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PatrickChappatte_2010G-_漫画的力量_
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| So yeah, I'm a newspaper cartoonist -- political cartoonist. |
对,我是一位报纸漫画家—— 政治漫画家 |
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cartoonist:n.漫画家;
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| I don't know if you've heard about it -- newspapers? |
我不知道你们是否听说过——报纸？ |
| It's a sort of paper-based reader. |
它是一种以纸为媒介的读物 |
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paper-based:纸基的;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| It's lighter than an iPad, it's a bit cheaper. |
它比iPod轻巧 便宜一点 |
| You know what they say? |
你知道人们怎么说吗？ |
| They say the print media is dying -- who says that? Well, the media. |
他们说印刷媒体正在消亡 谁说的？嗯,媒体自己说的 |
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media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉;
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| But this is no news, right? |
但这不是什么新闻了,是吗？ |
| You've read about it already. |
你们已经早有所闻了 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| Ladies and gentlemen, the world has gotten smaller. |
女士们,先生们 世界已变得越来越小 |
| I know it's a cliche , but look, look how small, how tiny it has gotten. |
我知道这是陈词滥调,但瞧！ 瞧它有多小 有多微不足道 |
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cliche:n.陈词滥调;[印刷]铅版;陈腐思想;adj.陈腐的;
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| And you know the reason why, of course. |
当然,你们知道原因何在 |
| This is because of technology -- yeah. |
罪魁祸首是科学技术,是的 |
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technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| Any computer designers in the room? |
在这个房间里有电脑设计师吗？ |
| Yeah well, you guys are making my life miserable because track pads used to be round, a nice round shape. |
好吧 你们这些家伙使我的生活变得不幸 因为触控板一直都是圆的 完美的圆形 |
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miserable:adj.悲惨的;痛苦的;卑鄙的; track:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪; pads:n.软垫,护垫; v.填充,覆盖,保护; (pad的第三人称单数和复数)
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| That makes a good cartoon. |
这能打造一幅好漫画 |
| But what are you going to do with a flat track pad, those square things? |
但是你们打算怎么对付一块平的触控板 那些方方正正的东西？ |
| There's nothing I can do as a cartoonist. |
作为一个漫画家我无计可施 |
| Well, I know the world is flat now. |
好,我知道世界现在是平的了 |
| That's true. |
那千真万确 |
| And the Internet has reached every corner of the world, the poorest, the remotest places. |
因特网已经进入 世界的每个角落 甚至是最贫穷,最偏远的地区 |
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remotest:adj.偏远的; (remote的最高级)
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| Every village in Africa now has a cyber cafe. |
现在非洲的每一个村庄都有公共网吧 |
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cyber:adj.网络的,计算机的;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| Don't go asking for a Frappuccino there. |
别去那儿点杯星冰乐 |
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Frappuccino:n.星冰乐;星巴克产品;
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| So we are bridging the digital divide. |
所以我们正架起连接信息鸿沟的桥梁 |
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digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键;
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| The Third World is connected, we are connected. |
连接起第三世界 连接起我们所有人 |
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Third World:n.第三世界;
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| And what happens next? |
那么下一步会发生什么？ |
| Well, you've got mail. |
好吧,你们收到了邮件 |
| Yeah. |
是呀 |
| Well, the Internet has empowered us. |
好吧,因特网给我们力量 |
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empowered:v.授权;给(某人)…的权力;(empower的过去分词和过去式)
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| It has empowered you, it has empowered me and it has empowered some other guys as well. |
给你力量 给我力量 而且也给其他一些家伙力量 |
| (Laughter) |
(笑声） |
| You know, these last two cartoons -- |
你知道,这后面两张漫画是 |
| I did them live during a conference in Hanoi . |
我当场 在河内的一次会议期间所作 |
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conference:n.会议;研讨会;商讨会;体育协会(或联合会) Hanoi:n.河内(越南首都);
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| And they were not used to that in communist 2.0 Vietnam. |
在共产主义2.0版的越南 他们对这些并不习惯 |
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communist:n.共产党员;共产主义者;adj.共产主义的;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| So I was cartooning live on a wide screen -- it was quite a sensation -- and then this guy came to me. |
所以我正在一个宽屏幕上当场作画 当时相当轰动 然后这家伙过来了 |
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cartooning:v.卡通漫画制作;卡通(cartoon的ing形式); sensation:n.感觉;轰动;感动;
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| He was taking pictures of me and of my sketches , and I thought, "This is great, a Vietnamese fan." |
他对着我和我的速写拍照 我想:“太好了,一个越南粉丝。” |
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sketches:n.[测]草图; v.素描,写生(sketch的第三人称单数); Vietnamese:n.越南人;越南语;adj.越南的;越南人的;
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| And as he came the second day, |
当他第二天又来了的时候 |
| I thought, "Wow, that's really a cartoon lover ." |
我想:“哇,真是个漫画爱好者！” |
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lover:n.爱好者;情侣;热爱者;
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| And on the third day, I finally understood, the guy was actually on duty. |
直到第三天,我终于明白 这家伙实际上是在执勤 |
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finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地;
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| So by now, there must be a hundred pictures of me smiling with my sketches in the files of the Vietnamese police. |
所以到现在为止,一定有一百多张我 拿着我的速写笑对镜头的照片 存放在越南警察局的档案里 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| No, but it's true: the Internet has changed the world. |
不,但这千真万确:因特网已经改变了这个世界 |
| It has rocked the music industry; it has changed the way we consume music. |
它已震撼了音乐产业 它改变了我们消费音乐的方式 |
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consume:v.消耗;吃;毁灭;烧毁;
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| For those of you old enough to remember, we used to have to go to the store to steal it. |
你们中那些上了年纪的人一定记得 我们过去常常得走进店家 顺手牵羊 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| And it has changed the way your future employer will look at your application . |
而且因特网已经改变了 你未来的老板 审视你的应聘简历的方式 |
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employer:n.雇主,老板; application:n.应用;申请;应用程序;敷用;
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| So be careful with that Facebook account -- your momma told you, be careful. |
所以小心 你的facebook帐户 你妈妈告诉过你,当心点准没错 |
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momma:n.妈妈;
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| And technology has set us free -- this is free WiFi. |
而且科学技术让我们获得自由 这是免费的无线上网 |
| But yeah, it has liberated us from the office desk. |
但真的,它把我们 从办公桌旁解放了出来 |
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liberated:adj.不受传统思想束缚的,开放的; v.解放; (liberate的过去式和过去分词)
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| This is your life, enjoy it. |
这就是你的生活 尽情享受吧 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| In short, technology, the internet, they have changed our lifestyle. |
简而言之,科技,因特网 它们已经改变了我们的生活方式 |
| Tech guru , like this man -- that a German magazine called the philosopher of the 21st century -- they are shaping the way we do things. |
科技领袖们,比如这位先生—— 一本德国杂志称其为21世纪的哲学家 他们正塑造着我们的行事方式 |
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guru:n.古鲁(指印度教等宗教的宗师或领袖);领袖;专家; philosopher:n.哲学家;深思的人;善于思考的人;
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| They are shaping the way we consume. |
他们正塑造着我们的消费方式 |
| They are shaping our very desires. |
他们正塑造着我们的特殊愿望 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| You will not like it. |
你不会喜欢 |
| And technology has even changed our relationship to God. |
而且科技甚至已经改变了 我们同上帝的关系 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| Now I shouldn't get into this. |
现在我不该染指这一问题 |
| Religion and political cartoons, as you may have heard, make a difficult couple, ever since that day of 2005, when a bunch of cartoonists in Denmark drew cartoons that had repercussions all over the world -- demonstrations , fatwa , they provoked violence . People died in the violence . |
宗教和政治漫画 你们也许听说过 很难成双入对 自从2005年的那一天 当时丹麦的一群漫画家 他们的漫画在全世界产生反响 游行,教令裁决 他们挑起了暴力,人们在暴力中丧命 |
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a bunch of:一群;一束;一堆; cartoonists:n.漫画家; repercussions:n.反响,影响(repercussion的复数形式); demonstrations:n.示范,展示(demonstration复数); fatwa:n.法学家的裁决; provoked:v.激起;引发;挑衅;刺激;(provoke的过去分词和过去式) violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲;
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| This was so sickening; people died because of cartoons. |
这是如此令人厌恶 人们因漫画而殒命 |
| I mean -- |
我的意思是—— |
| I had the feeling at the time that cartoons had been used by both sides, actually. |
当时我有这种感觉 实际上,那些漫画被事件的双方所利用 |
| They were used first by a Danish newspaper, which wanted to make a point on Islam. |
最初它们被丹麦报纸所利用 报纸想证明其对伊斯兰教的看法 |
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Danish:adj.丹麦的;丹麦人的;丹麦语(文)的;n.丹麦语; to make a point:表明一种观点;
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| A Danish cartoonist told me he was one of the 24 who received the assignment to draw the prophet -- 12 of them refused. Did you know that? |
一位丹麦漫画家告诉我,他是24位 接受描画先知穆罕默德的任务的画家之一 你们知道吗？其中的12位画家拒绝了这一任务 |
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assignment:n.分配:(分派的)工作,任务: prophet:n.先知;预言者;提倡者;
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| He told me, "Nobody has to tell me what I should draw. |
他告诉我:“没人能指挥我该画些什么, |
| This is not how it works." |
漫画不是这样创作出来的。” |
| And then, of course, they were used by extremists and politicians on the other side . |
然后,当然,他们又被 另一方的极端分子和政治家所利用 |
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extremists:n.极端主义者;极端分子;过激分子;(extremist的复数) politicians:n.政治家;(蔑)政客;(美)政治贩;(politician的复数) on the other side:另一面;在另一边;
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| They wanted to stir up controversy . |
他们想要挑起争端 |
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stir:v.搅拌;搅动;激发;搅和;n.搅拌;搅动;震动;搅和; controversy:n.争论;论战;辩论;
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| You know the story. |
你们知道这个故事 |
| We know that cartoons can be used as weapons. |
我们知道,漫画可以被用作武器 |
| History tells us, they've been used by the Nazis to attack the Jews. |
历史告诉我们 漫画曾被纳粹德国所利用 来攻击犹太人 |
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Nazis:n.纳粹;纳粹党人(nazi的复数);
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| And here we are now. |
而现在 |
| In the United Nations , half of the world is pushing to penalize the offense to religion -- they call it the defamation of religion -- while the other half of the world is fighting back in defense of freedom of speech. |
在联合国 世界上的一半国家正敦促 对冒犯宗教信仰进行惩戒—— 他们称之为宗教诽谤—— 而世界的另一半的正在反击它 以保护言论的自由 |
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United Nations:n.联合国; penalize:vt.处罚;处刑;使不利; offense:n.犯罪,过错;进攻;触怒;引起反感的事物; defamation:n.诽谤;中伤; other half:n.另一半(指配偶或男友,女友);
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| So the clash of civilizations is here, and cartoons are at the middle of it? |
所以这就有了文明冲突 而漫画被夹在其中 |
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clash:v.冲突; n.冲突; civilizations:n.文明(civilization的复数形式);
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| This got me thinking. |
这引起我的思考 |
| Now you see me thinking at my kitchen table, and since you're in my kitchen, please meet my wife. |
现在你看见我在苦思冥想 在我的厨房桌旁 既然你们在我家厨房 请认识一下我的夫人 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| In 2006, a few months after, |
在2006年,也就是几个月后 |
| I went Ivory Coast -- |
我去了象牙海岸—— |
| Western Africa. |
西部非洲 |
| Now, talk of a divided place -- the country was cut in two. |
现在,讨论一下一个分裂的地区。这个国家被分割成两部分 |
| You had a rebellion in the North, the government in the South -- the capital, Abidjan -- and in the middle, the French army. |
北部是叛军 政府军在南部,那里有首都,阿比让 而中间是法国军队 |
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rebellion:n.谋反;叛乱;反叛;反抗;叛逆;
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| This looks like a giant hamburger. |
这看上去像一只巨大的汉堡包 |
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giant:n.巨人;伟人;巨兽;adj.巨大的;特大的
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| You don't want to be the ham in the middle. |
你不想成为夹在其中的火腿吧 |
| I was there to report on that story in cartoons. |
我在那儿报道那个事件 用漫画的形式 |
| I've been doing this for the last 15 years; it's my side job, if you want. |
在过去的15年里我一直这样工作 这是我的副业,如果你也想干的话 |
| So you see the style is different. |
所以你看,风格不一样 |
| This is more serious than maybe editorial cartooning. |
这也许比社论漫画更严肃 |
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editorial:adj.编辑的;社论的;n.社论;
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| I went to places like Gaza during the war in 2009. |
我去过一些地方,如加沙 在2009年的战争期间 |
| So this is really journalism in cartoons. |
所以这是真正的新闻漫画 |
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journalism:n.新闻业,新闻工作;报章杂志;
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| You'll hear more and more about it. |
你会听到越来越多的关于它的内容 |
| This is the future of journalism, I think. |
我认为这是新闻工作的未来 |
| And of course, I went to see the rebels in the north. |
当然,我去见了北部的叛军 |
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rebels:n.反叛者(rebel的复数形式);v.谋反(rebel的第三人称单数形式);
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| Those were poor guys fighting for their rights. |
那是些为争取自己权利而战的穷小子 |
| There was an ethnic side to this conflict as very often in Africa. |
这场冲突中有种族因素 这在非洲很常见 |
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ethnic:adj.种族的;人种的; conflict:n.冲突;矛盾;争执;抵触;v.抵触;
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| And I went to see the Dozo. |
我还去见了当地土著Dozo人 |
| The Dozo, they are the traditional hunters of West Africa. |
这些当地的Dozo人是 西非的传统猎人 |
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traditional:传统的,惯例的,
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| People fear them -- they help the rebellion a lot. |
人们惧怕他们 他们经常帮助叛军 |
| They are believed to have magical powers. |
人们相信他们有神奇的力量 |
| They can disappear and escape bullets . |
他们能隐身,还能避弹 |
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disappear:v.消失;失踪;不复存在; bullets:n.子弹;弹丸;(bullet的复数)
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| I went to see a Dozo chief; he told me about his magical powers. |
我去见了一位Dozo人酋长 他告诉我他的这种神奇的力量 |
| He said, "I can chop your head off right away and bring you back to life." |
他说:“我可以马上把你的脑袋砍下来 然后让你复活。“ |
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chop:v.砍;劈;切碎;剁碎;n.砍;劈;剁;猪(或羊等)排; right away:立刻;
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| I said, "Well, maybe we don't have time for this right now." |
我说,“哦,也许现在我们没时间这么干。” |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| '"Another time." |
“下次吧。” |
| So back in Abidjan, |
那么回到阿比让 |
| I was given a chance to lead a workshop with local cartoonists there and I thought, yes, in a context like this, cartoons can really be used as weapons against the other side. |
我有一次机会来领导一个工作室 同那儿的当地漫画家一起 我想,是的, 在像这样一种情况下,漫画真的可以被用作武器 来对抗另一方 |
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workshop:n.车间;研讨会;讲习班;工场;v.学习; context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉;
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| I mean, the press in Ivory Coast was bitterly divided -- it was compared to the media in Rwanda before the genocide -- so imagine. |
我的意思是,象牙海岸的新闻界严重分裂 可以与 种族灭绝前的卢旺达媒体相提并论 所以想象一下 |
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bitterly:adv.苦涩地,悲痛地;残酷地;怨恨地; compared:adj.比较的,对照的; v.相比; (compare的过去式和过去分词) genocide:n.种族灭绝;灭绝整个种族的大屠杀;
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| And what can a cartoonist do? |
一个漫画家可以有何作为？ |
| Sometimes editors would tell their cartoonists to draw what they wanted to see, and the guy has to feed his family, right? |
有时候编辑会告诉他们手下的漫画家 画些他们想看的东西 而这手下得养家糊口,对吗 |
| So the idea was pretty simple. |
这样构思就非常简单了 |
| We brought together cartoonists from all sides in Ivory Coast. |
我们把 象牙海岸所有不同立场的漫画家聚集在一起 |
| We took them away from their newspaper for three days. |
我们让他们离开他们的报社3天 |
| And I asked them to do a project together, tackle the issues affecting their country in cartoons, yes, in cartoons. |
我要求他们一起合作一个项目 用漫画来处理困扰他们国家的问题 是的,用漫画的形式 |
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tackle:v.处理; n.用具; issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
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| Show the positive power of cartoons. |
来表现漫画的积极力量 |
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positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片;
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| It's a great tool of communication for bad or for good. |
这是一种伟大的交流工具 不论是好是坏 |
| And cartoons can cross boundaries , as you have seen. |
漫画可以超越某些界限 正如你所看见的 |
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boundaries:n.边界;分界线;(boundary的复数)
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| And humor is a good way, I think, to address serious issues. |
而且我认为,幽默是一种 表达严肃问题的好方式 |
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humor:n.幽默;心情;情绪;脾气;v.迎合;迁就;
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| And I'm very proud of what they did. |
而且我对他们所作所为感到非常骄傲 |
| I mean, they didn't agree with each other -- that was not the point. |
我的意思是,他们并不互相苟同——那并不重要 |
| And I didn't ask them to do nice cartoons. |
而且我没有要求他们画好漫画 |
| The first day, they were even shouting at each other. |
第一天,他们甚至互相吼叫 |
| But they came up with a book, looking back at 13 years of political crisis in Ivory Coast. |
但是他们最终出了本书 回顾了13年来 象牙海岸的政治危机 |
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crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的;
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| So the idea was there. |
所以他们的想法都在书里 |
| And I've been doing projects like this, in 2009 in Lebanon , this year in Kenya, back in January. |
而且我一直在做类似的项目 2009年在黎巴嫩 今年1月份,在肯尼亚 |
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Lebanon:n.黎巴嫩(西南亚国家,位于地中海东岸);
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| In Lebanon, it was not a book. |
在黎巴嫩时,没有出书 |
| The idea was to have -- the same principal , a divided country -- take cartoonists from all sides and let them do something together. |
构思建立在 相同的原则上,一个分裂的国家—— 来自各方立场的漫画家 让他们一起合作 |
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principal:adj.主要的;资本的;n.首长;校长;资本;当事人;
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| So in Lebanon, we enrolled the newspaper editors, and we got them to publish eight cartoonists from all sides all together on the same page , addressing the issue affecting Lebanon, like religion in politics and everyday life. |
于是在黎巴嫩 我们拉报纸编辑们入伙 而且我们让他们把 来自敌对各方的8位漫画家的作品一起发表在同一版面上 讨论困扰黎巴嫩的问题 如政治中的宗教问题和日常生活问题 |
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enrolled:v.(使)加入;注册;登记;(enroll的过去分词和过去式) publish:v.出版;发表;公布; on the same page:在同一页上;进度相同;达成共识; politics:n.政治;钩心斗角;政治观点;v.(贬)从事政治活动;(politic的第三人称单数)
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| And it worked. |
这个方法起作用了 |
| For three days, almost all the newspapers of Beirut published all those cartoonists together -- anti-government , pro-government , |
整整3天,几乎贝鲁特所有的报纸 都一起发表了那些漫画作品 反政府报纸 亲政府报纸 |
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Beirut:n.贝鲁特(黎巴嫩一港口); anti-government:反政府; pro-government:亲政府的;
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| Christian, |
基督教报纸 |
| Muslim, of course, |
当然,还有穆斯林报纸 |
| English-speaking, well, you name it. |
英语报,嗯,你能想得到的所有报纸 |
| So this was a great project. |
所以这是一个了不起的项目 |
| And then in Kenya, what we did was addressing the issue of ethnicity , which is a poison in a lot of places in Africa. |
然后在肯尼亚,我们所做的项目 是讨论种族问题 这在非洲的许多地方是个棘手问题 |
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ethnicity:n.种族划分;
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| And we did video clips -- you can see them if you go to YouTube/Kenyatoons. |
而且我们制作了视频剪辑 如果你们上Youtube/kenyatunes就可以观看这个视频 |
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clips:n.夹子; v.夹住;
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| So, preaching for freedom of speech is easy here, but as you have seen in contexts of repression or division , again, what can a cartoonist do? |
所以,在这儿宣扬言论自由 是小事一桩 但是正如你所知道的 在高压或分裂状态下 一个漫画家又能做些什么呢？ |
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preaching:v.讲道(尤指教堂中礼拜时); n.讲道; (preach的现在分词) contexts:n.环境,[计]上下文(context复数); repression:n.抑制,[心理]压抑;镇压; division:n.师;分配;分开;分歧;
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| He has to keep his job. |
他得保住饭碗 |
| Well I believe that in any context anywhere, he always has the choice at least not to do a cartoon that will feed hatred . |
嗯, 我相信在任何地方的任何情况下 他的选择总是起码 避免作一幅漫画 来助长人与人之间的仇恨 |
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hatred:n.仇恨;憎恨;厌恶;
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| And that's the message I try to convey to them. |
那就是我想向他们传达的信息 |
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convey:vt.传达;运输;让与;
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| I think we all always have the choice in the end not to do the bad thing. |
我认为,无论是谁一直到最后都有机会选择 不做坏事 |
| But we need to support these [unclear], critical and responsible voices in Africa, in Lebanon, in your local newspaper, in the Apple store. |
但是我们必须支持 这些批判性的、 负责任的声音 不管是在非洲,还是在黎巴嫩 不论是在当地的报纸上, 还是在苹果商店 |
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critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的; responsible:adj.负责的,可靠的;有责任的;
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| Today, tech companies are the world's largest editors. |
如今,科技公司 成为世界上最大的编辑部 |
| They decide what is too offensive or too provocative for you to see. |
他们决定你们看的东西哪些太无礼 哪些太具争议 |
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offensive:n.进攻;攻势;攻击;侵犯;adj.冒犯的;得罪人的;无礼的; provocative:adj.刺激的,挑拨的;气人的;n.刺激物,挑拨物;兴奋剂;
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| So really, it's not about the freedom of cartoonists; it's about your freedoms. |
所以,真的,这不是事关漫画家的自由 这事关你们的自由 |
| And for dictators all over the world, the good news is when cartoonists, journalists and activists shut up. |
而且对于全世界的独裁者来说 好消息就是 当漫画家们 记者们和社会活动积极分子们都闭嘴的时候 |
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dictators:n.独裁者;发号施令者;专横的人;(dictator的复数) journalists:n.新闻记者(journalist的复数);
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| Thank you. |
谢谢 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |