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ReginaDugan_2012-_从20马赫的滑翔机到蜂鸟无人机的感想_
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| You should be nice to nerds . |
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nerds:n.书呆子;网虫;讨厌鬼(nerd的复数);
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| In fact, I'd go so far as to say, if you don't already have a nerd in your life, you should get one. |
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so far as:只要;就…而言;在…范围内;
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| I'm just saying. |
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| Scientists and engineers change the world. |
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| I'd like to tell you about a magical place called DARPA where scientists and engineers defy the impossible and refuse to fear failure. |
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defy:vt.藐视;公然反抗;挑衅;使落空;n.挑战;对抗;
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| Now these two ideas are connected more than you may realize, because when you remove the fear of failure, impossible things suddenly become possible. |
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| If you want to know how, ask yourself this question: |
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| What would you attempt to do if you knew you could not fail? |
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attempt:n.企图,试图;攻击;v.企图,试图;尝试;
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| If you really ask yourself this question, you can't help but feel uncomfortable. |
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| I feel a little uncomfortable. |
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| Because when you ask it, you begin to understand how the fear of failure constrains you, how it keeps us from attempting great things, and life gets dull , amazing things stop happening. |
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constrains:约束; attempting:v.努力;尝试;试图;(attempt的现在分词) dull:v.减轻; adj.枯燥无味的;
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| Sure, good things happen, but amazing things stop happening. |
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| Now I should be clear, |
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| I'm not encouraging failure, |
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| I'm discouraging fear of failure. |
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discouraging:adj.使人沮丧的;阻止的;v.使灰心;阻止;劝阻;(discourage的现在分词)
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| Because it's not failure itself that constrains us. |
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| The path to truly new, never-been-done-before things always has failure along the way. |
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| We're tested. |
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| And in part, that testing feels an appropriate part of achieving something great. |
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appropriate:adj.适当的;恰当的;v.占用,拨出;
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| Clemenceau said, "Life gets interesting when we fail, because it's a sign that we've surpassed ourselves." |
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surpassed:v.超过,凌驾(surpass的过去分词形式);
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| In 1895, |
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| Lord Kelvin declared that heavier-than-air flying machines were impossible. |
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Lord:n.(英国)贵族,大人,大臣;v.使成贵族;作威作福; Kelvin:n.开尔文(英国物理学家,数学家); adj.开氏度的(常作K-);
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| In October of 1903, the prevailing opinion of expert aerodynamicists was that maybe in 10 million years we could build an aircraft that would fly. |
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prevailing:adj.流行的;一般的;占优势的;v.盛行,流行;获胜;(prevail的现在分词形式) aircraft:n.飞机,航空器;
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| And two months later on December 17th, |
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| Orville Wright powered the first airplane across a beach in North Carolina . |
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Wright:n.制作者;工人; airplane:n.飞机; Carolina:n.卡罗莱纳州(在美国东南部);
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| The flight lasted 12 seconds and covered 120 ft. |
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| That was 1903. |
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| One year later, the next declarations of impossibilities began. |
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declarations:n.[法]声明(declaration的复数); impossibilities:n.不可能;不可能的事;
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| Ferdinand Foch, a French army general credited with having one of the most original and subtle minds in the French army, said, " Airplanes are interesting toys, but of no military value." |
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original:n.原件;原作;原物;原型;adj.原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的; subtle:adj.微妙的;精细的;敏感的;狡猾的;稀薄的; Airplanes:n.(美)[航]飞机(airplane的复数); military:adj.军事的;军人的;适于战争的;n.军队;军人;
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| 40 years later, aero experts coined the term transonic . |
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aero:adj.航空的;飞机的;飞行的; transonic:adj.接近音速的;
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| They debated , should it have one S or two? |
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debated:v.讨论,辩论;思考;盘算;(debate的过去分词和过去式)
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| You see, they were having trouble in this flight regime , and it wasn't at all clear that we could fly faster than the speed of sound. |
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regime:n.政权,政体;社会制度;管理体制;
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| In 1947, there was no wind tunnel data beyond Mach 0.85. |
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wind tunnel:n.(试验飞机等用的)风洞;
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| And yet, on Tuesday, October 14th, 1947, |
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| Chuck Yeager climbed into the cockpit of his Bell X-1 and he flew towards and unknown possibility, and in so doing, he became the first pilot to fly faster than the speed of sound. |
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Chuck:n.卡盘;夹头;辞退;(牛等的)颈肉;v.放弃;[机]用卡盘夹紧;(口语)抛出,逐出; cockpit:n.驾驶员座舱;战场;
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| Six of eight Atlas rockets blew up on the pad . |
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Atlas:n.地图集;寰椎; pad:n.软垫,护垫;便笺本;爪垫;肉掌;v.填充,覆盖,保护;蹑手蹑脚地走;做黑账;
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| After 11 complete mission failures, we got our first images in space. |
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mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教; images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数)
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| And on that first flight we got more data than in all U-2 missions combined. |
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missions:n.任务; v.给…交代任务; (mission的复数)
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| It took a lot of failures to get there. |
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| Since we took to the sky, we have wanted to fly faster and farther. |
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| And to do so, we've had to believe in impossible things. |
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| And we've had to refuse to fear failure. |
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| That's still true today. |
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| Today, we don't talk about flying transonically, or even supersonically, we talk about flying hypersonically -- not Mach 2 or Mach 3, Mach 20. |
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