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PierreBarreau_2018-_为您的人生量身配乐的人工智能_
About two and a half years ago, I watched this movie called "Her." 大概两年半前,我看了《她》这部电影。
And it features Samantha, a superintelligent form of AI that cannot take physical form. 电影里的“女主角”沙曼塔 是极度聪明的人工智能, 但却并不拥有实体肉身。
superintelligent:adj.有超常智慧的; physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查;
And because she can't appear in photographs, 她没办法拥有自己的照片,
Samantha decides to write a piece of music that will capture a moment of her life just like a photograph would. 所以她决定写首曲子 来捕捉她生命中的片段,正如拍照一般。
capture:v.俘虏;捕获;攻占;夺得;刻画,描述;n.(被)捕获;(被)俘获
As a musician and an engineer, and someone raised in a family of artists, 我出生于艺术世家, 现在是一名音乐家兼工程师,
I thought that this idea of musical photographs was really powerful. 我觉得音乐摄影这个想法很强大。
And I decided to create an AI composer . 所以我决定制造一款会作曲的人工智能。
composer:n.作曲家;作家,著作者;设计者;
Her name is AIVA, and she's an artificial intelligence that has learned the art of music composition by reading over 30,000 scores of history's greatest. 这款人工智能的名字就叫做“AIVA”。 通过阅读历史上最优秀的 三万多首乐谱,她学会了作曲的艺术。
artificial intelligence:n.人工智能; composition:n.成分;作文;构成;创作;
So here's what one score looks like to the algorithm in a matrix-like representation . 如果以这种矩阵似的形式来表现的话, 在我们的算法看来, 乐谱就是长这样子的。
representation:n.表现;代表;描述;陈述
And here's what 30,000 scores, written by the likes of Mozart and Beethoven , look like in a single frame . 而如果把莫扎特、贝多芬等人 写的三万首乐谱同置于一个框架之中, 看起来就是这个样子了。
Beethoven:n.贝多芬(德国作曲家); frame:n.框架; v.设计; adj.有木架的;
So, using deep neural networks, AIVA looks for patterns in the scores. 利用深层神经网络,AIVA 开始从这些乐谱中找出规律。
neural:adj.神经的;神经系统的;背的;神经中枢的;
And from a couple of bars of existing music, it actually tries to infer what notes should come next in those tracks . 从现有音乐中的几个小节, 她会推测乐曲中接下来该有什么音符。
infer:v.推断;推论;暗示;推理; tracks:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪;(track的第三人称单数和复数)
And once AIVA gets good at those predictions , it can actually build a set of mathematical rules for that style of music in order to create its own original compositions . 一旦预测变得越来越准确, AIVA 就开始为该种曲风建立起 一套数学规则, 并以此写出她自己的原创歌曲。
predictions:n.预测,预言(prediction复数形式); mathematical:adj.数学的,数学上的;精确的; original:n.原件;原作;原物;原型;adj.原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的; compositions:n.组成成分;作品辑;艺术作品(composition的复数形式);
And in a way, this is kind of how we, humans, compose music, too. 在某种程度上,这其实也是 我们人类作曲的方式。
It's a trial-and-error process , during which we may not get the right notes all the time. 这是一种反复试验的过程, 我们未必每次都找得到最合适的音符,
trial-and-error:n.试错法,反复试验法; process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
But we can correct ourselves, either with our musical ear or our musical knowledge. 但我们可以用我们的 音乐知识或耳朵来自我修正。
But for AIVA, this process is taken from years and years of learning, decades of learning as an artist, as a musician and a composer, down to a couple of hours. 这需要长时间的学习, 但 AIVA 把段漫长的学习时间, 也就是成为艺术家、音乐家、 作曲家所需的那几十年学习, 浓缩成只有几个小时。
But music is also a supersubjective art. 当然音乐也是个极为主观的艺术。
And we needed to teach AIVA how to compose the right music for the right person, because people have different preferences . 所以我们需要教导 AIVA 如何为不同的人制作不同的音乐, 毕竟每个人的喜好都有所不同。
preferences:n.偏爱;爱好;喜爱;偏爱的事物;(preference的复数)
And to do that, we show to the algorithm over 30 different category labels for each score in our database. 为此,我们为数据库里的每一首乐谱 标上了三十余种不同的类别标签, 并展示给我们的算法。
category:n.种类,分类;[数]范畴; labels:n.标签;分类(label的复数形式);v.贴标签于;把…称为(label的三单形式);
So those category labels are like mood or note density or composer style of a piece or the epoch during which it was written. 这些类别标签包括音乐的气氛、 音符的密度、曲风 或作品的年代等等。
mood:n.情绪,语气;心境;气氛; density:n.密度; epoch:n.[地质]世;新纪元;新时代;时间上的一点;
And by seeing all this data, 而通过这些数据,
AIVA can actually respond to very precise requirements. AIVA 就可以满足一些很精确的要求。
respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和; precise:adj.准确的;确切的;精确的;明确的;
Like the ones, for example, we had for a project recently , where we were commissioned to create a piece that would be reminiscent of a science-fiction film soundtrack . 比如,我们最近接了一个项目, 要创作一首会让人想起 科幻电影配乐的曲子。
recently:adv.最近;新近; commissioned:adj.受委任的;v.正式委托;任命…为军官;(commission的过去式和过去分词) reminiscent:adj.怀旧的,回忆往事的;耽于回想的;n.回忆录作者;回忆者; science-fiction film:科幻片;科学幻想片; soundtrack:n.声带;声道;声迹;电影配音;
And the piece that was created is called "Among the Stars" 于是我们就作了一首曲子, 叫《众星之中》,
and it was recorded with CMG Orchestra in Hollywood, under great conductor John Beal, and this is what they recorded, made by AIVA. 后来由指挥家约翰 · 比尔领衔的 好莱坞 CMG 管弦乐队 录制了这首曲子。 这就是他们录制好的,AIVA 的作品。
Orchestra:n.管弦乐队;乐队演奏处; conductor:n.列车长;(管弦乐队、合唱队等的)指挥;职业指挥;
(Music) （音乐）
(Music ends) （音乐结束）
What do you think? 你们觉得怎样？
(Applause) （掌声）
Thank you. 谢谢。
So, as you've seen, AI can create beautiful pieces of music, and the best part of it is that humans can actually bring them to life. 你们都看到了,人工智能 可以写出漂亮的乐章, 而最棒的是, 人类可以把这音乐演奏出来。
And it's not the first time in history that technology has augmented human creativity. 科技可以扩展人类的创造力, 这其实并不新鲜。
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; augmented:adj.增广的;增音的;扩张的;
Live music was almost always used in silent films to augment the experience. 以前的默片就经常会有现场伴奏, 好带给观众更好的观影经验。
But the problem with live music is that it didn't scale . 但现场伴奏有个问题: 它没办法适应不同场景的需要。
scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢;
It's really hard to cram a full symphony into a small theater, and it's really hard to do that for every theater in the world. 要把整个交响乐团塞进一个 小剧院里面已经很不容易, 要让全世界所有的剧院 都有交响乐团,那就更难了。
cram:v.把…塞进; n.填塞; symphony:n.交响乐;谐声,和声;
So when music recording was actually invented, it allowed content creators, like film creators, to have prerecorded and original music tailored to each and every frame of their stories. 所以当人类发明了录音, 所有的内容创作者,比如电影创作者, 便可以为他们故事里的每一个画面 量身定制原创音乐,并且预先录制好。
content:n.内容,目录;满足;容量;adj.满意的;vt.使满足; prerecorded:vt.事先录音;
And that was really an enhancer of creativity. 这无疑强化了我们的创造力。
enhancer:n.[遗]增强子;强化剂;增加者;
Two and a half years ago, when I watched this movie "Her," 两年半前,我在看《她》这部电影的时候,
I thought to myself that personalized music would be the next single biggest change in how we consume and create music. 不禁心想到,个人化的音乐 将会是我们未来创作和消费 音乐时最重大的一个改变。
personalized:v.在…上标明主人姓名; (personalize的过去分词和过去式) consume:v.消耗;吃;毁灭;烧毁;
Because nowadays, we have interactive content, like video games, that have hundreds of hours of interactive game plays, but only two hours of music, on average. 因为如今,我们有许多 互动性的内容,比如说电子游戏, 里面有上百个小时的互动式游戏内容, 平均却只配有两个小时的音乐。
interactive:adj.合作的;相互影响的;互相配合的;交互式的;n.交互式视频设备;
And it means that the music loops and loops and loops over and over again , and it's not very immersive . 也就是说,游戏的音乐 是不停地循环重播, 而且没法让人真正沉浸其中。
loops:n.[计]循环(loop复数); v.使...成环,以圈结,以环连结(loop的第三人称单数形式); over and over again:adv.一再地;反复不断地; immersive:n.沉浸式;沉浸感;增加沉浸感;
So what we're working on is to make sure that AI can compose hundreds of hours of personalized music for those use cases where human creativity doesn't scale. 我们目前正在努力让人工智能创作出 上百个小时的个性化音乐, 以填补那些人类创造力无法涵盖的领域。
And we don't just want to do that for games. 而且我们想做的绝不限于电子游戏。
Beethoven actually wrote a piece for his beloved , called "Für Elise," 贝多芬曾经给他的挚爱 写过一首《致爱丽丝》,
beloved:adj.心爱的;挚爱的;n.心爱的人;亲爱的教友;
and imagine if we could bring back Beethoven to life. 想像一下,如果我们可以让贝多芬重生,
And if he was sitting next to you, composing a music for your personality and your life story . 让他坐在你身旁,依据 你的性情和人生故事, 专门谱写一首曲子。
composing:n.组成;[印刷]排字;adj.起镇静作用的;v.组成;写作(compose的现在分词); personality:n.性格;个性;人格;魅力;气质;名人;特色; life story:n.生平事迹;
Or imagine if someone like Martin Luther King, for example, had a personalized AI composer. 或者你也可以想象一下某个人, 比如说马丁 · 路德 · 金, 如果他拥有一款个人化的、 会作曲的人工智能。
Maybe then we would remember "I had a dream" not only as a great speech , but also as a great piece of music, part of our history, and capturing Dr. King's ideals. 那《我有一个梦想》对我们而言, 除了是一次伟大的演讲, 或许也会是我们历史上一首可以体现 金博士理想的伟大音乐作品。
great speech:讲得很好; capturing:v.俘虏;捕获;攻占;夺得;(capture的现在分词)
And this is our vision at AIVA: to personalize music so that each and every one of you and every individual in the world can have access to a personalized live soundtrack, based on their story and their personality. 我们对 AIVA 的期许就是: 让她为你们在座的每一位, 甚至世界上的每一个人 量身创作音乐。 让每个人可以根据 自己的人生故事和性格特点, 找到专属于自己的现场配乐。
vision:n.视力;美景;幻象;想象力;v.想象;显现;梦见; individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的;
So this moment here together at TED is now part of our life story. 现在我们聚集在 TED 会场, 这也是我们人生经历的一部分,
So it only felt fitting that AIVA would compose music for this moment. 如果 AIVA 可以为此谱曲一首的话, 那就再适合不过了。
fitting:adj.适合的;恰当的;n.试衣;小配件,附件;v.适合,合身;试穿;(fit的现在分词)
And that's exactly what we did. 我们还真的就这么做了。
So my team and I worked on biasing AIVA on the style of the TED jingle , and on music that makes us feel a sense of awe and wonder. 我和团队让 AIVA 模拟 TED 的广告曲风, 以及那些会让我们惊叹 或心生敬畏的音乐风格。
biasing:n.偏见; v.偏; adj.斜的; v.使偏向一方; (bias的现在分词); jingle:n.叮当声; v.(使)叮当作响; awe:vt.使敬畏;使畏怯;n.敬畏;
And the result is called "The Age of Amazement ." 于是我们就有了这首《惊奇的年代》。
Amazement:n.惊异;惊愕;
Didn't take an AI to figure that one out. 当然这曲名不是人工智能想出来的。
(Laughter) （笑声）
And I couldn't be more proud to show it to you, so if you can, close your eyes and enjoy the music. 今天可以给大家带来这首曲子, 我感到非常自豪, 可以的话,请闭上双眼, 好好享受一下这音乐吧。
Thank you very much. 谢谢。
(Music) （音乐）
[The Age of Amazement Composed by AIVA] 【《惊奇的年代》 作曲:AIVA】
Composed:adj.由…组成的; v.组成; (compose的过去分词和过去式)
(Music ends) （音乐结束）
This was for all of you. 谨以此曲献给大家。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）