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SherylSandberg_2013W-_我们向前了一步_接下来呢_
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| Pat Mitchell: Your first time back on the TEDWomen stage. |
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Pat:v.合适; n.拍打; adj.过于简易的; v.(喜爱地)轻拍;
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| Sheryl Sandberg: First time back. Nice to see everyone. It's always so nice to look out and see so many women. |
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Sheryl:n.谢乐尔(名,等于Shirley);
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| It's so not my regular experience, as I know anyone else's. |
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| PM: So when we first started talking about, maybe the subject wouldn't be social media , which we assumed it would be, but that you had very much on your mind the missing leadership positions, particularly in the sector of technology and social media. |
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media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉; assumed:adj.假定的;假设的;v.假定;假设;认为;承担;(assume的过去分词和过去式) particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; sector:n.部门;扇形,扇区;象限仪;函数尺;vt.把…分成扇形; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
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| But how did that evolve for you as a thought, and end up being the TED Talk that you gave? |
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evolve:v.(使)逐渐形成;进化;进化形成;
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| So I was really scared to get on this stage and talk about women, because I grew up in the business world, as I think so many of us did. |
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| You never talk about being a woman, because someone might notice that you're a woman, right? |
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| They might notice. Or worse, if you say "woman," people on the other end of the table think you're asking for special treatment , or complaining . |
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treatment:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论; complaining:adj.抱怨的;v.抱怨;控诉;(complain的现在分词)
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| Or worse, about to sue them. And so I went through -- (Laughter) |
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sue:v.控告;提起诉讼;(尤指在法庭上)提出请求;
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| Right? I went through my entire business career , and never spoke about being a woman, never spoke about it publicly. |
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career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历;
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| But I also had noticed that it wasn't working. |
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| I came out of college over 20 years ago, and I thought that all of my peers were men and women, all the people above me were all men, but that would change, |
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peers:n.平辈,同事(peer的复数);v.凝视;比得上(peer的三单形式);
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| because your generation had done such an amazing job fighting for equality, equality was now ours for the taking. And it wasn't. |
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| Because year after year , I was one of fewer and fewer, and now, often the only woman in a room. |
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year after year:年复一年地;每年;
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| And I talked to a bunch of people about, should I give a speech at TEDWomen about women, and they said, oh no, no. |
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a bunch of:一群;一束;一堆;
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| It will end your business career. You cannot be a serious business executive and speak about being a woman. You'll never be taken seriously again. |
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executive:n.管理人员; adj.经营管理的;
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| But fortunately , there were the few, the proud -- like you -- who told me I should give the speech, and I asked myself the question Mark Zuckerberg might -- the founder of Facebook and my boss -- asks all of us, which is what would I do if I wasn't afraid? |
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fortunately:adv.幸运地; founder:vi.失败;沉没;倒塌;变跛;vt.破坏;使摔倒;垮掉;n.创始人;建立者;翻沙工;
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| And the answer to what would I do if I wasn't afraid is I would get on the TED stage, and talk about women, and leadership. And I did, and survived. (Applause) |
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| PM: I would say, not only survived. I'm thinking of that moment, Sheryl, when you and I were standing backstage together, and you turned to me, and you told me a story. |
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backstage:adv.在后台;向后台;
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| And I said -- very last minute -- you know, you really should share that story. |
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| SS: Oh, yeah. PM: What was that story? |
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| SS: Well, it's an important part of the journey . So I had -- TEDWomen -- the original one was in D.C. -- so I live here, so I had gotten on a plane the day before, and my daughter was three, she was clinging to my leg: "Mommy, don't go." |
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journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行; original:n.原件;原作;原物;原型;adj.原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的; clinging:adj.紧身的; v.依附; (cling的现在分词)
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| And Pat's a friend, and so, not related to the speech I was planning on giving, which was chock full of facts and figures, and nothing personal , |
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chock full:adj.塞满了的;充满的,挤满的; personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词;
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| I told Pat the story. I said, well, I'm having a hard day. |
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| Yesterday my daughter was clinging to my leg, and "Don't go." |
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| And you looked at me and said, you have to tell that story. |
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| I said, on the TED stage? Are you kidding? |
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| I'm going to get on a stage and admit my daughter was clinging to my leg? |
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| And you said yes, because if you want to talk about getting more women into leadership roles, you have to be honest about how hard it is. |
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| And I did. And I think that's a really important part of the journey. |
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| The same thing happened when I wrote my book. I started writing the book. I wrote a first chapter, |
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| I thought it was fabulous . It was chock-full of data and figures, |
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fabulous:adj.难以置信的;传说的,寓言中的;极好的; chock-full:adj.塞满了的;充满的,挤满的;
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| I had three pages on matrilineal Maasai tribes, and their sociological patterns. |
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matrilineal:adj.母系的; sociological:adj.社会的(等于sociologic);社会学的;针对社会问题的;
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| My husband read it and he was like, this is like eating your Wheaties. (Laughter) |
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| No one -- and I apologize to Wheaties if there's someone -- no one, no one will read this book. |
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| And I realized through the process that I had to be more honest and more open, and I had to tell my stories. My stories of still not feeling as self-confident as I should, in many situations. My first and failed marriage. Crying at work. |
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process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; self-confident:adj.自信的;
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| Felling like I didn't belong there, feeling guilty to this day . |
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guilty:adj.有罪的;内疚的; to this day:至今;
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| And part of my journey, starting on this stage, going to " Lean In," going to the foundation , is all about being more open and honest about those challenges, so that other women can be more open and honest, and all of us can work together towards real equality. |
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Lean:v.前俯(或后仰):倾斜:adj.肉少的:难以赚钱的:贫乏的:n.瘦肉: foundation:n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立;
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| PM: I think that one of the most striking parts about the book, and in my opinion , one of the reasons it's hit such a nerve and is resonating around the world, |
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in my opinion:在我看来;我认为; nerve:n.神经;勇气;神经质;神经紧张;v.鼓足勇气;振作精神; resonating:v.产生共鸣;回响(resonate的ing形式);adj.产生共鸣的;n.感通;
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| is that you are personal in the book, and that you do make it clear that, while you've observed some things that are very important for other women to know, |
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observed:adj.观察的;观测的;v.观察;遵守;注意到(observe的过去分词形式);
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| that you've had the same challenges that many others of us have, as you faced the hurdles and the barriers and possibly the people who don't believe the same. |
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hurdles:n.障碍;跨栏;跨栏跑;障碍赛跑(hurdle的复数); barriers:n.障碍;栅栏;篱笆墙(barrier的复数形式);
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| So talk about that process: deciding you'd go public with the private part, and then you would also put yourself in the position of something of an expert on how to resolve those challenges. |
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resolve:vt.决定; vi.解决; n.坚决;
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| SS: After I did the TED Talk, what happened was -- you know, I never really expected to write a book, I'm not an author, I'm not a writer, and it was viewed a lot, and it really started impacting people's lives. |
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impacting:[力]冲击;[力]撞击;[物]碰撞(impact的现在分词);
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| I got this great --- one of the first letters I got was from a woman who said that she was offered a really big promotion at work, and she turned it down, |
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| and she told her best friend she turned it down, and her best friend said, you really need to watch this TED Talk. |
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| And so she watched this TED Talk, and she went back the next day, she took the job, she went home, and she handed her husband the grocery list. (Laughter) |
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grocery:n.食品杂货店;食品杂货;
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| And she said, I can do this. |
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| And what really mattered to me -- it wasn't only women in the corporate world, even though I did hear from a lot of them, and it did impact a lot of them, it was also people of all different circumstances . |
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corporate:adj.公司的;组成公司(或团体)的;法人的;社团的; circumstances:n.情况;环境;情形;(circumstance的复数)
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| There was a doctor I met who was an attending physician at Johns Hopkins, and he said that until he saw my TED Talk, it never really occurred to him that even though half the students in his med school classes were women, they weren't speaking as much as the men as he did his rounds. |
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physician:n.[医]医师;内科医师; occurred:v.发生;出现;存在于;出现在;(occur的过去分词和过去式)
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| So he started paying attention, and as he waited for raised hands, he realized the men's hands were up. |
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| So he started encouraging the women to raise their hands more, and it still didn't work. |
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| So he told everyone, no more hand raising, I'm cold-calling . |
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cold-calling:n.不请自来的推销;
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| So he could call evenly on men and women. And what he proved to himself was that the women knew the answers just as well or better, and he was able to go back to them and tell them that. |
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evenly:adv.均匀地;平衡地;平坦地;平等地;
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| And then there was the woman, stay-at-home mom, lives in a really difficult neighborhood , with not a great school, she said that TED Talk -- she's never had a corporate job, but that TED Talk inspired her to go to her school and fight for a better teacher for her child. |
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stay-at-home:adj.不爱出门的;经常呆在家里的;n.不爱出门的人;经常呆在家里的人; neighborhood:n.附近;地区;街坊;adj.附近的; inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式)
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| And I guess it was part of was finding my own voice. |
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| And I realized that other women and men could find their voice through it, which is why I went from the talk to the book. |
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| PM: And in the book, you not only found your voice, which is clear and strong in the book, but you also share what you've learned -- the experiences of other people in the lessons. |
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| And that's what I'm thinking about in terms of putting yourself in a -- you became a sort of expert in how you lean in. |
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| So what did that feel like, and become like in your life? |
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| To launch not just a book, not just a best-selling , best-viewed talk, but a movement, where people began to literally describe their actions at work as, |
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launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射; best-selling:adj.最畅销的;畅销作品的;n.畅销品; literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形;
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| I'm leaning in. |
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leaning:n.倾向;偏向;爱好;v.前俯(或后仰);倾斜;倚靠;(lean的现在分词)
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| SS: I mean, I'm grateful, I'm honored, I'm happy, and it's the very beginning. |
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| So I don't know if I'm an expert, or if anyone is an expert. I certainly have done a lot of research. |
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| I have read every study, I have pored over the materials, and the lessons are very clear. Because here's what we know: |
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pored:adj.有孔的;v.注视(pore的过去分词);
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| What we know is that stereotypes are holding women back from leadership roles all over the world. |
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stereotypes:n.模式化观念(或形象); v.对…形成模式化(或类型化)的看法; (stereotype的第三人称单数和复数)
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| It's so striking. "Lean In" is very global , I've been all over the world, talking about it, and -- cultures are so different. |
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global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
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| Even within our own country, to Japan, to Korea, to China, to Asia, Europe, they're so different. Except for one thing : gender . |
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for one thing:首先;一则; gender:n.性别;
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| All over the world, no matter what our cultures are, we think men should be strong, assertive , aggressive , have voice; we think women should speak when spoken to, help others. |
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no matter what:不管什么…; assertive:adj.肯定的;独断的;坚定而自信的; aggressive:adj.侵略性的;好斗的;有进取心的;有闯劲的;
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| Now we have, all over the world, women are called " bossy ." There is a word for "bossy," |
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bossy:adj.专横的;浮雕装饰的;爱指挥他人的;n.母牛;牛犊;
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| for little girls, in every language there's one. |
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| It's a word that's pretty much not used for little boys, because if a little boy leads, there's no negative word for it, it's expected. But if a little girl leads, she's bossy. |
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negative:adj.[数]负的;消极的;否定的;阴性的;n.否定;负数;[摄]底片;v.否定;拒绝;
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| Now I know there aren't a lot of men here, but bear with me. |
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| If you're a man, you'll have to represent your gender. |
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represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送;
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| Please raise your hand if you've been told you're too aggressive at work. |
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| (Laughter) There's always a few, it runs about five percent. Okay, get ready, gentlemen. |
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| If you're a woman, please raise your hand if you've ever been told you're too aggressive at work. |
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| (Laughter) That is what audiences have said in every country in the world, and it's deeply supported by the data. |
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| Now, do we think women are more aggressive than men? Of course not. |
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| It's just that we judge them through a different lens , and a lot of the character traits that you must exhibit to perform at work, to get results, to lead, are ones that we think, in a man, he's a boss, and in a woman, she's bossy. |
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lens:n.透镜,镜头;晶状体;隐形眼镜;汽车的灯玻璃;v.给…摄影; traits:n.特性,特质,性格(trait的复数); exhibit:v.展览;表现;展出;n.陈列品;(在法庭上出示的)物证; perform:v.表演;执行;履行;演出;工作,运转(好/不好);
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| And the good news about this is that we can change this by acknowledging it. |
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| One of the happiest moments I had in this whole journey is, after the book came out, I stood on a stage with John Chambers , the CEO of Cisco . |
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Chambers:n.内庭(chamber的复数); Cisco:n.加拿大白鲑(一种青鱼);Cisco公司(是企业网络产品的全球领先供应商);
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| He read the book. He stood on a stage with me, he invited me in front of his whole management team, men and women, and he said, I thought we were good at this. I thought I was good at this. |
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management:n.管理;管理人员;管理部门;操纵;经营手段;
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| And then I read this book, and I realized that we -- my company -- we have called all of our senior women too aggressive, and I'm standing on this stage, and I'm sorry. |
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senior:adj.大;级别(或地位)高的;成人的;高级水平的;n.上级;上司;较…年长的人;
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| And I want you to know we're never going to do it again. |
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| PM: Can we send that to a lot of other people that we know? (Applause) |
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| SS: And so John is doing that because he believes it's good for his company, and so this kind of acknowledgement of these biases can change it. |
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acknowledgement:n.承认;确认;感谢; biases:n.偏差,偏见(bias的复数形式);v.偏见(bias的三单形式);
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| And so next time you all see someone call a little girl "bossy," |
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| you walk right up to that person, big smile, and you say, "That little girl's not bossy. That little girl has executive leadership skills." (Laughter) |
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| PM: I know that's what you're telling your daughter. SS: Absolutely . |
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Absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地;
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| PM: And you did focus in the book -- and the reason, as you said, in writing it, was to create a dialogue about this. |
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| I mean, let's just put it out there, face the fact that women are -- in a time when we have more open doors, and more opportunities -- are still not getting to the leadership positions. |
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| So in the months that have come since the book, in which "Lean In" focused on that and said, here are some of the challenges that remain, and many of them we have to own within ourselves and look at ourselves. What has changed? |
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| Have you seen changes? |
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| SS: Well, there's certainly more dialogue, which is great. |
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| But what really matters to me, and I think all of us, is action. |
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| So everywhere I go, CEOs, they're mostly men, say to me, you're costing me so much money because all the women want to be paid as much as the men. |
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| And to them I say, I'm not sorry at all. (Laughter) |
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| At all. I mean, the women should be paid as much as the men. |
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| Everywhere I go, women tell me they ask for raises. |
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| Everywhere I go, women say they're getting better relationships with their spouses , asking for more help at home, asking for the promotions they should be getting at work, and importantly, believing it themselves. Even little things. |
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spouses:配偶; promotions:n.促销;升职(promotion复数);
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| One of the governors of one of the states told me that he didn't realize that more women were, in fact, literally sitting on the side of the room, which they are, and now he made a rule that all the women on his staff need to sit at the table. |
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| The foundation I started along with the book "Lean In" |
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| helps women, or men, start circles -- small groups, it can be 10, it can be however many you want, which meet once a month. |
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| I would have hoped that by now, we'd have about 500 circles. That would've been great. |
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| You know, 500 times roughly 10. |
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roughly:adv.粗糙地;概略地;
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| There are over 12,000 circles in 50 countries in the world. |
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| PM: Wow, that's amazing. |
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| SS: And these are people who are meeting every single month. |
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| I met one of them, I was in Beijing. |
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| A group of women, they're all about 29 or 30, they started the first Lean In circle in Beijing, several of them grew up in very poor, rural China. |
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rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的;
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| These women are 29, they are told by their society that they are "left over," |
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| because they are not yet married, and the process of coming together once a month at a meeting is helping them define who they are for themselves. |
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define:v.定义;使明确;规定;
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| What they want in their careers . The kind of partners they want, if at all. |
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careers:n.职业(career的复数);事业;职业生涯;v.全速前进(career的三单形式);
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| I looked at them, we went around and introduced ourselves, and they all said their names and where they're from, and I said, I'm Sheryl Sandberg, and this was my dream. |
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| And I kind of just started crying. |
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| Right, which, I admit, I do. Right? I've talked about it before. |
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| But the fact that a woman so far away out in the world, who grew up in a rural village, who's being told to marry someone she doesn't want to marry, can now go meet once a month with a group of people and refuse that, and find life on her own terms. |
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| That's the kind of change we have to hope for. |
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| PM: Have you been surprised by the global nature of the message? |
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| Because I think when the book first came out, many people thought, well, this is a really important handbook for young women on their way up. |
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handbook:n.手册;指南;
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| They need to look at this, anticipate the barriers, and recognize them, put them out in the open , have the dialogue about it, but that it's really for women who are that. Doing that. Pursuing the corporate world. |
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anticipate:v.预期,期望;占先,抢先;提前使用; recognize:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到; in the open:在户外;在野外; Pursuing:v.追求;致力于;贯彻;跟踪;追赶;(pursue的现在分词)
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| And yet the book is being read, as you say, in rural and developing countries. |
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| What part of that has surprised you, and perhaps led to a new perspective on your part? |
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perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的;
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| SS: The book is about self-confidence , and about equality. |
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self-confidence:n.自信;
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| And it turns out, everywhere in the world, women need more self-confidence, because the world tell us we're not equal to men. |
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| Everywhere in the world, we live in a world where the men get "and," |
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| and women get "or." |
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| I've never met a man who's been asked how he does it all. (Laughter) |
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| Again, I'm going to turn to the men in the audience: |
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| Please raise your hand if you've been asked, how do you do it all? |
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| (Laughter) |
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| Men only. |
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| Women, women. Please raise your hand if you've been asked how you do it all? |
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| We assume men can do it all, slash -- have jobs and children. |
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slash:n.斜线;伤口;切口;斜线号;撒尿;vt.劈;大幅度削减;大大降低
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| We assume women can't, and that's ridiculous , because the great majority of women everywhere in the world, including the United States, work full time and have children. |
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ridiculous:adj.可笑的;荒谬的; majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人: United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) full time:adj.专职的;全日制的;全部时间的;
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| And I think people don't fully understand how broad the message is. |
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| There is a circle that's been started for rescued sex workers in Miami. |
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rescued:v.营救;援救;抢救;(rescue的过去分词和过去式)
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| They're using "Lean In" to help people make the transition back to what would be a fair life, really rescuing them from their pimps , and using it. |
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transition:n.过渡;转变;变革;变迁;v.经历转变过程;过渡; rescuing:v.营救;援救;抢救;(rescue的现在分词) pimps:n.皮条客;男妓;vi.拉皮条;
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| There are dress-for-success groups in Texas which are using the book, for women who have never been to college. |
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| And we know there are groups all the way to Ethiopia . |
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Ethiopia:n.埃塞俄比亚;
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| And so these messages of equality -- of how women are told they can't have what men can have -- how we assume that leadership is for men, how we assume that voice is for men, these affect all of us, and I think they are very universal . |
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universal:adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的;
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| And it's part of what TEDWomen does. |
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| It unites all of us in a cause we have to believe in, which is more women, more voice, more equality. |
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unites:联合;合并;
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| PM: If you were invited now to make another TEDWomen talk, what would you say that is a result of this experience, for you personally , and what you've learned about women, and men, as you've made this journey? |
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personally:adv.个人;亲自;本人;就本人而言;
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| SS: I think I would say -- I tried to say this strongly, but I think I can say it more strongly -- |
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| I want to say that the status quo is not enough. |
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status quo:n.现状;原来的状况;
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| That it's not good enough, that it's not changing quickly enough. |
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| Since I gave my TED Talk and published my book, another year of data came out from the U.S. Census . |
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Census:vt.实施统计调查;n.人口普查,人口调查;
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| And you know what we found? |
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| No movement in the wage gap for women in the United States. |
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wage:v.发动;n.(通常指按周领的)工资; gap:n.差距;间隙;缺口;间隔;v.使豁裂;豁开;
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| Seventy-seven cents to the dollar. |
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| If you are a black woman, 64 cents. |
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| If you are a Latina, we're at 54 cents. |
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| Do you know when the last time those numbers went up? |
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| 2002. |
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| We are stagnating , we are stagnating in so many ways. |
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stagnating:vi.停滞;淤塞;变萧条;vt.使淤塞;使沉滞;使萧条;
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| And I think we are not really being honest about that, for so many reasons. It's so hard to talk about gender. |
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| We shy away from the word " feminist ," a word I really think we need to embrace . |
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feminist:n.男女平等主义者;adj.主张男女平等的; embrace:n.拥抱,怀抱;v.拥抱;乐意采纳(思想、建议等);信奉;包括;
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| We have to get rid of the word bossy and bring back -- |
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| (Applause) |
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| I think I would say in a louder voice, we need to get rid of the word "bossy" |
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| and bring back the word "feminist," because we need it. |
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| (Applause) |
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| PM: And we all need to do a lot more leaning in. |
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| SS: A lot more leaning in. |
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| PM: Thank you, Sheryl. |
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| Thanks for leaning in and saying yes. |
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| SS: Thank you. |
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| (Applause) |
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