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SharonWeinberger_2020S-_身处庞大且不受管制的监控技术世界之中_-
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| A few years ago, an American defense consultant I know told me about a trip he took to Uzbekistan . |
几年前, 我认识的一位美国国防顾问 为我讲述了他在 乌兹别克斯坦的一段旅行。 |
| His role there was to help sell technology that the Uzbek government could use to spy on its own citizens. |
他在那里的任务是 协助技术销售, 通过该技术,乌兹别克斯坦政府 可以对国民进行监视。 |
| He eventually shared with me the marketing material he'd presented to the Uzbek government. |
他最终向我分享了 他向乌兹别克斯坦政府 提交的营销材料。 |
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consultant:n.顾问;高级顾问医师;会诊医师; Uzbekistan:n.乌兹别克斯坦; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; eventually:adv.最后,终于;
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| One glossy brochure featured technology that could not just intercept phone calls, but identify the caller, regardless of what phone number they were using, based on their unique voiceprint , and then identify their exact geographic location . |
这本印刷精美的小册子, 介绍了不但可以拦截电话, 而且可以识别 来电者身份的技术, 该技术不受其所 使用的电话号码的约束, 而是基于他们独特的声纹, 之后还能确定他们的 确切地理位置。 |
| This is a guy who had been involved with the arms trade for years. |
这是个参与军火贸易多年的人。 |
| He wasn't some Hollywood-type gunrunner doing backroom deals. |
他不是那种好莱坞式的, 在密室交易的军火走私商。 |
| He was just a guy that worked with legitimate Western companies to help sell their weapons abroad . |
他只是一个与西方合法公司合作, 协助外销武器的人。 |
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glossy:adj.光滑的;有光泽的; brochure:n.手册,小册子; intercept:v.拦截;截断;窃听;n.拦截;[数]截距;截获的情报; identify:v.识别:鉴定:确认:发现: regardless:adj.不管的; v.不顾后果地; unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物; voiceprint:n.声纹; geographic:adj.地理的;地理学的; location:n.地方;地点;位置;定位 involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词) gunrunner:n.军火走私者; backroom:n.密室;后房;adj.暗中的,私下的;在密室中的; legitimate:adj.合法的;正当的;合理的;正统的;v.使合法;认为正当(等于legitimize); abroad:adv.在国外;到海外;adj.往国外的;n.海外;异国;
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| But he wasn't bothered by marketing this sort of technology. |
但让他感到烦恼的 并不是营销之类的技术。 |
| For him, it was just the next step in the arms trade. |
对他而言,这只是 军火交易的下一步。 |
| And it was even easier than, say, selling weapons to Iraq, because it didn't require an export license from the US State Department , the way most arms sales would. |
它甚至比,比如说, 卖武器给伊拉克还容易, 因为这不需要从美国政府 那里获得出口许可, 后者是大部分军火销售 需要经历的 必要流程。 |
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bothered:adj.烦(恼)的; v.使(某人)烦恼; export:n.出口;[无线电]呼叫;出口货;输出额;v.出口;排出;adj.输出的; license:v.许可;批准; State Department:n.(美国)国务院;
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| It turns out that these tools of surveillance are almost completely unregulated , because as of today, they're not defined as weapons. |
事实证明,这些监视工具 几乎完全不受监管, 因为它们迄今 仍未被定义为武器。 |
| But they should be, and we need to regulate them that way. |
但是理应如此,而且我们 需要对之加以管理。 |
| I'm a journalist who has spent the last two decades looking at how the military and intelligence world spurs the development of new science and technology. |
我是一名记者, 在过去的二十年里, 我一直在关注 军事和情报界是如何 促进新型科技发展的。 |
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surveillance:n.监督;监视; unregulated:adj.未经调节的;[仪]未校准的; defined:adj.有定义的,确定的; v.使明确; journalist:n.新闻工作者;报人;记日志者; military:adj.军事的;军人的;适于战争的;n.军队;军人; spurs:n.马刺(spur的复数);
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| I've tracked the emergence of new weapons and looked to see what happens when companies start to market these weapons abroad. |
我对新式武器的出现 进行了追踪, 并希望弄清 当公司开始向国外销售 这些武器时会发生什么。 |
| But what is a weapon in the information age? |
但是,在信息时代, 什么算是武器呢？ |
| We know that armed drones are weapons, missiles and bombs are weapons, but the State Department actually classifies broad categories of technologies as weapons. |
我们知道武装无人机是武器, 导弹和炸弹是武器, 但是事实上,被美国国务院 归类为武器的技术种类很广泛。 |
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tracked:v.跟踪;追踪;(track的过去分词和过去式) emergence:n.出现,浮现;发生;露头; drones:v.嗡嗡叫;嗡嗡响;(drone的第三人称单数) missiles:n.导弹;发射物;投掷物;(missile的复数) classifies:v.将…分类;将…归类;划分;界定;(classify的第三人称单数) categories:n.(人或事物的)类别,种类(category的复数) technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数);
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| So for example, a scientist going abroad on an oceanographic research vessel , they want to take the latest night-vision goggles ? |
比如,一个科学家 乘远洋勘探船去往国外, 想要佩戴最新的夜视镜。 |
| That, according to the State Department, is potentially a weapon. |
根据国务院的说法, 这也是潜在的武器。 |
| Why? |
为什么？ |
| Well, because though night-vision goggles are used today by scientists and hunters around the world, it was a capability first developed for the military. |
因为虽然夜视镜目前被科学家 和猎人在世界范围内使用, 但是它的功能最初 是为军事用途开发的。 |
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oceanographic:adj.海洋学的;有关海洋学的(等于oceanographical); vessel:n.器皿;轮船;脉管;大船; goggles:n.护目镜;风镜;游泳镜;v.瞪大眼睛看;(goggle的第三人称单数和复数) according to:根据,据说; potentially:adv.可能地,潜在地; capability:n.才能,能力;性能,容量;
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| And yet, tools of surveillance that an authoritarian regime could use to spy on its own citizens, on dissidents , on journalists , that, according to the US government today, is not a weapon. |
然而根据国务院目前的说法, 那些可以被专制政权用来 对公民、持不同政见者和记者 进行监视的工具, |
| And yet, these tools of surveillance are part of a growing secretive multi-billion-dollar industry. |
然而,这些监视工具是 一个价值数十亿美金的, 不断增长的秘密行业。 |
| The genesis of this spy bazaar goes back some 18 years, to a Hilton hotel in northern Virginia , just a few miles away from the US Central Intelligence Agency . |
这个间谍市场的起源 可以追溯到大约 18 年前, 北弗吉尼亚的一家希尔顿酒店里。 这里离美国中央情报局 只有几英里远。 |
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authoritarian:adj.独裁主义的;权力主义的;n.权力主义者;独裁主义者; regime:n.政权,政体;社会制度;管理体制; dissidents:公开大唱反调者;持异议者;持不同政见者; journalists:n.新闻记者(journalist的复数); secretive:adj.秘密的;偷偷摸摸的;促进分泌的; multi-billion-dollar:几十亿美元; genesis:n.发生;起源; bazaar:n.集市;市场;义卖市场; Virginia:adj.弗吉尼亚州的; Central Intelligence Agency:un.[政]中央情报局;
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| A few dozen people, mostly dark-suited men, gathered there in the spring of 2002 for a conference with the unassuming name of ISS World. |
几十个人, 大多是 穿着黑色西装的男子, 于 2002 年春天聚集在那里, 为了参加一个被低调命名为 “ISS 世界” 的会议。 |
| You know, at first glance , this conference probably looked like dozens of events that used to take place around the Washington, DC area. |
乍一看,这个会议好像与几十个 在华盛顿特区周边 举行的活动很相似。 |
| But this event was unique. |
但是,这次活动很特殊。 |
| ISS stands for Intelligence Support Systems, and the people who were there were from companies that built technologies to spy on private communications. |
ISS 代表“情报支持系统”, 而参会人员 都来自研发用以监视 私人通信的技术公司。 |
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conference:n.会议;研讨会;商讨会;体育协会(或联合会) unassuming:adj.谦逊的;不装腔作势的;不出风头的; at first glance:乍一看,初看;第一眼就…; take place:发生;举行;
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| In other words, these were sort of wire-tappers for hire. |
换而言之,他们都是 受雇的窃听人员。 |
| And the reason they were there was that less than a year earlier, the 9/11 terrorist attacks on New York and Washington had spurred the Congress to press through legislation known as the Patriot Act. |
他们聚集在此的原因是, 不到一年前, 发生在纽约和华盛顿的 9/11 恐怖袭击 促使国会通过了 《爱国者法案》的立法。 |
| This gave the government broad new authorities to monitor communications. |
该法案给与了政府 更宽泛的权力 来监控通信。 |
| Emails, internet activity, phone calls, even financial transactions . |
电子邮件、网上活动、电话通话、 甚至是金融交易。 |
| This created an instant demand for data. |
这就产生了对数据的即时需求。 |
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spurred:adj.装有马刺的;有花距的;v.鞭策;教唆(spur的过去分词); Congress:n.国会;代表大会;会议;社交; legislation:n.立法;法律; Patriot:n.爱国者; authorities:n.权力;威权;职权;批准;(authority的复数) financial:adj.金融的;财政的,财务的; transactions:n.处理,[图情]会报;汇报(transaction复数); instant:n.瞬间; adj.立即的; conj.同"assoonas";
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| And in the true American entrepreneurial spirit, an industry rose up to help collect this data. |
出于真正的美国创业精神, 一个帮助收集数据的产业应运而生。 |
| But back in 2002, this was still a pretty modest affair. |
但是,在 2002 年, 这仍然只是一件 相当低调的事情。 |
| Only about 10 percent of the world's population was even online using the internet. |
世界上只有大约 10% 的人口 在使用互联网。 |
| So most of what was being collected were simple emails and phone calls over landlines and cell phones. |
所以收集到的大部分数据 只是简单的电子邮件 和通过座机或手机 进行的电话通话。 |
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entrepreneurial:adj.企业家的,创业者的;中间商的; modest:adj.些许的;谦虚的; landlines:陆上通信线(landline的复数);
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| But over the next few years, the way that we communicate began to change rapidly. |
但是在接下来的几年里, 我们的交流方式 发生了急速变化。 |
| There was the introduction of Skype , Facebook and then, crucially , the iPhone, and within a few years, billions of us were walking around with little computers in our pockets |
出现了 Skype、Facebook, 之后是至关重要的 iPhone。 在几年之间, 数十亿人口袋里都装着 一部小型电脑,四处走动。 |
| that do everything from monitor our exercise habits to help us find romantic partners. |
这些设备可以做任何事情, 从监控我们的运动习惯 到帮助我们找到恋爱对象。 |
| And suddenly, you didn't necessarily need the advanced capability of the National Security Agency or big telecoms to monitor everyone's communication. |
突然间,你不再需要 国家安全局的先进能力 或者大型的电信业 来监控每个人的通信交流。 |
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Skype:n.网络电话(一个网络语音沟通工具); crucially:adv.关键地;至关重要地; romantic:adj.浪漫的;爱情的;n.浪漫的人;耽于幻想的人; necessarily:adv.必要地;必定地,必然地; advanced:adj.先进的; v.前进; (advance的过去式和过去分词形式) telecoms:n.电信(telecom的复数形式);电信学;
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| In some cases, all you needed was access to that device in their pockets. |
在某些情况下, 你所需要的只是接触 他们口袋里的那个设备。 |
| And that gave birth to an entirely new type of industry. |
这就诞生了一个全新的产业。 |
| You know, not many companies can build missiles or aircraft , but it doesn't take a lot of capital to create software that can hack into someone's smartphone . |
要知道,不是所有的公司 都能够建造导弹或飞机, 但不需要很多资金就可以发明 用来非法入侵他人 智能手机的软件。 |
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device:n.装置;策略;图案; aircraft:n.飞机,航空器; hack:n.砍; v.砍; adj.出租的; smartphone:n.智能手机;
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| Computer hackers have been around for years, but now their skills could be used to build technologies that were in high demand by law enforcement and intelligence agencies . |
电脑黑客已经存在很多年了, 但现在他们的技能 可以被利用来打造 对执法和情报机构 都有很高需求的技术。 |
| And soon, dozens and even hundreds of companies were getting into this wire-tappers' market. |
很快,几十个甚至上百个公司 纷纷开始进入窃听装置市场。 |
| And that little conference in Virginia, it grew and soon became known as the Wiretappers' Ball. |
而那个在弗吉尼亚 召开的小型会议 很快发展成了众所周知的 “窃听者舞会”。 |
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hackers:n.黑客,骇客;电脑黑客(hacker的复数); have been around:见识(很)多;世故(很)深;遍布全球;世故深;遍布各地; enforcement:n.执行,实施;强制; agencies:n.代理;代理处(agency的复数);
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| Well, not much was known about the Wiretappers' Ball in those early years, because the conferences were closed to everyone except the companies and their government customers. |
当然在早期, 人们对窃听者舞会 知之甚少, 因为会议并不对公司 和政府客户之外的人开放。 |
| But journalists did begin to see and hear reports of companies getting into this private spy market. |
但是记者们的确 开始注意到关于 这些公司进入了 私人间谍市场, |
| Spooky entrepreneurs going around the world, doing deals, often with authoritarian regimes . |
“幽灵企业家们”在世界各地 与专制政权 进行交易的报道。 |
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conferences:n.会议(conference的复数形式); Spooky:adj.幽灵般的;有鬼般的;令人毛骨悚然的; entrepreneurs:n.企业家;(entrepreneur的复数) regimes:n.政治制度,政权,政体(regime的名词复数);
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| And it was, from the start, a really loosely regulated market. |
从一开始,这就是 一个监管松散的市场。 |
| Some countries do require permission to sell these technologies abroad, but rarely with the type of scrutiny that is given to traditional arms. |
一些国家向国外出售 这些技术确实需要许可。 但是,很少对其采取 用于传统武器的审查规格。 |
| So for example, the Italian-based company Hacking Team reportedly sold its technology to authoritarian regimes in Egypt and Kazakhstan. |
比如,据报道,总部位于 意大利的“黑客团队” 将其技术卖给了位于 埃及和哈萨克斯坦的 独裁政权。 |
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loosely:adv.宽松地;放荡地;轻率地; rarely:adv.很少地;难得;罕有地; scrutiny:n.详细审查;监视;细看;选票复查; traditional:传统的,惯例的, Hacking:v.黑客行为;砍;劈;猛踢;(hack的现在分词) reportedly:adv.据报道;据传闻;
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| The Israeli-based company NSO Group has reportedly sold its technology to the regime in Saudi Arabia , which has been accused of harassing , and even, in one case, killing one of its political opponents . |
报道称驻以色列的 NSO 集团把技术卖给了 沙特阿拉伯政权。 该政权被指控骚扰, 甚至在一起事件中 杀害了它的政治对手。 |
| And we do think of weapons as things that kill people. |
我们视武器为杀人之物。 |
| But in the information age, some of the most powerful weapons are things that can track and identify us. |
但是在信息时代, 其中一些最强有力的武器就是那些可以 对我们进行追踪和身份识别的东西。 |
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Saudi:adj.沙乌地阿拉伯(人或语)的;n.沙乌地阿拉伯人; Arabia:n.阿拉伯半岛(亚洲西南部,等于ArabianPeninsula); accused:v.控告;控诉;谴责;(accuse的过去分词和过去式) harassing:v.侵扰;骚扰;不断攻击(敌人);(harass的现在分词) opponents:n.对手(opponent的复数形式);
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| This is something that the Pentagon and CIA have recognized for years, and they've tried to build technologies that can track people, suspected terrorists, around the globe. |
五角大楼和中央情报局在多年前 就对此有了充分的了解, 并且已经在打造可以 在全球范围内对人、 对恐怖嫌疑分子进行追踪的技术。 |
| The Pentagon has invested in something called smart dust, little microsensors the size of specs of dust that you could scatter on people without them knowing it, and then use it to track their location. |
五角大楼投资了某个 被称为“智能微尘”的东西, 这是一种很小的微传感器, 大小规格如同尘土, 可以被抛撒在人身上 而不被发现, 并在此后用来追踪 他们的所在位置。 |
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Pentagon:n.五角形; recognized:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;(recognize的过去分词和过去式) suspected:v.怀疑;不信任;(suspect的过去分词和过去式) invested:v.投资;投入;(invest的过去分词和过去式) specs:abbr.规格,说明书(specifications);眼镜(spectacles); scatter:v.分散;驱散;散开;撒播;n.散落;三三两两;
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| The Pentagon, through its venture capital firm, has invested in a beauty products company once featured in " Oprah Magazine" |
通过它的风险投资公司, 五角大楼 对一家曾被奥普拉杂志报道过的 美容产品公司经行了投资。 |
| to build a device that could surreptitiously collect DNA just by swiping across the skin. |
这家公司制造了一种装置, 仅仅通过滑过皮肤, 就可以偷偷地收集 DNA。 |
| But something remarkable has happened over the past decade. |
但是在过去的几十年来, 发生了一些引人注目的事情。 |
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venture capital:风险投资; Oprah:n.奥普拉(美国电视节目主持人); surreptitiously:adv.偷偷地;秘密地;不正当地; swiping:v.挥拳打;扬起巴掌打;挥起(物体)击打;偷窃;刷(磁卡);(swipe的现在分词) remarkable:adj.卓越的;非凡的;值得注意的;
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| In many cases, what the private marketplace has been able to do has far outstripped what the Pentagon or CIA even thought was possible. |
在许多情况下,私人市场 所能够做的事情 已经远远超过了五角大楼或 中央情报局对可能性的认知。 |
| Back in 2008, the Pentagon had a secretive database of DNA from terrorists. |
回到 2008 年, 五角大楼有一个秘密的 恐怖分子的 DNA 数据库。 |
| It had about 80,000 samples. |
它拥有约 8 万个样本。 |
| Well, the private company AncestryDNA today has samples from over 15 million people. |
而私人企业 AncestryDNA 如今拥有超过 1500 万人的样本。 |
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marketplace:n.市场;集市; outstripped:vt.超过(outstrip的过去式); private company:n.[商]私营企业;
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| 23andMe, the second-largest genealogical database, has samples from over 10 million people. |
23andMe 是第二大谱系数据库, 拥有超过 1000 万人的样本。 |
| So now, maybe you don't need these James Bond-worthy techniques of collecting DNA if we're willingly handing it over to private companies and even paying for the honor of doing it. |
所以现在,你也许不需要 詹姆斯·邦德才有权使用的技术 来收集 DNA, 前提是你愿意 把它交付给私人公司, 并且为此事付出 荣誉的代价。 |
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genealogical:adj.宗谱的;系谱的;家系的; techniques:n.技巧;技艺;工艺;技术;(technique的复数) willingly:adv.欣然地;愿意地,乐意地;
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| Well, what could you do with a sample of someone's DNA? |
那么,你能用人类的 DNA 样品做些什么呢？ |
| In the United States and China, researchers are working on using DNA samples to build images of people's faces. |
在美国和中国, 研究人员正在开展利用 DNA 样本 来构建人脸图像的研究。 |
| So if you pair DNA with facial recognition technology, you have the basis of a really powerful surveillance system that could be used to track individuals or entire ethnic groups. |
如果你将 DNA 与 人脸识别技术相比对的话, 你就为一个非常强大的 监控系统奠定了基础。 它可以被用来追踪 个人或整个种族。 |
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United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数) facial:adj.面部的,表面的;脸的,面部用的;n.美容,美颜;脸部按摩; recognition:n.识别;认识;承认;认可; individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数); ethnic:adj.种族的;人种的;
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| And if you think that sounds a little bit paranoid , keep in mind that the Pentagon last year sent out a memo to all of its service members, warning them precisely not to use those commercial DNA kits |
如果你认为这个听起来 有些偏执的话, 那么要记住,去年五角大楼 将一份备忘录发给了 所有的在役人员, 正是在警告他们不要使用 那些商业 DNA 试剂盒, |
| over concerns that information could be used to track them or their family members. |
因为担心信息会被用来对他们 或他们的家人进行追踪。 |
| And yet, even with the Pentagon raising concerns about this technology, almost nothing has been done to reign in this market. |
但是,即使五角大楼 提高了对这一技术的担忧, 却几乎没有采取任何行动 来管理这一市场。 |
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paranoid:adj.类似妄想狂的;属于偏执狂的;n.患妄想狂的人;偏执狂患者; keep in mind:记住; memo:n.备忘录; commercial:adj.贸易的;商业的;赢利的;以获利为目的的;n.(电台或电视播放的)广告; kits:n.装备;小桶;锦囊(kit的复数); concerns:n.关注; v.使关心(concern的三单形式); reign:vi.统治;支配;盛行;君临;n.统治;统治时期;支配;
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| One American company, Clearview AI, has been collecting billions of images of people's faces from across the internet, like those pictures you post on Instagram of you and your friends and family, and then selling its facial recognition services to US government and law-enforcement agencies. |
一家叫 Clearview AI 的美国公司 已经从互联网上收集了 数十亿的人脸图像, 比如那些发到 Instagram 上的 你和朋友与家人的照片。 此后,他们的 人脸识别服务会被卖给 美国政府或者执法机关。 |
| And even if you think that's a perfectly acceptable application of this technology, there's nothing to stop them from selling to private individuals, corporations or even foreign governments. |
即使你认为 这类对该技术的应用方式 是完全可以接受的, 但是没有什么可以阻止 他们把它出售给个人、 公司,甚至是外国政府。 |
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Instagram:照片分享(一款运行在iPhone平台上的应用程序); law-enforcement:执法; acceptable:adj.认同的;可接受的;令人满意的; application:n.应用;申请;应用程序;敷用; corporations:n.[贸易]公司,[经]企业(corporation的复数形式);
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| And that's exactly what some companies are doing. |
而这正是一些公司 正在从事的事情。 |
| That Wiretappers' Ball that started in northern Virginia? |
那个在弗吉尼亚发起的 “窃听者舞会”后来怎样了呢？ |
| Today, it's held in multiple cities around the globe. |
如今,它在全球范围内 多个城市中举行, |
| Thousands of people now attend the ISS trainings and conferences. |
有数千人参加 ISS 的培训和会议。 |
| And more of the companies showing up are coming from the Middle East and China. |
其中大多的公司 来自中东和中国。 |
| The spy bazaar has gone global . |
间谍市场已走向全球。 |
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multiple:adj.数量多的;多种多样的;n.倍数; trainings:n.培训(training的复数); Middle East:n.中东(包括亚洲西南部和非洲东北部); global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
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| And at arms shows now around the world, you'll see companies displaying facial recognition technology and phone hacking software, displaying right next to traditional arms manufacturers with tanks and missiles. |
在全球各地的军展上, 你都可以见到展示人脸识别技术 和电话窃听软件的公司, 就在展示传统的坦克 和导弹的武器制造商旁边。 |
| And walking around these arms shows, it's pretty easy to go down dystopian rabbit holes, thinking about future surveillance technology that will track our every move. |
在这些军展中闲逛, 人们很容易进入 反乌托邦的兔子洞, 想象未来的监控技术 会监视我们的一举一动。 |
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displaying:v.陈列;展出;展示;显露(display的现在分词) manufacturers:n.生产者;制造者;生产商;(manufacturer的复数) dystopian:adj.反面假想国的;反面乌托邦的;n.反面乌托邦的鼓吹者;
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| And I remember one Pentagon adviser telling me that what the military really needed were space-based satellites that could track people anywhere on earth based just on their DNA. |
我记得一位五角大楼顾问 曾告诉过我, 军方真正需要的是天基卫星。 这种卫星可以仅根据 DNA 就能跟踪地球上任何地方的人。 |
| It's enough to make you invest in tinfoil hats. |
这足以让你决定投资锡纸帽子 (保护自己不受政府和外星人监视）。 |
| But the truth is, we don't know what sort of technology the future will bring. |
事实上, 我们并不知道未来 会出现什么样的技术。 |
| But we know that today, in the absence of regulation , this marketplace is already exploding . |
但是我们知道现如今, 在没有法规监管的情况下, 这个市场已经呈爆炸式增长。 |
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adviser:n.顾问;劝告者;指导教师(等于advisor); space-based:天基,天基式; tinfoil:n.锡箔,锡纸;adj.锡箔的; in the absence of:缺乏,不存在;无…时,缺少…时; regulation:n.规则;法规;控制;规章制度;adj.规定的;必须穿戴的;必须使用的; exploding:v.爆炸;爆裂;勃然(大怒);突然发生(危险);(explode的现在分词)
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| And in fact, one of those companies accused of selling surveillance technology to authoritarian regimes, today, it's offering to help track those infected with COVID-19. |
事实上,其中一家公司 已经被指控出售监控技术 给专制政权。 今天,它可以帮助追踪 那些感染了 COVID-19 的人。 |
| And of course, technology does offer the tantalizing promise of helping control a pandemic through contact tracing . |
当然,技术确实提供了 通过追踪接触者 来控制流行性疾病的诱人的前景。 |
| But it also opens up another door, to privatized mass surveillance. |
但它也打开了另一扇通向 大规模私人监控的大门。 |
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infected:adj.带菌的; v.传染; (infect的过去分词和过去式) tantalizing:v.招惹,使干着急;(tantalize的现在分词) pandemic:adj.(疾病等)全国流行的;普遍的;n.流行性疾病; contact:n.接触,联系;v.使接触,联系; tracing:n.描图;v.查出;找到;追踪;追究;描绘;记述;(trace的现在分词) privatized:使私有化(privatize的过去式和过去分词); mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集;
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| So what do we do about this private spy bazaar? |
那我们该如何处理 这个私人监控市场呢？ |
| We can hide, go offline , get off social media , ditch our smartphones , go live in a cave, but the truth is, we're not trained to be professional spies, we can't live under false identities or with no identities. |
我们可以躲起来、避免上网、 退出社交媒体、丢掉智能手机, 当个原始人, 但事实是,我们并没有 受训成专业的间谍, 我们无法在用虚假身份 或没有身份的情况下生活。 |
| And even real spies are having a hard time staying below the radar , these days. |
如今,即使真正的间谍 也很难不被发现。 |
| It doesn't matter how many passports Jason Bourne has if his face or DNA is in someone's database. |
如果杰森·伯恩（电影《谍影重重》男主角）的 脸或 DNA在某人的数据库中。 |
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offline:n.脱机;挂线;adj.脱机的;离线的,未连线的;adv.未连线地; media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉; ditch:v.在…上掘沟;把…开入沟里;丢弃;n.沟渠;壕沟; smartphones:智能手机(smartphone的复数); professional:adj.专业的;职业的;职业性的;n.专业人员;职业运动员; identities:n.身份;本身;本体;特征;同一性;相同;(identity的复数) radar:n.雷达; Bourne:n.小溪;目的地;边界;
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| But if even governments have lost control of the tools of spying, is there anything we can do about it? |
但如果连政府都失去了 对间谍工具的控制, 我们还能做什么呢？ |
| One argument I've heard is that even if the US were to restrict companies from selling this sort of technology abroad, companies based in China might simply step in. |
我听过的一个说法是 即使美国限制企业 向海外销售这类技术, 总部设在中国的公司 仍可能会直接介入。 |
| But we regulate the arms trade today, even if we do it imperfectly . |
但是,即使我们的措施不完善, 我们今天仍在规范武器贸易。 |
| And in fact, there was a multilateral proposal several years ago to do just that, to require export licenses for surveillance software. |
事实上,几年前 就有一个多边提议, 要求取得 监视软件的出口许可证。 |
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restrict:v.限制;约束;阻碍;束缚; imperfectly:adv.有缺点地;不完美地;未完成地; multilateral:adj.[数]多边的;多国的,多国参加的; proposal:n.提议,建议;求婚; licenses:n.许可(license的复数);授权;v.允许(license的三单形式);
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| The United States was among those countries that agreed to these voluntary regulations , but back in Washington, this proposal has simply languished . |
而美国是同意这些 自愿规定的国家之一。 但在华盛顿,这一提议遭到了冷遇。 |
| We have an administration that would rather sell more weapons abroad with fewer restrictions , including to some of those countries accused of abusing surveillance technology. |
我们的政府宁愿在 限制更少的情况下 向海外出售更多武器, 包括那些被指控滥用 监控技术的国家。 |
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voluntary:adj.自愿的;志愿的;自发的;故意的;n.志愿者;自愿行动; regulations:n.章程;规则;法规;管理,控制;(regulation的复数) languished:v.失去活力(languish的过去分词形式); would rather:宁愿,宁可; restrictions:n.限制规定;限制;约束;制约因素;(restriction的复数) abusing:v.滥用(以致危害健康);妄用;虐待;伤害;(abuse的现在分词)
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| I think to move forward, we would need to revive that proposal, but even go one step further. |
我认为,为了向前推进, 我们需要重新提出这一建议, 甚至更进一步。 |
| We need to fundamentally change how we think of surveillance technology and define these tools as weapons. |
我们需要从根本上改变 我们对监控技术的看法 并将这些工具定义为武器。 |
| This would allow government to regulate and control their sale and export the way that they control traditional arms, advanced aircraft and missiles. |
这将允许政府 用控制传统武器, 即飞机和导弹的方式 去管制它们的销售和出口。 |
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revive:vi.复兴;复活;苏醒;恢复精神;vt.使复兴;使苏醒;回想起;重演,重播; fundamentally:adv.从根本上;基础地;重要地
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| But that means recognizing that technology that tracks who we are, what we do, what we say, and even in some cases, what we think, is a form of advanced weaponry . |
但这意味着要认识到, 这种可以跟踪我们是谁、 我们做了什么、我们说了什么, 甚至在某些情况下, 我们在想什么的技术, 实际上是一种先进的武器。 |
| And these weapons are growing too powerful, available to the highest bidder , and according to the whims of the spy bazaar. |
这些武器过于强大, 而且出价最高者就可获得, 全凭间谍市场的奇思妙想。 |
| Thank you. |
谢谢。 |
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recognizing:v.认识;认出;承认;接受,赞成(recognize的现在分词) tracks:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪;(track的第三人称单数和复数) weaponry:n.兵器,武器(总称); bidder:n.投标人;出价人;命令者; whims:虚妄;禅病;
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