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SineadBurke_2017S-_为何在设计时应该考虑到所有人_
I want to give you a new perspective . 我要给大家一个新视角。
perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的;
That sounds grandiose , and it is. 听起来很堂皇,的确是的。
grandiose:adj.宏伟的;堂皇的;浮夸的;宏大的;
I left Ireland yesterday morning. 昨天早上我离开爱尔兰。
I traveled from Dublin to New York independently . 我独自一人从都柏林飞到纽约。
Dublin:n.都柏林(爱尔兰共和国的首都); independently:adv.独立地;自立地;
But the design of an airport ,plane and terminal offers little independence when you're 105 and a half centimeters tall. 然而机场、客机和航厦的设计 只能给一个身高 105.5 公分的人 丁点的独立自主。
airport:n.机场;航空港; terminal:n.终端;航站楼;终端机;航空终点站;adj.晚期的;不治的;致命的;患绝症的; independence:n.独立;独立性;自恃心;独立不羁的精神; centimeters:n.[计量]厘米(centimeter的复数);
For Americans, that's 3' 5". 对美国人来说,这等于 3 呎 5 吋。
I was whisked through the airport by airline assistants in a wheelchair . 航空公司助理 给我推轮椅迅速穿越机场。
whisked:v.搅打,搅动;匆匆带走;迅速送走(whisk的过去分词和过去式) airline:n.航空公司; wheelchair:n.轮椅;
Now, I don't need to use a wheelchair, but the design of an airport and its lack of accessibility means that it's my only way to get through. 我不需要使用轮椅, 但机场的设计 和那里缺乏无障碍设施, 意味这是我穿越机场的唯一途径。
accessibility:n.易接近;可亲;可以得到;
With my carry-on bag between my feet, 我坐着轮椅,双腿夹着手提行李
carry-on bag:对登机的行李箱;随身行李;
I was wheeled through security, preclearance and I arrived at my boarding gate. 经过安檢、出入境审查, 我到达了登机门。
I use the accessibility services in the airport because most of the terminal is just not designed with me in mind. 我使用机场内的无障碍服务, 因为航厦大楼大部分地方 都不是为我着想而设计。
Take security, for example. 就以安檢为例。
I'm not strong enough to lift my carry-on bag from the ground to the carousel . 我不够力气从地面 举起手提行李放到输送带。
carousel:n.旋转木马;行李传送带;
I stand at eye level with it. 输送带及至我站起时眼睛的高度。
eye level:n.视线高度,齐眼高度;
And those who work in that space for safety purposes cannot help me and cannot do it for me. 基于安全理由,那里的工作人员 没法幫我、给我代劳。
Design inhibits my autonomy and my independence. 设计抑制我的自主性和独立性。
inhibits:抑制;阻止; autonomy:n.自治,自治权;
But traveling at this size, it isn't all bad. 但以这样的身型旅行并非全然糟糕。
The leg room in economy is like business class . 经济舱的座位空间就像商务舱的。
economy:n.经济;节约;理财; business class:n.商务舱;
(Laughter) （笑声）
I often forget that I'm a little person. 我往往忘记自己是矮个子。
It's the physical environment and society that remind me. 就是物理环境和社会提醒我。
physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查; remind:v.提醒;使想起;
Using a public bathroom is an excruciating experience. 使用公厕是痛苦至极的经验。
excruciating:adj.折磨人的;极痛苦的;极坏的;v.折磨;使受酷刑;(excruciate的现在分词)
I walk into the cubicle but I can't reach the lock on the door. 我走进厕所,却没法触及门上的锁。
cubicle:n.小卧室;小隔间;
I'm creative and resilient . 我富有创意,能屈能伸。
creative:adj.创造性的; resilient:adj.弹回的,有弹力的;
I look around and see if there's a bin that I can turn upside down . 我环顾四周查看有没有 可以让我倒转的垃圾桶。
turn upside down:使陷入混乱;完全颠倒;
Is it safe? 这样做安全吗？
Not really. 不太安全。
Is it hygienic and sanitary ? 这样做衞生和清洁吗？
hygienic:adj.卫生的,保健的;卫生学的; sanitary:adj.卫生的,清洁的;n.公共厕所;
Definitely not. 当然不是。
Definitely:adv.清楚地,当然;明确地,肯定地;
But the alternative is much worse. 但另一个办法远远更糟。
alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择;
If that doesn't work, I use my phone. 如果行不通,我就用电话。
It gives me an additional four- to six-inch reach, and I try to jam the lock closed with my iPhone. 它让我的手臂延长 4 至 6 吋, 我就尝试用 iPhone 推门锁把门锁上。
additional:adj.附加的,额外的;
Now, I imagine that's not what Jony Ive had in mind when he designed the iPhone, but it works. 现在我想像得到这并非强纳森．艾维 设计 iPhone 的原意, 但这却奏效。
The alternative is that I approach a stranger. 另一办法就是我向陌生人请求。
approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理;
I apologize profusely and I ask them to stand guard outside my cubicle door. 我连番道歉, 要求她们站在厕所门外守候。
profusely:adv.丰富地;
They do and I emerge grateful but absolutely mortified , and hope that they didn't notice that I left the bathroom without washing my hands. 她们照样去做, 我就心存感恩站起来, 但我感到非常尴尬, 希望她们没有察觉 我离开洗手间前没有洗手。
emerge:v.浮现;显现;暴露;露出真相; absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地; mortified:adj.感到屈辱的;惭愧的;v.使难堪;使羞愧;(mortify的过去分词和过去式)
I carry hand sanitizer with me every single day because the sink, soap dispenser , hand dryer and mirror are all out of my reach. 我每天都带着干洗手, 因为洗手盆、给皂机、烘手机 和镜子对我都是高不可攀。
sanitizer:n.食品防腐剂;消毒杀菌剂(等于sanitiser); dispenser:n.药剂师;施与者;分配者;自动售货机; dryer:n.烘干机;[助剂]干燥剂;
Now, the accessible bathroom is somewhat of an option . 现在无障碍洗手间有点儿差强人意。
accessible:adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的; somewhat:n.几分;某物;adv.有点;多少;几分;稍微; option:n.选择;可选择的东西;
In this space, I can reach the lock on the door, the sink, the soap dispenser, the hand dryer and the mirror. 在这个空间,我可以触及门锁、 洗手盆、给皂机、烘手机和镜子。
Yet, I cannot use the toilet. 然而我还未能使用马桶。
It is deliberately designed higher so that wheelchair users can transfer across with ease. 它是特意被设计成较高一点, 让轮椅使用者轻易转移到马桶上。
deliberately:adv.故意地;谨慎地;慎重地; transfer:n.转移;调任;调离;[体]转会球员;v.调任;调走;转学;转移;
This is a wonderful and necessary innovation , but in the design world, when we describe a new project or idea as accessible, what does that mean? 这项创新是绝妙和必需的, 但在设计的领域里,当我们形容 一个新项目或想法是无障碍时, 这意味甚么呢？
innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法; describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形;
Who is it accessible to? 它是对谁无障碍？
And whose needs are not being accommodated for? 谁的需要没有获得照顾？
accommodated:v.使适应(accommodate的过去式及过去分词形式);安置;为…提供住宿;
Now, the bathroom is an example of where design impinges upon my dignity , but the physical environment impacts upon me in much more casual ways too, something as simple as ordering a cup of coffee. 洗手间的设计就是 侵犯我尊严的一个例子, 但物理环境也是更不经意地影响我, 简单如点选一杯咖啡也影响我。
impinges:vi.撞击;侵犯;vt.撞击; dignity:n.尊严;高贵; impacts:n.影响; v.有影响,有作用;
Now, I'll admit it. 现在我得承认
I drink far too much coffee. 我实在喝了太多咖啡。
My order is a skinny vanilla latte , but I'm trying to wean myself off the syrup . 我固定点的是脱脂奶香草拿铁, 但我正在尝试戒掉糖浆了。
skinny:adj.极瘦的;干瘦的;皮包骨的;紧身的;n.(不公开的)信息;内幕消息; latte:n.热牛奶咖啡,拿铁咖啡; wean:vt.使断奶;使断念;使放弃;n.(苏格兰)幼儿; syrup:n.糖浆,果汁;含药糖浆;
But the coffee shop , it's not designed well,at least not for me. 然而咖啡店设计不佳, 至少对我来说。
coffee shop:na.咖啡店;(一般的)小餐馆;
Queuing , I'm standing beside the pastry cabinet and the barista calls for the next order. 我站在糕点柜后排队时, 咖啡师召唤下一位客人点饮料。
Queuing:n.[数]排队;排队论;v.[数]排队(queue的现在分词); pastry:n.油酥点心;面粉糕饼; cabinet:n.内阁;储藏柜;陈列柜;adj.内阁的;小房间用的;玲珑的;细木工做的; barista:n.咖啡师;咖啡吧员;
'"Next, please!" they shout. 「请下一位！」他们呼唤。
They can't see me. 他们看不见我。
The person next to me in the queue points to my existence and everyone is embarrassed . 队中站在我旁边的人指着我 以示我在,所有人都感到尴尬。
queue:n.行列;(存储的数据)队列;v.(人、车等)排队等候;(使)排队;列队等待; embarrassed:adj.尴尬的;窘迫的;v.使...局促不安;(embarrass的过去分词和过去式)
I order as quick as I can and I move along to collect my coffee. 我尽快点饮料, 向前走去拿我那杯咖啡。
Now, think just for a second. 现在试用一秒去想。
Where do they put it? 他们把咖啡放在哪里？
Up high and without a lid . 放在高处,杯子没有封盖。
lid:n.盖子;(容器的)盖;vt.给…盖盖子;
Reaching up to collect a coffee that I have paid for is an incredibly dangerous experience. 伸手去拿我付了钱买的咖啡 是一项异常危险的体验。
incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地;
But design also impinges on the clothes that I want to wear. 但设计也影响到我想穿的衣服。
I want garments that reflect my personality . 我要衣服反映我的个性。
garments:n.[服装]服装,衣着(garment的复数); reflect:v.反映;映出(影像);反射;表明,表达; personality:n.性格;个性;人格;魅力;气质;名人;特色;
It's difficult to find in the childrenswear department. 在童装部很难找到一件。
And often womenswear requires far too many alterations . 女装往往需要太多修改。
womenswear:n.(尤用于商店)女式服装; alterations:n.改变;变更;服装修改(alteration的复数);
I want shoes that affect my maturity , professionalism and sophistication . 我要鞋子体现我的成熟、 专業精神和丰富经验。
maturity:n.成熟;到期;完备; professionalism:n.专业主义;专家的地位;特性或方法; sophistication:n.复杂;诡辩;老于世故;有教养;
Instead, I'm offered sneakers with Velcro straps and light-up shoes. 人们反而给我附有魔鬼毡的 运动鞋和发光运动鞋。
sneakers:n.胶底运动鞋(sneaker的复数形式); Velcro:n.维可牢(一种尼龙搭扣的商标名称); straps:n.[机]皮带(strap的复数); v.用带捆扎;
Now, I'm not totally opposed to light-up shoes. 我不是完全反对发光运动鞋。
opposed:adj.强烈反对; v.反对(计划、政策等); (oppose的过去分词和过去式)
(Laughter) （笑声）
But design also impacts on such simple things,like sitting on a chair. 然而设计也影响 诸如坐在椅子上这样简单的事情。
I cannot go from a standing to a seating position with grace . 我总不能优雅地由直立转为坐下。
grace:n.优雅;恩惠;魅力;慈悲;v.使优美;
Due to the standards of design heights of chairs, 由于座椅的高度设计标准,
standards:n.标准,水平,规格(standard的复数)
I have to crawl on my hands and knees just to get on top of it, whilst also being conscious that it might tip over at any stage. 我要用双手和双膝才能爬到座椅上, 同时担心座椅可能随时倒下。
crawl:v.爬;匍匐行进;(昆虫)爬行;缓慢行进;n.爬泳;缓慢的速度;自由泳; whilst:conj.同时;时时,有时;当…的时候; conscious:adj.意识到的;故意的;神志清醒的; tip:n.小窍门,小费;v.给…小费;使倾斜;
But whilst design impacts on me whether it's a chair, a bathroom, a coffee shop, or clothes, 虽然设计影响着我, 无论座椅、洗手间、咖啡店或衣服,
I rely on and benefit from the kindness of strangers. 我依靠着陌生人的善心而获益不少。
rely:vi.依靠;信赖;
But not everybody is so nice. 然而并非每个人都这样好。
I'm reminded that I'm a little person when a stranger points, stares ,laughs,calls me a name, or takes a photograph of me. 当陌生人指向我、瞪我、笑我、侮辱我 或给我拍照, 就提醒我还是矮个子。
reminded:v.提醒;使想起;(remind的过去分词和过去式) stares:vi.凝视,盯着看;显眼;vt.凝视,盯着看;n.凝视;注视;
This happens almost every day. 这种事几乎每天都发生。
With the rise of social media , it has given me an opportunity and a platform to have a voice as a blogger and as an activist , but it has also made me nervous that I might become a meme or a viral sensation ,all without my consent . 社交媒体兴起使我有机会经营部落格 和成为活跃分子, 利用它作平台发声, 但也使我担心自己会在未经同意下 变成迷因或一夕爆红。
media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉; platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处; blogger:n.写博客的人;博客使用者; activist:n.积极分子;激进主义分子; meme:n.大脑模仿病毒;文化基因;弥母; viral:adj.滤过性毒菌引起的;滤过性毒菌的; sensation:n.感觉;轰动;感动; consent:vi.同意;赞成;答应;n.同意;(意见等的)一致;赞成;
So let's take a moment right now to make something very clear. 现在就让我们花点时间 把事情弄得清清楚楚。
The word " midget " is a slur . 「侏儒」这个词是蔑称。
midget:n.侏儒;极小者;adj.小型的; slur:v.诽谤;诋毁;污辱;连奏;n.诋毁;诽谤;污辱;连唱线;
It evolved from PT Barnum's era of circuses and freak shows. 它是从巴纳姆时代的 马戏团和畸形秀演变而成。
evolved:v.(使)逐渐形成;进化;进化形成;(evolve的过去分词和过去式) circuses:n.马戏团;有趣但无意义的事(circus的复数); freak:n.怪人,怪事;畸形人;反复无常;adj.奇异的,反常的;
Society has evolved. 社会已经变了。
So should our vocabulary. 我们的语彙也要变了。
Language is a powerful tool. 语言是一项强而有力的工具。
It does not just name our society. 它不只给我们的社会命名。
It shapes it. 它塑造社会。
I am incredibly proud to be a little person, to have inherited the condition of achondroplasia . 我为因软骨发育不全症遗传 而成为矮个子感到非常自豪。
inherited:v.继承(金钱、财产等);接替(责任等);继任;(inherit的过去式和过去分词) achondroplasia:n.[医]软骨发育不全;
But I am most proud to be Sinead. 但使我最自豪的是身为西尼德。
Achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism . 软骨发育不全症 是侏儒症最常见的形式。
dwarfism:n.[内科]侏儒症;矮小;
Achondroplasia translates as "without cartilage formation ." 软骨发育不全症的拉丁语源 译作「没有软骨形成」。
cartilage:n.软骨; formation:n.形成;编队;组成;队形;
I have short limbs and achondroplastic facial features,my forehead and my nose. 我四肢短小,面部特征如额头和 鼻子的软骨发育不全。
limbs:n.[解剖]四肢(limb的复数); achondroplastic:adj.软骨发育不全的;n.短腿; facial:adj.面部的,表面的;脸的,面部用的;n.美容,美颜;脸部按摩; forehead:n.前额;
My arms do not straighten fully,but I can lick my elbow . 我的双臂不能完全伸直, 但我却可以舔自己的肘部。
straighten:v.整顿;使…改正;好转; lick:v.舔;舔吃;舔着喝;掠过;轻松战胜;n.舔;一点儿(涂料); elbow:n.肘;弯头;肘状物;v.用肘推;挤进;讨价还价;
I'm not showing you that one. 我不会向大家示范这个。
Achondroplasia occurs in approximately one in every 20,000 births. 每约 2 万名新生婴 就有一名软骨发育不全症。
occurs:v.重现(occur的第三人称单数); approximately:adv.大约,近似地;近于;
80 percent of little people are born to two average-height parents. 80% 矮个子的双亲皆是中等身高。
little people:n.小老百姓;异常矮小的人;侏儒;"袖珍"人;
That means that anybody in this room could have a child with achondroplasia. 这意味这房间内任何人都可能 有一名软骨发育不全的子女。
Yet, I inherited my condition from my dad. 然而我是因父亲遗传而有这状况。
I'd like to show you a photo of my family. 我想给大家看看我的全家福照片。
My mother is average height, my father is a little person and I am the eldest of five children. 我的母亲是中等身高, 我的父亲是矮个子, 而我是五名子女中最年长的。
eldest:adj.最年长的;年事最高的(old的最高级);n.最年长者;
I have three sisters and one brother. 我有三名妹妹和一名弟弟。
They are all average height. 他们都是中等身高。
I am incredibly fortunate to have been born into a family that cultivated my curiosity and my tenacity , that protected me from the unkindness and ignorance of strangers 我十分榮幸能够诞生在这个家庭, 这个家庭培养我的好奇心和韧力, 让我免受陌生人的 不友善对待和愚昧影响,
fortunate:adj.幸运的;交好运的;吉利的; cultivated:adj.栽培的; v.栽培; (cultivate的过去式和过去分词) curiosity:n.好奇,好奇心;珍品,古董,古玩; tenacity:n.韧性;固执;不屈不挠;黏性; unkindness:n.不亲切;不近人情;不仁慈; ignorance:n.无知,愚昧;不知,不懂;
and that armed me with the resilience , creativity and confidence that I needed to survive and manipulate the physical environment and society. 使我能屈能伸、 充满创意、信心十足, 这些特质都是我所赖以生存 和驾驭物理环境和社会。
resilience:n.恢复力;弹力;顺应力; confidence:n.信心;信任;秘密;adj.(美)诈骗的;骗得信任的; manipulate:vt.操纵;操作;巧妙地处理;篡改;
If I was to pinpoint any reason why I am successful, it is because I was and I am a loved child, now, a loved child with a lot of sass and sarcasm , but a loved child nonetheless . 假如我要点出我成功的 任何一个原因, 那就是我一直到现在 都是一个受宠爱的孩子, 一个现在口没遮拦、 尖酸刻薄的受宠爱孩子, 但毕竟还是受宠爱孩子。
pinpoint:vt.查明; adj.精确的; n.针尖; sass:n.莽撞的行为;粗鲁的话;v.对…粗鲁地(或恶声恶气地)说话;对…出言不逊; sarcasm:n.讽刺;挖苦;嘲笑; nonetheless:adv.尽管如此,但是;
In giving you an insight into who I am today 今天我让大家了解我是谁,
insight:n.洞察力;洞悉;
I wanted to offer you a new perspective. 就是想给大家一个新视角。
I wanted to challenge the idea that design is but a tool to create function and beauty. 我要挑战的一个想法, 就是设计不外乎是 营造功能和美感的工具。
Design greatly impacts upon people's lives,all lives. 设计大大影响人们的生活, 所有人的生活。
greatly:adv.很,大大地;非常;
Design is a way in which we can feel included in the world, but it is also a way in which we can uphold a person's dignity and their human rights. 设计是让我们感到 获世界接纳的一种方式, 也是让我们维护一个人的 尊严和人权的一种方式。
uphold:v.支撑;鼓励;赞成;举起;
Design can also inflict vulnerability on a group whose needs aren't considered. 设计也可以使某一群体 处于弱势,其需要得不到考虑。
inflict:vt.造成;使遭受(损伤,痛苦等);给予(打击等); vulnerability:n.易损性;弱点;
So today, I want your perceptions challenged. 所以我想在今天挑战各位的观念。
perceptions:n.认知;观念(perception的复数);理解;
Who are we not designing for? 我们设计时忽略了谁？
How can we amplify their voices and their experiences? 我们可以怎样放大他们的声音、 增强他们的体验？
amplify:vt.放大,扩大;增强;详述;vi.详述;
What is the next step? 下一步是甚么？
Design is an enormous privilege ,but it is a bigger responsibility. 设计是一项庞大的特权, 但也涉及更大的责任。
enormous:adj.庞大的,巨大的;凶暴的,极恶的; privilege:n.特权;优待;v.给与…特权;特免;
I want you to open your eyes. 我想大家睁开眼睛。
Thank you so much. 感谢大家。
(Applause) （掌声）