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SougwenChung_2019S-_我为何与机器人共同作画_-
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Many of us here use technology in our day-to-day . |
在座的各位在日常生活中 都会使用科技, |
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; day-to-day:adj.日常的;逐日的;
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And some of us rely on technology to do our jobs. |
许多人依赖科技来 进行他们的工作。 |
rely:vi.依靠;信赖;
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For a while , I thought of machines and the technologies that drive them as perfect tools that could make my work more efficient and more productive . |
有一段时间,我认为机器和科技 只是让我的工作更高效、高产的 完美工具。 |
For a while:adv.片刻;暂时;一会儿;一时; technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数); efficient:adj.有效率的;有能力的;生效的; productive:adj.能生产的;生产的,生产性的;多产的;富有成效的;
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But with the rise of automation across so many different industries, it led me to wonder: |
但随着自动化技术 在各行各业的崛起, 让我不禁试想: |
automation:n.自动化;自动操作;
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If machines are starting to be able to do the work traditionally done by humans, what will become of the human hand? |
如果机器能够完成 原本由人类做的工作, 那我们人类之手又能做些什么呢? |
traditionally:adv.传统上;习惯上;传说上;
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How does our desire for perfection , precision and automation affect our ability to be creative ? |
对完美,精确和自动化的追求 是如何影响我的创造力? |
perfection:n.完善;完美; precision:n.精度,[数]精密度;精确;adj.精密的,精确的; creative:adj.创造性的;
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In my work as an artist and researcher, I explore AI and robotics to develop new processes for human creativity. |
作为艺术家和研究者, 我研究人工智能和机器人, 以此来开发人类创造的新途径。 |
explore:v.探索:探测:探险: robotics:n.机器人学; processes:n.过程; v.处理(process的第三人称单数形式);
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For the past few years, |
过去几年里, |
I've made work alongside machines, data and emerging technologies. |
我运用机器,数据 和新兴科技进行创作。 |
emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词)
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It's part of a lifelong fascination about the dynamics of individuals and systems and all the messiness that that entails . |
其中一部分永恒的魅力 在于人与技术间奇妙的动态, 还有其中不可避免的混乱。 |
fascination:n.魅力;魔力;入迷; dynamics:n.动力学,力学; individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数); messiness:n.乱糟糟;混乱; entails:vt.使需要,必需;承担;遗传给;蕴含;n.引起;需要;继承;
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It's how I'm exploring questions about where AI ends and we begin and where I'm developing processes that investigate potential sensory mixes of the future. |
我借此来探索人工智能与我们的界限, 以及探索发展 未来感官融合的可能。 |
exploring:v.探索:考察:探查;(explore的现在分词) investigate:v.调查;研究;审查; potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的; sensory:adj.感觉的;知觉的;传递感觉的; mixes:n.混淆;调拌料(mix的复数);v.混合(mix的第三人称单数);
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I think it's where philosophy and technology intersect . |
我想这是哲学与技术的交汇点。 |
philosophy:n.哲学;哲理;人生观; intersect:v.相交,交叉;横断,横切;贯穿;
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Doing this work has taught me a few things. |
这项工作教会了我一些事。 |
It's taught me how embracing imperfection can actually teach us something about ourselves. |
它教会我拥抱不完美 可以帮助我们认识自我。 |
embracing:n.拥抱;v.拥抱,包含;(embrace的现在分词) imperfection:n.不完美;瑕疵;缺点;
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It's taught me that exploring art can actually help shape the technology that shapes us. |
它教会我探索艺术 能够更好的构建科技, 从而塑造自我。 |
And it's taught me that combining AI and robotics with traditional forms of creativity -- visual arts in my case -- can help us think a little bit more deeply about what is human and what is the machine. |
它教会我将人工智能和机器人 结合到传统的创作中—— 以我创作的视觉艺术为例—— 能够帮助我们更深入理解 何为人类,何为机器。 |
visual:adj.视觉的,视力的;栩栩如生的;
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And it's led me to the realization that collaboration is the key to creating the space for both as we move forward. |
它让我意识到 在我们进步的路上, 合作是创造人与机器共存空间的关键。 |
realization:n.实现;领悟; collaboration:n.合作;勾结;通敌;
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It all started with a simple experiment with machines, called "Drawing Operations Unit: Generation 1." |
这一切都始于 一个简单的机器实验, 实验机器叫“绘图机器:初代” (Drawing Operations Unit: Generation 1)。 |
I call the machine "D.O.U.G." for short. |
我把它简称为道格(D.O.U.G.), |
Before I built D.O.U.G, |
在我建造道格之前, |
I didn't know anything about building robots. |
我对造机器人一无所知, |
I took some open-source robotic arm designs, |
我参考了一些开源的机器臂设计, |
open-source:adj.(计算机)开放源代码;
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I hacked together a system where the robot would match my gestures and follow [them] in real time . |
编成了一个系统来实现匹配手势, 并实时模仿它们。 |
hacked:v.砍;劈;猛踢;非法侵入(hack的过去分词和过去式) gestures:n.手势; v.做手势; (gesture的第三人称单数和复数) real time:adj.实时的;接到指示立即执行的;
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The premise was simple: |
前提很简单: |
premise:n.前提;假定;v.假定;预述(条件等);引导(论述等);;
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I would lead, and it would follow. |
我画,而它会学我。 |
I would draw a line, and it would mimic my line. |
我画一条线, 它也会跟着我画一条线。 |
mimic:vt.模仿,摹拟;n.效颦者,模仿者;仿制品;小丑;adj.模仿的,模拟的;假装的;
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So back in 2015, there we were, drawing for the first time, in front of a small audience in New York City. |
回到 2015 年,那是我们第一次 在纽约的一小群观众前作画。 |
The process was pretty sparse -- no lights, no sounds, nothing to hide behind. |
整个过程非常冷清—— 没有灯光,没有音效, 也没有什么悬念。 |
sparse:adj.稀疏的;稀少的;
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Just my palms sweating and the robot's new servos heating up. |
只有手掌冒出的冷汗 和机器臂不断升高的温度。 |
palms:n.手掌,手心;棕榈植物(palm的复数);v.把…藏于手中(palm的第三人称单数); servos:n.伺服系统;伺服机构(servo的复数);
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(Laughs) Clearly, we were not built for this. |
(笑声)显然, 这不是我们想要的效果。 |
But something interesting happened, something I didn't anticipate . |
但有趣的事发生了, 完全出乎意料。 |
anticipate:v.预期,期望;占先,抢先;提前使用;
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See, D.O.U.G., in its primitive form, wasn't tracking my line perfectly. |
初代的道格并没有 完美地模仿我画的线条, |
primitive:adj.原始的,远古的;简单的,粗糙的;n.原始人; tracking:n.追踪,跟踪;v.跟踪;(track的现在分词)
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While in the simulation that happened onscreen it was pixel-perfect, in physical reality, it was a different story. |
在计算器模拟中显示 它的模仿事精确完美的, 但到了现实中,却并非如此。 |
simulation:n.仿真;模拟;模仿;假装; onscreen:adj.银幕上的;adv.银幕上; physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查;
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It would slip and slide and punctuate and falter , and I would be forced to respond . |
它会滑动,会卡顿,会晃动, 于是我不得不附和它的线条。 |
slip:v.溜;下降;滑落;n.纸条;衬裙; punctuate:vt.不时打断;强调;加标点于;vi.加标点; falter:vi.支吾;蹒跚地走;vt.支吾地说;结巴地讲出;n.踌躇;支吾;颤抖; respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和;
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There was nothing pristine about it. |
它的状态不完美, |
pristine:adj.原始的,古时的;纯朴的;
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And yet, somehow , the mistakes made the work more interesting. |
而这些失误让作品更加有趣, |
somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地;
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The machine was interpreting my line but not perfectly. |
机器在模仿我的线条, 但是并不完美, |
interpreting:n.解释;口译;v.解释;[语][计]翻译(interpret的现在分词);
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And I was forced to respond. |
于是变成我在附和机器。 |
We were adapting to each other in real time. |
我们不断地实时熟悉彼此。 |
adapting:v.使适应,使适合;适应;改编;改写;(adapt的现在分词)
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And seeing this taught me a few things. |
看到这些,教会了我一些事, |
It showed me that our mistakes actually made the work more interesting. |
我们的失误,实际上 让我们的作品更加有趣, |
And I realized that, you know, through the imperfection of the machine, our imperfections became what was beautiful about the interaction . |
我从机器的不完美中意识到, 我们的不完美成就了这互动之美。 |
imperfections:n.不合格折贴(imperfection的复数); interaction:n.[计]交互,相互作用;相互交流;干扰;
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And I was excited, because it led me to the realization that maybe part of the beauty of human and machine systems is their shared inherent fallibility . |
而我很兴奋,因为它让我意识到 或许人类和机器系统的美妙之一 正是他们共同的、固有的不完美。 |
inherent:adj.固有的;内在的;与生俱来的,遗传的; fallibility:n.易误;不可靠;出错性;
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For the second generation of D.O.U.G., |
对于第二代的道格, |
I knew I wanted to explore this idea. |
我知道我要探索这个想法, |
But instead of an accident produced by pushing a robotic arm to its limits, |
我并非打算通过放大机器臂的失误, |
I wanted to design a system that would respond to my drawings in ways that I didn't expect. |
而是想要设计一个系统 能够以出其不意的方式 回应我的画作。 |
So, I used a visual algorithm to extract visual information from decades of my digital and analog drawings. |
所以,我运用一个视觉算法 来提取我几十年来的 数字和实体绘图中的视觉样本信息, |
extract:v.提取;取出;摘录;榨取;n.汁;摘录;榨出物;选粹; digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; analog:n.[自]模拟;类似物;adj.[自]模拟的;有长短针的;
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I trained a neural net on these drawings in order to generate recurring patterns in the work that were then fed through custom software back into the machine. |
以此我训练了一个神经网络 优化机器的循环模式, 视觉样本由经专门的 软件处理导入机器。 |
neural:adj.神经的;神经系统的;背的;神经中枢的; generate:v.产生;引起; recurring:v.再发生;反复出现;(recur的现在分词)
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I painstakingly collected as many of my drawings as I could find -- finished works, unfinished experiments and random sketches -- and tagged them for the AI system. |
于是我煞费苦心地 收集我的所有的画作—— 成品,半成品,随手简笔画—— 把它们标记给人工智能系统。 |
painstakingly:adv.煞费苦心地;费力地; random:adj.[数]随机的;任意的;胡乱的;n.随意;adv.胡乱地; sketches:n.[测]草图; v.素描,写生(sketch的第三人称单数); tagged:adj.标记的;示踪的;加标记的;v.附以签条(tag的过去分词);
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And since I'm an artist, I've been making work for over 20 years. |
作为一位艺术家, 我作画超过了 20 年, |
Collecting that many drawings took months, it was a whole thing. |
所以收集这些画作花了好多个月, 这是个大工程。 |
And here's the thing about training AI systems: it's actually a lot of hard work. |
说到训练人工智能: 这其实大费功夫。 |
A lot of work goes on behind the scenes . |
幕后的工作很多很多, |
behind the scenes:adj.幕后的;
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But in doing the work, I realized a little bit more about how the architecture of an AI is constructed . |
但在其中,我对人工智能的构造 更深入了解了一些。 |
architecture:n.建筑学;建筑风格;建筑式样;架构; constructed:v.修建;建造;组成;编制,绘制;(construct的过去分词和过去式)
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And I realized it's not just made of models and classifiers for the neural network . |
我意识到它不仅是 神经网络的 模型和分屏器。 |
classifiers:n.(汉语等中的)量词;分级机;分类者;分粒器; neural network:n.神经网络;
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But it's a fundamentally malleable and shapable system, one in which the human hand is always present. |
它是一个可延展的、可塑的系统, 人类的手始终参与其中。 |
fundamentally:adv.从根本上;基础地;重要地 malleable:adj.可锻的;可塑的;有延展性的;易适应的; shapable:adj.可成形(成型)的;可塑造的;样子好(看)的;
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It's far from the omnipotent AI we've been told to believe in. |
它不再是我们认为的 无所不能的人工智能。 |
omnipotent:adj.无所不能的;全能的;有无限权力的;
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So I collected these drawings for the neural net. |
所以,我收集画作以训练神经网络, |
And we realized something that wasn't previously possible. |
而且我们意识到 前所未有的事情发生了, |
previously:adv.先前;以前;
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My robot D.O.U.G. became a real-time interactive reflection of the work I'd done through the course of my life. |
我对机器人道格 在实时交互创作中, 对我过去人生几十年的作品做出回应。 |
real-time:adj.实时的;接到指示立即执行的; interactive:adj.合作的;相互影响的;互相配合的;交互式的;n.交互式视频设备; reflection:n.反映;沉思;映像;深思;
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The data was personal , but the results were powerful. |
数据源于我个人, 但结果却很有力。 |
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词;
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And I got really excited, because I started thinking maybe machines don't need to be just tools, but they can function as nonhuman collaborators . |
我感到非常兴奋, 因为我开始想或许机器不该只是工具, 它还可以是非人的合作者。 |
nonhuman:adj.非人类的; collaborators:n.[劳经]合作者;投敌者(collaborator的复数);
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And even more than that, |
再进一步想, |
I thought maybe the future of human creativity isn't in what it makes but how it comes together to explore new ways of making. |
也许未来的人类创作 不在于作品本身, 而在于对艺术诞生新方式的探索。 |
So if D.O.U.G._1 was the muscle , and D.O.U.G._2 was the brain, then I like to think of D.O.U.G._3 as the family. |
所以,如果道格初代是肌肉, 那么道格二代就是大脑, 然后我想道格三代就是家人。 |
muscle:n.肌肉;力量;v.加强;使劲搬动;使劲挤出;
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I knew I wanted to explore this idea of human-nonhuman collaboration at scale . |
我知道我想要将对 人类和非人类合作的想法放大。 |
scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢;
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So over the past few months, |
于是再过去的几个月里, |
I worked with my team to develop 20 custom robots that could work with me as a collective . |
我和团队造出了 20 个定制的机器人 与我集体创作。 |
collective:adj.集体的;共同的;集合的;集体主义的;n.集团;集合体;集合名词;
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They would work as a group, and together, we would collaborate with all of New York City. |
它们像团队一样工作, 我们共同与整个纽约市携手合作, |
collaborate:vi.合作;勾结,通敌;
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I was really inspired by Stanford researcher Fei-Fei Li, who said, "if we want to teach machines how to think, we need to first teach them how to see." |
斯坦福大学的研究员李飞飞 激发了我对灵感, 她说, 若像教机器如何思考, 先要教它们如何看见。 |
inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式)
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It made me think of the past decade of my life in New York, and how I'd been all watched over by these surveillance cameras around the city. |
这让我想起了过去 十年的纽约生活, 城市上空的监控摄像头监视着我, |
surveillance:n.监督;监视;
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And I thought it would be really interesting if I could use them to teach my robots to see. |
如果我用它们来训练 我的机器人的视觉, 那会非常有趣。 |
So with this project, |
所以在这个项目中, |
I thought about the gaze of the machine, and I began to think about vision as multidimensional , as views from somewhere. |
我思考机器对我们的凝视, 于是我开始将视觉看成多元化的, 视作来自某处的视点。 |
gaze:v.凝视;注视;盯着;n.凝视;注视; vision:n.视力;美景;幻象;想象力;v.想象;显现;梦见; multidimensional:adj.[数]多维的;多面的;
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We collected video from publicly available camera feeds on the internet of people walking on the sidewalks , cars and taxis on the road, all kinds of urban movement. |
我们收集视频, 从网络上公共摄像头的影片 到行人在路上走的片段, 道路上的汽车和出租, 城市中各种车水马龙的片段。 |
sidewalks:n.人行道; urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的;
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We trained a vision algorithm on those feeds based on a technique called " optical flow," |
基于一种“光流技术”, 我们训练了一种视觉算法, |
technique:n.技巧,技术;手法; optical:adj.光学的;眼睛的,视觉的;
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to analyze the collective density , direction, dwell and velocity states of urban movement. |
来分析收集到的人流密度, 城市流动的方向, 速度状态以及居住方式。 |
analyze:v.对…进行分析,分解(等于analyse); density:n.密度; dwell:v.居住;栖身; velocity:n.[物]速度;
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Our system extracted those states from the feeds as positional data and became pads for my robotic units to draw on. |
我们的系统从海量的 位置数据中提取这些信息, 我们的机器人依靠这些信息来作画, |
extracted:adj.萃取的;引出的;v.提取(extract的过去式及过去分词); positional:adj.位置的;地位的; pads:n.软垫,护垫; v.填充,覆盖,保护; (pad的第三人称单数和复数)
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Instead of a collaboration of one-to-one , we made a collaboration of many-to-many. |
与之前的一对一合作不同, 我们实现了多对多的合作。 |
one-to-one:adj.一对一的;一一对应的;
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By combining the vision of human and machine in the city, we reimagined what a landscape painting could be. |
通过结合城市中人类与机器的视角, 我们重构了一个景观绘图可能的样子。 |
reimagined:重新想象;再回味(reimagine的过去分词) landscape:n.景观;乡村风景画;(文件的)横向打印格式;v.对…做景观美化;美化…的环境;
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Throughout all of my experiments with D.O.U.G., no two performances have ever been the same. |
在我和道格所有的实验中, 没有哪两次的呈现是相同的, |
Throughout:adv.自始至终,到处;全部;prep.贯穿,遍及; performances:n.演出;[法]履行(performance的复数形式);
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And through collaboration, we create something that neither of us could have done alone: we explore the boundaries of our creativity, human and nonhuman working in parallel . |
而且通过合作, 我们创作了我们 无法独自实现的事情, 我们共同探索了创造力的边界, 人类和非人类并肩工作。 |
boundaries:n.边界;分界线;(boundary的复数) parallel:adj.平行的; v.与…相似; n.极其相似的人(或情况、事件等);
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I think this is just the beginning. |
我想这才是开始, |
This year, I've launched Scilicet, my new lab exploring human and interhuman collaboration. |
今年,我创办了 Scilicet, 这个新实验室旨在探索 人类和非人类间的合作, |
launched:v.发射;发起;开展;开始;(launch的过去式和过去分词)
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We're really interested in the feedback loop between individual, artificial and ecological systems. |
我们对个体,人工和生态系统 |
feedback:n.反馈;反馈意见;回授;[电子]反馈; loop:n.循环;回路;环路;圈;v.使成环;使绕成圈;成环形移动; artificial:adj.人造的;仿造的;虚伪的;非原产地的;武断的; ecological:adj.生态的,生态学的;
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We're connecting human and machine output to biometrics and other kinds of environmental data. |
我们将人类和机器与 生物特征识别和其他环境数据相结合。 |
output:n.(人、机器、机构的)产量;输出;输出功率;输出量;v.输出; biometrics:n.[生物]生物统计学;[生物]生物测定学;寿命统计;
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We're inviting anyone who's interested in the future of work, systems and interhuman collaboration to explore with us. |
我们邀请任何对未来的作品、系统 和人际间合作感兴趣的人 和我们共同探索。 |
We know it's not just technologists that have to do this work and that we all have a role to play. |
我们知道不仅是科技工作者肩负使命, 所有人都可以参与其中。 |
technologists:n.技术人员(technologist的复数);[劳经]技术专家;
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We believe that by teaching machines how to do the work traditionally done by humans, we can explore and evolve our criteria of what's made possible by the human hand. |
我们坚信通过教授机器 如何去完成人类的传统工作, 我们就能不断探索和创新 超越人类之手所能达到的可能。 |
evolve:v.(使)逐渐形成;进化;进化形成; criteria:n.标准,条件(criterion的复数);
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And part of that journey is embracing the imperfections and recognizing the fallibility of both human and machine, in order to expand the potential of both. |
这段旅程之一便是拥抱不完美, 发现人类和机器共有的缺憾, 才能更好的拓展我们共同的潜能。 |
journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行; recognizing:v.认识;认出;承认;接受,赞成(recognize的现在分词) expand:v.扩张;使膨胀;详述;发展;张开,展开;
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Today, I'm still in pursuit of finding the beauty in human and nonhuman creativity. |
今天,我仍在追寻人类和 非人类协作的美妙之处。 |
in pursuit of:寻求,追求;
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In the future, I have no idea what that will look like, but I'm pretty curious to find out. |
在未来,我不知道会怎样, 但是我满怀好奇去寻找答案。 |
I have no idea:我没有头绪…; curious:adj.好奇的,有求知欲的;古怪的;爱挑剔的;
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Thank you. |
谢谢。 |
(Applause) |
(掌声) |