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RayAnderson_2009-_雷_安德森谈为何商业可以做到可持续_
Believe it or not, I come offering a solution to a very important part of this larger problem, with the requisite focus on climate. 不管相不相信,我来这儿是要解决问题的 我们面对的问题很大, 但今天我 只想就问题在气候方面的影响发表看法
solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答; requisite:adj.必备的,必不可少的;需要的;n.必需品;
And the solution I offer is to the biggest culprit in this massive mistreatment of the earth by humankind , and the resulting decline of the biosphere . 我要提供的这一解决方案 是给那些 已经给地球造成巨大创伤、 以及造成生物圈之消亡的人 带来的。
culprit:n.犯人,罪犯;被控犯罪的人; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; mistreatment:n.虐待; humankind:n.人类(总称); decline:v.下降;衰退;减少;谢绝;n.下降; biosphere:n.生物圈;
That culprit is business and industry. 罪魁祸首是工业和商业
Which happens to be where I have spent the last 52 years since my graduation from Georgia Tech in 1956. 而这刚好是我1956年从乔治亚理工大学毕业之后的 52年里一直在做的事情
As an industrial engineer, cum aspiring and then successful entrepreneur . 我是一名工业工程师 也走过了从创业家到企业家的道路
industrial:adj.工业的,产业的; n.工业股票; aspiring:adj.渴望从事…的; v.渴望(成就); (aspire的现在分词) entrepreneur:n.企业家;承包人;主办者;
After founding my company Interface from scratch in 1973, 36 years ago, to produce carpet tiles in America for the business and institution markets, and shepherding it through start-up and survival to prosperity and global dominance in its field, 我白手起家,创建了界面公司 那时候是1973年,36年前了 我们为美国市场生产地毯 我们的客户主要是 商业公司和研究机构 我经历了公司从草创到生存到 繁盛到占领全球市场的过程
Interface:n.接口;人机界面;连接电路;v.连接; from scratch:白手起家;从头做起; carpet:n.地毯;v.用地毯铺(房间的)地板; tiles:n.[建]瓷砖(tile的复数形式);v.铺砖(tile的第三人称单数形式); institution:n.制度;建立;(社会或宗教等)公共机构;习俗; shepherding:vt.牧羊;带领;指导;看管;n.牧羊人;牧师;指导者; start-up:n.启动;adj.起动阶段的;开始阶段的(异体字startup); survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物; prosperity:n.繁荣,成功; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; dominance:n.优势;统治;支配;
I read Paul Hawken's book, 后来我读到了保罗·霍肯的一本书
The Ecology of Commerce , the summer of 1994. 《商业生态学》 那是1994年的夏季
Commerce:n.商业;(尤指国际间的)贸易;商务;
In his book Paul charges business and industry as, one, the major culprit in causing the decline of the biosphere, and, two, the only institution that is large enough and pervasive enough, and powerful enough, to really lead humankind out of this mess . 在那本书里,保罗将商业以及工业 称作导致生物圈破坏的 罪魁祸首 同时,这些商业公司也是唯一的 有足够的市场资源和力量 去引导人类走出困局的机构
pervasive:adj.普遍的;到处渗透的;流行的; mess:n.混乱;餐厅;杂乱;肮脏;v.使不整洁;弄脏;弄乱;随地便溺;
And by the way he convicted me as a plunderer of the earth. 顺便提一下,在那本书里, 保罗称我是地球资源的掠夺者
by the way:顺便说一下; convicted:v.定罪;宣判…有罪;(convict的过去式和过去分词)
And I then challenged the people of Interface, my company, to lead our company and the entire industrial world to sustainability . 后来我对我的公司员工提出一个挑战 我希望带领我们的公司以及整个行业走向可持续的发展
sustainability:n.持续性;永续性;能维持性;
Which we defined as eventually opperating our petroleum intensive company in such a way as to take from the earth only what can be renewed by the earth naturally and rapidly, not another fresh drop of oil, and to do no harm to the biosphere. 最后我们对于我们这个石油依赖性很强的企业 的新定位是 我们只使用 可以在自然界迅速循环利用的地球资源, 不再吞噬石油, 也不再对生物圈造成破坏
defined:adj.有定义的,确定的; v.使明确; eventually:adv.最后,终于; petroleum:n.石油; intensive:adj.加强的;集中的;透彻的;加强语气的;n.加强器; renewed:adj.再次发生的; v.重新开始; (renew的过去分词和过去式) naturally:adv.自然地;自然而然地;轻而易举;天生地;大方地;
Take nothing. Do no harm. 不从大自然索取。也不伤害它。
I simply said, "If Hawken is right and business and industry must lead, who will lead business and industry? 我只是简单的说,“假如保罗是对的” 那么商业以及工业就应当行动起来 但谁将成为领导者呢？
Unless somebody leads, nobody will." 假如没有人成为领导者,没有人会愿意行动的。
It's axiomatic . Why not us? 听起来很简单。为什么我们不成为领导者？
axiomatic:adj.公理的;自明的;
And thanks to the people of Interface, 多亏公司员工的支持
I have become a recovering plunderer. 我现在已经慢慢的从环境掠夺者成为环境保护者
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) （掌声）
I once told a Fortune Magazine writer that someday people like me would go to jail . 我曾经跟《财富》杂志的作者说过 也许有一天,像我这样的人会被关进牢房的
Fortune:n.财富;命运;运气;v.给予财富,偶然发生 jail:n.监狱;监牢;拘留所;v.监禁;下狱;
And that became the headline of a Fortune article. 那个采访于是上了《财富》的封面
They went on to describe me as America's greenest CEO. 后来他们就称我是美国最绿色的CEO
describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形;
From plunderer to recovering plunderer, to America's greenest CEO, in five years. 从掠夺者到保护者 到美国最绿色的CEO,也才五年的时间
That frankly was a pretty sad commentary on American CEOs in 1999. 这本身也是对于1999年的 美国CEO的一大讽刺
commentary:n.评论;注释;评注;说明;
Asked later in the Canadian documentary, The Corporation , what I meant by the "go to jail" remark , 后来,加拿大拍的纪录片《解构企业》也采访了我 他们问我“被关进牢房”是什么意思
Corporation:n.法人;(大)公司;法人团体;市政委员会; remark:v.评论;谈论;说起;n.评述;言论;谈论;引人注目;
I offered that theft is a crime. 我说,盗窃是一种罪
And theft of or children's future would someday be a crime. 而盗窃后代的财富将来也会成为一种罪
But I realized for that to be true, for theft of our children's future to be a crime, there must be a clear demonstrable alternative to the take-make-waste industrial system that so dominates our civilization , 但我意识到, 要使得偷窃后代财富成为一种罪 那我们必须得找到一种可行的替代方案 把现今成为人类文明之主导的 “掠夺-生产-废物”式的工业体系改革过来
demonstrable:adj.可论证的;显而易见的; alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择; dominates:v.支配;控制;左右;影响;(dominate的第三人称单数) civilization:n.文明;文明社会;文明世界;(特定时期和地区的)社会文明;
and is the major culprit, stealing our children's future, by digging up the earth and converting it to products that quickly become waste in a landfill or an incinerator . 因为这个正是偷窃我们后代财富的罪魁祸首 我们开采地下的资源 然后通过工业将其变为产品,这些产品很快又会成为废物 被运到填埋场或焚烧炉
converting:v.(使)转变,转换,转化;可转变为;归附;(convert的现在分词) landfill:n.垃圾填埋地;垃圾堆; incinerator:n.[环境][炉窑]焚化炉,焚尸炉;焚烧装置;
In short, digging up the earth and converting it to pollution. 简单点,用保罗和安妮的话来讲,
According to Paul and Anne Ehrlich and a well known environmental impact equation , impact -- a bad thing -- is the product of population, affluence and technology . 就是把地球资源变成污染。 有一个很著名的计算环境影响的公式 环境影响——这是一个不好的东西 它是人口、财富以及科技三者相互作用的产物
According to:根据,据说; well known:adj.著名的;众所周知的;清楚明白的; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响; equation:n.方程式,等式;相等;[化学]反应式; affluence:n.富裕;丰富;流入;汇集; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
That is, impact is generated by people, what they consume in their affluence, and how it is produced. 换言之,影响是由人带来的 人们所消费的产品 以及产品的制造方式
generated:v.产生;引起;(generate的过去式和过去分词) consume:v.消耗;吃;毁灭;烧毁;
And though the equation is largely subjective , you can perhaps quantify people, and perhaps quantify affluence, but technology is abusive in too many ways to quantify. 虽然这个公式有很大的主观成分 但你也许可以计算出人口的数量以及财富的数量 但通常科技就很难量化了。
largely:adv.主要地;大部分;大量地; subjective:adj.主观的;个人的;自觉的; quantify:vt.量化;为…定量;确定数量;vi.量化;定量; abusive:adj.辱骂的;滥用的;虐待的;
So the equation is conceptual . 或者说,这个公式是理念性的
conceptual:adj.概念上的;
Still it works to help us understand the problem. 不过它仍然可以帮我们理解问题。
So we set out at Interface, in 1994, to create an example, to transform the way we made carpet. 界面公司于1994年开始 通过实验 摸索生产地毯的新方式
transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式;
A petroleum intensive product for materials as well as energy. 过去,生产地毯都是需要大量石油和能源的
as well as:也;和…一样;不但…而且;
And to transform our technologies so they diminished environmental impact, rather than multiplied it. 我们需要转变我们的技术 尽可能降低其环境影响 而不是增加这些影响
technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数); diminished:adj.减少的; v.减少; (diminish的过去式和过去分词) multiplied:v.乘;乘以;成倍增加;(使)繁殖,增殖;(multiply的过去分词和过去式)
Paul and Anne Ehrlich's environmental impact equation: 保罗和安妮的这个环境影响公式
I is equal to P times A times T. I = P X A X T
Population, affluence and technology. 人口、财富以及技术
I wanted Interface to rewrite that equation so that it read 我希望界面公司可以重新编写这个公式:
I equals P times A divided by T. I = P X A / T
Now, the mathematically minded will see immediately that T in the numerator increases impact -- a bad thing. 假如你数学很好,你马上就能发现 T作为因子的时候会增强影响——这是坏事
mathematically:adv.算术地,数学上地; numerator:n.分子;计算者;计算器;
But T in the denominator decreases impact. 但假如T作为分母的时候就会降低影响
denominator:n.[数]分母;命名者;共同特征或共同性质;平均水平或标准; decreases:减少(decrease的复数);
So I ask, "What would move T, technology, from the numerator, call it T1, where it increases impact, to the denominator, call it T2, where it reduces impact? 于是我问,“假如作为因子的 T 我们称之为 T1 我们希望这个 T1 可以扩大影响 而作为分母的 T2, 我们希望其降低影响。这可能吗？
I thought about the characteristics of first industrial revolution , 我想到了第一次工业革命 的一些特征
characteristics:n.特征;特点;品质;(characteristic的复数) industrial revolution:n.工业革命;
T1, as we practiced it at Interface, and it had the following characteristics. T1 主要包含以下的特点:
Extractive : taking raw materials from the earth. 掠夺:从地球拿走资源
Extractive:n.提取物;抽出物;精华;adj.提取的;可萃取的;精萃的;
Linear : take, make, waste. 线性的:掠夺,生产,浪费
Linear:adj.线的,线型的;直线的,线状的;长度的;
Powered by fossil fuel derived energy. 其动力是化石燃料
fossil fuel:n.化石燃料(如煤或石油); derived:adj.导出的;衍生的,派生的;v.得到;推断(derive的过去分词);由…而来;
Wasteful : abusive and focused on labor productivity . 它也是浪费的:是带有侮辱性以及仅仅关注工人生产效率的
Wasteful:adj.浪费的,不经济的;奢侈的; productivity:n.生产力;生产率;生产能力;
More carpet per man hour. 我们只希望一个小时内可以做出更多的地毯
Thinking it through, I realized that all those attributes must be changed to move T to the denominator. 综合考虑,我认为 T必须放到分母
attributes:v.把…归因于; n.属性; (attribute的第三人称单数和复数)
In the new industrial revolution extractive must be replaced by renewable , linear by cyclical , fossil fuel energy by renewable energy, sunlight. 在新的技术革命年代,从地里拿走的,必须用可再生的东西加以取代 将线性的变为循环的 从化石燃料转为可再生能源
renewable:adj.可再生的;可更新的;可继续的;n.再生性能源; cyclical:adj.周期的,循环的;
Wasteful by waste-free . 从浪费到零废物
waste-free:不出垃圾的;
And abusive by benign . 从侮辱性的到仁慈的
benign:adj.良性的;和蔼的,亲切的;吉利的;
And labor productivity by resource productivity. 从工人生产效率转为资源利用效率
resource:n.资源;资料;才智;财力;v.向…提供资金(或设备);
And I reasoned that if we could make those transformative changes, and get rid of T1 altogether, we could reduce our impact to zero, including our impact on the climate. 我设想,假如我们能够作出这些转变 将 T1 彻底去除 我们可以将我们 的影响降为零 包括我们对环境的影响
transformative:adj.变化的,变形的;有改革能力的;
And that became the Interface plan in 1995. 这也成为了界面公司1995年的策略
And has been the plan ever since. 并且以后一直在执行
We have measured our progress very rigorously . 我们每一年都非常详实的计算我们的进步
measured:adj.缓慢谨慎的; v.测量; (measure的过去分词和过去式) rigorously:adv.严厉地;残酷地;
So I can tell you how far we have come in the ensuing 12 years. 所以我可以很清楚的告诉大家我们从94年开始的12年里做了些什么
ensuing:adj.接著发生的;v.跟着发生(ensue的ing形式);
Net greenhouse gas emissions down 82 percent in absolute tonnage . 温室气体净排放量绝对值 下降了82%
greenhouse gas:n.温室气体(尤指二氧化碳); emissions:n.(光、热、气等的)发出,排放;排放物;散发物;(emission的复数) tonnage:n.吨位,载重量;船舶总吨数,排水量;
(Applause) （掌声）
Over the same span of time sales have increased by two thirds and profits have doubled. 在同一时间里 销售额上涨了三分之二,利润翻了一番
span:n.持续时间; v.持续; profits:n.利润; v.获益; (profit的第三人称单数和复数)
So an 82 percent absolute reduction translates into a 90 percent reduction in greenhouse gas intensity relative to sales. 这82%的温室气体排放下降值 其中有90% 来源于产品的革新
reduction:n.减少;缩小;降低;减价;折扣;缩图; intensity:n.强度;强烈;[电子]亮度;紧张; relative:adj.相对的;有关系的;成比例的;n.亲戚;相关物;[语]关系词;亲缘植物;
This is the magnitude of the reduction the entire global technosphere must realize by 2050 to avoid catastrophic climate disruption . 这是很大一个数字 全球的科技界都应当知道 并且需要在2050年之前达到这一数字 唯有如此,我们才能避免灾难性的气候危机
magnitude:n.大小;量级;[地震]震级;重要;光度; catastrophic:adj.灾难的;悲惨的;灾难性的,毁灭性的; disruption:n.破坏,毁坏;分裂,瓦解;
So the scientists are telling us. 科学家告诉我们说
Fossil fuel usage is down 60 percent per unit of production, due to efficiencies in renewables . 因为可替代能源的使用 在界面公司,化石燃料的使用量可以降低60%
usage:n.使用;利用;利用率;惯用法; efficiencies:n.效率(efficiency的复数); renewables:n.可再生能源(renewable的复数);
The cheapest, most secure barrel of oil there is is the one not used through efficiencies. 我们发现,最为廉价的石油,是 那些因为使用效率不高而尚未被充分使用的石油
barrel:n.桶;枪管;一桶(的量);v.飞驰;
Water usage is down 75 percent in our world-wide carpet tile business. 我们公司耗水数量下降了75% 这对于我们公司整个全球生产基地都是如此
world-wide:adj.遍及全世界的;
Down 40 percent in our broadloom carpet business, which we acquired in 1993 right here in California, City of Industry, where water is so precious . 我们的宽幅地毯生产所需的水也下降了40% 那是我们于1993年收购回来的 工厂就在加州 大家也都知道,这里的水是多么的宝贵
broadloom:adj.织为单色宽幅的;宽幅的;n.[纺]宽幅地毯; acquired:adj.习得的; v.获得; (acquire的过去分词和过去式) precious:adj.宝贵的;珍贵的;矫揉造作的;
Renewable or recyclable materials are 25 percent of the total, and growing rapidly. 可再生或可回收材料的比例是25%,并且正在快速增长
recyclable:adj.可回收利用的;可再循环的;
Renewable energy is 27 percent of our total, going for 100 percent. 可再生能源比例则为27% 并且将走向100%
We have diverted 148 million pounds -- that's 74,000 tons -- of used carpet, from landfills . 我们也成功的将1.48亿磅 也就是七万四千吨的旧地毯 从填埋厂回收回来。
diverted:v.呼叫转移,释放;(divert的过去分词和过去式) landfills:n.废物填埋地(或场);废物填埋;填埋的废物;(landfill的复数)
Closing the loop on material flows through reverse logistics and post-consumer recycling technologies that did not exist when we started 14 years ago. 我们通过反向循环以及 回收技术 成功的搭起了生产材料的回路 那是我们一开始的时候没有的
loop:n.循环;回路;环路;圈;v.使成环;使绕成圈;成环形移动; reverse:n.反面; v.颠倒; adj.相反的; logistics:n.[军]后勤;后勤学;物流; recycling:n.(资源,垃圾的)回收利用;v.回收;再循环利用(recycle的现在分词);
Those new cyclical technologies have contributed mightily to the fact that we have produced and sold 85 million square yards of climate-neutral carpet since 2004. 这些新型的摆线技术 已经为我们自2004年以来生产和销售 的八千五百万平方英尺的地毯 立下汗马功劳
contributed:v.捐献,捐赠(尤指款或物); (contribute的过去式和过去分词) mightily:adv.强烈地,激烈地;非常地;
Meaning no net contribution to global climate disruption in producing the carpet throughout the supply chain , from mine and well head clear to end-of-life reclamation . 也意味着,从结果看,不再会排出加剧气候变化的气体 这是通过我们对供应链 从开矿到产品回收的整个过程的控制来实现的
contribution:n.捐款;捐资;定期缴款;贡献;促成作用;稿件; throughout:adv.自始至终,到处;全部;prep.贯穿,遍及; supply chain:n.供应链; reclamation:n.开垦;收回;再利用;矫正;
Independent third-party certified . 这是有第三方独立认证的
Independent:adj.独立的; n.无党派议员(或候选人等); third-party:adj.第三方,第三方的; certified:adj.被证明了的; v.(尤指书面)证明,证实; (certify的过去式和过去分词)
We call it Cool Carpet. 我们将此称为“酷地毯”
And it has been a powerful marketplace differentiator , increasing sales and profits. 并且在市面上也成为了杀手 在销售额以及利润方面都有增长
marketplace:n.市场;集市; differentiator:n.[自]微分器;微分电路;区分者;
Three years ago we launched carpet tile for the home, under the brand Flor , misspelled F-L-O-R. 三年前,我们推出了家用地毯砖 产品的名字叫Flor 这是一个错误的拼写F-L-O-R.
launched:v.发射;发起;开展;开始;(launch的过去式和过去分词) brand:v.铭刻于,铭记;打烙印于;印…商标于;n.商标,牌子;烙印; Flor:n.浮在葡萄酒表面的一种白色酵母; misspelled:v.拼错;写错;(misspell的过去式和过去分词)
You can point and click today at Flor.com and have Cool Carpet delivered to your front door in five days. 你可以在Flor.com看到更多介绍 并且可以订购,五天之内即可在家里拿到货
It is practical , and pretty too. 它非常实用,也很漂亮
practical:adj.实际的;真实的;客观存在的;n.实习课;实践课;
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) （掌声）
We reckon that we are a bit over halfway to our goal -- zero impact, zero footprint . 我想我们离实现目标已经走完了一半的路程 这个目标就是“零影响、零足迹”
reckon:v.认为;想;估计;计算; footprint:n.足迹;脚印;
We've set 2020 as our target year for zero, for reaching the top, the summit of Mount Sustainability. 我们将2020年设为“零排放年” 我们希望到那时可以成功的登上“可持续发展之峰顶”
summit:n.峰会;山顶;顶点;最高点;
We call this Mission Zero. 我们把这一目标叫作“零使命”
And this is perhaps the most important facet . 这也许是最重要的一面
facet:n.面;方面;小平面;vt.在…上琢面;
We have found Mission Zero to be incredibly good for business. 我们发现,“零使命”对于业务发展是有极大助推力的
incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地;
A better business model. 并且可以带来更好的商业模式
A better way to bigger profits. 更好的实现利润
Here is the business case for sustainability. 这就是可持续发展的商业道白
From real life experience, costs are down, not up, reflecting some 400 million dollars of avoided costs in pursuit of zero waste. 它源自我的自身经历,我们真的看到了成本在下降,而不是上升 从数字上看,就是在追求零废品的过程中, 我们有4亿美金的成本可以节省下来
reflecting:v.反映;映出(影像);反射;显示,表明,表达;(reflect的现在分词) in pursuit of:寻求,追求;
The first face of Mount Sustainability. 这也是“可持续发展之峰顶”的模样之一
This has paid all the costs for the transformation of Interface. 这个节省下来的成本足以支付我们公司转型所需的花费
transformation:n.转变;(用于南非)民主改革;
And this dispels a myth too, this false choice between the environment and the economy . 这一例子也破除了人们一个迷思 即认为经济与环境是不可二者兼得的
myth:n.神话;虚构的人,虚构的事; economy:n.经济;节约;理财;
Our products are the best they've ever been, inspired by design for sustainability, an unexpected wellspring of innovation . 我们现在生产 出来的产品是一流的 因为它们都是在“为了持续应用”的原则下设计出来的 这一原则也成为了未曾预料到的创新之源
inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式) unexpected:adj.意外的,想不到的; wellspring:n.泉源;水源; innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法;
Our people are galvanized around this shared higher purpose. 我们的员工也为这个更高的理想而振奋
galvanized:adj.镀锌的,电镀的;v.电镀;刺激(galvanize的过去式和过去分词形式);
You can not beat it for attracting the best people and bringing them together. 再也没有比这个更好的口号来吸引优秀人才 以及团结整个团队的口号了
And the goodwill of the marketplace is astonishing . 而市场的反响也是令人惊讶的
astonishing:adj.令人十分惊讶的;v.使十分惊讶;使吃惊;(astonish的现在分词)
No amount of advertising , no clever marketing campaign at any price , could have produced or created this much goodwill. 其他任何形式的广告或营销策略 不管花费多大的力气或成本 都没办法达到这样的效果
No amount of:即使再大(或再多)的…(也不); advertising:n.做广告;广告业;广告活动;v.做广告;(advertise的现在分词) at any price:无论如何;无论多少代价;不管价格的高低;
Costs, products, people, marketplaces . 刚才已经谈到了成本、产品、人员以及市场了,
marketplaces:n.市场;集贸市场(marketplace的复数);
What else is there? 还有什么没有讲到？
It is a better business model. 我认为这是更优的商业模式
And here is our 14-year record of sales and profits. 这是我们14年来的销售以及利润图
There is a dip there, from 2001 to 2003: a dip when our sales, over a three year period, were down 17 percent. 从2001到2003曾出现了下降 在那段时间里,我们的销售额 下降了17%
dip:n.游一游; v.蘸;
But the marketplace was down 36 percent. 但同期的市场容量则下降了36%
We literally gained market share . 所以我们事实上是赢得了市场
literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: market share:n.[商]市场份额;市场占有率;
We might not have survived that recession but for the advantages of sustainability. 假如我们没有采取可持续发展的战略 也许我们就不会在那场衰退中活过来了
recession:n.经济衰退;经济萎缩;退后;撤回; advantages:n.有利条件; v.有利于;
If every business were pursuing Interface plans would that solve all our problems? 假如每一个企业都追求跟我们一样的目标 那是不是就可以解决我们所有的问题呢？
pursuing:v.追求;致力于;贯彻;跟踪;追赶;(pursue的现在分词)
I don't think so. 我认为不是的
I remain troubled by the revised Ehrlich equation, 我还是经常被这个公式所困扰
revised:v.改变;修改;复习;温习;(revise的过去分词和过去式)
I equals P times A divided by T2. I = P X A /T2
That A is a capital A, suggesting that affluence is an end in itself. 这里的A是大写的 意味着富裕本身就是一个目标
But what if we reframed Ehrlich further? 但假如我们更进一步的重构这一公式呢？
what if:如果…怎么办? reframed:vt.再构造,再组织;重新制订;给…装上新框架;
And what if we made A a lowercase 'a,' suggesting that it is a means to an end , and that end is happiness. 假如我们把大写的 A 换成小写的 a 呢？ 这样一来,a 意味着财富只是到达目的的手段之一 而目标是快乐
lowercase:n.小写字母;小写字体;adj.小写字体的;vt.用小写字体书写; means to an end:达到目的的手段;达到某一目的的手段;手段目的;
More happiness with less stuff . 多一点快乐、少一点占有
stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
You know that would reframe civilization itself -- 这也许会让我们重新构想人类文明本身——
(Applause) （掌声）
and our whole system of economics, if not for our species then perhaps for the one that succeeds us. 以及我们整个的经济体系 即使不是为了人类,也至少是为了人类以后的那个物种
species:n.[生物]物种;种类;
The sustainable species, living on a finite earth. 一种可持续的物种,生活在一个有限的地球上
sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的; finite:adj.有限的;限定的;n.有限之物;
Ethically , happily and ecologically in balance with nature and all her natural systems for a thousand generations, or 10,000 generations. 合乎道德的、幸福的、绿色的 与自然相协调的 世代延续下去, 直到千代、万代
Ethically:adv.伦理上; ecologically:adv.从生态学的观点看;
That is to say , into the indefinite future. 或者是延续至无穷
That is to say:就是;即;换言之; indefinite:adj.不确定的;无限的;模糊的;
But does the earth have to wait for our extinction as a species? 但地球是不是只能等待人类之毁灭呢？
extinction:n.绝种;
Well maybe so. But I don't think so. 也许是吧。但我不是这么看的
At Interface we really intend to bring this prototypical sustainable, zero-footprint industrial company fully into existence by 2020. 我们界面公司确实是希望 将我们这个可持续的、零足迹的工业企业 带入2020年
intend:v.打算;计划;想要; prototypical:adj.原型的;典型的;
We can see our way now. 我们现在也看到了前面的路了
Clear to the top of that mountain. 可以一直看到通往峰顶之路
And now the challenge is in execution . 现在需要做的就是执行了
execution:n.执行,实行;完成;死刑;
And as my good friend and adviser Amory Lovins says, "If something exists, it must be possible." 就像我的好朋友、好参谋Amory Lovins所说, “假如某种东西是存在的,它就是可能的”
adviser:n.顾问;劝告者;指导教师(等于advisor);
(Laughter) （笑声）
If we can actually do it, it must be possible. 假如我们真的可以做,那就是可能的
If we, a petro-intensive company can do it, anybody can. 假如我们这个曾经严重依赖石油的公司做到了,那么任何人都能做到
And if anybody can, it follows that everybody can. 假如任何人都能做到,那就是说任何人都可以做到。
Hawken fulfilled business and industry, leading humankind away from the abyss . 给业界老大带来冲击 也有望带领人类走出深渊
fulfilled:adj.感到满足的; v.实现; (fulfill的过去式和过去分词) abyss:n.深渊;深邃,无底洞,地狱;
Because with continued unchecked decline of the biosphere, a very dear person is at risk here. 因为我们过去长期的从生物界掠夺 已经有人在遭受危险了
unchecked:adj.未经核对的;未加抑制的;
Frankly, an unacceptable risk. 并且是不可接受的危险
unacceptable:adj.不能接受(或允许、同意)的;
Who is that person? 那个人是谁？
Not you. Not I. 不是你。也不是我。
But let me introduce you to the one who is most at risk here. 让我告诉你谁受到的危险最大吧
And I myself met this person in the early days of this mountain climb. 我在攀登这一高峰的早期就遇到了这个人
early days:初期;为时尚早;前期;
On a Tuesday morning in March of 1996 那是1996年3月一个星期二的早晨
I was talking to people, as I did at every opportunity back then. 我在人群里走,那时候我经常这么做
Bringing them along and often not knowing whether I was connecting. 我会把我的想法告诉他们,那时候也不知道自己是在创建新的联系。
But about five days later back in Atlanta , 回到亚特兰大后的第五天
Atlanta:n.亚特兰大(美国城市);
I received an email from Glenn Thomas, one of my people in the California meeting. 我收到了来自Glenn Thomas的一封电邮 我在加州的一次会上见过他
He was sending me an original poem that he had composed after our Tuesday morning together. 他送给我一首诗 那是他在周二见面之后写的
original:n.原件;原作;原物;原型;adj.原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的; composed:adj.由…组成的; v.组成; (compose的过去分词和过去式)
And when I read it it was one of the most uplifting moments of my life. 我读完那首诗,顿时感觉那是我一生难得的喜悦一刻
uplifting:adj.令人振奋的;使人开心的;
Because it told me, by God, one person got it. 那首诗告诉我,有人体会到这个道理了
Here is what Glenn wrote. And here is that person, most at risk. 这就是Glenn所写的内容
Please meet "Tomorrow's Child." “他就是那个正在面临最大危险的人,请读《明日的孩子》”
'"Without a name, an unseen face, and knowing not your time or place, “没有名字、没有面孔、不知哪里出生、不知何日降临
unseen:adj.看不见的,未看见的;未经预习的;n.(事前未看过原文的)即席翻译;
Tomorrow's child, though yet unborn , 明日的孩子,虽然尚未降生
unborn:adj.未来的;未诞生的;
I met you first last Tuesday morn . 上个周二的早晨,我遇到了你
morn:n.早晨;破晓;
A wise friend introduced us two. 智者为我们引荐了对方
And through his sobering point of view 透过他那沉重的观点
sobering:adj.令人警醒的;使人冷静的;v.(使)变得持重,变得冷静;(sober的现在分词) point of view:观点;见地;立场;
I saw a day that you would see, a day for you but not for me. 我看到了你也能看到的一天,那属于你,不属于我
Knowing you has changed my thinking. 因为你改变了我的思考
For I never had an inkling that perhaps the things I do might someday, somehow threaten you. 我从没有想到 我所做的,也许有一天, 会伤害你。
inkling:n.暗示;略知;模糊概念;v.暗示(inkle的ing形式);略知;低声说出; somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地;
Tomorrow's child, my daughter, son, 明日的孩子,我的女儿,我的儿子
I'm afraid I've just begun to think of you and of your good, though always having known I should. 我这才开始想到你,以及你该享有的好生活 虽然我知道,我更早就该开始想
Begin, I will. 我会开始
The way the cost of what I squander , what is lost, if ever I forget that you will someday come and live here too." 我总是在想,我所浪费的、我所丢失的 我却忘记了 有一天,你也会降生,也会生活在这里。“
squander:vt.浪费;vi.浪费;漂泊;n.浪费;
Well, every day of my life since, "Tomorrow's Child" has spoken to me with one simple but profound message, which I presume to share with you. 那天开始,我的每一天 内心都会燃起“明日的孩子”的记忆 它带给我一个简单而又深刻的信息 我希望可以跟大家分享
profound:adj.深厚的;意义深远的;渊博的; presume:v.假定;推测;擅自;意味着;
We are, each and every one, a part of the web of life. 我们每一个人 都是生命之网的一部分
The continuum of humanity , sure. But in a larger sense, the web of life itself. 都是人类的一部分,甚而言之,也都是生命之网的一部分
continuum:n.[数]连续统;[经]连续统一体;闭联集; humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科;
And we have a choice to make during our brief brief visit to this beautiful blue and green living planet. 来到这个生机勃勃的绿色的星球上, 我们的旅程很短, 我们必须作出选择。
To hurt it or to help it. 是毁坏它,还是维护它？
For you, it's your call. 对于大家,这就是带给你们的召唤了。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）