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PaolaAntonelli_2018V-_帽衫的历史——上下三千年_
The hoodie is an amazing object. 兜帽上衣是样很了不起的东西。
hoodie:n.连帽衫带帽夹克穿着连帽衫的小混混;
It's one of those timeless objects that we hardly think of, because they work so well that they're part of our lives. 它是种不受时间影响的东西, 我们几乎不会去思考它, 因为它被用得很好, 已经是我们生活的一部分。
timeless:adj.永恒的;不受时间影响的;不合时宜的;
We call them " humble masterpieces ." 我们称它为「谦虚的大作」。
humble:adj.谦逊的; vt.使谦恭; masterpieces:n.杰作;绝无仅有的人;
[Small thing.] 〔小东西。〕
[Big idea.] 〔大点子。〕
[Paola Antonelli on the Hoodie] 〔保拉安特那利谈兜帽上衣〕
The hoodie has been -- even if it was not called so -- it's been an icon throughout history for good and for bad reasons. 兜帽上衣一直是── 即使以前没有被这么称呼── 一直是历史上的代表性象征, 理由有好的也有不好的。
throughout:adv.自始至终,到处;全部;prep.贯穿,遍及;
The earliest ones that we can trace are from ancient Greece and ancient Rome. 我们能追溯到最早的兜帽上衣, 是在古希腊和古罗马的时候。
trace:追溯,追踪
The Middle Ages , you see a lot of monks that were wearing garments that were cape-like, with hoods attached , so therefore, " hoodies ." 在中世纪,会看到很多僧侣 穿着像斗篷一样的衣服, 上面连着兜帽, 因此,叫做「兜帽上衣」。
Middle Ages:n.中世纪(欧洲历史上从公元1000年到1450年); garments:n.[服装]服装,衣着(garment的复数); hoods:兜帽; attached:adj.依恋;v.重视;把…固定;(attach的过去分词和过去式) hoodies:n.冠鸦;
Ladies in the 17th century would wear hoodies to kind of hide themselves when they were going to meet their lovers . 十七世纪的女性会穿兜帽上衣, 目的是在去见爱人时 隐藏自己的面孔。
lovers:n.情人(lover的复数形式);
And then, of course, there's the legend , there's fantasy . 当然,还有传奇,还有幻想。
legend:n.传奇;说明;图例;刻印文字; fantasy:n.幻想; adj.虚幻的; v.空想;
There's the image of the hoodie connected to the grim reaper . 兜帽上衣的形象和死神连结在一起。
grim reaper:n.狰狞的收割者(指骷髅状死神,身披斗篷,手持长柄大镰刀);
There's the image of the hoodie connected to the executioner . 兜帽上衣的形象和 行刑者连结在一起。
executioner:n.刽子手,死刑执行人;
So there's the dark side of the hoodie. 兜帽上衣也有黑暗的一面。
The modern incarnation of the hoodie -- a garment that's made usually of cotton jersey, that has a hood attached with a drawstring; sometimes it has a marsupial pocket -- was introduced in the 1930s by Knickerbocker Knitting Company. 到了现代的兜帽上衣, 通常是棉质针织的衣服, 上面连着有拉绳的兜帽; 有时前方会有袋鼠口袋── 这是三〇年代由 Knickerbocker 织品公司推出的,
incarnation:n.化身;道成肉身;典型; marsupial:adj.[脊椎]有袋的;袋状的;n.有袋类动物; Knickerbocker:n.(最初到美国纽约的)荷兰移民的后代;荷兰籍纽约人;纽约人;灯笼裤; Knitting:n.针织;编织物;[外科]骨愈合;v.编织;皱眉(knit的ing形式);
Now it's called Champion. 就是现在的 Champion 运动服公司。
It was meant to keep athletes warm. 它的目的是要幫运动员保暖。
athletes:n.运动员;身强体健的人(athlete的复数形式);
Of course, though, it was such a functional , comfortable garment that it was very rapidly adopted by workmen everywhere. 当然,因为这种衣服功能好又舒服, 它很快就被各地的工匠采用。
functional:adj.功能的; adopted:adj.被收养的;被采用的;v.采用;接受;(adopt的过去式和过去分词); workmen:n.[劳经]工人(workman的复数);
And then, around the 1980s, it also gets adopted by hip-hop and B-boys , skateboarders , and it takes on this kind of youth street culture. 接着,在八〇年代, 穿兜帽上衣的人还包括 跳嘻哈和街舞的男孩、玩滑板的人, 它变成了年轻街头文化的一种流行。
hip-hop:n.街舞,即兴音乐;嘻哈; B-boys:n.说唱乐乐迷;嘻蹦乐乐迷; skateboarders:n.滑板手;玩滑板的人;(skateboarder的复数)
It was, at the same time , super-comfortable, perfect for the streets and also had that added value of anonymity when you needed it. 同时,它也超舒服好穿, 很适合在街上穿, 它还有匿名的附加价值, 若你需要的话。
at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时; added value:附加值; anonymity:n.匿名;匿名者;无名之辈;
And then we have Mark Zuckerberg, who defies convention of respectable attire for businesspeople . 接着有马克祖克柏, 他公然反对在大会议上 商業人士要盛装打扮的习俗。
defies:vt.藐视;公然反抗;挑衅;使落空;n.挑战;对抗; convention:n.习俗;惯例;协定;常规; respectable:adj.值得尊敬的;人格高尚的;相当数量的;n.可敬的人; attire:n.服装;盛装;vt.打扮;使穿衣; businesspeople:商人;
But interestingly , it's also a way to show how power has changed. 有趣的是,这也是展现出权力 已经转换了的一种方式。
interestingly:adv.有趣地;
If you're wearing a two-piece suit, you might be the bodyguard . 若你穿两件式西装,你可能是保镳。
two-piece:adj.上下两件的;两件构成一套的; bodyguard:n.保镖;v.护送;
The real powerful person is wearing a hoodie with a T-shirt and jeans. 真正有权力的人,穿的是 兜帽上衣搭配Ｔ恤和牛仔裤。
It's easy to think of the physical aspects of the hoodie. 思考兜帽上衣的 实体面向是很容易的。
physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查; aspects:n.方面;相位;面貌(aspect的复数);
You can immediately think of wearing the hood up, and you feel this warmth and this protection, but at the same time, you can also feel the psychological aspects of it. 你马上就可以想到把兜帽戴上, 你能感到温暖以及受保护的感觉, 但同时, 你也可以感受到它的心理面向。
psychological:adj.心理的;心理学的;精神上的;
I mean, think of donning a hoodie, all of a sudden , you feel more protected, you feel that you are in your own shell . 想像穿着兜帽上衣, 突然间,你就觉得比较受保护, 你觉得你在自己的保护壳当中。
donning:v.插筒管;套上假肢(don的ing形式); all of a sudden:突然地,出乎意料地; shell:n.壳;炮弹;壳层;骨架;v.脱壳;剥壳;采集贝壳;用壳体包被;short.shewill;
We know very well what the hoodie has come to signify in the past few years in the United States. 我们都很清楚,在美国,过去几年 兜帽变得很有重要意义。
signify:vt.表示;意味;预示;vi.有重要性;要紧;冒充内行; United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式)
When Trayvon Martin, a 17-year-old African-American kid, was shot by a neighborhood vigilante , and Million Hoodie Marches happened all over the United States, in which people wore hoodies with the hood up and marched in the streets against this kind of prejudice . 当十七岁的非裔美国孩子 特雷沃恩马丁 被街坊的义警射杀, 全美展开了百万兜帽上衣大游行, 人们会穿着兜帽上衣并把兜帽戴上, 在街上游行,抗议这种歧视。
African-American:非洲裔美国人(指美国黑人); neighborhood:n.附近;地区;街坊;adj.附近的; vigilante:n.义务警员;治安维持会成员; prejudice:n.偏见;侵害;vt.损害;使有偏见;
It doesn't happen that often for a garment to have so much symbolism and history and that encompasses so many different universes as the hoodie. 这种事不常发生, 很少会有一种服装能有 这么多象征性及历史意义, 且包含了这么多不同的领域, 兜帽上衣做到了。
symbolism:n.象征,象征主义;符号论;记号; encompasses:vt.包含;包围,环绕;完成; universes:语义层;此生彼世;
So, like all garments, especially all truly utilitarian garments, it is very basic in its design. 所以,如同所有服装, 特别是真正实用的服装, 兜帽上衣的设计很基本。
especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; utilitarian:adj.功利的;功利主义的;实利的;n.功利主义者;
But at the same time, it has a whole universe of possibilities attached. 但同时, 它又有着无限的可能性。