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RajJayadev_2018X-_社区驱动下的刑事司法改革_
This is my favorite protest shirt. 这是我最喜欢的抗议上衣,
protest:n.抗议;抗议书(或行动);反对;v.(公开)反对;抗议;申辩;
It says, "Protect your people." 上面写着,“保护你的人民”。
We made it in the basement of our community center. 它是在我们社区中心 的地下室里制作的。
community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
I've worn it at rallies , at protests and marches, at candlelight vigils with families who have lost loved ones to police violence . 我在所有针对警察暴力的集会, 抗议,游行 和那些失去心爱之人的 烛光守夜活动中都穿着它。
rallies:v.恢复; n.集会; (rally的复数) protests:v.抗议;反对(protest的三单形式);n.抗议(protest的复数); candlelight:n.烛光;黄昏; vigils:n.守夜;监视;不眠;警戒; violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲;
I've seen how this ethic of community organizing has been able to change arresting practices, hold individual officers accountable and allow families to feel strong and supported in the darkest moments of their lives. 我们已经看见了, 这种社区组织的热情 能够改变逮捕行为, 让各个官员全体更有责任感, 并且让家属在他们生命中 最黑暗的时刻 感受到支持与力量。
ethic:n.伦理;道德规范;adj.伦理的;道德的(等于ethical); organizing:v.组织;安排;处理;分配;管理;(organize的现在分词) individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的; accountable:adj.有责任的;有解释义务的;可解释的;
But when a family would come to our center and say, "My loved one got arrested, what can we do?" 但是当一位家属来到我们中心 问,“我爱的人被逮捕了, 我们能做什么？”
we didn't know how to translate the power of community organizing that we saw on the streets into the courts. 我们不知道如何 将我们在街头看到的社区组织力量 转移到法庭上去。
translate:v.翻译;被翻译;被译成;(使)转变;
We figured we're not lawyers, and so that's not our arena to make change. 我们意识到因为我们不是律师, 那不是我们 能去创造改变的领域。
arena:n.舞台;竞技场;
And so despite our belief in collective action, we would allow people that we cared about to go to court alone. 所以,尽管我们相信 集体行动的力量, 我们还是只能让我们在乎的人, 独自去面对法庭。
despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱; collective:adj.集体的;共同的;集合的;集体主义的;n.集团;集合体;集合名词;
Nine out of ten times -- and this is true nationally -- they couldn't afford their own attorney , and so they'd have a public defender , who is doing heroic work, but was often under-resourced and stretched bare with too many cases. 全国范围都是如此 ——十有八九 他们没法负担律师费, 所以他们只能用公设辩护人, 这些律师做着伟大的工作, 但是经常资源不足, 而且被过多的案子搞得分身乏术。
nationally:adv.全国性地;以国民立场地;举国一致地; afford:v.给予,提供;买得起; attorney:n.律师(尤指代表当事人出庭者);(业务或法律事务上的)代理人; public defender:n.(美国)公设辩护人; heroic:adj.英雄的;英勇的;记叙英雄及其事迹的;夸张的;n.史诗;英勇行为; under-resourced:资源不足的; stretched:v.拉长;撑大;有弹性(或弹力);拉紧;(stretch的过去式和过去分词) bare:adj.空的;赤裸的,无遮蔽的;v.露出,使赤裸;
They would face prosecutors aiming for high conviction rates, mandatory minimum sentences and racial bias baked into every stage of the process . 他们要面对的法官, 瞄准的目标往往是高定罪率、 强制最低刑罚, 以及在受检过程中 每个阶段里都少不了种族偏见。
prosecutors:n.检查官;告发者(prosecutor的复数); conviction:n.判罪;定罪;坚定的看法(或信念);坚信;肯定; mandatory:adj.强制的;托管的;命令的;n.受托者(等于mandatary); minimum:n.最低限度;最小值;最少量;极小量;adj.最低的;最小的;最低限度的; racial:adj.种族的;人种的; bias:adv.使有偏见;n.偏见;偏心;偏爱;v.使有偏见;使偏向;adj.斜的;[电]偏动的; baked:v.烘烤;焙;烤硬;灼热;(bake的过去分词和过去式) process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
And so, facing those odds , stripped away from the power of community, unsure how to navigate the courts, over 90 percent of people that face a criminal charge in this country will take a plea deal. 所以,面对这些干扰性因素, 社区的力量再次被夺走, 不确定要如何在法庭上辩护, 这个国家里面对 犯罪指控的人中有超过九成 会接受认罪协议。
odds:n.几率;胜算;不平等;差别; stripped:adj.剥去的;v.剥夺;脱衣;把…剪成条状;(strip的过去式和过去分词) unsure:adj.不确定的;不肯定的;没有自信的; navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空; plea:n.请求;恳求;答辩;借口;
Meaning, they'll never have their fabled day in court that we talk about in television shows and in movies. 意思是,他们永远无法在法庭上有 像我们在电视和电影里 展示的那种传奇逆袭的一天。
fabled:adj.寓言中的,虚构的;v.虚构(fable的过去分词);
And this is the untold part of the story of mass incarceration in America -- how we became the largest jailer in the world. 这也是美国大量入狱事件中 不为人知的一部分—— 这导致了我们有世界上 最庞大的监狱系统。
untold:adj.数不清的;未说过的;未透露的;无限的; mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集; incarceration:n.监禁;下狱;禁闭; jailer:n.狱卒,看守监狱的人;
Over two million people currently incarcerated in this country. 在这个国家有超过 两百万的人正在被关押。
currently:adv.当前;一般地; incarcerated:v.监禁;关押;禁闭;(incarcerate的过去式和过去分词)
And projections that say one out of three black men will see the inside of a prison cell at some point in their life on this trajectory . 而且据推测, 三个黑人中就会有一个人 将在人生的某个时刻 被送进监狱里。
projections:n.预测;设想;投影;投影图;(projection的复数) trajectory:n.[物]轨道,轨线;[航][军]弹道;
But we have a solution . 但是我们有应对措施。
solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
We decided to be irreverent to this idea that only lawyers can impact the courts. 我们决心反抗这种 只有律师才能影响法庭的观点。
irreverent:adj.不敬的,无礼的; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
And to penetrate the judicial system with the power, intellect and ingenuity of community organizing. 为了让有力量,有智慧 和聪明才智的社区组织
penetrate:v.渗透;进入;穿过;看透; judicial:adj.公正的,明断的;法庭的;审判上的; intellect:n.智力,理解力;知识分子;思维逻辑领悟力;智力高的人; ingenuity:n.心灵手巧,独创性;精巧;精巧的装置;
We call the approach " participatory defense." 我们称这种方式为 “参与式辩护”。
approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理; participatory:adj.供人分享的;吸引参与的;
It's a methodology for families and communities whose loved ones are facing charges, and how they could impact the outcome of those cases and transform the landscape of power in the courts. 这是一种为了那些 亲人正面对指控的 家属和社区提出的方法, 让他们知道要如何影响案子的结果, 并转变法庭上权力的局势。
methodology:n.方法学,方法论; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) outcome:n.结果,结局;成果; transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式; landscape:n.景观;乡村风景画;(文件的)横向打印格式;v.对…做景观美化;美化…的环境;
How it works is, families whose loved ones are facing criminal charges will come to a weekly meeting, and it's half support group , half strategic planning session . 大概的流程是这样的: 面对刑事指控者的家属 会来参加每周的会议, 它算是个半支持小组, 半策略制定会议。
support group:n.互助小组; strategic:adj.战略上的,战略的; session:n.会议;(法庭的)开庭;(议会等的)开会;学期;讲习会;
And they'll build a community out of what otherwise would be an isolating and lonely experience. 他们会形成一个团体, 这样他们就不需要独自面对。
isolating:adj.孤立的;绝缘的;v.使隔离;使绝缘(isolate的ing形式);
And they'll sit in a circle, and write the names of their loved ones on a board, who they're there to support. 他们会围坐成一个圈, 把他们来到这要支持的 心爱之人的名字写在板子上。
And collectively , the group will find out ways to tangibly and tactfully impact the outcome of that case. 然后大家一起,同心协力 找到能够切实并巧妙地 影响案件审理结果的办法。
collectively:adv.共同地,全体地; tangibly:adv.可触知地;明白地; tactfully:adv.巧妙地;机智地;
They'll review police reports to find out inconsistencies; they'll find areas that require more investigation by the defense attorney; and they'll go to court with each other, for the emotional support 他们会审查警察报告, 来找到矛盾的地方; 他们会找出需要辩护律师 深入调查的地方; 而且互相陪同对方一起去法庭, 提供情感上的支持,
emotional:adj.情绪的;易激动的;感动人的;
but also so that the judge knows that the person standing before them is part of a larger community that is invested in their well-being and success. 这也能让法官知道 在他面前的这个人, 有一个更强大的团体 在为他们的福祉和成功付出。
invested:v.投资;投入;(invest的过去分词和过去式) well-being:n.幸福;康乐;
And the results have been remarkable . 而且我们的成果是非常显著的。
remarkable:adj.卓越的;非凡的;值得注意的;
We've seen charges get dismissed , sentences significantly reduced, acquittals won at trial and, sometimes, it has been literally lifesaving . 我们已经看见过有指控被取消, 大规模的减刑, 成功无罪释放, 甚至有时候撤销死刑, 拯救了一个生命。
dismissed:v.不予考虑;摒弃;去除,消除;解雇;(dismiss的过去分词和过去式) significantly:adv.意味深长地;值得注目地; acquittals:n.赦免;无罪开释;履行;尽职;(债务等的)清偿; literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: lifesaving:adj.救命的;救生用的;n.救生;
Like in the case of Ramon Vasquez. 例如,拉蒙·瓦斯奎兹 （Ramon Vasquez）的案子,
Father of two, family man , truck driver and someone who was wrongfully charged with a gang-related murder he was totally innocent of, but was facing a life sentence . 他是两个孩子的父亲, 一个卡车司机, 他被错误指控为 一个与帮派有关的杀人凶手, 而他是完全无辜的, 但是即将面临着无期徒刑。
family man:有家室的人;忠于家庭的人; wrongfully:adv.不正当地;不妥地; gang-related:知法犯法;黑帮相关;与犯罪帮派相关; innocent:adj.无辜的;无罪的;无知的;n.天真的人;笨蛋; life sentence:n.无期徒刑;终身监禁;
Ramon's family came to those meetings shortly after his arrest and his detention , and they worked the model. 拉蒙的家人在他被逮捕和扣押后, 很快就来参加了会议, 按照我们的方法模型工作。
detention:n.拘留;延迟;挽留;
And through their hard work, they found major contradictions in the case, gaping holes in the investigation. 通过他们的努力研究, 他们发现了案子中 有一个重大的矛盾, 是调查中的漏洞,
contradictions:n.不一致,矛盾,对立;反驳;驳斥;(contradiction的复数) gaping:v.张口结舌地看;张开;裂开;豁开;(gape的现在分词)
And were able to disprove dangerous assumptions by the detectives . 可以推翻警探的危险假设。
disprove:vt.反驳,证明…是虚假的; assumptions:n.假定;假设;承担;获得;(assumption的复数) detectives:n.侦探;警探;私人侦探;(detective的复数)
Like that the red hat that they found when they raided his home somehow affiliated him to a gang lifestyle. 报告上说当警察突袭他的家时, 发现的红色帽子 指证他具备帮派的特征。
raided:v.突然搜查;偷袭;打劫;(raid的过去分词和过去式) somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地; affiliated:adj.附属的;有关连的;v.使隶属;加入;(affiliate的过去式和过去分词)
Through their photos and their records, they were able to prove that the red hat was from his son's Little League team that Ramon coached on the weekends. 然而通过亲属的照片和记录, 可以证明那个红色帽子其实是 来自于他儿子的少年棒球队的, 而拉蒙周末给那个队当教练。
Little League:n.少年棒球联盟;
And they produced independent information that proved that Ramon was on the other side of town at the time of the alleged incident, through their phone records and receipts from the stores that they attended. 而且他们找到了客观的信息, 可以证明拉蒙在凶案发生时, 正位于镇子的另一边, 证据是他们的手机记录, 和他们去过的商店发票。
independent:adj.独立的; n.无党派议员(或候选人等); on the other side:另一面;在另一边; alleged:adj.宣称的;涉嫌的;v.断言,指称,声称;(allege的过去分词和过去式) receipts:n.收据;收到;收到的款项,收入;(receipt的复数)
After seven long months of hard work from the family, 家人们努力了长达七个月,
Ramon staying strong inside jail, they were able to get the charge dismissed. 拉蒙在拘留所坚强等待, 最终他们成功使得指控被撤销。
And they brought Ramon home to live the life that he should have been living all along. 然后他们带着拉蒙回家, 重新过上了他本该拥有的生活。
And with each new case, the families identified new ways to flex the knowledge of the community to have impact on the court system. 针对每一个新案子, 家属们都找了新的办法, 来灵活使用社区知识, 最终对法院系统产生影响。
identified:v.确认;认出;找到;发现;说明身份;(identify的过去式和过去分词) flex:vt.折曲;使收缩;vi.弯曲;收缩;n.屈曲;电线;松紧带;adj.弹性工作制的;
We would go to a lot of sentencing hearings. 我们会去参加很多量刑听证会。
And when we would leave the sentencing hearing, on the walk back to the parking lot after someone's loved one just got sent to prison, the most common refrain we would hear wasn't so much, "I hate that judge," 当我们离开听证会, 走向停车场时, 我们不太会听到那些, 家属在自己的亲人被关进监狱后, 通常会说的“我恨那个法官”,
parking lot:n.停车场; refrain:vi.节制,克制;避免;制止;n.叠句,副歌;重复;
or "I wish we had a new lawyer." 或者“我希望我们能 换一个律师。”之类的话。
What they would say was, "I wish they knew him like we know him." 他们会说的是, “我希望他们能像我们那样了解他。”
And so we developed tools and vehicles for families to tell the fuller story of their loved one so they would be understood as more than just a case file. 所以我们开发了工具和方法, 让家属们能够更全面的 分享他们亲人的故事, 这样他们就能够被更好地理解, 而不只是当作一个案件档案来看待。
vehicles:n.车辆;飞行器;运行工具;(vehicles是vehicle的复数)
They started making what we call social biography packets, which is families making a compilation of photos and certificates and letters that show past challenges and hardships and accomplishments , and future prospects and opportunities. 他们开始制作我们所谓的 社会人物传记包, 也就是家属们整理的 照片,证书和书信, 用来展示过去他们 经历的艰辛和成就, 以及对未来的展望和机遇。
biography:n.传记;档案;个人简介; compilation:n.编辑; certificates:n.[管理]证书(certificate的复数); v.用证书证明(certificate的单数第三人称); hardships:n.艰难(hardship复数形式);困苦; accomplishments:n.成就;成绩;才艺;技艺;完成;(accomplishment的复数) prospects:n.可能性; v.探矿; (prospect的第三人称单数和复数)
And the social biography [packets] were working so well in the courts, that we evolved it into social biography videos. 这个人物传记包 在法庭上非常有用, 并且发展成了人物传记视频。
evolved:v.(使)逐渐形成;进化;进化形成;(evolve的过去分词和过去式)
Ten-minute mini documentaries, which were interviews of people in their homes, and at their churches and at their workplace , explaining who the person was in the backdrop of their lives. 一个十分钟的小纪录片, 里面采访了他们的家人, 教堂,工作场所里的熟人, 来说明在日常生活背景下, 他是一个怎样的人。
interviews:n.面试; v.对(某人)进行面试(或面谈); workplace:n.工作场所;车间; backdrop:n.背景;背景幕;交流声;
And it was a way for us to dissolve the walls of the court temporarily . 这是我们用来暂时打破 法院这面墙的方法。
dissolve:v.溶;使(固体)溶解;解除;终止;解散;消除;n.(电影、电视等画面的)渐隐 temporarily:adv.临时地,临时;
And through the power of video, bring the judge out of the court and into the community, so that they would be able to understand the fuller context of someone's life that they're deciding the fate of. 通过视频的力量, 把法官带出法庭,走入社区。 这样他们就可以了解 这个要被他们决定命运的 人的完整生活。
context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉;
One of the first social biography projects that came out of our camp was by Carnell. 最初来自于我们的人物传记之一 由卡内尔（Carnell) 制作。
He had come to the meetings because he had pled to a low-level drug charge. 他曾经来过我们的会议, 因为他有轻量吸毒的前科。
pled:v.辩护;恳求(plead的过去式和过去分词); low-level:adj.低水平的;低级别的;
And after years of sobriety , got arrested for this one drug possession charge. 而在多年的戒毒后, 他因现在的毒品持有罪名被逮捕。
sobriety:n.清醒,冷静;节制;严肃; possession:n.拥有;具有;属地;个人财产;
But he was facing a five-year prison sentence because of the sentencing schemes in California. 由于加州量刑方案, 他面临着五年有期徒刑。
schemes:n.方案,计划;阴谋(scheme的复数);v.计划,设计;谋划(scheme的三单形式);
We knew him primarily as a dad. 我们对他的认识 主要是他父亲的身份。
primarily:adv.首先;主要地,根本上;
He'd bring his daughters to the meetings and then play with them at the park across the street. 他会带着他的女儿们来参加会议, 跟她们在街对面的公园里一起玩。
And he said, "Look, I could do the time, but if I go in, they're going to take my girls." 他说:“看, 如果我坐牢了, 他们会带走我的女儿们。”
And so we gave him a camera and said, "Just take pictures of what's like being a father." 所以我们给了他一部照相机, 告诉他,“把你当爸爸的样子拍下来。”
And so he took pictures of making breakfast for his daughters and taking them to school, taking them to after-school programs and doing homework. 所以他拍了他为女儿们做早餐, 送她们去学校, 然后送她们去课后班做作业的照片。
after-school:放学后
And it became this photo essay that he turned in to his lawyer who used it at the sentencing hearing. 而这些照片, 在听证会时被交给了他的律师。
And that judge, who originally indicated a five-year prison sentence, understood Carnell in a whole new way. 曾经考虑要给他 五年有期徒刑的法官, 了解到了卡内尔新的一面。
originally:adv.原来;起初; indicated:v.表明;显示;象征;暗示;示意;(indicate的过去分词和过去式)
And he converted that five-year prison sentence into a six-month outpatient program, so that Carnell could be with his daughters. 然后他修改了五年有期徒刑, 改成了六个月的门诊服务项目, 这样卡内尔可以 跟他的女儿们在一起。
converted:adj.修改的;改变信仰的;v.转变;改变信仰(convert的过去式和过去分词形式); outpatient:n.门诊病人;
His girls would have a father in their life. 孩子们会继续有父亲的陪伴,
And Carnell could get the treatment that he was actually seeking . 而且卡内尔也可以 得到他需要的治疗。
treatment:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论; seeking:v.寻找;寻求;谋求;争取;(向人)请求(seek的现在分词)
We have one ceremony of sorts that we use in participatory defense. 我们在参与性辩护中, 有一个仪式。
ceremony:n.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪;客套,虚礼;
And I told you earlier that when families come to the meetings, they write the names of their loved ones on the board . 我之前说过家属们来参加会议时 会把亲人的名字写在板子上。
on the board:在董事会,将在会上讨论;在那块木板上;
Those are names that we all get to know, week in, week out, through the stories of the family, and we're rooting for and praying for and hoping for. 那些名字是我们每周 通过家属的故事 了解到的, 我们去祈求保佑, 来寄予希望的名字。
And when we win a case, when we get a sentence reduced, or a charge dropped, or we win an acquittal, that person, who's been a name on the board, comes to the meeting. 当我们赢了一个案件, 当我们得到了减刑, 或者无罪释放, 那个人,曾经出现 在板子上的名字, 也会来到这个会议。
And when their name comes up, they're given an eraser, and they walk over to the board and they erase their name. 当他们的名字出现时候, 我们会给他们一个橡皮擦, 他们会走到板子前, 擦掉自己的名字。
erase:vt.抹去;擦除;vi.被擦去,被抹掉;
And it sounds simple, but it is a spiritual experience. 这听起来很简单, 但这是个精神上的体验。
spiritual:n.圣歌(尤指美国南部黑人的);adj.精神的,心灵的;
And people are applauding , and they're crying. 人们在鼓掌,他们在哭泣。
applauding:v.鼓掌;称赞;赞许;赞赏(applaud的现在分词)
And for the families that are just starting that journey and are sitting in the back of the room, for them to know that there's a finish line, that one day, they too might be able to bring their loved one home, that they could erase the name, is profoundly inspiring . 而且对于其他家属们, 那些刚刚起步, 坐在屋子后面的人, 让他们知道有一条终点线, 终有一天,他们可以 带自己的亲人回家, 他们也可以擦掉那个名字, 这很鼓舞人心。
journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行; profoundly:adv.深刻地;深深地;极度地; inspiring:adj.鼓舞人心的;灌输的;v.鼓舞;激发;使感悟;(inspire的现在分词)
We're training organizations all over the country now in participatory defense. 我们现在在全国范围内 给一些组织做 这个参与性辩护的培训。
organizations:n.组织,构造,有机体(organization的复数);组织机构;
And we have a national network of over 20 cities. 我们的网络已经覆盖了 超过 20 个城市,
And it's a church in Pennsylvania , it's a parents' association in Tennessee , it's a youth center in Los Angeles. 包括宾夕法尼亚的教堂, 田纳西的家长协会, 洛杉矶的青年中心。
Pennsylvania:n.宾夕法尼亚州(美国州名); association:n.协会;关联;联想;交往; Tennessee:n.田纳西州(美国州名);
And the latest city that we just added to the national network to grow and deepen this practice is Philadelphia . 最近加入到这个网络 来发展这个做法的城市 是费城。
deepen:vt.使加深;使强烈;使低沉;vi.变深;变低沉; Philadelphia:n.费城(美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部港市);
They literally just started their first weekly participatory defense meeting last week. 实际上他们这周 刚刚进行了他们第一次的 参与性防御会议。
And the person that we brought from California to Philadelphia to share their testimony , to inspire them to know what's possible, was Ramon Vasquez, who went from sitting in a jail in Santa Clara County , California, to inspiring a community about what's possible through the perseverance of community across the country. 而我们从加州带到费城, 去和大家分享证词, 激励他们相信一切可能性的 是拉蒙·瓦斯奎兹, 他离开了加州圣克拉拉郡的牢房, 来鼓舞社区的人们相信 通过大家的坚持不懈 可以带来很多可能性。
testimony:n.[法]证词,证言;证据; inspire:v.激发;鼓舞;启示;产生;使生灵感; County:n.郡,县; perseverance:n.坚持不懈;不屈不挠;n.耐性;毅力;
And with all the hubs , we still use one metric that we invented. 在所有的项目中心,我们仍在 使用一个我们发明的指标,
hubs:n.枢纽;中心(hub的复数);毂; metric:adj.米制的;公制的;按公制制作的;用公制测量的;
It's called time saved. 叫做 被拯救的时间 。
It's a saying that we actually still say at weekly meetings. 我们每周例会仍在提起,
And what we say when a family comes in a meeting for the first time is: if you do nothing, the system is designed to give your loved one time served. 而且每当家属第一次来 参加会议时,我们也会提起: 如果你什么都不做, 司法系统就会夺走 你所爱人生命里的时间。
That's the language the system uses to quantify time of incarceration. 这个说法是我们的系统 用来量化监禁时间的。
quantify:vt.量化;为…定量;确定数量;vi.量化;定量;
But if you engage , if you participate , you can turn time served into time saved. 但是如果你介入并参与, 你可以把“被剥夺的时间” 变成“被拯救的时间”。
engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定; participate:v.参加;参与;
That's them home with you, living the life they should be living. 这些时间本应该是 他们在家里跟你们一起度过的。
So, Carnell, for example, would represent five years of time saved. 因此,例如卡内尔, 代表了五年的时间被拯救了。
represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送;
So when we totaled our time saved numbers from all the different participatory defense hubs, through the work in the meetings and at court and making social biography videos and packets, we had 4,218 years of time saved from incarceration. 当我们估算了所有 不同的参与性辩护案子, 通过会议上和法庭上的工作 制作人物传记视频和资料, 我们已经有 4218 年 的时间被拯救了。
totaled:v.总数达;合计;(total的过去分词和过去式)
That is parents' and children's lives. 那是家长和孩子的生命。
Young people going to college instead of prison. 年轻人应该去上大学, 而不是呆在监狱。
We're ending generational cycles of suffering. 我们结束了一代代的痛苦循环。
generational:adj.一代的;生育的;
And when you consider in my home state of California, it costs 60,000 dollars to house someone in the California prison system, that means that these families are saving their states a ton of money. 想一下我的家乡加州, 在加州监狱体系里, 要花六万美元去养活一个人, 说明这些家属为他们州 省了很大一笔钱。
I'm not a mathematician , I haven't done the numbers, but that is money and resources that could be reallocated to mental health services, to drug treatment programs, to education. 我不是数学家,没有具体数字, 但是这些钱和资源可以被 用在心理健康服务, 药物治疗计划和教育中来。
mathematician:n.数学家;善作数字计算的人; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数); reallocated:再分配;再指派;重新安排;重新分配(reallocate的过去式和过去分词); mental:adj.精神的;脑力的;疯的;n.精神病患者;
And we're now wearing this shirt in courts all across the country. 现在我们在全国的法庭中, 都会穿这件衣服。
And people are wearing this shirt because they want the immediacy of protecting their people in the courtroom . 人们穿这件衣服, 因为他们想要在法庭上 直接地保护这些人。
immediacy:n.直接;目前; courtroom:n.法庭;审判室;
But what we're telling them is, as practitioners , they're building a new field, a new movement that is going to forever change the way justice is understood in this country. 但我们也是在告诉他们, 作为实践者, 他们正在构建一个新的领域, 一场新的运动, 而这将会永远改变大家 看待这个国家司法的方式。
practitioners:n.实践者;开业者;实习者(practitioner的复数); justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判;
Thank you. 谢谢大家。
(Applause) （鼓掌）