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OrenYakobovich_2014G-_在地球上最危险的地方，用偷拍记录不公义_
I would like to start with the story of Mary, a woman from an African village. 让我从一个小故事开始。 主人公是玛丽, 一个来自非洲乡村的女人。
Her first memories are of her family fleeing violent riots orchestrated by the ruling political party. 在她的记忆里,从小开始 她全家就在躲避暴乱,颠沛流离, 这一切都拜执政党所赐。
fleeing:v.迅速离开;逃避,逃跑;(flee的现在分词) violent:adj.暴力的;猛烈的; riots:n.暴动(riot的复数);v.骚乱(riot的第三人称单数形式);闹事; orchestrated:v.编配(或创作管弦乐曲); (orchestrate的过去分词和过去式)
Her brother was murdered by the state-sponsored militia , and she was raped more than once just because she belonged to the wrong party. 她的哥哥被政府支持的民兵杀害, 她也被多次强暴 仅仅因为她隶属“不良”党派。
state-sponsored:国家支持;国家所发起或资助的;国家操纵的; militia:n.民兵组织;自卫队;义勇军;国民军; raped:v.强奸;强暴(rape的过去分词和过去式)
One morning, a month before the election, 选举前一个月的某天早上,
Mary's village was called to another intimidation meeting. 玛丽所在的村子里上演了一场恐吓拉票集会。
intimidation:n.恐吓,威胁;
In this meeting, there is a man standing in front of them, telling them, "We know who you are, we know who you will vote for, and if you're not going to drop the right paper, we're going to take revenge ." 会上,一个男子站在他们面前, 对大家说,“我们认识你们,“ “知道你们的票会投给谁,” “如果你们不做出‘正确’的选择,” ”我们会打击报复。”
revenge:n.报复;复仇;v.报复;替…报仇;洗雪;
But for Mary, this meeting is different. 但对玛丽来说,这个会议不同寻常,
She feels different. 她的感触也不同寻常。
This time, she's waiting for this meeting, because this time, she's carrying a small hidden camera in her dress, a camera that nobody else can see. 这次,她有所期待, 因为这次,她衣服里藏了一只隐形摄像机, 一只没人能觉察的摄像机。
Nobody is allowed to film in these meetings. 这些会议严禁摄影,
You risk your life if you do. 否则你将有生命危险。
Mary knows that, but she also knows that the only way to stop them and to protect herself and her community is to expose their intimidation, to make sure they understand somebody is following them, to break the impunity they feel. 玛丽明白,但她也知道,只有这样才能阻止他们, 才能保护她自己以及她的村庄。 只有把这种恐吓行为公之于众, 让他们知道有人监督, 他们不能无法无天。
community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; expose:v.揭露,揭发;使曝光;显示; impunity:n.不受惩罚;无患;[法]免罚;
Mary and her friends were filming for months, undercover , the intimidation of the ruling political party. 玛丽和她的朋友们已经对执政党的恐吓行为 秘密地录制了几个月。
undercover:adj.秘密工作的;暗中做的;私下进行的;
(Video) ["Filmed with hidden cameras"] （偷拍视频）
Man: We are now going to speak about the upcoming elections. 男子:我们要说说接下来的选举。
upcoming:adj.即将来临的;
Nothing can stop us from doing what we want. 我们势不可挡,
If we hear you are with [The Opposition] 如果你跟“反对党”一伙,
we will not forgive you. 我们绝不原谅。
forgive:v.原谅;免除(债务,义务等);
["Militia intimidation rally "] （民兵拉票会）
rally:v.团结;重整;恢复;(网球等)连续对打;n.集会;回复;公路赛车会;
[The Party] can torture you at any time. “组织”可以随时对你们严刑拷打,
torture:v.折磨;拷问;歪曲;n.折磨;拷问;歪曲;
The youth can beat you. 年青人不会放过你。
[" Disruption of political meeting"] （会议被迫中断）
Disruption:n.破坏,毁坏;分裂,瓦解;
For those who lie, saying they are back with [The Party], your time is running out. 那些谎称要回归“党”的人, 你们的日子到头了。
["Party youth militia"] （青年民兵集会）
Some have died because they rebelled . 有些反抗的人已经丧命,
rebelled:v.造反;反抗;背叛;(rebel的过去分词和过去式)
Some have lost their homes. 有些无家可归。
If you don't work together with [The Party], you will lead a very bad life. 如果不和“党”合作, 你们不会有好下场。
Oren Yakobovich: These images were broadcast all over the world, but more importantly, they have been broadcast back to the community. 这些画面现已在世界范围内播出, 更重要的是, 也包括当地,
images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数) broadcast:v.广播; n.广播节目; adj.[无线]播音的;
The perpetrators saw them too. 包括施暴者自己也看到了。
perpetrators:n.作恶者;行凶者;犯罪者;(perpetrator的复数)
They understood somebody is following them. 他们发现有人盯着他们。
They got scared. Impunity was broken. 他们会害怕,不敢再无法无天。
Mary and her friends forced the ruling political party not to use violence during the election, and saved hundreds of lives. 玛丽和她的朋友们迫使执政党 在选举中不得使用暴力, 拯救了很多人的生命。
violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲;
Mary is just one of hundreds of people that my organization had helped to document human rights violations using cameras. 玛丽是我们机构里 用相机记录反人权行为的 几百人之一。
organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体; violations:n.违反,妨碍;违规或不雅行为(violation的复数形式);
My background should have led me to a different direction. 我的成长背景本应带我走上一条不同的道路。
I was born in Israel to a right-wing family, and as long as I remember myself, 我出生在以色列的一个右翼家庭, 自小时候起的印象里,
Israel:n.以色列(亚洲国家);犹太人,以色列人; right-wing:adj.右翼的;右派的; as long as:conj.只要;长达;如果;既然;
I wanted to join the Israeli army to serve my country and prove what I believed was our right for the whole land. 我一直想要参军报国, 为这片土地伸张正义。
Israeli:adj.以色列的;以色列人的;n.以色列人;
I joined the Israeli army just after the first intifada , the first Palestinian uprising , and I served in one of the hard-minded, toughest, aggressive infantry units, and I got the biggest gun in my platoon . 在第一次巴勒斯坦起义之后, 我加入了以色列军, 服役于一个强硬、 坚毅、激进的步兵队。 我也得到队里最大的一架枪。
intifada:n.起义;暴动;叛乱; Palestinian:adj.巴勒斯坦的;巴勒斯坦人的;n.巴勒斯坦人; uprising:n.起义;升起;adj.升起的;v.起义(uprise的ing形式);升起; aggressive:adj.侵略性的;好斗的;有进取心的;有闯劲的; infantry:n.步兵;步兵团; platoon:n.排,团;一组;
Quite fast, I became an officer and got soldiers under my command, and as time passed, I started serving in the West Bank, and I saw these images. 很快,我当上一名军官, 手下也有了几名士兵。 再后来,我开始服役于约旦河西岸, 目睹了以下这些画面。
I didn't like what I saw. 我不喜欢眼前的一切。
It took me a while, but eventually I refused to serve in the West Bank and had to spend time in jail . 挣扎了一段时间后, 我最终辞去西岸的职责, 这也让我不得已被关入狱。
eventually:adv.最后,终于; jail:n.监狱;监牢;拘留所;v.监禁;下狱;
It was not that bad, I have to say. 其实,我得承认,没那么糟。
It was a bit like being in a hotel, but with very shitty food. 跟旅馆有点像,只是吃的很烂。
shitty:adj.较差的;劣等的;
(Laughter) （笑）
In jail, I kept thinking that I need people to know. 监禁期间,我一直想,我要人们知道,
I need people to understand what the reality in the West Bank looks like. 我要人们明白, 约旦河西岸的真实面貌。
I need them to hear what I heard, 我要他们听我所听,
I need them to see what I saw, but I also understood, we need the Palestinians themselves, the people that are suffering, to be able to tell their own stories, not journalists or filmmakers that are coming outside of the situation. 见我所见, 但我也了解,我们需要巴勒斯坦人民, 那些经历苦难的人们, 能讲述他们自己的故事, 而不是透过置身事外的记者、还是电影制作人。
journalists:n.新闻记者(journalist的复数); filmmakers:n.制片人(filmmaker的复数);
I joined a human rights organization, an Israeli human rights organization called B'Tselem. 我加入了一个人权机构, 一个叫做B*Tselem的以色列组织。
Together, we analyzed the West Bank and picked 100 families that are living in the most risky places: close to checkpoints , near army bases, side by side with settlers . 我们一同分析了西岸, 挑选出100个身处险境的家庭: 它们在关卡旁、在军队基地边、 紧邻着定居点。
analyzed:v.分析(analyze的过去式和过去分词);检讨; checkpoints:n.检查点集;检验点;(checkpoint的复数) side by side:adj.并肩的;并行的; settlers:n.移民;殖民者;(settler的复数)
We gave them cameras and training. 我们提供相机和相关培训。
Quite fast, we started getting very disturbing images about how the settlers and the soldiers are abusing them. 很快的,我们开始收到一些令人不安的画面: 画面里,他们受到士兵和移民者的虐待。
disturbing:adj.引起烦恼的;令人不安的;v.打扰;干扰;搅乱;使不安;(disturb的现在分词) abusing:v.滥用(以致危害健康);妄用;虐待;伤害;(abuse的现在分词)
I would like to share with you two clips from this project. 我想和大家分享来自这个项目的两段影片。
clips:n.夹子; v.夹住;
Both of them were broadcast in Israel, and it created a massive debate . 两段都在以色列播放过,也引起了巨大的争议。
massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; debate:n.辩论;争论;考虑;v.辩论;争论;考虑;
And I have to warn you, some of you might find them quite explicit . 我得提醒大家, 有些人可能会觉得画面过于暴力。
explicit:adj.明确的;清楚的;直率的;详述的;
The masked men you will see in the first clips are Jewish settlers. 第一个画面中的蒙面人 是犹太移民者。
Jewish:adj.犹太人的;犹太族的;
Minutes before the camera was turned on, they approached a Palestinian family that was working their land and told them that they have to leave the land, because this land belongs to the Jewish settlers. 相机开启的几分钟前, 他们朝一个正在耕作的 巴勒斯坦家庭靠近, 告诉他们必须离开, 因为这片地属于他们犹太人定居点。
approached:v.走近;临近;探讨;建议;(approach的过去分词和过去式)
The Palestinians refused. 巴勒斯坦人拒绝了。
Let's see what happened. 我们看看发生了什么。
The masked men that are approaching are Jewish settlers. （视频）画面中的蒙面人是犹太移民。
approaching:v.靠近,接近;接洽;建议;要求;(approach的现在分词)
They are approaching the Palestinian family. 他们正向一个巴勒斯坦家庭逼近。
This is a demonstration in the West Bank. （视频）这是约旦河西岸的一个示威。
demonstration:n.示范;演示;论证;证明;
The guy in green is Palestinian. 穿绿衣的是巴勒斯坦人。
He will be arrested in a second . 他马上会被逮捕。
in a second:立刻,很快;
Here you see him blindfolded and handcuffed . 现在你可以看到他被戴上眼罩和手铐。
blindfolded:v.(用布等)蒙住…的眼睛(blindfold的过去分词和过去式) handcuffed:v.给…戴上手铐(handcuff的过去式和过去分词);
In a few seconds, he regrets he came to this demonstration. 接下来的几秒钟,他会为自己的到来而后悔。
He's been shot in the foot with a rubber bullet . 他被一个橡胶子弹击中了脚。
rubber bullet:n.橡皮子弹(防暴用);
He is okay. 他没事儿。
Not all the settlers and the soldiers are acting this way. 并不是所有外来移民和士兵都如此。
We're talking about a tiny minority , but they have to be brought to justice . 我们说的是极小的一部分,但他们必须面对正义的审判。
minority:n.少数民族;少数派;未成年;adj.少数的;属于少数派的; justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判;
These clips, and others like them, forced the army and the police to start investigations . 这些影片,以及其他类似的, 迫使军队和警方开始介入调查。
investigations:n.调查(investigation的复数);
They've been shown in Israel, of course, and the Israeli public was exposed to them also. 当然,它们已经在以色列播出, 在以色列的公众面前曝光。
exposed:adj.无遮蔽的; v.暴露; (expose的过去分词和过去式)
This project redefined the struggle for human rights in the occupied territories , and we managed to reduce the number of violent attacks in the West Bank. 这个项目重新定义了 受统治地区的人权斗争, 也让西岸暴力袭击的数量得以降低。
redefined:adj.重新定义的;vt.对…再加以解说;再给…下定义(redefine的过去分词); occupied:adj.被占领的; v.占用; (occupy的过去分词和过去式) territories:n.地区;领土;边疆区(territory的复数);
The success of this project got me thinking how I can take the same methodology to other places in the world. 这个项目的成功让我思考 我怎样采取同样的方法,运用到世界其他区域。
methodology:n.方法学,方法论;
Now, we tend to believe that today, with all of the technology , the smartphones and the Internet, we are able to see and understand most of what's happening in the world, and people are able to tell their story — but it's only partly true. 现在,我们愿意相信, 在拥有了现有科技、 智能手机和互联网之后, 我们能够目睹和了解世界上所发生的一切, 人们能够讲述他们的故事。 但这只是片面的。
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; smartphones:智能手机(smartphone的复数);
Still today, with all the technology we have, less than half of the world's population has access to the Internet, and more than three billion people — 至今为止,在现有的科技下, 世界上只有少于半数的人 能使用互联网, 还有超过30亿,
I'm repeating the number — three billion people are consuming news that is censored by those in power. 我重申, 还有30亿人,还在审查制度中获取资讯。
consuming:adj.消费的;强烈的;v.消耗(consume的ing形式); censored:adj.设限,被检查过的;v.审查;删掉(censor的过去分词);
More or less around the same time, 差不多同时,
More or less:或多或少;
I'm approached by a great guy named Uri Fruchtmann. 一个叫Uri Fruchtmann的人找到我。
He's a filmmaker and an activist . 他是个电影制片人和活动分子。
activist:n.积极分子;激进主义分子;
We understood we were thinking along the same lines, and we decided to establish Videre, our organization, together. 我们知道我们目标一致, 于是决定共同成立 Videre。
establish:v.创立;设立;建立;确立;使立足;查实;
While building the organization in London, we've been traveling undercover to places where a community was suffering from abuses , where mass atrocities were happening, and there was a lack of reporting. 在伦敦组建团队的时候, 我们秘密走访了 一些饱受摧残、 暴力横行, 又缺乏曝光的地区。
abuses:v.滥用;虐待;辱骂(abuse的三单形式);n.滥用;虐待;暴行(abuse的复数); atrocities:n.暴行(atrocity的复数);残忍;
We tried to understand how we can help. 我们试着了解该如何提供援助。
There were four things that I learned. 我们学到了四点:
The first thing is that we have to engage with communities that are living in rural areas, where violations are happening far from the public eye. 首先,我们需要与那些 遭受暴力却远离公众视线的 偏远村庄建立联系。
engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的;
We need to partner with them, and we need to understand which images are not making it out there and help them to document them. 我们需要和他们合作, 需要了解那些不为人知的故事, 并帮助他们记录下来。
The second thing I learned is that we have to enable them to film in a safe way. 其次,我学到 得让他们以一种安全的方式进行拍摄。
enable:v.使能够;使有机会;使成为可能;使可行;
Security has to be the priority . 安全第一。
priority:n.优先;优先权;[数]优先次序;优先考虑的事;
Where I used to work before, in the West Bank, one can take a camera out, most likely not going to get shot, but in places we wanted to work, just try to pull a phone out, and you're dead — literally dead. 当我还在西岸工作的时候, 你能掏出摄像机, 八成也不会被一枪崩了, 但在我们要开展工作的那些地方, 要敢拿出手机你就死定了,真的死定了。
literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地:
This is why we decided to take the operation undercover when necessary, and use mostly hidden cameras. 这就是为什么我决定 在必要的时候, 尽可能地 使用隐形相机进行拍摄。
Unfortunately , I can't show you the hidden cameras we're using today — for obvious reasons — but these are cameras we used before. 很不幸,我不能给大家展示 我们正在使用的偷拍相机, 但这些是我们曾经用使过的机型。
Unfortunately:adv.不幸地; obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的;
You can buy them off the shelf. 你可以在店里买到的。
Today, we're building a custom-made hidden camera, like the one that Mary was wearing in her dress to film the intimidation meeting of the ruling political party. 如今,我们定制了一款隐形相机, 类似玛丽身上的 记录执政党 恐吓胁迫行径的相机。
custom-made:adj.定制的;v.定做(custom-make的过去式);
It's a camera that nobody can see, that blends into the environment, into the surroundings . 这款相机很隐蔽 可以很好地融入周遭环境。
blends:n.混纺,混纺纤维; vt.使交融(blend的三单形式); vi.[天]混合,混杂; surroundings:n.周围的环境;环境;(surrounding的复数)
Now, filming securities go beyond using hidden cameras. 现在,拍摄安全比使用隐形相机本身更重要。
Being secure starts way before the activist is turning the camera on. 在打开摄像机之前,就得确保安全。
To keep our partners safe, we work to understand the risk of every location and of every shot before it's happened, building a backup plan if something goes wrong, and making sure we have everything in place before our operations start. 为了保障我们合作伙伴的安危, 我们致力了解每个地方、 拍摄每张照片的风险, 在可能出错的环节做好应急措施, 在展开行动之前, 确保一切就绪。
location:n.地方;地点;位置;定位 backup:n.后援;增援;(文件等的)备份;adj.后补的;支持性的;伴奏的;
The third thing I learned is the importance of verification . 第三,我学到核实的重要性。
verification:n.确认,查证;核实;
You can have an amazing shot of atrocity , but if you can't verify it, it's worth nothing. 你能捕捉到惊心动魄的暴行, 但如果无法核实真伪,那它没有任何意义。
atrocity:n.暴行;凶恶,残暴; verify:vt.核实;查证;
Recently , like in the ongoing war in Syria or the war in Gaza, we've seen images that are staged or brought from a different conflict . 近来,在叙利亚,又或者加沙持续的战争中, 我们看到一些摆拍的,或从其他冲突中挪用的影像。
Recently:adv.最近;新近; ongoing:n.发展; adj.持续存在的; Syria:n.叙利亚共和国; conflict:n.冲突;矛盾;争执;抵触;v.抵触;
This misinformation destroyed the credibility of the source, and it's harmed the credibility of other reliable and trustworthy sources . 这些不实信息不光损害了消息来源的可信度, 也影响了其他原本可信可靠的消息源。
misinformation:n.误报;错误的消息; credibility:n.可信性;确实性; reliable:adj.可信赖的;可依靠的;真实可信的;可靠的; trustworthy:adj.可靠的;可信赖的; sources:n.来源;出处;起源;根源;原因;v.(从…)获得(source的第三人称单数和复数)
We use a variety of ways to make sure we can verify the information and we can trust the material. 我们用多种途径确保消息能够核实, 素材值得信任。
variety:n.多样;种类;杂耍;变化,多样化;
It starts with vetting the partners, understanding who they are, and working with them very intensively . 这都从我们对合作者的审核开始, 认识他们,和他们紧密合作。
vetting:v.审查;仔细检查,审查;(vet的现在分词) intensively:adv.强烈地;集中地;
How do you film a location? 你该如何拍摄一个场景呢？
You film road signs, you film watches,you film newspapers. 你可以拍拍路标,手表,报纸,
We are checking maps, looking at maps, double-checking the information, and looking also at the metadata of the material. 我们可以查看地图, 核对信息, 查询后备资料。
double-checking:vt.将…仔细检查,复核;vi.仔细检查,进行复核;n.复核;第二次检查; metadata:n.[计]元数据;
Now, the fourth and the most important thing I learned is how you use images to create a positive change. 第四点,也是我学到的最多的 是如何利用这些图像来创造一些正面的改观。
positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片;
To have an effect, the key thing is how you use the material. 为了达到效应, 关键在于如何使用这些材料。
Today, we're working with hundreds of activists filming undercover. 今天,我们同几百名积极分子一起 秘密拍摄。
We work with them both to understand the situation on the ground and which images are missing to describe it, who are the ones that are influencing the situation, and when to release the material to advance the struggle. 我们一起了解当下处境, 看看还缺少哪些画面, 谁能改变局面, 什么时候发布这些资料,来推进斗争。
describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形; influencing:v.影响;对…起作用;支配;左右(influence的现在分词) release:v.释放;发射;让与;允许发表;n.释放;发布;让与;
Sometimes, it's about putting it in the media , mostly local ones, to create awareness . 有时,这事关媒体, 主要是当地的媒体,来提高人们的意识。
media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉; awareness:n.意识,认识;明白,知道;
Sometimes it's working with decision makers, to change laws. 有时,这事关决策者, 要他们去完善法制。
Sometimes, it's working with lawyers to use as evidence in court. 有时,是把这些资料当做证据。
evidence:n.证据,证明;迹象;明显;v.证明;
But more than often, the most effective way to create a social change is to work within the community. 但更多时候, 引发社会变革最有效的方法, 是从体制内部开展工作。
effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象;
I want to give you one example. 给大家举个例子。
Fatuma is part of a network of women that are fighting abuses in Kenya. Fatuma是肯尼亚一个妇女反暴力组织中的一员,
Women in her community have been harassed constantly on their way to school and on their way to work. 社区中的女性 时常在上学和工作途中遭遇骚扰。
harassed:adj.疲惫焦虑的;v.侵扰;骚扰;不断攻击(敌人);(harass的过去分词和过去式) constantly:adv.不断地;时常地;
They are trying to change the behavior of the community from inside. 她们试图由内而外地改变这种局面。
In the next clip, 在接下来的影片中,
Fatuma is taking us with her on her journey to work. Fatuma将带领我们走上她上班的路途。
journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行;
Her voice is superimposed on images that she filmed herself using hidden cameras. 她为这段偷拍的影片 做了旁白。
superimposed:adj.[地物]叠加的;上叠的;重迭的;叠覆的,重叠的;
(Video) Fatuma Chiusiku: My name is Fatuma Chiusiku.
I'm 32 years old, a mother, 32岁,是一个母亲,
And Ziwa La Ng'Ombe is my home. 家在Ziwa La Ng*Ombe。
Each morning, I ride the mini-bus 每天早上,我乘坐小巴,
mini-bus:n.[车辆]小公共汽车;小型客车;
Number 11. 11路。
But instead of a peaceful journey to work, each day begins with fear. 但上班的车程并非一路安宁, 而是充满恐惧。
Come with me now and use my eyes to feel what I feel. 跟着我, 用我的眼睛, 体会我的感受。
As I walk, I think to myself: 我边走边想:
Will I be touched? 我会再一次被售票员偷摸吗？
Grabbed ? 偷抓？
Grabbed:v.抓住;攫取;抓住,夺得;(grab的过去分词和过去式)
Violated by this conductor again? 冒犯？
Violated:v.违反,违背(法律、协议等); (violate的过去分词和过去式) conductor:n.列车长;(管弦乐队、合唱队等的)指挥;职业指挥;
Even the men inside the way they look at me touch my body, rub against me, grab me, and now, as I sit in my seat 就连车里的男人们 他们看我的样子, 摸着我的身子,磨蹭我, 抓我, 现在,当我坐在座位上,
I only wish my mind was full of thoughts for my day, my dreams, my children at school, but instead I worry about the moment when we will arrive and I will be violated again. 多希望每天心里惦记着的只是我的生活, 我的梦想,我在上学的孩子, 但我却要担心公车何时抵达, 而我是否会再一次被侵犯。
OY: Today, there is a new front in the fight for human rights. 今天,我们的人权斗争已经到了全新的阶段。
I used to carry a big gun. 我曾经手持重型枪械。
Now, I am carrying this. 现在,我拿着这个。（偷拍相机）
This is a much more powerful and much, much more effective weapon. 这是个更有力,更有效的武器。
But we have to use its power wisely. 但我们要善用它,
By putting the right images in the right hands at the right time , we can truly create an impact . 在对的时间, 只有这样,我们才能真的影响世界。
at the right time:在适当时候; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）
Thank you. 谢谢大家。
(Applause)