get washboard abs. 这不是一个电子瘦肚机 那里,一个月15分钟,帮你把肚子搓一下
washboard:n.(美)搓板;高低不平的路面;防波板;adj.搓板状的;崎岖不平的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
And it isn't always fair. 这总不是那么的公平
You can get knocked down, and it hurts and it leaves scars. 你可能被击败 它会痛 留下伤疤
But if you're a leader, the people you've counted on will help you up. 但如果你是一个领导者 那些人你依赖的人 会帮你成长
And if you're a leader, the people who count on you need you on your feet. 如果你是一个领导者 而那些信任你的人需要你立场坚定
Thank you. 谢谢
(Applause) （鼓掌）