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RenzoPiano_2018-_世界着名建筑背后的天才点子_
Architecture is amazing, for sure. 建筑令人赞叹,真的。
Architecture:n.建筑学;建筑风格;建筑式样;架构;
It's amazing because it's art. 令人赞叹的原因是因为 建筑本身就是一门艺术。
But you know, it's a very funny kind of art. 但它是门非常微妙的艺术。
It's an art at the frontier between art and science. 它是介于艺术和科学的一门学问。
It's fed by ... 建筑学的养分
by real life, every day. 充斥在我们每天的生活当中。
It's driven by force of necessity . 它被需求的力量所驱动着。
of necessity:必然地;不可避免地;
Quite amazing, quite amazing. 相当了不起,相当了不起。
And the life of the architect is also amazing. 而建筑师的生活也很了不起。
You know, as an architect, at 10 o’clock in the morning, you need to be a poet, for sure. 各位知道吗,身为建筑师, 你早上十点, 必须要像个诗人,真的。
But at 11, you must become a humanist , otherwise you'd lose your direction. 但在十一点, 你就得变成人道主义者, 要不然你会走偏了。
humanist:n.人道主义者;人类学者,人文学者;人文主义者;adj.人文主义的;人道主义的;
And at noon, you absolutely need to be a builder . 到了中午,你一定要回到建商的立场。
absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地; builder:n.建筑者;建立者;
You need to be able to make a building, because architecture, at the end, is the art of making buildings. 你必须要有建造建筑物的能力, 因为,最终,建筑物本身 就是一门建造的艺术。
Architecture is the art of making shelter for human beings. 建筑是一门为人类 建造庇护所的艺术。
Period. 就这样。
And this is not easy at all. 这一点也不容易。
It's amazing. 这很了不起。
Look at this. 看看这个。
Here we are in London, at the top of the Shard of Glass. 这是在伦敦 摘星塔摩天大楼的顶端。
Shard:n.(甲虫的)[昆]鞘翅;陶瓷碎片;
This is a building we completed a few years ago. 这是几年前我们完成的一栋大楼。
Those people are well-trained workers, and they are assembling the top piece of the tower. 这些工人受过很好的训练, 他们正在塔顶组装 最顶部的元件。
well-trained:adj.训练有素的;良好训练; assembling:v.聚集;集合;收集;装配;组装;(assemble的现在分词)
Well, they look like rock climbers . 他们看起来像是攀岩者。
climbers:n.登山者(climber的复数);[植]攀缘植物;脚扣;
They are. 的确是。
I mean, they are defying the force of gravity, like building does, by the way . 我的意思是,他们正在与 地心引力搏斗, 顺道一提,建筑物本身也是。
defying:反抗; by the way:顺便说一下;
We got 30 of those people -- actually, on that site , we got more than 1,400 people, 我们有三十名这样的工人—— 其实,在建地, 我们有超过一千四百位的工人,
site:n.地点;位置;场所;v.设置;为…选址;
You know, this is a miracle . It's a miracle . 这是个奇迹,这是个奇迹。
miracle:n.奇迹,奇迹般的人或物;惊人的事例;
To put together 1,400 people, coming from such different places, is a miracle. 要把来自不同的地方的一千四百人 全部结合起来,真的是个奇迹。
put together:..放在一起;组合;装配;
Sites are miracles . 建地现场到处是奇迹。
Sites:n.网站(site的复数);遗址,举办地点;v.使...位于(site的单三形式); miracles:n.奇迹;奇人;不平凡的事;(miracle的复数)
This is another one. 这里还有一个。
Let's talk about construction . 我们来谈谈建造。
construction:n.建设;建筑物;解释;造句;
Adventure , it's adventure in real life, not adventure in spirit. 冒险,它是真实人生的冒险, 不是灵性的冒险。
Adventure:n.冒险;奇遇;经历;冒险游戏;v.探险;以…冒险;大胆进行;闯;
This guy there is a deepwater diver . 这位是深水潜水员。
deepwater:adj.深海的; diver:n.潜水者;跳水的选手;潜鸟;
From rock climbers to deepwater divers . 从攀岩者到潜水员。
divers:adj.不同种类的,各式各样的;
This is in Berlin. 这是在柏林。
After the fall of the Wall in '89, we built this building, connecting East Berlin to West Berlin, in Potsdamer Platz. 在 1989 年围墙拆除之后, 我们建造了这栋 连结东柏林和西柏林的建筑物, 它座落在波茨坦广场。
We got on that project almost 5,000 people. 那个建案用了近五千人。
Almost 5,000 people. 近五千人。
And this is another site in Japan, building the Kansai Airport . 这是另一个建地,在日本, 建造关西国际机场。
Airport:n.机场;航空港;
Again, all the rock climbers, Japanese ones. 一样,都是攀岩者,日本的攀岩者。
You know, making buildings together is the best way to create a sense of cooperation . 你知道吗,一起建造建筑物 是创造合作感最好的方式。
cooperation:n.合作;配合;
The sense of pride -- pride is essential . 榮耀感——榮耀感是很重要的。
essential:n.要点;要素;实质;必需品;adj.完全必要的;必不可少的;极其重要的;本质的;
But, you know, construction, of course, is one of the reasons why architecture is amazing. 但,当然,建筑技术 是建筑物了不起的原因之一。
But there is another one, that is maybe even more amazing. 但还有另外一个, 可能还更了不起的。
Because architecture is the art of making shelter for communities , not just for individuals -- communities and society at large. 因为建筑是 为公众建造庇护所的艺术, 不只是为个人—— 也为社区和大众社会。
communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数);
And society is never the same. 而社会一直在改变。
The world keeps changing. 世界也不断在变。
And changes are difficult to swallow by people. 而改变不易从人身上发觉。
swallow:v.吞下;咽下;吞没;相信;n.吞;咽;燕;一次吞咽的量;
And architecture is a mirror of those changes. 而建筑能反映出这些改变。
Architecture is the built expression of those changes. 建筑物能体现出那些改变。
expression:n.表现,表示,表达;
So, this is why it is so difficult, because those changes create adventure. 这就是为什么它如此困难, 因为那些改变创造出冒险。
They create adventure, and architecture is adventure. 它们创造冒险,而建筑就是冒险。
This is the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris, a long time ago. 这是巴黎的庞毕度中心, 很久以前。
Centre:中心
That was back in time, '77. 当时是 1977 年。
This was a spaceship landing in the middle of Paris. 这是一艘太空船,降落在巴黎中央。
Together with my friend in adventure, Richard Rogers, we were, at the time, young bad boys. 我和我的朋友理查罗杰斯 一起合作冒险, 在当时,我们是很年轻的坏男孩。
Young, bad boys. 年轻的坏男孩。
(Laughter) （笑声）
It was really only a few years after May '68. 时间其实不过是 1968 年 五月之后没几年。
So it was a rebellion , pure rebellion. 当时很叛逆,纯粹就是叛逆。
rebellion:n.谋反;叛乱;反叛;反抗;叛逆;
The idea was to make the proof that cultural buildings should not be intimidating . 我们的想法是要证明 文化建筑物不应该令人生畏。
proof:n.证据;证实;adj.能抵御;可防护; cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; intimidating:adj.吓人的;令人胆怯的;v.恐吓;威胁;(intimidate的现在分词)
They should create a sense of curiosity . 它们应该要能创造出好奇感。
curiosity:n.好奇,好奇心;珍品,古董,古玩;
This is the way to create a cultural place. 这是创造在地文化的方式。
Curiosity is the beginning of a cultural attitude . 一个文化的产生始于好奇心。
attitude:n.态度;看法;意见;姿势;
And there's a piazza there, you can see that piazza. 那里有一个广场, 你们可以看见那个广场。
piazza:n.露天市场,广场;走廊;
And a piazza is the beginning of urban life. 而都市生活始于广场。
urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的;
A piazza is the place where people meet. 广场是大家见面的地方。
And they mix experience. 人们交换生活经验的地方。
And they mix ages. 各年龄层的人都有。
And, you know, in some way, you create the essence of the city. 而且,你知道吗,在某种程度上, 你是在创造城市的本质。
essence:n.本质;实质;精髓;香精;
And since then, we made, in the office, so many other places for people. 在这之后,我们在办公室里, 为人们设计了许多其它的类似空间。
Here, in Rome, is a concert hall. 在罗马这里, 我们打造了一间音乐厅。
Another place for people. 另一个为人们打造的地方。
This building inside is actually designed by the sound, you can see. 你们可以看得出来, 建筑内部是专为声音而设计的。
It's flirting with sound. 如空谷幽兰,余音绕梁。
flirting:v.调情,打情骂俏;(flirt的现在分词)
And this is the Kansai Airport, in Japan. 这是关西国际机场, 在日本。
To make a building, sometimes you need to make an island, and we made the island. 有时,打造一栋建筑物, 就像打造一座岛, 我们打造了一座岛。
The building is more than one mile long. 这栋建筑物有超过一英哩长。
It looks like an immense glider , landing on the ground. 它看起来像是巨大的滑翔机, 降落在地面上。
immense:adj.巨大的,广大的;无边无际的;非常好的; glider:n.[航]滑翔机;滑翔员;滑翔导弹;
And this is in San Francisco. 这是在旧金山。
Another place for people. 另一个为人们打造的地方。
This building is the California Academy of Sciences. 这栋建筑物是 加利福尼亚州科学院。
Academy:n.学院;研究院;学会;专科院校;
And we planted on that roof -- thousands and thousands of plants that use the humidity of the air, instead of pumping water from the water table . 我们在屋顶上种植物—— 上面有数以千计的植物, 靠空气中的湿气生长, 而不是从地下把水抽上来。
humidity:n.[气象]湿度;湿气; pumping:v.用泵输送;涌出;奔流;快速摇动;(pump的现在分词) water table:n.地下水位;
The roof is a living roof, actually. 这片屋顶其实是个活的屋顶。
And this building was made Platinum LEED. 这栋建筑拿到了 LEED 白金级认证。
Platinum:n.[化学]铂; adj.唱片集已售出100万张的;
The LEED is the system to measure, of course, the sustainability of a building. 当然,LEED 是一套系统, 用来测量建筑物的永续性。
sustainability:n.持续性;永续性;能维持性;
So this was also a place for people that will stay a long time. 所以,这也是一个为人打造的地方, 会存在很长的一段时间。
And this is actually New York. 这则是在纽约。
This is the new Whitney, in the Meatpacking District in New York. 这是新惠特尼, 位在纽约的米特帕金区。
Meatpacking:n.肉类加工业;
Well, another flying vessel . 嗯,另一架飞行船。
vessel:n.器皿;轮船;脉管;大船;
Another place for people. 另一个为人打造的地方。
Here we are in Athens, the Niarchos Foundation . 这里是雅典的尼亚可斯基金会。
Foundation:n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立;
It's a library, it's an open house , a concert hall and a big park. 它是座图书馆, 它是间开放的房子,是间音乐厅, 也是个大公园。
open house:n.开放;开放时间;(学校、机关等的)开放日;
This building is also a Platinum LEED building. 它也是 LEED 白金级 认证的建筑物。
This building actually captures the sun's energy with that roof. 这栋建筑物用屋顶捕捉太阳能。
captures:v.俘虏;捕获;攻占;夺得;争得;(capture的第三人称单数)
But, you know, making a building a place for people is good. 但,为人们打造一栋建筑物、 一个空间,是很好的事。
Making libraries, making concert halls, making universities, making museums is good, because you create a place that's open, accessible . 打造图书馆、打造音乐厅、 打造大学、打造博物馆,都很好, 因为你是在创造一个 开放、亲民的地方。
accessible:adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的;
You create a building for a better world, for sure. 你是在创造创造一栋 让世界变得更好的建筑物,真的。
But there is something else that makes architecture amazing, even more. 但还有别的因素, 可以让建筑物更令人惊艷。
And this is the fact that architecture doesn't just answer to need and necessity, but also to desires -- yes, desires -- dreams, aspirations . 实际上, 建筑不只是反应了需求与必要性, 也反应了人们的渴望——是的, 渴望——梦想、期望。
aspirations:n.愿望;
This is what architecture does. 这就是建筑在做的事。
Even the most modest hut on earth is not just a roof. 即使是地球上最简朴的小屋, 也不只是一片屋顶。
modest:adj.些许的;谦虚的; hut:n.小屋;木屋;[军事]临时营房;[美俚]牢房;v.(使)住临时营房[小屋];
It's more than a roof. 建筑除了屋顶,
It's telling a story; it's telling a story about the identity of the people living in that hut. 它还有故事; 建筑能说明住在 那间小屋里人的故事。
identity:n.身份;同一性,一致;特性;恒等式;
Individuals. 不同建筑有不同的故事。
Architecture is the art of telling stories. 建筑是说故事的艺术。
Like this one. 就像这个。
In London: the Shard of Glass. 在伦敦:摘星塔摩天大楼。
Well, this building is the tallest building in Western Europe. 这栋大楼是西欧最高的大楼。
It goes up more than 300 meters in the air, to breathe fresh air. 它的高度超过三百公尺, 在上面呼吸新鲜的空气。
The facets of this building are inclined , and they reflect the sky of London, that is never the same. 这栋大楼的面是倾斜的, 它们会映射出 伦敦多变、不一样的天空。
facets:n.面状,[材]刻面;切面或瓣面(facet的复数形式); inclined:adj.有…倾向; v.(使)倾向于,有…的趋势; (incline的过去分词和过去式) reflect:v.反映;映出(影像);反射;表明,表达;
After rain, everything becomes bluish . 雨后,都变蓝的。
bluish:adj.带蓝色的;有点蓝的;
In the sunny evening, everything is red. 在晴朗的夜晚,都变红的。
It's something that is difficult to explain. 这是很难解释的现象。
It's what we call the soul of a building. 那就是我们所谓的建筑物的灵魂。
On this picture on the left, you have the Menil Collection, used a long time ago. 左边这张照片上的是 曼尼尔私人收藏博物馆, 很久以前使用的。
It's a museum. 它是一间博物馆。
On the right is the Harvard Art Museum. 右边的是哈佛艺术博物馆。
Harvard:n.哈佛大学;哈佛大学学生;
Both those two buildings flirt with light. 两栋建筑物都在和光线调情。
Light is probably one of the most essential materials in architecture. 光线可能是建筑中最重要的元素。
And this is in Amsterdam . 这是阿姆斯特丹。
Amsterdam:n.阿姆斯特丹(荷兰首都);阿姆斯特丹(美国纽约东部城市);
This building is flirting with water. 这栋建筑物在和水调情。
And this is my office, on the sea. 这是我的办公室,在海上。
Well, this is flirting with work. 这是在和工作调情。
Actually, we enjoy working there. 其实,我们很享受在那里工作。
And that cable car is the little cable car that goes up to there. 搭那一台小缆车够能够上到那里。
cable car:n.索车;有轨缆车;
That's "The New York Times" in New York. 这是纽约的「纽约时报」。
Well, this is playing with transparency . 这是在和透明度调情。
transparency:n.透明,透明度;幻灯片;有图案的玻璃;
Again, the sense of light, the sense of transparency. 同样的,光线的感觉 和透明的感觉。
On the left here, you have the Magic Lantern in Japan, in Ginza, in Tokyo. 左手边的是日本的魔灯, 位在日本的银座。
Magic Lantern:n.幻灯;幻灯机;
And in the center is a monastery in the forest. 中间的是森林中的修道院。
monastery:n.修道院;僧侣;
This monastery is playing with the silence and the forest. 这间修道院在和寂静 及森林一同玩乐。
And a museum, a science museum. 这是一间博物馆,科学博物馆。
This is about levitation . 设计重点在于悬浮。
levitation:n.升空;飘浮;
And this is in the center of Paris, in the belly of the whale. 这是在巴黎的中心, 在鲸鱼的肚子里。
belly:n.腹部;胃;食欲;v.涨满;鼓起;
This is the Pathé Foundation in Paris. 这是巴黎的百代电影基金会。
All those buildings have something in common: it's that something is searching for desire, for dreams. 所有这些建筑物都有一项共通性: 这项共通性就是 对欲望和梦想的追求。
And that's me. 这是我。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Well, it's me on my sailing boat . 我在我的帆船上。
sailing boat:n.帆船;
Flirting with breeze . 和风调情。
breeze:n.微风;和风;轻而易举的事;v.轻盈而自信地走;
Well, there's not a very good reason to show you this picture. 嗯,这并不是给各位看 这张照片的好理由。
(Laughter) （笑声）
I'm trying, I'm trying. 我在试,我在试。
You know, one thing is clear: I love sailing, for sure. 有件事很清楚:我很爱航海,真的。
I actually also love designing sailing boats. 我其实也爱设计帆船。
But I love sailing, because sailing is associated with slowness . 但我爱航海,因为航海和缓慢有关。
associated:adj.有关联的; v.联想; (associate的过去分词和过去式) slowness:n.缓慢;迟钝;
And ... 还有……
and silence. 寂静。
And the sense of suspension . 及海上乘风破浪的感受。
suspension:n.悬浮;暂停;停职;
And there is another thing that this picture says. 这张照片还说明了另外一件事。
It says that I'm Italian. 它说我是义大利人。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Well, there is very little I can do about that. 嗯,对于这点我是无能为力。
(Laughter) （笑声）
I'm Italian, and I love beauty. 我是义大利人,我爱美丽。
I love beauty. 我爱美丽。
Well, let's go sailing, I want to take you sailing here, to this place, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. 咱们去航海吧,我想要带各位出海, 去这个地方, 位在太平洋中央。
This is the Jean-Marie Tjibaou Center. 这是栖包屋文化中心。
It's for the Kanaky ethnic group. 它是为了卡纳克民族所建的。
ethnic:adj.种族的;人种的;
It's in Nouméa, New Caledonia. 位在新喀里多尼亚的努美阿。
This place is for art. 建造这个地方是为了艺术。
Art and nature. 艺术和大自然。
And those buildings actually flirt with the wind, with the trade winds . 那些建筑物是真的在和风调情, 和季风调情。
trade winds:n.信风;
They have a sound, they have a voice, those buildings. 那些建筑物,它们有声音。
I'm showing this because it's about beauty. 我给各位看这张图, 是因为它和美有关。
It's about pure beauty. 它是纯粹的美。
And let's talk about beauty for a moment. 咱们先来谈一下「美」。
Beauty is like the bird of paradise : the very moment you try to catch it, it flies away. 美,就像是天堂的鸟 : 当你就要抓到牠时,牠就飞走了。
bird of paradise:极乐鸟;天堂鸟;
Your arm is too short. 你的手臂不够长。
But beauty is not a frivolous idea. 但美并不是一个轻佻的想法。
frivolous:adj.无聊的;轻佻的;琐碎的;
It's the opposite. 正好相反。
In my native language, that is Italian, "beautiful" is "bello." 在我的母语,也就是义大利语中, 「美丽」叫做「bello」。
native:adj.本国的;土著的;天然的;与生俱来的;天赋的;n.本地人;土产;当地居民;
In Spanish, "beauty" is "belleza." 在西班牙,「美丽」 叫做「belleza。
In Greek, "beautiful" is "kalos." 在希腊语,「美丽」 叫做「kalos」。
When you add "agathos," that means "beautiful and good." 当你加上「agathos」, 就表示「美丽且美好」。
In no one of those languages, "beautiful" just means "beautiful." 在这些语言当中,「美丽」 都不是只有「美丽」的意思。
It also means "good." 这个词也都意味着「美好」。
Real beauty is when the invisible joins the visible, coming on surface. 真正的美丽是当看不见的部分 结合了看得见的部分, 而在表像呈现出来。
invisible:adj.看不见的;n.看不见的人或物;
And this doesn't apply only to art or nature. 这个概念不只适用在 艺术或大自然上。
apply:v.申请;涂,敷;应用;适用;请求;
This applies to science, human curiosity, solidarity -- that's the reason why you may say, "This is a beautiful person," 也可以用在科学、 人类好奇心、团结—— 那就是为什么你可能会说: 「这是个美丽的人」、
applies:v.适用;申请;运用;专心;(apply的第三人称单数) solidarity:n.团结,团结一致;
'"That's a beautiful mind." 「那是个美丽的心灵」。
This, this is the beauty that can change people into better people, by switching a special light in their eyes. 这种美丽可以让人 变成更好的人, 只要转换他们眼中的光, 变成特殊的光。
And making buildings for this beauty makes cities better places to live. 为了这种美丽来打造建筑物, 能让城市成为更棒的居住地。
And better cities make better citizens. 更好的城市, 就会有更好的市民。
Well, this beauty -- this universal beauty, I should say -- is one of the few things that can change the world. 这种美丽—— 我应该说,这种普遍的美丽—— 是少数能够改变世界的东西之一。
universal:adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的;
Believe me, this beauty will save the world. 相信我,这种美丽能够拯救世界。
One person at a time, but it will do it. 一人一次,就能办到。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）