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RajPanjabi_2017-_不该有人只因为住得离医生太远就丧命_
I want to share with you something my father taught me: no condition is permanent . 我想与大家分享的 是我父亲教我的一个道理: 没有什么状况是永恒不变的。
permanent:adj.永久的,永恒的;n.烫发;
It's a lesson he shared with me again and again , and I learned it to be true the hard way. 他一再地告诉我这个道理, 我也花费了一番功夫才学会。
again and again:adv.再三地,反复地;
Here I am in my fourth-grade class. 照片是我与小学四年级的班级,
This is my yearbook picture taken in my class in school in Monrovia, Liberia . 来自学校的毕業纪念册, 学校位在赖比瑞亚的蒙罗维亚市。
yearbook:n.年鉴;年刊;(每年出版的)校刊;学校年刊; Liberia:n.利比里亚(西非国家);
My parents migrated from India to West Africa in the 1970s, and I had the privilege of growing up there. 我父母在 70 年代 从印度移居到西非, 我有幸在那儿成长。
migrated:v.(随季节变化)迁徙;移居;迁移;移动;转移;(migrate的过去分词和过去式) privilege:n.特权;优待;v.给与…特权;特免;
I was nine years old, 我当时九岁,
I loved kicking around a soccer ball, and I was a total math and science geek . 热爱踢足球, 更是个热爱数学和科学的怪胎。
geek:n.做低级滑稽表演的人,反常的人; n.(俚)极客,即智力超群,善于钻研但不懂与人交往的怪才;
I was living the kind of life that, really, any child would dream of. 我过着所有孩子们所憧憬的生活,
But no condition is permanent. 但没有什么状况是永恒不变的。
On Christmas Eve in 1989, civil war erupted in Liberia. 1989 年的圣诞夜, 赖比瑞亚内战爆发。
Christmas Eve:圣诞夜,平安夜 civil:adj.公民的;民间的;文职的;有礼貌的;根据民法的; erupted:v.爆发;长出(erupt的过去分词);
The war started in the rural countryside, and within months, rebel armies had marched towards our hometown. 战事从偏乡引爆, 几个月内,反叛军进军我们的家乡。
rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的; rebel:n.反政府的人;叛乱者;造反者;反抗权威者;v.造反;反抗;背叛;adj.造反的;
My school shut down, and when the rebel armies captured the only international airport , people started panicking and fleeing . 我的学校关闭, 当反叛军占领唯一的国际机场时, 人们开始惊慌逃难。
captured:adj.捕获的;被俘的;v.捕获;占领;引起;(capture的过去式和过去分词) airport:n.机场;航空港; panicking:v.(使)惊慌,惊慌失措;(panic的现在分词) fleeing:v.迅速离开;逃避,逃跑;(flee的现在分词)
My mom came knocking one morning and said, "Raj, pack your things —we have to go." 某个早晨,我母亲边敲门边说: 「拉吉,快打包,我们得离开了。」
We were rushed to the center of town, and there on a tarmac , we were split into two lines. 我们赶往镇中心, 在飞机跑道上, 人们被分成两排队伍。
tarmac:n.柏油碎石路面;铺有柏油碎石的飞机跑道; split:v.分离;使分离;劈开;离开;分解;n.劈开;裂缝;adj.劈开的;
I stood with my family in one line, and we were stuffed into the cargo hatch of a rescue plane. 我和我家人置身其中一排, 然后从货舱口 挤进救援飞机里。
stuffed:adj.饱;装满的;v.填满;装满;给…装馅;(stuff的过去分词和过去式) cargo:n.(船或飞机装载的)货物; hatch:n.孵化;舱口;v.孵;策划;孵化; rescue:n.救援;抢救;营救;获救;v.抢救;营救;援救;
And there on a bench,I was sitting with my heart racing. 坐在长凳上,我的心跳加速,
As I looked out the open hatch, 我从打开的货舱口看出去,
I saw hundreds of Liberians in another line, children strapped to their backs. 看到数以百计的赖比瑞亚人在另一排队伍中, 有人背着孩子。
strapped:adj.缺钱的; v.用带子系; (strap的过去分词和过去式)
When they tried to jump in with us, 当他们试图跳上我们的飞机,
I watched soldiers restrain them. 我眼见士兵制止他们,
restrain:v.抑制;阻止;控制;约束(自己);
They were not allowed to flee. 他们不被允许逃离。
We were the lucky ones. 我们是幸运儿。
We lost what we had, but we resettled in America, and as immigrants , we benefitted from the community of supporters that rallied around us. 我们失去曾拥有的一切, 但我们重新在美国落脚。 在新社区中,许多的支持者 对我们这些移民都非常的照顾。
resettled:vi.重新定居;vt.使重新定居; immigrants:n.移民(immigrant的复数); benefitted:适合于...(benefit的过去式和过去分词);对...有利;有益于...; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; supporters:n.拥护者;(运动队的)支持者;(supporter的复数) rallied:v.召集;复原;恢复健康;振作精神;价格回升;(rally的过去分词和过去式)
They took my family into their home, they mentored me. 他们让我们一家人住进他们家, 他们教导我,
mentored:v.辅导(mentor的过去形式);
And they helped my dad start a clothing shop. 他们也协助我父亲开了一间服饰店。
I'd visit my father on weekends as a teenager to help him sell sneakers and jeans. 我青少年时,周末都会拜访父亲, 幫他卖运动鞋和牛仔裤。
sneakers:n.胶底运动鞋(sneaker的复数形式);
And every time business would get bad, he'd remind me of that mantra : no condition is permanent. 每当生意不好时, 他总会提醒我那句真言, 没有什么状况是永恒不变的。
remind:v.提醒;使想起; mantra:n.咒语(尤指四吠陀经典内作为咒文或祷告唱念的);颂歌;
That mantra and my parents' persistence and that community of supporters made it possible for me to go through college and eventually to medical school. 因为那句真言、我双亲的坚持毅力、 和社区人们的支持下, 我才得以上大学, 最终进入医学院就读。
persistence:n.持续;固执;存留;坚持不懈;毅力; eventually:adv.最后,终于;
I'd once had my hopes crushed in a war, but because of them, 我的希望曾被战争毁灭, 但因为他们,
crushed:v.压坏;压伤;挤压变形;(crush的过去分词和过去式)
I had a chance to pursue my dream to become a doctor. 我有机会去追逐成为医生的梦想,
pursue:v.继续;从事;追赶;纠缠;
My condition had changed. 我的状况改变了,
It had been 15 years since I escaped that airfield , but the memory of those two lines had not escaped my mind. 我逃离那机场已是 15 年前的事, 但那两排队伍的记忆, 仍在我脑海里挥之不去。
airfield:n.飞机场;
I was a medical student in my mid-20s, and I wanted to go back to see if I could serve the people we'd left behind. 在我 25 岁左右, 还是医学生的时候, 我想要回去, 看能否幫助被我们丢下的人们。
But when I got back, what I found was utter destruction . 但在我回去后, 只看见满目疮痍,
utter:v.说;出声;讲;adj.完全的;十足的;彻底的; destruction:n.破坏,毁灭;摧毁;
The war had left us with just 51 doctors to serve a country of four million people. 一个四百万人口的国家 在战后只剩下 51 名医生在服务,
It would be like the city of San Francisco having just 10 doctors. 这就像整个旧金山 只有 10 个医生一样。
So if you got sick in the city where those few doctors remain, you might stand a chance . 若你在城市中生病, 有少数几个医生还留在那里, 你可能还有机会看病。
stand a chance:有希望;有可能;
But if you got sick in the remote ,rural rainforest communities , where you could be days from the nearest clinic — 但若你在偏僻的雨林社区里生病, 离最近的诊所是好几天的路程──
remote:adj.偏远的;偏僻的;遥远的;久远的; rainforest:n.(热带)雨林; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) clinic:n.诊所;临床实习;(医院的)门诊部;门诊时间;
I was seeing my patients die from conditions no one should die from, all because they were getting to me too late. 我曾目睹我的病患, 死于不该命绝的病症, 只因为他们太晚才来到我这里。
patients:n.接受治疗者,病人;(patient的复数)
Imagine you have a two-year-old who wakes up one morning with a fever, and you realize she could have malaria , and you know the only way to get her the medicine she needs would be to take her to the riverbed , get in a canoe , paddle to the other side 想像你的两岁小孩 某天早上起床就发起高烧, 你惊觉她可能染上疟疾。 你知道只有一个方法 可以取得她需要的药物, 就是带着她到河边, 划着独木舟到对岸,
malaria:n.[内科]疟疾;瘴气; riverbed:n.河床; canoe:n.独木舟;轻舟;vi.乘独木舟;vt.用独木舟运; paddle:n.划桨;明轮翼;vt.拌;搅;用桨划;vi.划桨;戏水;涉水;
and then walk for up to two days through the forest just to reach the nearest clinic. 然后走上两天的路,穿过森林, 只为了到达最近的诊所。
One billion people live in the world's most remote communities, and despite the advances we've made in modern medicine and technology , our innovations are not reaching the last mile. 十亿人口住在世界最偏远的社区, 尽管现代医学与科技如此进步, 我们的创新却无法触及 那些最后一英里的人们。
despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; innovations:n.创新(innovation的复数);改革;
These communities have been left behind, because they've been thought too hard to reach and too difficult to serve. 这些社区遭到遗忘, 因为它们被认为太远、难以抵达, 且太难给以协助。
Illness is universal; access to care is not. 疾病是全球性的; 但医疗照护的资源却不是。
And realizing this lit a fire in my soul. 了解到这点,点燃了我灵魂中的火。
No one should die because they live too far from a doctor or clinic. 没有人应该因为住处 离医生、诊所太远而丧命。
No condition should be permanent. 这样的状况不应该是永恒不变的。
And help in this case didn't come from the outside, it actually came from within. 在这个案例中,他们没有外援, 得到的协助是来自社区内部。
It came from the communities themselves. 来自于这个社区本身。
Meet Musu. 她是姆索。
Way out in rural Liberia, where most girls have not had a chance to finish primary school , 在赖比瑞亚偏僻的乡下, 当地大多数女孩都没机会读完小学。
primary school:小学;
Musu had been persistent . 但姆索坚毅不拔,
persistent:adj.固执的,坚持的;持久稳固的;
At the age of 18, she completed high school,and she came back to her community. 她 18 岁读完了高中, 然后返回自己的社区,
She saw that none of the children were getting treatment for the diseases they needed treatment for — deadly diseases, like malaria and pneumonia . 眼见社区里孩子 生病时无法能得到应有的治疗── 例如像可能致命的疟疾和肺炎,
treatment:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论; diseases:n.[医]病(disease的复数);[医]疾病;[植保]病害;疾病种类; deadly:adj.致命的;非常的;死一般的;adv.非常;如死一般地; pneumonia:n.肺炎;
So she signed up to be a volunteer . 她因此自愿成为义工。
volunteer:n.志愿者;志愿兵;adj.志愿的;v.自愿;
There are millions of volunteers like Musu in rural parts around our world, and we got to thinking — community members like Musu could actually help us solve a puzzle . 全世界偏远区域 有数百万名像姆索这样的义工, 这让我们思考── 像姆索这样的社区成员 能幫我们解决难题。
volunteers:n.志愿者; v.自愿做; (volunteer的第三人称单数和复数) puzzle:n.谜;疑问;智力游戏;不解之谜;v.迷惑;使困惑;
Our health care system is structured in such a way that the work of diagnosing disease and prescribing medicines is limited to a team of nurses and doctors like me. 我们的医疗保健制度的 结构是这样的: 诊断疾病和开药的工作 只能由像我这种医师 及护士的团队来做。
health care:n.卫生保健; structured:adj.有结构的;有组织的;v.组织;构成(structure的过去分词);建造; diagnosing:n.诊断;v.诊断(diagnose的现在分词); prescribing:v.给…开(药);让…采用(疗法);开(处方);命令;(prescribe的现在分词) limited:adj.有限的; n.高级快车; v.限制; (limit的过去分词和过去式)
But nurses and doctors are concentrated in cities, so rural communities like Musu's have been left behind. 但医生和护士都集中在城市, 因此像姆索所居住的 偏乡社区就被遗忘了。
concentrated:adj.决心要做的; v.集中(注意力); (concentrate的过去式和过去分词)
So we started asking some questions: 这让我们提出几个问题:
What if we could reorganize the medical care system? 若我们能重整 医疗照护制度,会如何？
What if:如果…怎么办? reorganize:v.重新组织;改组;整顿;
What if we could have community members like Musu be a part or even be the center of our medical team? 假如能让像姆索这样的社区成员, 加入甚至成为 医疗团队中的主要角色呢？
What if Musu could help us bring health care from clinics in cities to the doorsteps of her neighbors? 若姆索能幫我们 将城市诊所提供的医疗 带到她邻居的门口呢？
clinics:n.诊所(clinic的复数形式); doorsteps:n.门阶;
Musu was 48 when I met her. 我认识姆索时,她 48 岁。
And despite her amazing talent and grit , she hadn't had a paying job in 30 years. 尽管她拥有惊人的天赋与胆量, 她 30 年来都没有领过任何薪水。
grit:v.研磨;在…上铺砂砾;咬紧牙关;摩擦作声;n.粗砂,粗砂石;勇气;决心;
So what if technology could support her? 所以如果科技能支助她呢？
What if we could invest in her with real training, equip her with real medicines, and have her have a real job? 若我们能投资让她受真正的训练, 让她带着真正的药品, 拥有一份真正的工作呢？
invest:v.投资;(把资金)投入;投入(时间、精力等);授予;
Well, in 2007, I was trying to answer these questions, and my wife and I were getting married that year. 2007 年,我试着去回答这些问题。 我和我太太在那年结婚,
We asked our relatives to forgo the wedding registry gifts and instead donate some money so we could have some start-up money to launch a nonprofit . 我们让亲友不要送新婚礼物, 而以捐款取代, 好让我们有一些基金 去成立一个非营利机构。
relatives:n.亲戚;亲属;同类事物;(relative的复数) forgo:vi.放弃; vt.放弃; registry:n.注册;登记处;挂号处;船舶的国籍; donate:v.赠送;献(血);捐献(器官); start-up:n.启动;adj.起动阶段的;开始阶段的(异体字startup); launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射; nonprofit:adj.非赢利的;不以赢利为目的的;
I promise you, I'm a lot more romantic than that. 我保证,我其实比那更浪漫很多的。
romantic:adj.浪漫的;爱情的;n.浪漫的人;耽于幻想的人;
(Laughter) （笑声）
We ended up raising $6,000, teamed up with some Liberians and Americans and launched a nonprofit called Last Mile Health. 我们最后筹到了六千元, 与一些赖比瑞亚人和美国人合作, 共同成立一个非营利组织 叫做「最后一英哩医疗」。
teamed up with:与…合作,与…协作; launched:v.发射;发起;开展;开始;(launch的过去式和过去分词)
Our goal is to bring a health worker within reach of everyone, everywhere. 我们的目标是要让每个地方每个人 都能接触得到这些医疗工作者。
within reach of:在附近;距离不远;
We designed a three-step process — train, equip and pay — to invest more deeply in volunteers like Musu to become paraprofessionals , to become community health workers. 我们设计了一个三步骤的流程── 训练、装备、付款── 更扎实地资助像姆索这样的义工, 成为协助提供医疗的专業人员,成为社区健康工作者。
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; paraprofessionals:adj.辅助专职人员[医师]的(人); (paraprofessional的复数);
First we trained Musu to prevent, diagnose and treat the top 10 diseases afflicting families in her village. 我们先训练姆索, 针对影响她村落族人的前十大疾病。
diagnose:vt.诊断;断定;vi.诊断;判断; afflicting:v.折磨;使痛苦;(afflict的现在分词)
A nurse supervisor visited her every month to coach her. 每月有护士访视并指导姆索,
supervisor:n.监督人,[管理]管理人;检查员;
We equipped her with modern medical technology, like this $1 malaria rapid test, and put it in a backpack full of medicines like this to treat infections like pneumonia, and crucially , a smartphone , to help her track and report on epidemics . 我们提供她现代医疗技术, 像这个一块钱的疟疾快速檢测, 放在装满这类配备的背包中, 来治疗像肺炎这类的感染。 重要的是, 给她一只智慧手机协助她 追纵和回报传染病。
infections:n.传染病;口腔病害(infection复数形式); crucially:adv.关键地;至关重要地; smartphone:n.智能手机; track:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪; epidemics:n.流行病;蔓延(epidemic的复数);时疫;
Last, we recognized the dignity in Musu's work. 最后,我们表彰姆索的努力,
recognized:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;(recognize的过去分词和过去式) dignity:n.尊严;高贵;
With the Liberian government, we created a contract , paid her and gave her the chance to have a real job. 和赖比瑞亚政府合作 我们立了一张合约, 来支付她薪水, 给她一个机会拥有一份真正的工作。
contract:v.收缩;感染;订约;n.合同;婚约;
And she's amazing. 她真的很棒,
Musu has learned over 30 medical skills, from screening children for malnutrition , to assessing the cause of a child's cough with a smartphone, to supporting people with HIV and providing follow-up care to patients who've lost their limbs . 姆索学习了超过 30 种医疗技能, 从筛檢营养不良儿童, 到用智慧手机来 评估孩童咳嗽的原因, 到协助爱滋病患者, 并提供后续照护给失去肢体的病人。
malnutrition:n.营养失调,营养不良; assessing:v.评估,评定(性质、质量);估算,估定;(assess的现在分词) HIV:n.艾滋病病毒; follow-up:adj.后续的;增补的;n.随访;跟进;后续行动; limbs:n.[解剖]四肢(limb的复数);
Working as part of our team, working as paraprofessionals, community health workers can help ensure that a lot of what your family doctor would do reaches the places that most family doctors could never go. 以我们团队队员的身份工作, 以协助性医疗人员的身份工作, 让社区健康工作者能确保 你家庭医生能提供的那些服务, 大部份也能被提供到 多数家庭医师不会去的地方。
ensure:vt.保证,确保;使安全; family doctor:na.家庭特约医师;
One of my favorite things to do is to care for patients with community health workers. 我最喜欢做的事情之一, 就是与这些社区健康工作者 一同照顾病人。
So last year I was visiting A.B., and like Musu, A.B. had had a chance to go to school. 所以去年我去拜访了艾毕, 艾毕和姆索一样有机会去上学。
He was in middle school ,in the eighth grade, when his parents died. 他父母过世时,他读中学, 才八年级,
middle school:n.初中;(英国为9到13岁儿童所设的)中间学校;
He became an orphan and had to drop out. 他因此成为孤儿,而必须辍学。
orphan:adj.孤儿的;无双亲的;n.孤儿;vt.使成孤儿;
Last year, we hired and trained 去年,我们雇用并训练艾毕
A.B. as a community health worker. 成为社区健康工作者。
And while he was making door to door house calls, he met this young boy named Prince, whose mother had had trouble breastfeeding him, and by the age of six months,Prince had started to waste away . 当他出诊挨家挨户拜访时, 他见到一个男孩,名叫普林斯, 他的母亲无法喂母奶。 六个月大时,普林斯开始消瘦。
breastfeeding:n.母乳哺育;v.用母乳喂养(breastfeed的现在分词); waste away:日渐衰弱;日益消瘦;
A.B. had just been taught how to use this color-coded measuring tape that wraps around the upper arm of a child to diagnose malnutrition. 艾毕才刚学会如何用 有颜色编码的檢测带, 绕着孩童的手臂来诊断营养不良。
color-coded:颜色编码; measuring tape:na.卷尺; wraps:n.外衣; v.包裹; upper:adj.上面的;内陆的;n.靴面;兴奋剂;
A.B. noticed that Prince was in the red zone, which meant he had to be hospitalized . 艾毕注意到普林斯 是落在红色区域, 意味着他必须要住院。
hospitalized:vt.住院;入院就医;(hospitalize的过去分词);
So A.B. took Prince and his mother to the river, got in a canoe and paddled for four hours to get to the hospital. 所以艾毕带着普林斯 和他的母亲到河边, 上了独木舟, 划船划了四小时到医院。
paddled:n.划桨;明轮翼;vt.拌;搅;用桨划;vi.划桨;戏水;涉水;
Later, after Prince was discharged , 之后,普林斯出院后,
discharged:v.准许(某人)离开;解雇;释放;排出;(discharge的过去分词和过去式)
A.B. taught mom how to feed baby a food supplement . 艾毕教母亲如何 喂宝宝吃营养补给品。
supplement:v.补充;增补;n.补遗;增补(物);补充(物);添加物;
A few months ago, 几个月前,
A.B. took me to visit Prince, and he's a chubby little guy. 艾毕带我去造访普林斯, 他是个圆胖的小家伙。
chubby:adj.圆胖的,丰满的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
He's meeting his milestones ,he's pulled himself up to a stand, and is even starting to say a few words. 他走到了人生的几个哩程碑,他开始让自己站立, 他甚至开始说了几个字。
milestones:n.里程碑;时间表;
I'm so inspired by these community health workers. 这些社区健康工作者非常鼓舞我,
inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式)
I often ask them why they do what they do, and when I asked A.B., he said, "Doc, since I dropped out of school, this is the first time I'm having a chance to hold a pen to write. 我常问他们为什么要做这些, 当我问艾毕时, 他说:「医生,从我辍学之后, 这是我第一次有机会拿着笔写字,
My brain is getting fresh." 我的头脑变得精力充沛。」
The stories of A.B. and Musu have taught me something fundamental about being human. 艾毕和姆索的故事教导了我关于 身为人的根本道理。
fundamental:n.基础; adj.十分重大的;
Our will to serve others can actually help us transform our own conditions. 我们愿意去服务他人的意愿, 其实能协助我们转变 我们自身的现状。
transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式;
I was so moved by how powerful the will to serve our neighbors can be a few years ago, when we faced a global catastrophe . 几年前,这样服务邻居的意愿强大到 让我好感动。 当时我们在面对全球性灾难,
global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; catastrophe:n.大灾难;大祸;惨败;
In December 2013, something happened in the rainforests across the border from us in Guinea . 2013 年 12 月, 在几内亚的雨林发生了些状况。
rainforests:n.(热带)雨林; Guinea:n.几内亚;基尼(英国旧时金币名);
A toddler named Emile fell sick with vomiting , fever and diarrhea . 一个才在学步的孩童艾米尔 感到恶心想吐、发烧、和痢疾。
toddler:n.学步的小孩;幼童装; vomiting:v.呕吐(vomit的现在分词); diarrhea:n.腹泻,痢疾;
He lived in an area where the roads were sparse and there had been massive shortages of health workers. 他所住的地方,道路很稀少, 且健康工作者严重短缺。
sparse:adj.稀疏的;稀少的; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; shortages:n.不足,缺乏(shortage的复数形式);
Emile died, and a few weeks later his sister died, and a few weeks later his mother died. 后来艾米尔死了, 几周后,他的姐妹也死了, 再几周后,他的母亲也死了。
And this disease would spread from one community to another. 而这个疾病从一个社区传到另一个,
And it wasn't until three months later that the world recognized this as Ebola . 一直到三个月后, 世界才发现那是伊波拉病毒。
Ebola:n.埃博拉病毒;
When every minute counted, we had already lost months,and by then the virus had spread like wildfire all across West Africa, and eventually to other parts of the world. 当每一分钟都是关键时, 我们却已失去了几个月的先机。 那时,病毒已经像野火 散布到整个西非, 后来也传到世界的其他区域。
wildfire:n.火灾;磷火,鬼火;散布极快的事物;
Businesses shut down, airlines started canceling routes . 商業停止,航空公司开始取消航线。
airlines:n.航空公司(airline的复数);航空业; routes:n.路线;途径;路途;渠道;v.按某路线发送;(route的第三人称单数和复数)
At the height of the crisis , when we were told that 1.4 million people could be infected ,when we were told that most of them would die, when we had nearly lost all hope, 在危机的最高峰, 我们得知有 140 万人可能受感染, 我们得知他们大多难逃一死, 我们几乎失去所有希望。
crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的; infected:adj.带菌的; v.传染; (infect的过去分词和过去式)
I remember standing with a group of health workers in the rainforest where an outbreak had just happened. 我还记得我与一群医疗工作者 站在刚暴发过病情的雨林。
outbreak:n.(战争的)爆发;(疾病的)发作;vi.爆发;
We were helping train and equip them to put on the masks, the gloves and the gowns that they needed to keep themselves safe from the virus while they were serving their patients. 我们协助训练他们, 让他们戴上面罩、 手套、手术衣等等, 他们需要这些装备, 以防止在服务他们的病人时被病毒感染。
gowns:v.给…穿宽大的长袍; n.长袍; (gown的第三人称单数和复数)
I remember the fear in their eyes. 我记得他们眼中的恐惧,
And I remember staying up at night, terrified if I'd made the right call to keep them in the field. 我记得晚上无法入睡, 因为深怕我做错决定, 让他们留在现场。
When Ebola threatened to bring humanity to its knees, 当伊波拉病毒威胁要让人类屈服,
humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科;
Liberia's community health workers didn't surrender to fear. 赖比瑞亚社区健康工作者 并没有向恐惧投降,
surrender:v.投降;(被迫)放弃,交出;n.投降;屈服;屈从;放弃,交出
They did what they had always done: they answered the call to serve their neighbors. 他们做的是他们一直在做的, 他们回应了邻居的求助。
Community members across Liberia learned the symptoms of Ebola, teamed up with nurses and doctors to go door-to-door to find the sick and get them into care. 整个赖比瑞亚的社区成员 学到了伊波拉病毒的症状, 与护士及医生合作 挨家挨户去找出病人, 让他们受到照护。
symptoms:n.症状;征候;征兆;(symptom的复数) door-to-door:v.送货上门地; adj.送货上门的;
They tracked thousands of people who had been exposed to the virus and helped break the chain of transmission . 他们追纵了数千名 曝露在病毒中的人, 协助破坏了传染链。
tracked:v.跟踪;追踪;(track的过去分词和过去式) exposed:adj.无遮蔽的; v.暴露; (expose的过去分词和过去式) transmission:n.传输;传染;播送;发射;广播;传动装置;
Some ten thousand community health workers risked their own lives to help hunt down this virus and stop it in its tracks . 数万名社区健康工作者 冒着生命危险, 协助这些防止病毒传播的工作。
hunt down:穷追直至抓获; tracks:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪;(track的第三人称单数和复数)
(Applause) （鼓掌）
Today, Ebola has come under control in West Africa, and we've learned a few things. 现今在西非,伊波拉病毒已受控制。 我们学到了几件事,
We've learned that blind spots in rural health care can lead to hot spots of disease, and that places all of us at greater risk. 我们学到偏远地区健康照护的盲点, 可能是疾病中重要的关键, 而那个关键使我们暴露在高风险下。
We've learned that the most efficient emergency system is actually an everyday system, and that system has to reach all communities, including rural communities like Emile's. 我们学到,最有效的紧急系统, 其实来自于日常的系统, 且那系统必须要能触及所有社区, 包括偏远地区社区,像艾米尔的社区。
efficient:adj.有效率的;有能力的;生效的; emergency:n.紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻;adj.紧急的;备用的;
And most of all, we've learned from the courage of Liberia's community health workers that we as people are not defined by the conditions we face, no matter how hopeless they seem. 最重要的, 赖比瑞亚社区健康工作者的勇气让我们学到, 我们身为人并不是由 我们所面对的状况所定义的, 不论那些状况看来有多无望,
defined:adj.有定义的,确定的; v.使明确;
We're defined by how we respond to them. 是我们如何应对这些状况定义了我们。
respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和;
For the past 15 years, 过去 15 年,
I've seen the power of this idea to transform everyday citizens into community health workers — into everyday heroes. 我见识到这个想法的力量, 将平日的市民转变成 社区健康工作者── 变成日常的无名英雄。
And I've seen it play out everywhere, from the forest communities of West Africa, to the rural fishing villages of Alaska. 我看到这个现象在各处上演, 从西非的森林社区, 到阿拉斯加的偏远渔村。
It's true, these community health workers aren't doing neurosurgery , but they're making it possible to bring health care within reach of everyone everywhere. 是真的。 这些社区健康工作者 并不是在做神经外科手术, 但他们让健康照护 有机会被带给任何地方的任何人。
neurosurgery:n.[外科]神经外科;
So now what? 所以现在呢？
Well, we know that there are still millions of people dying from preventable causes in rural communities around the world. 我们知道在全世界的偏远社区中, 还有数百万的人正在与 可预防的疾病做死亡搏斗,
preventable:adj.可预防的;可阻止的;可防止的;
And we know that the great majority of these deaths are happening in these 75 blue-shaded countries. 且我们知道这些死亡 绝大多数发生在 这 75 个标示蓝色的国家。
majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人:
What we also know is that if we trained an army of community health workers to learn even just 30 lifesaving skills, we could save the lives of nearly 30 million people by 2030. 我们同时知道, 如果我们能训练 一群社区健康工作者, 即使只是学习 30 项救命技能, 到 2030 年时, 也能够拯救三千万条性命。
lifesaving:adj.救命的;救生用的;n.救生;
Thirty services could save 30 million lives by 2030. 到 2030 年,30 项服务就能够 拯救近三千万条性命,
That's not just a blueprint — we're proving this can be done. 那不只是蓝图── 我们在证明它是可行的。
blueprint:vt.计划;制成蓝图;n.蓝图,设计图;计划;
In Liberia, the Liberian government is training thousands of workers like A.B. and Musu after Ebola, to bring health care to every child and family in the country. 在赖比瑞亚, 赖比瑞亚政府正在训练数以千计 像艾毕及姆索这样的工作者, 在伊波拉事件之后, 将健康照护带给该国的 每个孩童与家庭。
And we've been honored to work with them, and are now teaming up with a number of organizations that are working across other countries to try to help them do the same thing. 我们过去有榮幸能与他们共事, 现在我们在与其他国家的 几个组织合作, 试着协助他们做同样的事。
organizations:n.组织,构造,有机体(organization的复数);组织机构;
If we could help these countries scale , we could save millions of lives, and at the same time , we could create millions of jobs. 如果我们能协助这些国家成长, 我们就能拯救数百万人的性命, 同时, 我们能创造数百万个工作机会。
scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时;
We simply can't do that, though,without technology. 但,没有科技我们是做不到的。
People are worried that technology is going to steal our jobs, but when it comes to community health workers, technology has actually been vital for creating jobs. 人们在担心科技可能会 抢了我们的饭碗, 但对社区健康工作者的情况来说, 科技是创造工作机会的关键。
vital:adj.至关重要的;生死攸关的;有活力的;
Without technology —without this smartphone, without this rapid test — it would have been impossible for us to be able to employ A.B. and Musu. 若没有科技──没有这些智慧手机、 没有这种快速檢测── 我们就不可能雇用艾毕及姆索。
employ:vt.使用,采用;雇用;使忙于,使从事于;n.使用;雇用;
And I think it's time for technology to help us train, to help us train people faster and better than ever before. 我想,该是用科技来协助我们训练的时候了, 协助我们用比以前 更快更好的方式来训练人。
As a doctor, 身为医生,
I use technology to stay up-to-date and keep certified . 我用科技来跟上最新发展并保持让自己随时学习最新知识,
up-to-date:adj.最新的;最近的;现代的; certified:adj.被证明了的; v.(尤指书面)证明,证实; (certify的过去式和过去分词)
I use smartphones , I use apps, 我用智慧手机、我用 app、
smartphones:智能手机(smartphone的复数);
I use online courses. 我用线上课程。
But when A.B. wants to learn, he's got to jump back in that canoe and get to the training center. 但当艾毕想要学习时, 他得要跳上那独木舟, 前往训练中心。
And when Musu shows up for training, her instructors are stuck using flip charts and markers . 当姆索出席训练时, 她的指导员只能用 活动挂图和麦克笔。
instructors:n.教练;讲师;指导书(instructor的复数); flip:n.浏览;空翻;轻抛;捻掷;v.迅速翻动;按(开关);按(按钮);开(或关)(机器等); markers:n.(表示方位的)标记,记号;标识;表示;记号笔;(marker的复数)
Why shouldn't they have the same access to learn as I do? 为什么他们不能和我 有同样的学习资源？
If we truly want community health workers to master those lifesaving skills and even more, we've got to change this old-school model of education. 如果我们真的想要让社区健康 工作者能精通那些救命技能, 甚至做更多, 那么我们就得改变 这个老派的教育方式。
old-school:adj.古老的;古旧的;传统的;
Tech can truly be a game changer here. 在这里,科技会是这个游戏规则顛覆者。
changer:n.转换开关装置;改变者(change的名词形式);
I've been in awe of the digital education revolution that the likes of Khan Academy and edX have been leading. 可汗学院及 edX 一直在引领 数位教育革命,这让我心存敬畏。
awe:vt.使敬畏;使畏怯;n.敬畏; digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; revolution:n.革命;旋转;运行;循环; Khan:n.可汗(对最高统治者的尊称);商队客店; Academy:n.学院;研究院;学会;专科院校;
And I've been thinking that it's time; it's time for a collision between the digital education revolution and the community health revolution. 我一直在想,该是时候了, 该是让数位教育革命 与社区健康革命 互相激起花火的时候了。
collision:n.抵触;碰撞(或相撞)事故;
And so, this brings me to my TED Prize wish. 所以这就带到了 我的 TED 得奖愿望,
I wish that you would help us recruit the largest army of community health workers the world has ever known by creating the Community Health Academy, a global platform to train, connect and empower . 我希望你们能协助我们征召 世上前所未有最大的 社区健康工作者军团, 做法是创立社区健康学院, 它是个全球平台, 用来训练、连结、使人们更有能力。
recruit:n.新兵; v.吸收(新成员); (通过招募)组成; platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处; empower:vt.授权,允许;使能够;
(Applause) （鼓掌）
Thank you. 谢谢大家。
(Applause) （鼓掌）
Thank you. 谢谢大家。
Here's the idea: we'll create and curate the best in digital education resources . 想法是这样的: 我们会创造和策划 最好的数位教育资源,
curate:n.助理牧师;副牧师; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
We will bring those to community health workers around the world, including A.B. and Musu. 把这些资源带给 全世界的社区健康工作者, 包括艾毕与姆索。
They'll get video lessons on giving kids vaccines and have online courses on spotting the next outbreak, so they're not stuck using flip charts. 他们能看到如何为孩童 施打疫苗的教学课程影片, 能取得关于如何发现 下次疫情爆发的线上课程, 所以他们不会只用活动挂图。
vaccines:n.[药][计]疫苗;
We'll help these countries accredit these workers, so that they're not stuck remaining an under-recognized, undervalued group, but become a renowned , empowered profession, just like nurses and doctors. 我们会协助这些国家 来认可这些工作者, 他们才不会一直 不被承认、不被重视, 而能成为有声誉有能力的专業人士, 就像护士与医生一样。
accredit:v.把…归于;委任,委派;正式认可; undervalued:adj.贬值的; v.低估…的价值; (undervalue的过去式和过去分词) renowned:adj.著名的;闻名的;有名的;受尊敬的 empowered:v.授权;给(某人)…的权力;(empower的过去分词和过去式)
And we'll create a network of companies and entrepreneurs who've created innovations that can save lives and help them connect to workers like Musu, so she can help better serve her community. 我们会针对在拯救人命上 做创新的公司及企業创立一个网路, 协助他们连结像姆索这样的工作者, 让她能为她的社区做更好的服务。
entrepreneurs:n.企业家;(entrepreneur的复数)
And we'll work tirelessly to persuade governments to make community health workers a cornerstone of their health care plans. 我们会不屈不挠地去说服政府, 让社区健康工作者成为 其健康照护计画的基石。
tirelessly:adv.不知疲倦地;不屈不挠地; persuade:v.说服;劝说;使信服;使相信; cornerstone:n.基础;柱石;地基;
We plan to test and prototype the academy in Liberia and a few other partner countries, and then we plan to take it global, including to rural North America . 我们计画要在赖比瑞亚 测试这个学院的原型, 另外也会在几个合作国家进行, 接着我们的计画是扩展到全球, 包扩北美偏远地区。
prototype:n.原型;雏形;最初形态; North America:n.北美洲;
With the power of this platform, we believe countries can be more persuaded that a health care revolution really is possible. 有这个平台的力量, 我们相信更有可能会说服各国, 健康照护革命是真的可行的。
persuaded:v.劝说;说服;使信服;使相信;(persuade的过去式和过去分词)
My dream is that this academy will contribute to the training of hundreds of thousands of community members to help bring health care to their neighbors — the hundreds of millions of them that live in the world's most remote communities, from the forest communities of West Africa, to the fishing villages of rural Alaska; from the hilltops of Appalachia, to the mountains of Afghanistan . 我的梦想是,这个学院能够为训练 无数社区成员上有所贡献, 协助他们将健康照护 带给他们的邻居── 数千万的人, 住在世界上最偏远社区的人。 从西非森林中的社区, 到阿拉斯加偏远渔村; 从阿帕拉契山山顶, 到阿富汗的山区。
contribute to:有助于;捐献; hilltops:n.小山顶; Afghanistan:n.阿富汗(国家名称,位于亚洲);
If this vision is aligned with yours, head to communityhealthacademy.org, communityhealthacademy.org， and join this revolution. 如果这个憧憬跟你的相符,请造访 加入这场革命。
vision:n.视力;美景;幻象;想象力;v.想象;显现;梦见; aligned:adj.对齐的;均衡的;v.结盟(align的过去式);使成一直线;
Let us know if you or your organization or someone you know could help us as we try to build this academy over the next year. 如果你、你的组织、或你认识的人 能够协助我们,请让我们知道, 协助我们在明年开始打造这所学院。
Now, as I look out into this room, 我在这间演讲厅中看过去,
I realize that our journeys are not self-made; they're shaped by others. 我了解到我们的旅程 并不是靠自己独立建造的, 是由他人所塑造的。
And there have been so many here that have been part of this cause. 这里有这么多人为了 这个理想而努力,
We're so honored to be part of this community, and a community that's willing to take on a cause as audacious as this one, so I wanted to offer, as I end, a reflection . 我们很榮幸能成为 这个社群的一份子, 这个社群愿意挑战去达成一个理想, 像这个理想一样大胆无畏的理想。 所以我在最后, 我想要提出一个反思。
audacious:adj.无畏的;鲁莽的; reflection:n.反映;沉思;映像;深思;
I think a lot more about what my father taught me. 我想了很多我父亲教我的事,
These days, I too have become a dad. 这些日子,我自己也成了一个父亲,
I have two sons, and my wife and I just learned that she's pregnant with our third child. 我有两个儿子, 我和我太太刚知道 她又怀了第三个孩子。
pregnant:adj.怀孕的;富有意义的;
(Applause) （鼓掌）
Thank you. 谢谢大家。
(Applause) （鼓掌）
I was recently caring for a woman in Liberia who, like my wife,was in her third pregnancy . 最近我在赖比瑞亚照顾一个女子, 她跟我太太一样怀了第三胎。
recently:adv.最近;新近; pregnancy:n.怀孕;丰富,多产;意义深长;
But unlike my wife, had had no prenatal care with her first two babies. 但跟我太太不一样的是, 她怀前两个孩子时没得到产前照护。
prenatal:adj.产前的;胎儿期的;[医]出生以前的;
She lived in an isolated community in the forest that had gone for 100 years without any health care until ... 她居住在森林中与世隔离的社区, 这里 100 年来都没有任何健康照护, 直到……
isolated:adj.偏远的; v.隔离,孤立,脱离;
until last year when a nurse trained her neighbors to become community health workers. 直到去年一名护士训练她的邻居 成为社区健康工作者。
So here I was, seeing this patient who was in her second trimester , and I pulled out the ultrasound to check on the baby, and she started telling us stories about her first two kids, and I had the ultrasound probe on her belly , and she just stopped mid-sentence. 所以,我在那里 幫这个怀孕中期的病人看病。 我拿出超音波来檢查宝宝, 她开始告诉我们 她前两个孩子的故事, 我用超音波在她的肚子上探测时, 她停下了说到一半的句子。
trimester:n.三个月;一学期; ultrasound:n.超声;超音波; probe:n.探针;调查;vi.调查;探测;vt.探查;用探针探测; belly:n.腹部;胃;食欲;v.涨满;鼓起;
She turned to me and she said, "Doc, what's that sound?" 她转向我,说: 「医生,那是什么声音？」
It was the first time she'd ever heard her baby's heartbeat . 那是她初次听见她宝宝的心跳声, 她的眼睛亮起来,
heartbeat:n.心跳;情感;
And her eyes lit up in the same way my wife's eyes and my own eyes lit up when we heard our baby's heartbeat. 就像我太太和我在听到我们宝宝的 心跳声时眼睛也亮起来那样。
For all of human history, illness has been universal and access to care has not. 在所有的人类历史上, 疾病都是全球性的, 而照护资源却不是。
universal:adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的;
But as a wise man once told me: no condition is permanent. 但有位智者曾告诉我, 没有什么状况是永恒不变的。
It's time. 该是时候了,
It's time for us to go as far as it takes to change this condition together. 该是我们尽所能一起去 改变这个状况的时候了。
as far as:至于…;
Thank you. 谢谢大家。
(Applause) （鼓掌）