返回首页

PaulMacCready_2003-_用太阳能飞行_
I am known best for human-powered flight, but that was just one thing that got me going in the sort of things that I'm working in now. 我是由人力飞行器成名的, 但这只是一个开始 后来我还做了很多其他的项目。
As a youngster , I was very interested in model airplanes , ornithopters, autogyros, helicopters, gliders , power planes, indoor models, outdoor models -- everything, which I just thought was a lot of fun, and wondered why most other people didn't share my same enthusiasm with them. 年少时我对模型飞机很感兴趣, 像是扑翼飞机啦,旋翼飞机啦,直升机,滑翔机,螺旋桨机, 室内玩的室外玩的,什么都有。 我当时只是觉得好玩, 当然也好奇为什么大多数人对它们不感冒。
youngster:n.年轻人;少年; airplanes:n.(美)[航]飞机(airplane的复数); gliders:n.[航]滑翔机(glider的复数);滑行者; indoor:adj.(在)室内的;在户内进行的;在室内用的; outdoor:adj.户外的;露天的; enthusiasm:n.热心,热忱,热情;
And then, navy pilot training and, after college, 后来我接受了海军里的飞行训练,大学后,
navy:n.海军;深蓝色的;
I got into sail plane flying, power plane flying, and considered the sail planes as a sort of hobby and fun, but got tangled up with some great professor types, who convinced me and everybody else in the field, that this was a good way to get into really deep science. 我开始飞滑翔机,螺旋桨飞机, 我把飞滑翔机当成是一个兴趣, 但是也接触了一些专家, 他们说服我和业界的其他人, 滑翔机正是深入研究空气动力科学的入门之道。
tangled:adj.缠结的; v.使缠结; (tangle的过去分词和过去式) convinced:adj.坚信; v.使确信; (convince的过去分词和过去式)
While this was all going on, I was in the field of weather modification , although getting PhD in aeronautics . 当时我在做改良气候的工作, 虽然后来在航空学拿到了博士。
in the field of:在…方面,在…领域; modification:n.修改;改进;改变; aeronautics:n.航空学;飞行术;
The weather modification subject was getting started, and as a graduate student, 那时改良气候的计划刚刚起步, 我还是研究生,
I could go around to the various talks that were being given, on a hitchhiker ride to the East coast, and so on, and everybody would talk to me, but all the professionals in the field hated each other, and they wouldn't communicate. And as a result , 搭便车在东海岸到处跑, 到处听报告。 人人都乐意和我接触, 但是同行皆敌手, 他们自己之间都没有交流。结果,
hitchhiker:n.搭便车的旅行者;顺便插入的广告; professionals:n.[管理]专业人员(professional的复数); as a result:结果;
I got the absolutely unique background in that field, and started a company, which did more research in weather modification than anybody, and there are a lot of things that I just can't go into. 我反而得到了独一无二的背景知识, 还成立了一个公司,做气候改良的研究, 比谁成果都多。 但也有很多事我没时间去研究。
absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地; unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物;
But then, 1971 started AeroVironment, with no employees -- then one or two, three, and sort of fumbled along on trying to get interesting projects. 那时,1971年AeroVironment成立了,从无到有, 从小变大, 摸索着做了很多有意思的项目。
fumbled:vt.摸索;笨拙地做;漏接;vi.摸索;笨拙地行动;漏球;n.摸索;笨拙的处理;漏球;
We had AirDynanisis', who, like I, did not want to work for Aerospace companies on some big, many-year project, and so we did our small projects, and the company slowly grew. 我们招了一些空气动力学家 他们和我一样,并不想替航空航天工业做事情, 不想参与大型的,做很多年的项目, 所以我们做了一系列小项目,公司成长缓慢。
Aerospace:n.航空宇宙;[航]航空航天空间;
The thing that is exciting was, in 1976, 1976年令人兴奋的事情发生了,
I suddenly got interested in the human powered airplane because I'd made a made a loan to a friend of $100,000, or I guaranteed the money at the bank. 我突然开始对人力飞行器感兴趣。 因为我帮朋友向银行借了十万美元, 在银行做他的担保,
guaranteed:adj.必然的; v.保证;
He needed them -- he needed the money for starting a company. 因为他需要钱开公司。
The company did not succeed, and he couldn't pay the money back, and I was the guarantor of the note. So I had $100,000 debt , and I noticed that the Kramer prize for human-powered flight, which had then been around for -- 17 years at the time, was £50,000, which, at the exchange rate , was just about $100,000. 但是公司砸了,他也没钱还银行, 因为我是担保人,这十万美元的债就是我的了。 我发现给人力飞机有个Kramer奖, 这个奖项已经设立有 十七年了,积累了五万英镑, 兑换下来,正好是差不多十万美元。
guarantor:n.[金融]保证人; debt:n.债务;借款;罪过; exchange rate:汇率;兑换率;
So suddenly, I was interested in human-powered flight, 所以突然一下子人力飞行器变得可爱了。
(Laughter) （笑声）
and did not -- the way I approached it, first, thinking about ways to make the planes, was just like they'd been doing in England, and not succeeding, and I gave it up. I figured, nah, there isn't any simple, easy way, 最初我试的方法是, 试着做飞机, 就像是他们在英国试着做但是没成功的, 我也放弃了。我知道是没有捷径的。
approached:v.走近;临近;探讨;建议;(approach的过去分词和过去式)
but then got off on a vacation trip, and was studying bird flight, just for the fun of it, and you can watch a bird soaring around in circles, and measure the time, and estimate the bank angle, and immediately, figure out its speed, and the turning radius , and so on, 后来我做了个度假旅行,学了一些鸟类飞行的知识, 纯粹是感兴趣而已。 你能观察一只鸟打圈飞翔。 测量时间,估计倾斜角, 马上就能知道它的速度, 转弯半径什么的。
soaring:adj.翱翔的;高耸的;猛增的;v.高耸;高飞;猛增;(soar的现在分词形式) estimate:v.估计;估算;估价;n.估价;(对大小、数量、成本等的)估计;估计的成本; radius:n.半径,半径范围;[解剖]桡骨;辐射光线;有效航程;
which I could do in the car as we driving along on a vacation trip, 我在去度假旅行的路上,开车的时候就玩这个。
(Laughter) （笑声）
with my three sons, young sons, helping me, but ridiculing the whole thing very much. 同行的有我的三个儿子,都还年轻,帮着我, 但是他们也觉得挺滑稽的。
ridiculing:v.嘲笑;奚落;讥笑;(ridicule的现在分词)
The -- but that began thinking about how birds went around, and then how airplanes would -- how hang gliders would fly, and then other planes, and the idea of the Gossamer Condor type airplane quickly emerged , 但我开始思考鸟类是怎么飞的, 那么飞机,滑翔机又应该怎么飞呢, 别的飞机该怎么飞呢, 很快地模仿戈萨默秃鹰的飞机就设计出来了,
Gossamer:n.蛛丝;薄纱;小蜘蛛网;adj.轻飘飘的;薄弱的; Condor:n.秃鹫,秃鹰; emerged:v.(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现;暴露;露出真相;显现;(emerge的过去分词和过去式)
was so logical , one should have thought of it in the first place , but one didn't, and it was just keep the weight down. 这是多么合逻辑,我们早该想到了。 但我们没有（想到模仿鸟）。其实只要保持飞机很轻,
logical:adj.合逻辑的,合理的;逻辑学的; in the first place:首先;起初;
70lbs was all it weighed, but let the size swell up, like a hang glider, but three times the span , three times the cord , you're down to a third of the speed, a third of the power, 整个飞机是70磅,再把飞机做大,像是滑翔机翼的样子, 但是是滑翔机翼的三倍宽,三倍长, 你只需要三分之一的速度就能飞,三分之一的动力,
swell:n.海浪的涌动; v.膨胀; adj.很愉快的; span:n.持续时间; v.持续; cord:n.(结实的)粗线,细绳;灯芯绒裤子;v.用索子捆[绑,扎];堆积(柴薪)
and a good bicyclist can put out that power, and that worked, and we won the prize a year later. 一个好的自行车运动员就能踩出这样的动力。这样就成功了。 我们一年后拿了那个奖,
bicyclist:n.骑脚踏车者;
We didn't -- a lot of flying, a lot of experiments, a lot of things that didn't work, and ones that did work, and the plane kept getting a little better, a little better. 那么多的试飞,那么多的实验,那么多的努力都没成, 只有一个成了,那个飞机变得越来越完美。
Got a good pilot, Brian Allen, to operate it, and finally , succeeded but unfortunately , about $65,000 was spent on the project. 我们请了一个很好的飞行员,布莱恩 亚伦来驾驶, 最后成功了,但不幸的是, 做这个项目花了六万五千美元。
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; unfortunately:adv.不幸地;
(Laughter) （笑声）
And there was only about $30,000 to help retire the debt. 只剩了三万还债,
But fortunately, Henry Kramer, who put up the prize for -- that was a one mile flight, put up a new prize for flying the English Channel, 21 miles, and he thought it would take another 18 years for somebody to win that. 幸运的是,Henry Kramer, 那个奖的设立者, 又设了一个奖 （之前的是飞一英里的奖）, 征人飞越英吉利海峡,二十一英里宽, 他以为要等到另一个十八年后才会有人得这个奖。
We realized that, if you just cleaned up our Gossamer Condor a little bit, the power to fly would be decreased a little bit, and if you decrease the power required, a little, the pilot can fly a much longer period of time. 我们意识到,只要对我们的秃鹰号稍加改进, 飞行需要的动力就会变小一点, 如果动力需求能变小一点点, 飞行员能坚持的时间就长得多。
decreased:v.减少,减小,降低;(decrease的过去分词和过去式)
And Brian Allen was able, in a miraculous flight, to get the Gossamer Albatross across the English Channel, and we won the 200,000 -- ??100,000, $200,000 prize for that, and when all expenses were paid, the debt was handled, and everything was fine. 结果布莱恩 亚伦真的创造了奇迹, 把秃鹰号飞越了英吉利海峡, 我们又赢了二十万,十万英镑,二十万美元。 这样所有的成本都回来了,债也还清了,皆大欢喜。
miraculous:adj.不可思议的,奇迹的; Albatross:n.[鸟]信天翁;沉重负担; expenses:n.费用;价钱;开销;开支;花费;(expense的复数)
It turned out that giving the planes to the museum was worth much more than the debt, so for five years, six years, I only had to pay one third income tax . 后来我发现原来把飞机捐给博物馆, 不光能还债还有余。 因为接下来的五六年里,我都只用交三分之一的所得税。
income tax:所得税;
So there were good economic reasons for the project, but -- 所以这个项目非常值。
economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
That's not -- well, the project was done entirely for economic reasons, and we have not been involved in any human-powered flight since then 当然了,做这个计划是奔钱去的, 我们之后再也没有做过和人力飞行器相关的东西。
involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词)
(Laughter) （笑声）
because the prizes are all over, 没奖金了么。
(Laughter) （笑声）
but that sure started me thinking about various things, and immediately, we began making a solar-powered plane because we felt solar power was going to be so important for the country and the world, 但这个计划也启发了我, 马上我们就开始做太阳能飞机。 因为我们意识到对整个国家,整个世界, 太阳能会变得很重要。
solar-powered:adj.太阳能的;
we didn't want the small funding in the government to be decreased, which is what the government was trying to do with it, and we thought a solar-powered plane wouldn't, really, make sense , 我们不希望政府进一步缩减本来稀薄的基金, 这样的情况正在发生, 我们认为太阳能飞机其实不是真有用,
funding:n.基金;资金;提供资金;v.为…提供资金;拨款给;(fund的现在分词) make sense:有意义;讲得通;言之有理;
but you could do it, and it would get a lot of publicity for solar power and maybe help the field. 但是如果我们做成了,公众对太阳能会有更高的认同, 我们就能帮助这个领域（发展下去）。
publicity:n.宣传,宣扬;公开;广告;注意;
And that project continued, did succeed, and we then got into other projects in aviation and mechanical things and ground devices . 这个计划进行了下去,也成功了。 我们接下来又在航空学方面做了其他的课题, 机械方面的,地面设施等等。
aviation:n.航空;飞行术;飞机制造业; mechanical:adj.机械的;力学的;呆板的;无意识的;手工操作的; devices:n.[机][计]设备;[机]装置;[电子]器件(device的复数);
But while this was going on, in 1982, I got a prize from the Lindbergh Foundation -- their annual prize -- and I had to prepare a paper on it, which collected all my varied thoughts, and varied interests over the years. 在进行这些研究时, 1982年,我得了一个林伯赫奖—— 是个每年都有的奖—— 我得准备一篇演讲, 包括多年来 所有我的千奇百怪的点子和我的兴趣所在。
Foundation:n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立; annual:n.年报;年鉴;年刊;adj.每年的;年度的;一年的; varied:adj.多变的;各式各样的;杂色的;v.改变;使多样化;(vary的过去式和过去分词)
This was the one chance that I had to focus on what I, really, was after, and what was important. And to my surprise, 这是头一次我仔细想清楚我在追求什么, 什么对我是重要的。令我惊讶的是,
I realized the importance of environmental issues , which Charles Lindbergh devoted the last third of his life to, and preparing that paper did me a lot of good. 我发现环境问题是非常重要的。 查理 林伯赫 后半生都在致力于环境事业。 准备这篇演讲对我很有帮助。
issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数) devoted:adj.专心致志; v.献身; (devote的过去分词和过去式)
I thought back about if I was a space traveler, and came and visited Earth every 5,000 years, and for a few thousand visits, I would see the same thing every time, the little differences in the Earth. 我想象如果我是星际旅行家, 每五千年来地球旅行一次, 头几千次的访问,我看到的是同样的东西, 地球没有什么变化。
But this last time, just coming round, right now, suddenly, there'd be huge changes in the environment, in the concentration of people, and it was just unbelievable , the amount of -- all the change in it. 但是这最后一次访问,如果是现在, 突然间环境改变了很多, 到处都是人, 这简直是不可思议,多少事情变化了。
concentration:n.浓度;含量;集中;专心; unbelievable:adj.(非正式)难以置信的;不可信的
I wanted to -- well, one of the biggest changes is, 200 years ago, we began using coal from underground, which has a lot of pollution, and 100 years ago, began getting gasoline from underground, 我想,最大的变化之一是两百年前, 我们开始掘煤燃煤,导致了很多污染, 另外一百年前,我们开始开采石油,
gasoline:n.汽油;
with a lot of pollution, and gasoline consumption -- or production, will reach its limit in about ten years, and then go down, and we wonder what's going to happen with transportation . 也导致了很多污染,石油开采,或者说石油生产, 将在十年之后达到顶峰,之后只能走下坡, 我不知道将来我们要怎么交通。
consumption:n.消费;消耗;肺痨; transportation:n.运输;运输系统;运输工具;流放;
I wanted to show the slide -- this slide, I think, is the most important one any of you will see, ever, because 我想放一个幻灯片—— 这张,是最最重要的一张幻灯,是你们有生以来最重要的。
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) （掌声）
it shows nature versus humans, and goes from 1850 to 2050, and so, the year 2000, you see there, and this is the weight of all air and land vertebrates . 因为这张幻灯展示了自然和人类的关系,从1850年到2050年。 在2000年,你能看到, 这是有多少空中和陆地上的脊椎动物。
versus:prep.对;与...相对;对抗; vertebrates:n.[脊椎]脊椎动物(vertebrate的复数);
Humans and muskrats , and giraffes, and birds and so on, are -- the red line goes up, that's the humans, and livestock , and pets portion . 人类,麝鼠,长颈鹿,鸟类,等等—— 红线持续上升,这是人类,牲畜和家养动物。
muskrats:n.麝鼠;麝鼠毛皮; livestock:n.家畜;牲畜; portion:n.部分;(食物的)一份;分担的责任;v.把…分成若干份(或部分);
The green line goes down, that's the wild nature portion. 绿线持续下降,这是野生动物。
Humans, livestock and pets are, now, 98% of the total world's mass of vertebrates on land and air, and you don't know what the future will hold, but it's not going to get a lower percentage . 人类,牲畜和宠物现在占了全世界空中和陆地上的 脊椎动物的百分之九十八, 未来还不知道会怎么样, 但是这个百分比是不会下降的。
mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集; percentage:n.百分比;百分率;利润的分成;提成;
10,000 years ago, the humans, and livestock, and pets were not even one tenth of 1% and wouldn't even have been visible on such a curve , now they are 98%, and it is -- I think, shows human domination of the Earth. 一万年前,人类,牲畜和宠物, 还不到百分之零点一, 在这张图上根本看不见。 现在已经是百分之九十八了,这一现象,我认为,说明了人类主宰了地球。
visible:adj.明显的;看得见的;现有的;可得到的;n.可见物;进出口贸易中的有形项目; curve:n.曲线;弯曲;曲面;弧线;v.(使)沿曲线移动;呈曲线形; domination:n.控制;支配;
I give a talk to some remarkable high school students each summer, and ask them, after they've asked me questions, and I give them a talk and so on. Then I ask them questions. 每年夏天我都会给一些天才高中生演讲, 我会给他们出题,在他们问了我问题, 我讲了课之后,我会给他们出道题:
remarkable:adj.卓越的;非凡的;值得注意的;
What's the population of the Earth? 世界上有多少人口?
What's the population of the Earth going to be when you're the age of your parents? 当你到了你父母现在的年纪, 世界上又会有多少人？
Which I'd never, really -- they had never, really, thought about but, now, they think about it. 这是我从来没有——他们也从没想过的问题。 但是现在他们得好好想想。
And then, what population of the Earth would be an equilibrium that could continue on, and be for 2050, 2100, 2150? 接下来,什么时候世界人口会到达平衡, 持续不变,一直到2050年,2100年,或是2150年？
equilibrium:n.均衡;平静;保持平衡的能力;
And they form little groups, all fighting with each other, and when I leave, two hours later, most of them are saying about 2 billion people, and they don't have any clue about how to get down to 2 billion, nor do I, but I think they're right and this is a serious problem. 他们分成小组,互相辩论, 我两小时后回来, 大多数人认为二十亿人口（是平衡点）。 但是他们不知道怎么控制人口在二十亿。 我也不知道。但是他们是对的,这是个严重问题。
clue:n.提示;迹象;(纵横填字谜、游戏或问题的)提示词语;v.提示;为…提供线索; get down to:开始认真考虑;着手处理;
Rachel Carson was thinking of these, and came out with Silent Spring, way back. 瑞秋 卡森很久前就考虑过这个问题,写了“寂静的春天”一书。
Solar Manifesto by Hermann Scheer, in Germany, claims all energy on Earth can be derived , for every country, from solar energy and water, and so on, you don't need to dig down for these chemicals , and we can do things much more efficiently . 德国赫曼 施齐尔的“太阳的宣言”一书 宣称全世界所有国家需要的能源, 都能从太阳能和水能等等能源中获得。 你不需要开采别的化学物质, 我们还能更有效率的得到能源。
Manifesto:n.宣言;声明;告示; claims:v.宣称; n.声明; (claim的第三人称单数和复数) derived:adj.导出的;衍生的,派生的;v.得到;推断(derive的过去分词);由…而来; chemicals:n.化学制品;化学品;(chemical的复数) efficiently:adv.有效地;效率高地(efficient的副词形式);
Let's have the next slide. 让我们看看下一张幻灯。
So this just summarizes it, "Over billions of years, on a unique sphere , chance has painted a thin covering of life, complex and probable , wonderful and fragile . 这张是个总结:“亿万年来, 机遇在这个独一无二的星球上,薄薄地涂了一层生命, 复杂而充满机遇,伟大而精巧易碎。
summarizes:v.概述;简而说明;摘要而言(summarize的第三人称单数); sphere:n.球;领域;球体;球形;v.使成球形;包围;把…放在球内;使处于天体之间; complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; probable:adj.很可能的;可信的;n.很可能的事;大有希望的候选者; fragile:adj.脆的;易碎的;
Suddenly, we humans, a recently arrived species , no longer subject to the checks and balances inherent in nature, have grown in population, technology and intelligence to a position of terrible power. We, now, wield the paintbrush ." 突然间,我们人类,刚刚降临, 不愿臣服于自然的控制和平衡之下, 疯狂扩张着人口,科技和智慧, 拥有了可怕的权力。我们,现在,执掌了画笔。”
recently:adv.最近;新近; species:n.[生物]物种;种类; checks and balances:n.制约与平衡(为保持机构或政体内的公正并防止权力集中于小团体); inherent:adj.固有的;内在的;与生俱来的,遗传的; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; intelligence:n.智力;智慧;才智;(尤指关于敌国的)情报; wield:v.拥有,运用,行使,支配(权力等); paintbrush:n.画笔;漆刷;
We're in charge. It's frightening . 我们掌权了,多么可怕。
frightening:adj.可怕的;骇人的;引起恐惧的;v.使惊吓;使惊恐(frighten的现在分词)
And I do a painting every 20 or 25 years. This is the last one, 每二十年二十五年我都试着画画,这是最近的一张。
(Laughter) （笑声）
and shows the Earth in, sort of, a time flag, on the right in trilobites , and dinosaurs and so on, and over the triangle , we now get to civilization , and TV, and traffic jams and so on. 这个是地球,右边展示了不同的时期, 有三叶虫,恐龙什么的, 三角形上,开始有人类社会,有电视 有交通堵塞等等。
trilobites:n.[古生]三叶虫; triangle:n.三角形;三角形物体;三角铁(打击乐器);三角关系; civilization:n.文明;文明社会;文明世界;(特定时期和地区的)社会文明;
I have no idea of what comes next, so I just used robotic and natural cockroaches as the future, as, sort of, a little warning, and two weeks after this drawing was done, 我不知道接下来会是什么, 所以我用了机器蟑螂和自然界的蟑螂,来表示未来, 就当时敲一个警钟。 这幅画完成两周后,
I have no idea:我没有头绪…; robotic:adj.机器人的,像机器人的;自动的;n.机器人学; cockroaches:n.[昆]蟑螂(cockroach的复数);
we, actually, had our first project, contract , at AeroVironment, on robotic cockroaches, which was very frightening to me. 我们公司,接到了第一个项目,第一个合同, 是需要机器蟑螂的,把我吓了一跳。
contract:v.收缩;感染;订约;n.合同;婚约;
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Paper rustling) （纸张沙沙声）
Well, that'll be all the slides we -- 好的,这是我们今天所有的幻灯——
As time went on, we stopped our environmental programs, we focused, more, on the really serious energy problems of the future, and we produced products for the company, 时间流逝,我们不再做环境保护的课题了, 我们开始更多聚焦在真正严重的问题上, 未来的能源问题。我们为一些公司做产品,
and we developed the impact car that General Motors made, the EV1, out of -- and got the Air Resources Board to have the regulations that stimulated the electric cars, but they've since come apart, and we've done a lot of things, small drone airplanes and so on. 还给通用公司研发了电瓶车。 叫做EV1, 我们还促使空气资源委员会制定了规则 促使电瓶车的应用,可惜它们没能持久。 我们做了很多项目,小型无人驾驶飞机等等。
impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响; Resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数); regulations:n.章程;规则;法规;管理,控制;(regulation的复数) stimulated:adj.受激的;v.刺激(stimulate的过去式和过去分词); electric:n.供电;adj.电的;用电的;电动的;发电的; drone:n.嗡嗡声;持续低音;寄生虫;无人驾驶飞机;v.懒洋洋地说;嗡嗡响
I have a Helios -- we have the first video -- 我有一个“太阳神号”——我们这里有录像——
Helios:n.赫利俄斯(太阳神);
Narrator : With a wing span of 247 feet, this makes her larger than a Boeing 747. 解说员:装备了247英尺宽的翅膀,这飞机比波音747还大。
Narrator:n.讲述者;(电视节目中的)幕后解说员;旁白员;
(Music) （音乐）
Her designers' attention to detail and her construction , gives Helios' structure the flexibility and strength to deal with the turbulence encountered in the atmosphere . 它的设计师对细节和设计的注重, 使太阳神号的结构具有足够的柔韧性和强度, 来应付大气中的涡流。
construction:n.建设;建筑物;解释;造句; structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造; flexibility:n.灵活性;弹性;适应性; turbulence:n.骚乱,动荡;[流]湍流;狂暴; encountered:v.遭遇,遇到;偶然碰到;意外地遇见;(encounter的过去分词和过去式) atmosphere:n.大气;气氛;气压;风格;
This enables her to easily ride through the air currents as if she's sliding along on the ocean waves. 这使得它很轻松地在气流中飞翔, 就像它在浪尖上滑行一样。
enables:v.使得; (enable的第三人称单数)
Paul Macready: The wings could touch together on top and not break, we think. 保罗 麦克柯罗迪:这对翅膀能在上方碰到一起也不会折断,至少我们相信。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Narrator: And Helios now begins the process of turning her back to the sun, to maximize the power from her solar array . 解说员:太阳神号现在开始把反面转向太阳, 以便从太阳能板获得最大限度的能源。
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; maximize:vt.取…最大值;对…极为重视;vi.尽可能广义地解释;达到最大值; array:n.数组,阵列;排列,列阵;大批,一系列;衣服;v.排列,部署;打扮;
(Music) （音乐）
As the sky gets darker, and the outside air temperatures drop below minus 100 degrees Fahrenheit , the most environmentally hostile segment of Helios's journey has gone by without notice, 当天空变暗,气温降低到 零下100度华氏之下, 太阳神号顺利通过 了这段最具恶劣环境挑战的旅程
minus:prep.减,减去;n.负号,减号;不足;负数;adj.减的;负的; Fahrenheit:adj.华氏的;华氏温度计的;n.华氏温度计;华氏温标; environmentally:adv.有关环境方面; hostile:adj.敌意的; n.敌对分子; segment:n.段;部分;片;弓形;v.分割;划分; journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行;
except for being recorded by specially designed data acquisition systems, and their associated sensors . 除了使用特别设计的数据采集系统来记录, 加上特别设计的感应器。
acquisition:n.获得物,获得; associated:adj.有关联的; v.联想; (associate的过去分词和过去式) sensors:n.[自]传感器,感应器;感测器(sensor的复数);
Approaching a peak radar altitude of 96,863 feet, at 4:12 pm, Helios is standing on top of 98% of the Earth's atmosphere. 它能临近96863英尺,即高雷达能达到的最高海拔, 下午四点十二分,太阳神号已经在地球大气层的百分之九十八的高度了。
Approaching:v.靠近,接近;接洽;建议;要求;(approach的现在分词) peak:n.高峰; v.达到高峰; adj.最高度的; radar:n.雷达; altitude:n.海拔;海拔高度;高程;(海拔高的)高处;
This is more than 10,000 feet higher than the previous world's altitude record held by the SR-71 Blackbird . 这比前世界纪录,SR-71黑鸟号达到的最高海拔, 还高了10000英尺。
previous:adj.以前的;早先的;过早的;adv.在先;在…以前; Blackbird:n.画眉;燕八哥;山鸟类;(欧洲的)乌鸫;
(Applause) （掌声）
PM: That plane has many purposes, but it's aimed for communications, and it can fly so slowly that it'll just stay up at 65,000 feet, eventually it will be able to have to stay up day, night, day, night, 保罗 麦克柯罗迪:这个飞机有很多用途,我们做它是为了通讯, 它能飞得很慢,还能停留在65000英尺的高空, 最终我们能够让它日复一日地停在高空,
eventually:adv.最后,终于;
for six months at a time, acting like the synchronous satellite, but only ten miles above the Earth. 长达六个月,就像同步卫星一样, 但是只与地球保持十英里的高度。
synchronous:adj.同步的;同时的;
Let's have the next video, this shows the other end of the spectrum . 让我们看下一段录像,展示了另一个极端。
spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象;
Narrator: A tiny airplane, the AV Pointer , serves for surveillance , in effect, a pair of roving eyeglasses , a cutting edge example of where miniaturization can lead if the operator is remote from the vehicle . 解说员:小小的一架飞机,AV指针,作为监视器, 事实上,是一副巡逻眼镜, 让人可以从车里控制它, 用这种小型化飞行器去了解前方情况。
Pointer:n.指针;指示器;教鞭;暗示; surveillance:n.监督;监视; roving:n.粗纱;adj.流动的;徘徊的; eyeglasses:n.眼镜(等于glasses); cutting edge:n.(刀片的)刃口;尖端;前沿;adj.先进的,尖端的; miniaturization:n.小型化,微型化; operator:n.算子;接线员;操作人员;骗子; remote:adj.偏远的;偏僻的;遥远的;久远的; vehicle:n.[车辆]车辆;工具;交通工具;运载工具;传播媒介;媒介物;
It is convenient to carry, assemble , and launch by hand. 它方便携带,简单易装,容易使用。
convenient:adj.实用的;便利的;方便的; assemble:vt.集合,聚集;装配;收集;vi.集合,聚集; launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射;
Battery powered, it is silent and rarely noticed. 它是电池驱动的,零噪音,不起眼。
Battery:n.[电]电池,蓄电池;n.[法]殴打;n.[军]炮台,炮位; rarely:adv.很少地;难得;罕有地;
It sends high-resolution video pictures back to the operator. 它能把高清电影或者照片发送回操纵器,
high-resolution:n.高分辨率;
With on-board GPS, it can navigate autonomously , and it is rugged enough to self land without damage. 加上一个GPS,它能自动导航, 它也很结实,能够自己降落也不会坏。
on-board:adj.在船上的;在车上的;在飞机上的; navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空; autonomously:adv.自治地;独立自主地; rugged:adj.崎岖的;坚固的;高低不平的;粗糙的;
PM: Okay, and let's have the next -- 保罗 麦克柯罗迪:好的,现在看下一个——
(Applause) （掌声）
That plane is widely used by the military , now, in all their operations. 那个飞机现在已经在军队里广泛使用了,用在军事行动中。
military:adj.军事的;军人的;适于战争的;n.军队;军人;
Let's have the next video. 让我们看下一段影片。
(Music) （音乐）
Alan Alda: He's got it, he's got it, he's got it on his head. 爱兰 艾达:他拿到了,他拿到了,就在他头顶上。
(Music) （音乐）
We're going to end our visit with Paul MacCready's flying circus by meeting his son, Tyler, who, with his two brothers, helped build the Gossamer Condor 25 years ago. 我们的访问最后要采访泰勒, 保罗 麦克柯罗迪的飞行马戏主人 的儿子,他和他的两个兄弟 在二十五年前参与制造了戈萨默秃鹰。
circus:n.马戏;马戏团;
Tyler Macready: You can chase it, like this, for hours. 泰勒 麦克柯罗迪:你能追着这个飞机好几个小时。
AA: When they got bored with their father's project, they invented an extraordinary plane of their own. 爱兰 艾达:当他们做他们父亲的项目烦了, 他们就发明自己的特殊飞行器。
bored:adj.无聊的;厌倦的;烦闷的;v.使厌烦;钻,凿,挖;(bore的过去分词和过去式) extraordinary:adj.非凡的;特别的;离奇的;临时的;特派的;
TM: And I can control it by putting the lift on one side of the wing, or on the other. 泰勒 麦克柯罗迪:我能控制它,给一点上升气流这里那里的。
AA: They called it their Walk-Along Glider. 爱兰 艾达:他们叫这个他们的跟屁虫滑翔器。
(Music) （音乐）
I've never seen anything like that. 我从没见过这样的东西。
How old were you when you invented that? 你发明这个的时候多大？
TM: Oh, 10, 11 -- (AA: Oh my God.) 泰勒 麦克柯罗迪:十岁十一岁——（爱兰 艾达:天哪。）
TM: 12, something like that. (AA: That's amazing.) 泰勒 麦克柯罗迪:十二岁吧,差不多那么大。（爱兰 艾达:真酷毙了。）
PM: And Tyler's here to show you the Walk-Along. 保罗 麦克柯罗迪:今天泰勒也来了,向大家展示跟屁虫。
(Applause) （掌声）
TM: All right. You all got a couple of these in your gift bags, and one of the first things -- the production version seemed to dive a little bit, and so I would just suggest you bend the wing tips up a little bit before you try flying it. 泰勒 麦克柯罗迪:好吧,你们的礼物袋都有几个, 首先—— 这批产品飞起来有点容易下沉 所以我建议你们在飞之前 把它的翅膀向上稍稍扳一点,
dive:n.潜水;跳水;俯冲;猛冲;v.猛冲;(头朝下)跳入水中;[体]跳水(运动); tips:n.尖端; v.(使)倾斜,翻覆; (tip的第三人称单数和复数)
I'll give you a demonstration of how it works, the idea is that it soars on the lift over your body, like a seagull soaring on a cliff . 让我展示一下这个是怎么飞的, 它是靠你身体的气流飞,就像海鸥在悬崖上飞一样。
demonstration:n.示范;演示;论证;证明; soars:v.上升;高耸(soar的第三人称单数);n.翱翔;猛增的程度(soar的复数); cliff:n.悬崖;绝壁;
As the wind comes up it has to go over the cliff so, as you walk through the air, it goes around your body, some has to go over you. 风向上它也向上,所以 当你走路时,穿过空气,气流在你身体边流动,有些会到你上方去。
to go over:复习;
And so you just keep the glider positioned in that up current. 你只需要确保它停在气流的上方。
The launch is the difficult part, you've got to hold it high up, over your head, and you start walking forward, and just let go of it, and you can control it like that. 起飞是最难的,你必须把它举过头顶, 然后开始向前走,放开手,你就能控制它了。
(Laughter) (笑声)
And then also, like it said in the video, you can turn it left or right just by putting the lift under one wing or another, so I can do it -- oops, that was going to be a right turn. 接下来,就像影片里说的, 你能让它左转右转, 只要在一个翅膀加一点上升力就好了, 所以我可以这样——噢,这样就是右转了。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Okay, this one will be a left turn. 好了,这个是左转
Here, but... 这里,噢
(Applause) （掌声）
anyway -- 就这样——
(Applause) （掌声）
And that's it, so you can just control it, wherever you want, and it's just hours of fun, and these are no longer in production, so you have real collector's items . 这样就行了。所以你能控制它,去哪里都行, 几个小时都很好玩,这个已经断货了。 所以你现在有真正的绝版了。
items:n.项目;一件商品(或物品);一则,一条(新闻)(item的复数)
(Laughter) （笑声）
And this, we just wanted to show you a -- if we can get the video running on this, yeah, just an example of video -- a little video surveillance. 这里,我们还想给你看这个—— 如果我们在上面装个摄像头,对了, 只是一个摄像头——一个摄影监视器。
(Laughter) （笑声）
This was flying around in the party last night, and -- 这个在昨晚的舞会上飞过,于是——
(Laughter) （笑声）
and you can see how it, just, can fly around, and you can spy on anybody you want. 你能看到它只是到处飞, 你能偷看谁都行。
(Laughter) （笑声）
And that's it. I was going to bring an airplane, but I was worried about hitting people in here, so I thought this would be a little bit more gentle. 就是这样,我想带一个真飞机来的, 但是我不想撞上谁, 所以我选了这个,温柔点的。
And that's it, yeah, just a few inventions. 这只是,嗯,几个小发明。
(Applause) (掌声)
All right. 好了.