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SharmeenObaidChinoy_2010U-_谈炸弹敢死队学校_
Today, I want you to look at children who become suicide bombers through a completely different lens . 今天,我要 通过不同的视角带各位领略 儿童人体炸弹。
suicide:n.自杀;自杀行为;自杀者;adj.自杀的;v.自杀;vi.自杀; bombers:n.[航][军]轰炸机;喷射机;扔炸弹的人(bomber的复数形式); lens:n.透镜,镜头;晶状体;隐形眼镜;汽车的灯玻璃;v.给…摄影;
In 2009, there were 500 bomb blasts across Pakistan. 2009年,在巴基斯坦 发生了500起爆炸。
blasts:[力]爆炸;一阵;
I spent the year working with children who were training to become suicide bombers and with Taliban recruiters , trying to understand how the Taliban were converting these children into live ammunition and why these children were actively signing up to their cause. 我花了一年时间, 采访这些 即将踏上不归路的孩子们, 并采访了招募这些孩子的塔利班人员, 我尝试了解塔利班 如何将这些孩子 变成人体炸弹, 而这些孩子们又为何 自愿走上不归路。
Taliban:塔利班; recruiters:n.招聘人员,征兵人员; converting:v.(使)转变,转换,转化;可转变为;归附;(convert的现在分词) ammunition:n.弹药;军火;v.装弹药于;装弹药;
I want you to watch a short video from my latest documentary film, "Children of the Taliban." 我最近拍摄的纪录片 有一段叫《塔利班的孩子们》。
(Singing) （吟唱）
The Taliban now run their own schools. 塔利班现在有自己的学校,
They target poor families and convince the parents to send their children. 他们瞄准了贫苦人家, 说服家长把孩子交给他们。
convince:v.使确信;使相信;说服,劝说;
In return, they provide free food and shelter and sometimes pay the families a monthly stipend . 作为回报,塔利班将免费提供食宿, 有时还每月发一些津贴给这些家庭。
monthly:n.月刊:adv.每个月:每月一次:adj.每月的: stipend:n.奖学金;固定薪金;定期津贴;养老金;
We've obtained a propaganda video made by the Taliban. 我们得到一卷 塔利班制作的宣传片,
obtained:v.获得(obtain的过去分词); propaganda:n.宣传;传道总会;
Young boys are taught justifications for suicide attacks and the execution of spies. 男孩们被灌输 自杀式袭击是正当合理的, 并要求他们处决间谍。
justifications:n.理由;辩护;认为有理,认为正当;释罪; execution:n.执行,实行;完成;死刑;
I made contact with a child from Swat who studied in a madrassa like this. 我和一个来自Swat（巴基斯坦边境上一县）的男孩取得联系, 他目前就读于一个类似的神学院。
contact:n.接触,联系;v.使接触,联系;
Hazrat Ali is from a poor farming family in Swat. Hazrat Ali是来自 Swat的穷困农家,
He joined the Taliban a year ago when he was 13. 他一年前加入塔利班, 那年他13岁。
How do the Taliban in your area get people to join them? 塔利班在你的家乡是怎样招募新成员的？
Hazrat Ali: They first call us to the mosque and preach to us. Hazrat Ali:他们以来就叫我们去清真寺,听布道,
mosque:n.清真寺; preach:v.宣扬;说教;布道;n.说教;训诫;
Then they take us to a madrassa and teach us things from the Koran . 然后我们被带到一个神学院, 学习《古兰经》。
Koran:n.《可兰经》,《古兰经》(伊斯兰教);
Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy: He tells me that children are then given months of military training. Chinoy:他说孩子们 要参加好几个月的军训。
military:adj.军事的;军人的;适于战争的;n.军队;军人;
HA: They teach us to use machine guns, Kalashnikov , rocket launchers , grenades , bombs. Ali:我们学会用机关枪、AK47、 火箭筒、手榴弹和炸弹等。
Kalashnikov:n.卡拉什尼科夫冲锋枪; launchers:n.发射器;发射台;发射者; grenades:n.手榴弹(grenade的复数); v.扔手榴弹;
They ask us to use them only against the infidels . 他们说我们只能对异教徒使用这些武器,
infidels:n.异教徒;无信仰者;adj.异教徒的;无宗教信仰的;
Then they teach us to do a suicide attack. 然后他们还教会我们自杀式袭击。
SOC: Would you like to carry out a suicide attack? Chinoy:你会执行自杀式袭击吗？
HA: If God gives me strength. Ali:愿真主赐我力量。
SOC: I, in my research, have seen that the Taliban have perfected the way in which they recruit and train children, and I think it's a five-step process . Chinoy:在我的研究中, 我曾看过塔利班 在招募和训练孩子们时, 将他们的行为美化。 这分为五步,
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
Step one is that the Taliban prey on families that are large, that are poor, that live in rural areas. 首先是 瞄准住在贫瘠土地上的贫穷 大家庭。
prey:n.猎物;受害者;受骗者;v.折磨;掠夺;捕食(on,upon);损害(on,upon); rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的;
They separate the parents from the children by promising to provide food, clothing, shelter to these children. 他们把父母和孩子们分开, 向父母允诺给孩子提供衣食 以及居所。
Then they ship them off, hundreds of miles away to hard-line schools that run along the Taliban agenda . 然后把孩子们送到百里开外的地方, 送至硬汉学校, 在那接受塔利班的教育。
hard-line:adj.毫不妥协的;立场坚定的;采强硬态度的;n.强硬派;主张强硬路线者; run along:离开; agenda:n.议事日程;
Step two: 第二步,
They teach the children the Koran, which is Islam's holiest book, in Arabic, a language these children do not understand and cannot speak. 他们教孩子们读《古兰经》,也就是伊斯兰教的圣典, 但是是阿拉伯语的,孩子们根本不懂 也不会说,
They rely very heavily on teachers, who I have personally seen distort the message to these children as and when it suits their purpose to. 这样孩子们就只能依赖神学院的老师, 我个人觉得 这些老师扭曲了教义, 以达到他们的目的。
rely:vi.依靠;信赖; personally:adv.个人;亲自;本人;就本人而言; distort:v.使变形;扭曲;使失真;歪曲; as and when:当;到时候;
These children are explicitly forbidden from reading newspapers, listening to radio, reading any books that the teachers do not prescribe them. 这些孩子们被禁止 读报,听广播 或是 读课外书。
explicitly:adv.明确地;明白地; forbidden:adj.禁止的; v.禁止; (forbid的过去分词和过去式) prescribe:v.给…开(药);让…采用(疗法);开(处方);命令;
If any child is found violating these rules, he is severely reprimanded . 要是有孩子违反规定, 就会被严厉训斥。
violating:v.违背,违反(violate的现在分词); severely:adv.严重地;严格地,严厉地;纯朴地; reprimanded:v.申斥;训斥;斥责;(reprimand的过去分词和过去式)
Effectively, the Taliban create a complete blackout of any other source of information for these children. 这样,塔利班 完全禁止孩子们 接触其他资讯。
blackout:n.灯火管制;灯火熄灭;暂时的意识丧失; source:n.来源;水源;原始资料;
Step three: The Taliban want these children to hate the world that they currently live in. 第三步,塔利班要求孩子们 憎恨这个世界,
currently:adv.当前;一般地;
So they beat these children -- 他们殴打孩子
I have seen it; they feed them twice a day dried bread and water; they rarely allow them to play games; they tell them that, for eight hours at a time, all they have to do is read the Koran. 我亲眼见过。 孩子一天只有两餐,就只有干面包和水。 塔利班基本不让孩子们玩耍, 孩子们 一天要诵读八小时《古兰经》。
rarely:adv.很少地;难得;罕有地;
The children are virtual prisoners; they cannot leave, they cannot go home. 这些孩子跟囚犯别一样 既不能离开学校,又不能回家,
virtual:adj.[计]虚拟的;实质上的,事实上的(但未在名义上或正式获承认);
Their parents are so poor, they have no resources to get them back. 他们的父母都太穷 没法接他们回家。
resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
Step four: The older members of the Taliban, the fighters, start talking to the younger boys about the glories of martyrdom . 第四步,较年长的塔利班成员 又称战士, 会向孩子们灌输 殉教的光荣。
martyrdom:n.殉难,牺牲;受苦,受难;
They talk to them about how when they die, they will be received up with lakes of honey and milk, how there will be 72 virgins waiting for them in paradise , how there will be unlimited food, and how this glory is going to propel them to become heroes in their neighborhoods. 并说,在他们死后, 会升天, 那里有流淌着牛奶和蜂蜜的湖水, 有72个处女 在天堂迎接他们, 那里有吃不完的食物, 这份荣誉 会使他们 成为乡间邻里的大英雄。
virgins:n.处女;童男;无…经验的人;新手;(virgin的复数) paradise:n.天堂;至福境地; unlimited:adj.无限制的;无限量的;无条件的; propel:v.推进;驱使;激励;驱策;
Effectively, this is the brainwashing process that has begun. 这就是洗脑 的全过程。
brainwashing:v.给(某人)洗脑;强制说服;(brainwash的现在分词)
Step five: I believe the Taliban have one of the most effective means of propaganda. 最后一步, 也是最有效的 宣传武器
effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象;
Their videos that they use are intercut with photographs of men and women and children dying in Iraq and Afghanistan and in Pakistan. 就是宣传片 是经过剪辑的照片, 有关伊拉克 阿富汗和巴基斯坦 死去的男人,女人和孩子。
Afghanistan:n.阿富汗(国家名称,位于亚洲);
And the basic message is that the Western powers do not care about civilian deaths, so those people who live in areas and support governments that work with Western powers are fair game . 以此说明西方强权 根本不在乎贫民死活, 所以这些人 就必须和政府 一起同西方强权合作。
civilian:adj.民用的;百姓的,平民的;n.平民,百姓; fair game:n.准许捕猎的猎物;可据理加以抨击的对象;
That's why Pakistani civilians , over 6,000 of whom have been killed in the last two years alone, are fair game. 这也就是在过去两年里巴基斯坦 有超过六千贫民死亡 的原因。
Pakistani:adj.巴基斯坦的;n.巴基斯坦人; civilians:n.平民;市民;文官;无军职人员;(civilian的复数)
Now these children are primed to become suicide bombers. 现在,这些孩子 被训练成人体炸弹,
primed:adj.待发的;v.使准备好;装填;使泵起动;涂底漆;修剪树枝(prime的过去分词);
They're ready to go out and fight because they've been told that this is effectively their only way to glorify Islam. 蓄势待发要投入战斗, 因为他们相信 这是唯一 荣耀真主的方法。
glorify:vt.赞美;美化;崇拜(神);使更壮丽;
I want you to watch another excerpt from the film. 这是另一段视频
excerpt:n.摘录,引用;vt.引用,摘录;vi.摘录,引用;
This boy is called Zenola. 这个男孩叫辛诺拉,
He blew himself up, killing six. 他自己送了命,同时还炸死六个人。
This boy is called Sadik. 这个男孩叫沙迪克,
He killed 22. 他炸死22人。
This boy is called Messoud. 这个男孩叫马苏德,
He killed 28. 他炸死了28人。
The Taliban are running suicide schools, preparing a generation of boys for atrocities against civilians. 塔利班开办的敢死队学校, 训练了整整一代孩子 以对贫民惨下毒手。
atrocities:n.暴行(atrocity的复数);残忍;
Do you want to carry out a suicide attack? 你会执行自杀式袭击任务吗？
Boy: I would love to. 男孩:非常乐意,
But only if I get permission from my dad. 但要得到父亲的同意才行。
When I look at suicide bombers younger than me, or my age, 当我看到同龄或是更小的自杀袭击者,
I get so inspired by their terrific attacks. 他们的袭击让我斗志高昂。
inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式) terrific:adj.极好的;极其的,非常的;可怕的;
SOC: What blessing would you get from carrying out a suicide attack? Chinoy:执行完任务, 你会得到什么？
Boy: On the day of judgment , God will ask me, "Why did you do that?" 男孩:审判日来临时,真主会问我: “你为何这样做？”
judgment:n.判断;裁判;判决书;辨别力;
I will answer, "My Lord ! Only to make you happy! 我会回答:“真主,只为了让您高兴！
Lord:n.(英国)贵族,大人,大臣;v.使成贵族;作威作福;
I have laid down my life fighting the infidels." 我用生命来对抗异教徒。“
Then God will look at my intention . 真主会知道我的意图,
intention:n.意图;目的;意向;愈合;
If my intention was to eradicate evil for Islam, then I will be rewarded with paradise. 我是为伊斯兰消灭恶行, 可以上天堂。
eradicate:vt.根除,根绝;消灭; evil:adj.邪恶的;不幸的;有害的;讨厌的;n.罪恶,邪恶;不幸; rewarded:v.奖励;奖赏;给以报酬;(reward的过去分词和过去式)
Singer: ? On the day of judgment ? 歌声?审判将临?
? My God will call me ? ?真主蒙召?
? My body will be put back together ? ?重塑吾躯?
put back together:复原;
? And God will ask me why I did this ? ?真主问询 何以为此?
SOC: I leave you all with this thought: Chinoy:请想一下
If you grew up in these circumstances , faced with these choices, would you choose to live in this world or in the glorious afterlife ? 如果你成长在这样的环境里, 面对这样的选择, 你会选择活在这个世上, 抑或留得身后名？
circumstances:n.情况;环境;情形;(circumstance的复数) glorious:adj.光荣的;辉煌的;极好的; afterlife:n.来世;死后的生活;
As one Taliban recruiter told me, "There will always be sacrificial lambs in this war." 有一个塔利班招募人员告诉我 ”在这场战争里总要有人牺牲。“
sacrificial:adj.牺牲的;献祭的; lambs:n.小羊(lamb的复数形式);像羔羊般温顺的人;v.生小羊(lamb的三单形式);
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）