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RoyBahat_2018S-_工作的意义的什么？_
Bryn Freedman : You're a guy whose company funds these AI programs and invests . 布莱恩·弗里德曼（BF）:你的公司 资助并投资了这些人工智能的项目。
Freedman:n.自由民;被解放的奴隶; funds:n.[会计]资金,现金(fund的复数);基金;v.资助(fund的三单形式);提供资金; invests:v.投资;花费(invest的三单形式);
So why should we trust you to not have a bias and tell us something really useful for the rest of us about the future of work? 那么我们怎么能够相信你没有偏见, 会告诉我们关于未来工作的 一些真正有用的东西？
bias:adv.使有偏见;n.偏见;偏心;偏爱;v.使有偏见;使偏向;adj.斜的;[电]偏动的;
Roy Bahat: Yes, I am. 罗伊·巴哈特（RB）: 对,我投资人工智能。
And when you wake up in the morning and you read the newspaper and it says, "The robots are coming, they may take all our jobs," 当你在清晨起床,浏览报纸, 报纸上说:“机器人来了, 它们可能会抢走我们所有的工作。”
as a start-up investor focused on the future of work, our fund was the first one to say artificial intelligence should be a focus for us. 作为一个关注职业未来的 初创公司投资者, 我们的基金第一个宣告 人工智能应该成为我们的焦点。
start-up:n.启动;adj.起动阶段的;开始阶段的(异体字startup); investor:n.投资者; artificial intelligence:n.人工智能;
So I woke up one morning and read that and said, "Oh, my gosh, they're talking about me. That's me who's doing that." 所以某个清晨我醒来, 读到那则消息后说, “哦,天哪,他们在谈论的是我。 我正是这么做的人。”
And then I thought: wait a minute. 然后我想:等等。
If things continue, then maybe not only will the start-ups in which we invest struggle because there won't be people to have jobs to pay for the things that they make and buy them, but our economy and society might struggle, too. 如果事情继续发展下去, 那么不仅仅是那些我们所投资的 初创企业会陷入泥淖, 因为将来人类会失业, 无力购买它们制造的产品, 而且我们的经济和社会也会陷入泥淖。
start-ups:起动;新兴公司(start-up的名词复数); economy:n.经济;节约;理财;
And look, I should be the guy who sits here and tells you, "Everything is going to be fine. It's all going to work out great. 我本该坐在这里告诉你 “一切都会顺利的。 所有问题最后都会解决。
Hey, when they introduced the ATM machine, years later, there's more tellers in banks." 看,当初也引进了ATM机, 几年后,银行里的出纳员反而变多了。”
tellers:n.(美)出纳员;讲述者;讲故事者;计票员;
It's true. 这是事实。
And yet, when I looked at it, I thought, "This is going to accelerate . 但是,当我仔细审视后, 想到,“这个趋势会加速,
accelerate:v.加快;加速;n.接受速成教育的学生;
And if it does accelerate, there's a chance the center doesn't hold." 而一旦它加速发展了, 控制中心就有把握不住的可能。”
But I figured somebody must know the answer to this; there are so many ideas out there. 但是我想到某些人 一定知道这个问题的解决办法。 我读了所有的相关书籍, 也参加了不少相关会议,
And I read all the books, and I went to the conferences , and at one point, we counted more than 100 efforts to study the future of work. 我读了所有的相关书籍, 也参加了不少相关会议, 我们列举出了100多种 研究职业未来的方式。
conferences:n.会议(conference的复数形式);
And it was a frustrating experience, because I'd hear the same back-and-forth over and over again : "The robots are coming!" 那是一次令人沮丧的经历, 因为我已经把相同的言论 反反复复听了无数遍了: “机器人就要来了！”
frustrating:adj.令人沮丧的;v.使沮丧;(frustrate的现在分词) back-and-forth:前后移动的,来回的,反复的; over and over again:adv.一再地;反复不断地;
And then somebody else would say, "Oh, don't worry about that, they've always said that and it turns out OK." 然后某个人会说, “哦,别担心,他们一直都说 这会有一个好结果。”
Then somebody else would say, "Well, it's really about the meaning of your job, anyway." 然后另一个人会说,
And then everybody would shrug and go off and have a drink. 然后每个人都会耸耸肩, 离席去喝一杯。
shrug:n.耸肩(表示不知道或不在乎);带袖短披肩;v.耸肩(表示不知道或不在乎);
And it felt like there was this Kabuki theater of this discussion, where nobody was talking to each other. 这感觉就像这场讨论中的 歌舞伎表演中心, 在这个问题上没有人在与其他人交流。
Kabuki:n.(日本)歌舞伎;
And many of the people that I knew and worked with in the technology world were not speaking to policy makers; the policy makers were not speaking to them. 很多在技术领域与我共事的人 政策决定者也不会与他们对话。
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; policy:n.政策,方针;保险单;
And so we partnered with a nonpartisan think tank NGO called New America to study this issue . 我们与一个叫“New America 的 无党派非政府智囊团结为伙伴 来研究这个问题。
nonpartisan:adj.无党派的;超党派的;n.无党派的人; think tank:智囊团、思想库; issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行;
And we brought together a group of people, including an AI czar at a technology company and a video game designer and a heartland conservative and a Wall Street investor and a socialist magazine editor -- 我们召集了一大群人, 包括一位来自技术公司的 人工智能主管, 一位电子游戏开发者, 一位忠实的保守主义者, 一位华尔街风险投资人, 和一位社会党的报刊编辑……
czar:n.(帝俄的)沙皇,皇帝;独裁者; video game:n.电子游戏; heartland:n.中心地带;心脏地区; conservative:adj.保守的;n.保守派,守旧者; Wall Street:n.华尔街(美国纽约金融中心和证券交易所所在地); socialist:n.社会主义者;社会党党员;adj.社会主义的;社会党的;
literally , all in the same room; it was occasionally awkward -- to try to figure out what is it that will happen here. 事实上,当我们共处一室时, 气氛有时确实尴尬, 尤其当我们都想弄明白 究竟将会发生什么时。
literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: occasionally:adv.偶尔;有时候;偶然; awkward:adj.尴尬的;笨拙的;棘手的;不合适的;
The question we asked was simple. 我们提出的问题很简单,
It was: What is the effect of technology on work going to be? 就是:技术将为工作带来怎样的影响？
And we looked out 10 to 20 years, because we wanted to look out far enough that there could be real change, but soon enough that we weren't talking about teleportation or anything like that. 我们放眼于将来的10到20年, 希望那个时候会出现一些真实的改变, 但是很快我们不再讨论 心灵传送或诸如此类的事情,
teleportation:n.心灵传动;远距传动;
And we recognized -- and I think every year we're reminded of this in the world -- that predicting what's going to happen is hard. 我们意识到, 而且我想,我们也一直 被这个世界提醒, 预言未发生的事是困难的。
recognized:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;(recognize的过去分词和过去式) reminded:v.提醒;使想起;(remind的过去分词和过去式) predicting:v.预言;预告;预报;(predict的现在分词)
So instead of predicting, there are other things you can do. 所以除了预知未来, 我们还有其它的事可做。
You can try to imagine alternate possible futures, which is what we did. 我们可以尝试构想 其它可能的未来, 这也正是我们所做的。
alternate:vi.交替;轮流;vt.使交替;使轮流;adj.交替的;轮流的;n.替换物;
We did a scenario-planning exercise, and we imagined cases where no job is safe. 我们做了一个情境-计划的模拟演练, 我们想象 每一个职业都有危机的情况。
scenario-planning:情景模拟规划;情境规划;剧本式规划法;
We imagined cases where every job is safe. 我们也想象 每一个职业都是安全的情况。
And we imagined every distinct possibility we could. 我们尽可能想象出 每一种独特的可能性。
distinct:adj.明显的;独特的;清楚的;有区别的;
And the result, which really surprised us, was when you think through those futures and you think what should we do, the answers about what we should do actually turn out to be the same, no matter what happens. 而结果让我们十分惊讶, 当我们深入思考这些可能的未来 并思考我们应该做些什么时, 答案事实上却是相同的, 无论发生了什么。
think through:彻底地想清楚; no matter what:不管什么…;
And the irony of looking out 10 to 20 years into the future is, you realize that the things we want to act on are actually already happening right now. 我们在展望未来10到20年时, 感到讽刺的是 我们意识到我们采取行动的事物 实际上已经在当下发生着。
irony:n.讽刺;反语;具有讽刺意味的事;adj.铁的;似铁的;
The automation is right now, the future is right now. 自动化就在当下, 未来就在今天。
automation:n.自动化;自动操作;
BF: So what does that mean, and what does that tell us? BF:那是什么意思, 这又给我们什么启示呢？
If the future is now, what is it that we should be doing, and what should we be thinking about? 如果未来就是当下, 我们应该做的是什么？ 我们应该思考的是什么？
RB: We have to understand the problem first. RB:我们首先必须要了解这个问题。
And so the data are that as the economy becomes more productive and individual workers become more productive, their wages haven't risen. 数据显示经济发展正在变得更高效, 每一个独立的劳动力 也正在变得更加多产, 但是他们的工资并没有增涨。
productive:adj.能生产的;生产的,生产性的;多产的;富有成效的; individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的;
If you look at the proportion of prime working-age men, in the United States at least, who work now versus in 1960, we have three times as many men not working. 如果你看到青壮年劳力所占比例, 至少拿美国来说, 将现在的比例与1960年相比, 我们现在有相当于之前三倍的 劳动力不在工作。
proportion:n.比例;部分;份额;均衡;v.摊派;使相称; prime:adj.主要的; v.极好地; n.初期; v.使准备好; working-age:un.工龄;工作年龄;劳动年龄; United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) versus:prep.对;与...相对;对抗;
And then you hear the stories. 你也一定听说了那些故事。
I sat down with a group of Walmart workers and said, "What do you think about this cashier , this futuristic self-checkout thing?" 我和一群沃尔玛的员工说: “你们觉得人工智能收银员怎么样？ 就是那个未来主义的自助购物设备？”
Walmart:n.沃尔玛(世界连锁零售企业); cashier:n.出纳员;v.开除…的军籍; futuristic:adj.未来派的;未来主义的; self-checkout:自助结账;自助结帐;自助结帐系统;
They said, "That's nice, but have you heard about the cash recycler ? 他们说:“那很好, 但是你听说过现金回收机吗？
recycler:n.[计]反复循环器,[化工]再循环器;
That's a machine that's being installed right now, and is eliminating two jobs at every Walmart right now." 那是一个现在正被安装的机器, 却正在将两份工作从沃尔玛彻底清除。“
installed:v.安装;设置;使就职(install的过去分词和过去式) eliminating:v.排除;清除;消除;淘汰;(eliminate的现在分词)
And so we just thought, " Geez . We don't understand the problem." 所以我们就想:“天哪, 我们还不了解这种问题。”
Geez:v.注射麻醉品;注射;
And so we looked at the voices that were the ones that were excluded , which is all of the people affected by this change. 所以我们看着那些 曾被我们排除在外的声音, 都是由深受这转变影响的人们发出的。
excluded:v.排除;拒绝;把…除外;驱除;(excluded是exclude的过去分词)
And we decided to listen to them, sort of "automation and its discontents ." 我们决定听听他们的心声, 类似于“自动化和它带来的不满情绪”。
discontents:n.不满;adj.不满的;vt.使不满;
And I've spent the last couple of years doing that. 过去的几年,我们一直在做这件事。
I've been to Flint , Michigan , and Youngstown , Ohio, talking about entrepreneurs , trying to make it work in a very different environment from New York or San Francisco or London or Tokyo. 我曾去到弗林特,密歇根 和俄亥俄州的扬斯敦, 和企业家们交谈,试图 在截然不同的环境中推进这项研究, 从纽约到旧金山, 甚至伦敦或东京。
Flint:n.燧石;火石;打火石; Michigan:n.密歇根;美国密歇根州; Youngstown:n.扬斯敦(美国俄亥俄州东北部城市); entrepreneurs:n.企业家;(entrepreneur的复数)
I've been to prisons twice to talk to inmates about their jobs after they leave. 我曾去过监狱两次, 去与那些犯人谈论 他们出狱后的工作。
inmates:n.被收容者;居民(inmate的名词复数);
I've sat down with truck drivers to ask them about the self-driving truck, with people who, in addition to their full-time job, care for an aging relative . 我也曾与卡车司机们促膝谈心, 询问他们对于无人驾驶卡车的看法, 还有那些在全职工作之外, 正照料着他们年迈亲人的人。
self-driving:自驾; in addition to:除…之外; full-time:adj.专职的;全日制的;全部时间的; relative:adj.相对的;有关系的;成比例的;n.亲戚;相关物;[语]关系词;亲缘植物;
And when you talk to people, there were two themes that came out loud and clear. 当你与他们交谈的时候, 他们提出的两个主旨响亮而明确。
The first one was that people are less looking for more money or get out of the fear of the robot taking their job, and they just want something stable . 第一个是人们很少担心薪水太低, 因被机器人夺去工作而感到恐惧, 他们想要的只是一些稳定的东西。
stable:n.马厩;牛棚;adj.稳定的;牢固的;坚定的;vi.被关在马厩;赶入马房;
They want something predictable . 他们想要些可以预测的东西。
predictable:adj.可预言的;
So if you survey people and ask them what they want out of work, for everybody who makes less than 150,000 dollars a year, they'll take a more stable and secure income, on average, over earning more money. 所以如果你在人群中做调查, 问他们想从工作中获得什么, 对于每一个年薪少于 15万美元的人来说, 他们一般会倾向于一份 稳定有保障的平均薪酬, 而不是赚取更多的钱。
survey:n.调查;测量;审视;纵览;vt.调查;勘测;俯瞰;vi.测量土地;
And if you think about the fact that not only for all of the people across the earth who don't earn a living , but for those who do, the vast majority earn a different amount from month to month and have an instability , all of a sudden you realize, "Wait a minute. We have a real problem on our hands." 如果你考虑到一个事实, 就是不仅对全世界所有 不能维持温饱的人们而言, 就算那些能够维持温饱的人, 绝大多数人每月的薪酬 都不固定,或者生活中 存在一些不稳定因素, 突然间你意识到, “等一等。现在我们手上 确实有了一个棘手的问题。”
earn a living:谋生;活命; majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人: instability:n.不稳定(性);基础薄弱;不安定; all of a sudden:突然地,出乎意料地;
And the second thing they say, which took us a longer time to understand, is they say they want dignity . 而他们会说的第二件事, 我们也花了很久去理解, 就是他们说他们想要尊严。
dignity:n.尊严;高贵;
And that concept of self-worth through work emerged again and again and again in our conversations. 而这种通过工作获取自我价值的观念 在我们的谈话中连续不断地浮现。
self-worth:n.自我价值;自尊;自负; emerged:v.(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现;暴露;露出真相;显现;(emerge的过去分词和过去式) again and again:adv.再三地,反复地;
BF: So, I certainly appreciate this answer. BF:这么说吧, 虽然我真的很欣赏这个答案。
appreciate:v.欣赏;感激;感谢;理解;
But you can't eat dignity, you can't clothe your children with self-esteem . 但是尊严不能用来果腹, 你也不能让你的孩子们用自尊蔽体。
self-esteem:n.自尊;自负;自大;
So, what is that, how do you reconcile -- what does dignity mean, and what is the relationship between dignity and stability? 所以你如何协调这两者间的关系—— 尊严究竟指什么, 而尊严和稳定性之间的关系又是什么？
reconcile:v.使和谐一致;调和;使配合;使和解;妥协;
RB: You can't eat dignity. You need stability first. RB:尊严确实不能用来果腹。 首先你需要稳定。
And the good news is, many of the conversations that are happening right now are about how we solve that. 好的方面是, 许多现在正在进行的讨论 都是关于如何解决这个问题的。
You know, I'm a proponent of studying guaranteed income, as one example, conversations about how health care gets provided and other benefits. 我是一个研究有保障收入的坚决拥护者, 举一个例子, 关于如何提供健康护理服务的讨论 和其它有益的讨论。
proponent:n.支持者;建议者;提出认证遗嘱者; guaranteed:adj.必然的; v.保证; health care:n.卫生保健; provided:conj.假如; v.提供; (provide的过去分词和过去式)
Those conversations are happening, and we're at a time where we must figure that out. 这些讨论都在进行中, 而我们现在正 亟需理清这些问题。
It is the crisis of our era. 这是我们时代的危机。
crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的;
And my point of view after talking to people is that we may do that, and it still might not be enough. 而在跟人们谈论之后,我的观点 是我们或许可以做到这些, 当然这些可能还不够。
point of view:观点;见地;立场;
Because what we need to do from the beginning is understand what is it about work that gives people dignity, so they can live the lives that they want to live. 因为从一开始 我们需要做的就是去理解 究竟是工作的哪一方面 给予了人们尊严, 让我们能过上想要的生活。
And so that concept of dignity is ... 所以尊严的概念是——
it's difficult to get your hands around, because when many people hear it -- especially , to be honest, rich people -- they hear "meaning." 这很难真正弄明白, 因为许多人听到它时—— 不瞒你说,尤其是富有的人—— 他们听到的是“意义“。
especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
They hear "My work is important to me." 他们听到的是 “我的工作对我很重要“。
And again, if you survey people and you ask them, "How important is it to you that your work be important to you?" 另外,如果你在民众中调查,问他们 “你的工作对你来说有重要意义这点, 对你来说有多重要？”
only people who make 150,000 dollars a year or more say that it is important to them that their work be important. 只有那些每年能挣 至少15万美元的人 会说工作重要这件事对他们来说很重要。
BF: Meaning, meaningful ? BF: 你的意思是说,有意义吗？
meaningful:adj.严肃的;重要的;重大的;意味深长的;
RB: Just defined as, "Is your work important to you?" RB:就这么下定义吧, “工作对你来说重要吗？”
defined:adj.有定义的,确定的; v.使明确;
Whatever somebody took that to mean. 随便被问者怎么理解这句话的意思吧。
And yet, of course dignity is essential . 话说回来,尊严依然是至关重要的。
essential:n.要点;要素;实质;必需品;adj.完全必要的;必不可少的;极其重要的;本质的;
We talked to truck drivers who said, "I saw my cousin drive, and I got on the open road and it was amazing. 曾与我们交谈过的卡车司机说, “我曾看到我的表兄开车,然后当我有机会 开车在路上飞驰的时候,那感觉太棒了。
And I started making more money than people who went to college." 之后我开始比那些 上了大学的学生挣更多的钱。
Then they'd get to the end of their thought and say something like, "People need their fruits and vegetables in the morning, and I'm the guy who gets it to them." 然后在他们思绪的末尾, 他们开始说,诸如: “人们在清晨需要水果和蔬菜, 而我正是那个 把这些东西送给他们的人。”
We talked to somebody who, in addition to his job, was caring for his aunt. 我们曾经和一个在工作之外 还要照顾自己阿姨的人交谈。
He was making plenty of money. 他当时有着不错的收入。
At one point we just asked, "What is it about caring for your aunt? Can't you just pay somebody to do it?" 有一次我们就问他, “你为什么要自己照料你的阿姨？ 你难道不能花钱雇别人来吗？”
He said, "My aunt doesn't want somebody we pay for. 他说,“我阿姨不想 让我们花钱雇人照顾她。
My aunt wants me." 她想要的是我。”
So there was this concept there of being needed. 所以这就是“被需要”的概念。
If you study the word "dignity," it's fascinating . 如果你仔细研究这个词“尊严”, 它其实很有趣。
fascinating:adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的;v.深深吸引;迷住;(fascinate的现在分词)
It's one of the oldest words in the English language, from antiquity . 它是最古老的英文单词之一, 算是老古董了。
antiquity:n.古代;古老;文物;古迹;
And it has two meanings: one is self-worth, and the other is that something is suitable , it's fitting , meaning that you're part of something greater than yourself, and it connects to some broader whole. 而它其实有两重含义: 一个是自我价值, 而另一个则是一些合适的, 适合你的东西。 意味着你是比你更宏大的 某个东西的一部分, 而这一部分将你 与一个更广阔的整体相连。
suitable:adj.合适的;适宜的;适当的;适用的; fitting:adj.适合的;恰当的;n.试衣;小配件,附件;v.适合,合身;试穿;(fit的现在分词)
In other words, that you're needed. 换句话说,那就是你被需要。
BF: So how do you answer this question, this concept that we don't pay teachers, and we don't pay eldercare workers, and we don't pay people who really care for people and are needed, enough? BF:那么你如何回答这个问题: 按这个概念, 如果我们不付工资给教师, 不花钱请老年疗养师, 也不付工资给那些必需的看护者, 这就够了吗？
eldercare:n.老年保健(尤指老年照护及医疗);
RB: Well, the good news is, people are finally asking the question. RB:好的方面就是 人们终于在问这个问题了。
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地;
So as AI investors, we often get phone calls from foundations or CEOs and boardrooms saying, "What do we do about this?" 作为人工智能投资者, 我们经常接到 从基金会,首席执行官 和董事会打来的电话说, “我们该怎么办？”
foundations:n.基础;地基;基金会;粉底;(foundations是foundation的复数) boardrooms:n.董事会会议室;(boardroom的复数)
And they used to be asking, "What do we do about introducing automation?" 他们过去常问, “我们该怎么引进自动化？”
And now they're asking, "What do we do about self-worth?" 而现在他们在问, ”我们该怎么体现自我价值？“
And they know that the employees who work for them who have a spouse who cares for somebody, that dignity is essential to their ability to just do their job. 而他们知道 为他们工作的雇员中 谁有配偶, 谁又有亲人需要照顾, 对这些人来说,尊严是 他们能够完成工作的必要条件。
spouse:n.配偶;vt.和…结婚;
I think there's two kinds of answers: there's the money side of just making your life work. 我认为对这个问题有两个答案: 一个是从仅仅维持生计的角度。
That's stability. You need to eat. 那是稳定性。你需要吃饭。
And then you think about our culture more broadly , and you ask: Who do we make into heroes? 然后你从更广的视角 仔细考虑我们的社会文化, 你会问:我们把什么样的人称作英雄？
broadly:adv.明显地;宽广地;概括地;露骨地;粗鄙地;
And, you know, what I want is to see the magazine cover that is the person who is the heroic caregiver . 我想在杂志封面上看到的 是英雄守护者式的人物。
heroic:adj.英雄的;英勇的;记叙英雄及其事迹的;夸张的;n.史诗;英勇行为; caregiver:n.照料者,护理者;
Or the Netflix series that dramatizes the person who makes all of our other lives work so we can do the things we do. 或者是Netflix连续剧 戏剧化了的人物, 让万物照它现有的状态运转, 从而让我们能够安居乐业。
Netflix:n.网飞公司(出租DVD;在线观看电影的网站。); series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书; dramatizes:vt.使戏剧化;编写剧本;改编成戏剧;vi.戏剧化;
Let's make heroes out of those people. 让我们按那些人来想象英雄吧。
That's the Netflix show that I would binge . 我会非常喜欢这样的Netflix节目。
binge:n.狂欢,狂闹;放纵;vt.放纵;vi.狂饮作乐;大吃大喝;
And we've had chroniclers of this before -- 而我们曾经有过 这样的年代史编者——
chroniclers:n.记录者;年代史编者;
Studs Terkel, Studs Terkel, the oral history of the working experience in the United States. 美国工作经历的口述史。
Studs:n.钉状首饰:耳钉:饰钉:鞋钉(stud的复数) oral history:n.口述历史(用访谈录音方法);口述历史学;
And what we need is the experience of needing one another and being connected to each other. 而我们所需要的就是这样 互相依赖的经历, 彼此之间互相联系。
Maybe that's the answer for how we all fit as a society. 或许这就是我们该如何以 一个社会的形态相处的答案。
answer for:因…而受罚;对…负责;
And the thought exercise, to me, is: if you were to go back 100 years and have people -- my grandparents, great-grandparents , a tailor, worked in a mine -- they look at what all of us do for a living and say, "That's not work." 对于我来说,这个思维训练是: 如果我们倒回100年前见到—— 我的祖父母,曾祖父母, 可能是裁缝,或者矿工—— 他们了解了我们谋生的工作, 会说,“这可不是工作。”
great-grandparents:n.曾祖父母;外曾祖父母(great-grandparent的复数形式);
We sit there and type and talk, and there's no danger of getting hurt. 我们坐在那儿打字,聊天, 没有受伤的危险。
And my guess is that if you were to imagine 100 years from now, we'll still be doing things for each other. 而我的猜测是,如果 想象一下一百年以后的未来, 我们仍然会为彼此做事。
We'll still need one another. 我们依然相互需要。
And we just will think of it as work. 而我们也还会把这看成是工作。
The entire thing I'm trying to say is that dignity should not just be about having a job. 总的来说,我认为 尊严不应该仅仅意味着有一份工作。
Because if you say you need a job to have dignity, which many people say, the second you say that, you say to all the parents and all the teachers and all the caregivers that all of a sudden, 因为如果你和很多人都觉得 需要一份工作来获得尊严, 那么同时也相当于让所有的父母, 所有的教师和所有的看护者 开始认识到,
caregivers:n.照顾者;看护人(caregiver的复数);
because they're not being paid for what they're doing, it somehow lacks this essential human quality. 他们所从事的无偿工作 使得他们缺少了这个重要的品质。
somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地;
To me, that's the great puzzle of our time: 对我来说, 这是我们时代的巨大谜团:
puzzle:n.谜;疑问;智力游戏;不解之谜;v.迷惑;使困惑;
Can we figure out how to provide that stability throughout life, and then can we figure out how to create an inclusive , not just racially , gender , but multigenerationally inclusive -- 我们是否能够找到 保障终生稳定的方法, 是否能学会怎么创造一个包容的, 不仅仅是在种族,性别, 更是在代际之间的包容的——
throughout:adv.自始至终,到处;全部;prep.贯穿,遍及; inclusive:adj.包括的,包含的; racially:adv.人种上;按人种; gender:n.性别;
I mean, every different human experience included -- in this way of understanding how we can be needed by one another. 我是说每一种不同的 人生经历都能被包容—— 能用这种方式去理解 我们如何能被彼此需要。
BF: Thank you. RB: Thank you. BF:谢谢。 RB:谢谢。
BF: Thank you very much for your participation . BF:非常感谢你的分享。
participation:n.参与;分享;参股;
(Applause) （掌声）