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NeilTurok_2008-_教授的ted获奖愿望_
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| It was an incredible surprise to me to find out that there was actually an organization that cared about both parts of my life. |
对我来说这是一个难以置信的惊喜 （我发现）实际上有如此的一个机构能够涵盖我生活的两个不同方面 |
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incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体;
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| Because, basically , |
因为,实际上 |
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basically:adv.主要地,基本上;
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| I work as a theoretical physicist . |
我是一个理论物理学家 |
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theoretical:adj.理论的;理论上的;假设的;推理的; physicist:n.物理学家;物理学研究者;
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| I develop and test models of the Big Bang , using observational data. |
我开发和测试宇宙大爆炸的模型 使用观测数据 |
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Bang:n.猛敲; v.猛敲; v.正好; observational:adj.观测的;根据观察的;
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| And I've been moonlighting for the last five years helping with a project in Africa. |
但是实际上在过去的五年中,我还“暗中”从事着另一个事业 为在非洲的一个项目尽我所能 |
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moonlighting:v.(暗中)兼职,从事第二职业(moonlight的现在分词)n.月光
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| And, I get a lot of flak for this at Cambridge . |
而且,在剑桥我受到了很多“非议” |
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flak:n.高射炮;抨击;谴责; Cambridge:n.剑桥(英国城市);坎布里奇(美国马萨诸塞州城市);
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| People wonder, you know, "How do you have time to do this?" And so on. |
人们疑惑:你怎么有时间去做这个事情？诸如此类 |
| And so it was simply astonishing to me to find an organization that appreciated both those sides. |
所以我只是惊讶 可以找到这样一个机构能同时关心这两个方面的问题 |
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astonishing:adj.令人十分惊讶的;v.使十分惊讶;使吃惊;(astonish的现在分词) appreciated:v.欣赏;感激;理解;(appreciate的过去分词和过去式)
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| So I thought I'd start off by just telling you a little bit about myself and why I lead this schizophrenic life. |
我想我还是从自己的一点事情说起 以及我是如何走进这种“精神分裂式”的生活的 |
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schizophrenic:adj.精神分裂症的;n.精神分裂症的患者;
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| Well, I was born in South Africa and my parents were imprisoned for resisting the racist regime . |
我出生在南非,父母早年被监禁 由于反对种族歧视的政治统治 |
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imprisoned:v.监禁;关押;(imprison的过去分词和过去式) resisting:adj.稳定的;坚固的;v.抵抗;忍住(resist的现在分词); racist:n.种族主义者;种族主义的; regime:n.政权,政体;社会制度;管理体制;
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| When they were released , we left and we went as refugees to Kenya and Tanzania. |
当他们被释放以后,我们离开南非流亡到肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚 |
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released:v.释放;使免除;已发布;(release的过去分词和过去式) refugees:n.避难者;逃亡者;难民;(refugee的复数)
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| Both were very young countries then, and full of hope for the future. |
那是都是非常年轻的国家 未来也都充满了希望 |
| We had an amazing childhood . Didn't have any money, but we were outdoors most of the time. |
我的童年十分奇妙,（虽然）没有太多钱 但是我们大部分时间都奔波在外 |
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childhood:n.童年;幼年;孩童时期
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| We had fantastic friends and we saw the wonders of the world, like Kilimanjaro , Serengeti and the Olduvai Gorge . |
我们结识了非常好的朋友,见识了世界的各种奇观 比如乞力马扎罗山（非洲最高峰）,塞伦盖蒂平原和奥杜威峡谷（著名人类化石产地） |
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fantastic:奇异的,空想的 Kilimanjaro:n.乞力马扎罗山(非洲最高峰); Serengeti:n.塞伦盖蒂平原(位于坦桑尼亚西北部); Gorge:n.峡谷;胃;暴食;咽喉;障碍物;vt.使吃饱;吞下;使扩张;vi.拚命吃;狼吞虎咽;
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| Well, then we moved to London for high school. |
然后我们搬去了伦敦,我在那里度过了高中 |
| And after that -- there's nothing much to say about that. |
再之后——这部分没有什么好讲的 |
| It was rather dull . But I came back to Africa at the age of 17, as a volunteer teacher to Lesotho, which is a tiny country, surrounded at that time by apartheid South Africa. |
（因为）这期间没有什么有趣的事情可以分享,不过我回到了非洲 在我17岁的时候,以志愿教师的身份 来到了一个小国家——莱索托 在那时候被种族隔离的南非所环绕 |
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dull:v.减轻; adj.枯燥无味的; volunteer:n.志愿者;志愿兵;adj.志愿的;v.自愿; apartheid:n.种族隔离;
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| Well, 80 percent of the men in Lesotho worked in the mines over the border, in brutal conditions. |
在莱索托,80%的男人 在国境之外的矿地上工作 生活在十分低劣的环境中 |
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brutal:adj.残忍的;野蛮的,不讲理的;
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| Nevertheless , I -- as I'm sure -- as a rather irritating young white man coming into their village, I was welcomed with incredible hospitality and warmth. |
然而,可以肯定的是,我以一个相当敏感的年轻白人的身份 来到了他们的村庄,（出乎我预料的是）,我得到了难以置信的热情款待 |
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Nevertheless:adv.然而,不过;虽然如此;conj.然而,不过; irritating:adj.惹人生气的;恼人的;使人生气的;v.使烦恼;刺激;(irritate的现在分词) hospitality:n.好客;殷勤;
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| But the kids were the best part. |
不过孩子们才是最令人印象深刻的 |
| The kids were amazing: extremely eager and often very bright. |
这些孩子们令我叹为观止:极度渴求（知识）,而且经常显露出十分聪颖的一面 |
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extremely:adv.非常,极其;极端地;
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| And I'm just going to tell you one story, which got through to me. |
我只需要向大家讲述一个故事（就可以证明） 我也通过它认识到了这个事实 |
| I used to try to take the kids outside as often as possible, to try to connect the academic stuff with the real world. |
我经常试着带孩子们尽可能多的走出去 试着将那些学术的东西和真实的世界联系起来 |
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academic:adj.学术的;理论的;学院的;n.大学生,大学教师;学者; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
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| And they weren't used to that. |
而且实际上他们很少得到这样的机会 |
| But I took them outside one day and I said, "I want you to estimate the height of the building." |
有一天我带他们出去,我说: 我希望大家能够估测出这座建筑的高度 |
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estimate:v.估计;估算;估价;n.估价;(对大小、数量、成本等的)估计;估计的成本;
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| And I expected them to put a ruler next to the wall, size it up with a finger, and make an estimate of the height. |
我当时期望他们会将尺子放在墙上 用手指估算尺子的倍数,继而得到高度的估测值 |
| But there was one little boy, very small for his age. |
不过有一个小男孩,对于他这个年龄段来说非常小 |
| He was the son of one of the poorest families in the village. |
他是这个村子中那些最穷人家的孩子 |
| And he wasn't doing that. He was scribbling with chalk on the pavement . |
他并没有那样做。他在拿起一根粉笔在人行道上乱画 |
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scribbling:n.预梳,乱涂;v.乱涂,乱写(scribble的现在分词形式); pavement:n.路面;人行道;石板铺的地面;
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| And so, I said -- I was annoyed -- I said, "What are you doing? |
于是,我问他——我当时很生气——说:“你在干什么？” |
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annoyed:adj.恼怒;生气;烦恼;v.使恼怒;使生气;打扰;骚扰(annoy的过去分词和过去式)
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| I want you to estimate the height of the building." |
我要的是你测这个建筑的高度 |
| He said, "OK. I measured the height of a brick. |
他说:“好的,我测出一块砖头的高度” |
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measured:adj.缓慢谨慎的; v.测量; (measure的过去分词和过去式)
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| I counted the number of bricks and now I'm multiplying ." |
而且已经数出砖头了的个数,现在,我正在把这二者相乘 |
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multiplying:n.繁殖;adj.乘法的;v.乘;繁殖;增加(multiply的ing形式);
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| Well -- (Laughter) -- I hadn't thought of that one. |
哦——（笑声）——我都没有想到这一招！ |
| And many experiences like this happened to me. |
我经历了很多像这种的事情 |
| Another one is that I met a miner . He was home on his three-month leave from the mines. |
还有一件事是,我有一次遇到了一个矿工。他是在家休假,矿地放三个月的假。 |
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miner:n.矿工;开矿机;
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| Sitting next to him one day, he said, "There's only one thing that I really loved at school. |
有一天他坐在我旁边对我说:“在学校我只对一件事情非常热衷。” |
| And you know what it was? Shakespeare ." And he recited some to me. |
“你知道是什么吗？莎士比亚。”他还给我背诵了几段。 |
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Shakespeare:n.莎士比亚(英国剧作家); recited:vt.背诵;叙述;列举;vi.背诵;叙述;
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| And these and many similar experiences convinced me that there are just tons of bright kids in Africa |
这两个以及许多相似的经历使我坚信 在非洲有非常非常多的聪明的孩子 |
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convinced:adj.坚信; v.使确信; (convince的过去分词和过去式)
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| - inventive kids, intellectual kids -- and starved of opportunity. |
有创造力的,高智力的孩子们 极度渴求（学习的）机会 |
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inventive:adj.发明的;有发明才能的;独出心裁的; intellectual:n.知识分子;脑力劳动者;adj.智力的;脑力的;理智的;有才智的;
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| And if Africa is going to get fixed, it's by them, not by us. |
如果说非洲将来会振兴,是由他们完成的,不是我们。 |
| Well, after -- (Applause) -- that's the truth. |
然后……（掌声）——事实就是这样。 |
| Well, after Lesotho, I traveled across Africa before returning to England |
在莱索托之后,我穿越旅行了非洲 在回到英格兰之前 |
| - so gray and depressing in comparison . |
对比之下非常灰暗和压抑 |
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depressing:adj.令人抑郁的; v.使沮丧; (depress的现在分词) comparison:n.比较;对比;相比;
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| And I went to Cambridge. And there, I fell for theoretical physics. |
之后我去了剑桥。就是在那里,我沉醉在理论物理学的世界里。 |
| Well, I'm not going to explain this equation , but theoretical physics is really an amazing subject. |
好吧,我并不准备解释这个等式 不过理论物理学确实是一个神奇的学科 |
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equation:n.方程式,等式;相等;[化学]反应式;
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| We can write down all the laws of physics we know in one line. |
我们可以将已知的所有物理定律写进一行之中 |
| And, admittedly , it's in a very shorthand notation . |
不可否认的是,这是用一组非常简化的符号表示的 |
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admittedly:adv.公认地;无可否认地;明白地; shorthand:n.速记;速记法;adj.速记法的; notation:n.符号;乐谱;注释;记号法;
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| And it contains 18 free parameters , |
这其中包含了18个自由参数 |
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parameters:n.决定因素;规范;范围;(parameter的复数)
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| OK, which we have to fit to the data. |
好吧,为了配合数据我们必须这样做 |
| So it's not the final story, but it's an incredibly powerful summary of everything we know about nature at the most basic level. |
所以,事情到这里并没有结束 不过这是对我们所有获得的所有知识的一种强力的总结,不可思议 关于自然,在最基本的层面之上。 |
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incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; summary:adj.简易的;扼要的;n.概要,摘要,总结; at the most:至多,不超过;
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| And apart from a few very important loose ends, which you've heard about here -- like dark energy and dark matter -- this equation describes -- seems to describe everything about the universe and what's in it. |
除了一些非常重要的成果——它们还有待进一步研究,想必大家都听说过了 比如暗物质和暗能量 这个等式描述了 似乎描述了关于宇宙的任何事情以及其中的奥秘 |
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loose:adj.宽松的; v.释放; v.松散地; n.放纵; dark matter:n.暗物质(根据一些理论,指太空中不反射光的物质); describes:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形;(describe的第三人称单数)
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| But there's one big puzzle remaining, and this was most succinctly put to me by my primary school math teacher in |
但是仍然存在一个很大的疑问。 这主要受到了我的小学老师的启发,非常简洁 |
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puzzle:n.谜;疑问;智力游戏;不解之谜;v.迷惑;使困惑; succinctly:adv.简洁地;简便地; primary school:小学;
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| Tanzania, who's a wonderful Scottish lady who I still stay in touch with. |
当我还在坦桑尼亚的时候,她是一位非常好的苏格兰女士 至今我仍与她保持联络 |
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stay in touch:保持联系;
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| And she's now in her 80s. |
如今她已经80多岁了 |
| And when I try to explain my work to her, she waved away all the details, and she said, "Neil, there's only one question that really matters. |
当我试着向她解释我的工作时,她摇了摇手抛开了所有的细节,她说: ”Neil,真正重要的只有一个问题。 |
| What banged ?" (Laughter) |
到底是什么东西爆炸了？”（笑声） |
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banged:v.猛敲;砰的关上;猛摔;砰地一扔;(bang的过去分词和过去式)
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| '"Everyone talks about the Big Bang. What banged?" |
“所有的人都在谈论大爆炸,可到底是什么东西爆炸了？” |
| And she's right. It's a question we've all been avoiding. |
她是对的。对于这个问题,我们一直都在回避。 |
| The standard explanation is that the universe somehow sprang into existence, full of a strange kind of energy |
公认的解释是宇宙不知为何的一下爆炸出来 充满了各种奇怪的能量 |
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standard:n.标准;水准;旗;度量衡标准;adj.标准的;合规格的;公认为优秀的; somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地;
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| - inflationary energy -- which blew it up. |
暴胀的能量——使得宇宙发生大爆炸 |
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inflationary:adj.通货膨胀的;通货膨胀倾向的;通货膨胀引起的;
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| But the puzzle of why the universe emerged in that peculiar state is completely unsolved . |
但是有一个疑问是,为什么宇宙会在那种特殊的状态下出现 这个问题完全无解 |
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emerged:v.(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现;暴露;露出真相;显现;(emerge的过去分词和过去式) peculiar:adj.特殊的;独特的;奇怪的;罕见的;n.特权;特有财产; unsolved:adj.未解决的;未解答的;
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| Now, I worked on that theory for a while , with Stephen Hawking and others. |
现在,我对那种理论的研究已经有一段时间了,和史蒂芬·霍金以及其他人 |
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for a while:adv.片刻;暂时;一会儿;一时; Hawking:n.利用鹰行猎;v.袭击;翱翔;攫取(hawk的现在分词);
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| But then I began to explore another alternative . |
不过之后我开始探索另一种可能性 |
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explore:v.探索:探测:探险: alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择;
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| The alternative is that the Big Bang wasn't the beginning. |
另一种可能性就是“大爆炸”并非开始。 |
| Perhaps the universe existed before the bang, and the bang was just a violent event in a pre-existing universe. |
也许在爆炸前宇宙就已经存在了。 大爆炸不过是在先已存在的宇宙中发生的一个剧烈事件而已。 |
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violent:adj.暴力的;猛烈的; pre-existing:adj.先已存在的;
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| Well, this possibility is actually suggested by the latest theories, the unified theories, which try to explain all those 18 free parameters in a single framework, which will hopefully predict all of them. |
这种可能性实际上已经被佐证了 被最新的理论,统一理论。 它试着解释那全部18个自由参数 在一个单一的框架中,这个框架有希望预测所有这些变量 |
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unified:adj.统一的;一致标准的;v.统一;使一致(unify的过去分词); predict:v.预报;预言;预告;
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| And I'll just share a cartoon of this idea here. |
我这里仅把这种想法以动画的形式表达 |
| It's all I can convey . According to these theories, there are extra dimensions in space, not just the three that we're familiar with, but at every point in the room there are more dimensions. |
这就是我要传达的全部信息。根据上述理论, 在宇宙中还有许多“维”,不仅仅只有我们所熟悉的三维空间, 实际在房间内的每一个点,都有更多的维度。 |
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convey:vt.传达;运输;让与; According to:根据,据说; extra:adj.额外的:n.额外的事物:adv.额外:另外: dimensions:n.规模,大小; familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友;
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| and in particular , there's one rather strange one, in the most elegant unified theories we have. |
而且特别的,有一个相当奇怪的例子。 这种情况在最严谨“统一理论”中也会出现。 |
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in particular:尤其,特别; elegant:adj.高雅的,优雅的;讲究的;简炼的;简洁的;
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| The strange one looks likes this: that we live in a three-dimensional world. |
这个奇怪的“维”像这个样子: 我们生活在一个三维的世界中。 |
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three-dimensional:adj.三维的;立体的;真实的;
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| We live in one of these worlds, and I can only show it as a sheet , but it's really three-dimensional. |
我们生活在一个像这样的三维世界中,虽然我只能以薄片状的形式显示。 不过它确实是三维的。 |
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sheet:n.薄板;床单;纸张;报纸;v.覆盖;展开;给…铺床单;铺开;adj.片状的;
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| And a tiny distance away, there's another sheet, also three-dimensional, and they're separated by a gap . |
在微小的距离之外,还有另外一个薄片。 同样也是三维的,它们被一条间隙所分隔开。 |
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gap:n.差距;间隙;缺口;间隔;v.使豁裂;豁开;
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| The gap is very tiny, and I've blown it up so you can see it. |
这个间隙非常微小,为了便于大家观看我把它放大了。 |
| But it's really a tiny fraction of the size of an atomic nucleus . |
但是它实际上只相当于一个原子核的一小部分那么大。 |
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fraction:n.分数;小部分;小数;少量; atomic:adj.原子的,原子能的;微粒子的; nucleus:n.核,核心;原子核;
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| I won't go into the details of why we think the universe is like this but it comes out of the math and trying to explain the physics that we know. |
我不会详细的说明为什么这是我们认为的宇宙的样子。 不过这是数学推算的结果,并试图解释我们已知的物理现象 |
| Well, I got interested in this because it seemed to me that it was an obvious question. |
我之所以对它感兴趣是因为,我很自然的产生了一个疑问。 |
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obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的;
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| Which is,what happens if these two, three-dimensional worlds should actually collide ? |
就是,如果这两个三维的世界实际上发生碰撞 那么结果会怎样？ |
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collide:vi.碰撞;抵触,冲突;vt.使碰撞;使相撞;
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| And if they collide, it would look a lot like the Big Bang. |
如果它们碰撞,就会和大爆炸十分相像。 |
| But it's slightly different than in the conventional picture. |
不过它和传统的设想有一点细微的不同。 |
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slightly:adv.些微地,轻微地;纤细地; different than:不同于; conventional:adj.符合习俗的,传统的;常见的;惯例的;
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| The conventional picture of the Big Bang is a point. |
传统的大爆炸源自于一个点。 |
| Everything comes out of a point; you have infinite density . And all the equations break down. |
万事万物都由这一个点衍生出来; 它具有无穷大的密度,没有任何的等式可言。 |
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infinite:adj.无限的,无穷的; n.无限; density:n.密度; equations:n.方程式;等式;均等;均势(equation的复数形式);
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| No hope of describing that. |
根本无法描述。 |
|
describing:v.描述;形容;把…称为;做…运动;(describe的现在分词)
|
| In this picture, you'll notice, the bang is extended . It's not a point. |
在这张图中,可以看到。 爆炸被扩充了。它不是一个点。 |
|
extended:adj.延长了的;扩展了的;v.使伸长;扩大;扩展;(extend的过去式和过去分词)
|
| The density of matter is finite, and we have a chance of a consistent set of equations that can describe the whole process . |
物质的密度是有限的,而且我们也有可能 获得一组一致的等式来描述整个过程。 |
|
consistent:adj.始终如一的,一致的;坚持的; process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
|
| So to cut a long story short, we've explored this alternative. |
所以总而言之,我们探索了这一种可能性。 |
|
explored:v.探索;勘探;考察;探险;(explore的过去式和过去分词)
|
| We've shown that it can fit all of the data that we have about the formation of galaxies , the fluctuations in the microwave background. |
我们已经表明它可以符合 所有关于银河系的形成的已知数据 以及在（宇宙）微波背景下的起伏现象。 |
|
formation:n.形成;编队;组成;队形; galaxies:n.银河; (galaxy的复数) fluctuations:n.[物]波动(fluctuation的复数);变动;起伏现象; microwave:n.微波;
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| Furthermore , there's an experimental way to tell this theory apart from the inflationary explanation that I told you before. |
另外,还有一种实验性的方法 来解释这种理论,除了我刚才讲过的膨胀解释方法。 |
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Furthermore:adv.此外;而且; experimental:adj.实验的;根据实验的;试验性的;
|
| It involves gravitational waves. |
这会涉及到引力波。 |
|
involves:v.包含;需要;牵涉;牵连;影响;(使)参加,加入(involve的第三人称单数) gravitational:adj.[力]重力的,[力]引力的;
|
| And in this scenario , not only was the Big Bang not the beginning, as you can see from the picture, it can happen over and over again . |
从这一点来看,不仅仅大爆炸不是开始。 （而且）如我们从屏幕上看到的, 它会不断重复的发生。 |
|
scenario:n.方案;情节;剧本; as you can see:正如你所看到的;你是知道的; over and over again:adv.一再地;反复不断地;
|
| It may be that we live in an endless universe, both in space and in time. |
有可能我们生活在一个无止境的宇宙中, 在空间和时间上都是。 |
|
endless:adj.无止境的;连续的;环状的;漫无目的的;
|
| And there's been bangs in the past, and there will be bangs in the future. |
过去发生过爆炸,将来也会有爆炸。 |
|
bangs:n.刘海; v.猛撞;
|
| And maybe we live in an endless universe. |
也许我们就是生活在一个无止境的宇宙中。 |
| Well, making and testing models of the universe is, for me, the best way I have of enjoying and appreciating the universe. |
那么,建立和测试宇宙模型, 对我来说,是我欣赏和赞叹宇宙的最好方式。 |
|
appreciating:v.欣赏;感激;感谢;理解(appreciate的现在分词)
|
| We need to make the best mathematical models we can, the most consistent ones. |
我们要尽全力去建立最好的数学模型, 最一致的。 |
|
mathematical:adj.数学的,数学上的;精确的;
|
| And then we scrutinize them, logically and with data. |
然后我们再用逻辑方法和数据仔细检测 |
|
scrutinize:vi.细阅;作详细检查;vt.详细检查;细看;n.仔细或彻底检查; logically:adv.逻辑上;合乎逻辑;
|
| And we try to convince ourselves -- we really try to convince ourselves they're wrong. |
然后再试图说服我们自己—— 我们确实是试图说服自己是错误的。 |
| That's progress: when we prove things wrong. |
这就是我们推翻设想的过程。 |
| And gradually , we hopefully move closer and closer to understanding the world. |
然后我们逐渐的,有希望的加深对世界的认识。 |
|
gradually:adv.渐渐地;逐步地;
|
| As I pursued my career , something was always gnawing away inside me. |
在我进行着自己的研究时,一直有一些事萦绕在我的心头。 |
|
pursued:v.追击,追踪;继续从事(pursue的过去分词形式); career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历; gnawing:adj.令人痛苦的;折磨人的;n.咬;不断的苦痛;v.咬;侵蚀;(gnaw的现在分词)
|
| What about Africa? |
非洲怎么办？ |
| What about those kids I'd left behind? |
我离开的那些孩子们怎么办？ |
| Instead of developing, as we'd all hoped in the '60s, things had got worse. |
在60年代,非洲不仅没有像我们所希望的那样发展。 反而陷入了更艰难的处境。 |
| Africa was gripped by poverty , disease and war. |
非洲被贫穷,疾病和战争所笼罩。 |
|
gripped:vt.紧咬,夹住;紧握(grip过去时形式); poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣; disease:n.病,[医]疾病;弊病;vt.传染;使…有病;
|
| This is very graphically shown by the Worldmapper website and project. |
Worldmapper这个网站和项目可以很生动的说明这个问题。 |
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graphically:adv.生动地;活灵活现地;用图表表示;轮廓分明地;
|
| And so the idea is to represent each country on a map, but scale the area according to some quantity . |
它的方法是在地图上表示每个国家, 不过地区的比例则是根据一些标准来确定。 |
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represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; quantity:n.量;数量;大量;数额;
|
| So here's just the standard area map of the world. |
现在这幅就是标准的世界地图。 |
| By the way , Africa is very large. |
顺便说一句,非洲占很大的一部分 |
|
By the way:顺便说一下;
|
| And the next map now shows Africa's GDP in 1960, around the time of independence for many African states. |
下面这幅地图显示了20世纪60年代非洲的GDP 那是正是非洲民族独立解放运动的高峰期。 |
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independence:n.独立;独立性;自恃心;独立不羁的精神;
|
| Now, this is 1990 and then 2002. And here's a projection for 2015. |
现在这个是1990年,然后是2002年。然后这是2015年的（预计）情况。 |
|
projection:n.投射;规划;突出;发射;推测;
|
| Big changes are happening in the world, but they're not helping Africa. |
世界正发生着巨变。 但是却与非洲无关。 |
| What about Africa's population? The population isn't out of proportion to its area, but Africa leads the world in deaths from often preventable causes: malnutrition , simple infections and birth complications. |
那么非洲的人口呢？人口和面积并非不成比例, 但是非洲却因为一些经常可以阻止的原因而居于世界死亡率前列。 营养不良,简单的传染病和出生并发症。 |
|
proportion:n.比例;部分;份额;均衡;v.摊派;使相称; preventable:adj.可预防的;可阻止的;可防止的; malnutrition:n.营养失调,营养不良; infections:n.传染病;口腔病害(infection复数形式);
|
| Then there's HIV/AIDS. And then there's deaths from war. |
这是艾滋病患者的比例,这是战争死亡数的比例。 |
| OK, currently there are 45,000 people a month dying in the Congo, as a consequence of the war there over coltan and diamonds and other things. |
目前刚果平均每月有45,000人死亡, 由于战争的原因 为了争夺钴,钻石以及其他的资源。 |
|
currently:adv.当前;一般地; consequence:n.结果;重要性;推论;
|
| It's still going on. |
而且现在还在继续 |
| What about Africa's capacity to do something about these problems? |
那么非洲应对这些问题的能力如何？ |
|
capacity:n.能力;容量;资格,地位;生产力;
|
| Well, here's the number of physicians in Africa. |
我们来看一下非洲的医生的数量 |
|
physicians:n.[内科]内科医生(physician的复数);
|
| Here's the number of people in higher education . |
这是接受高等教育的人数。 |
|
higher education:高等教育(指含大学以上的教育);
|
| And here -- most shocking to me -- the number of scientific research papers coming out of Africa. |
然后这里——最令我震惊的—— 非洲产生的科研论文的数量。 |
|
scientific:adj.科学的,系统的;
|
| It just doesn't exist scientifically . |
根本就不存在,科研方面的。 |
|
scientifically:adv.系统地;合乎科学地;学问上;
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| And this was all very eloquently argued at TED Africa: that all of the aid that's been given has completely failed to put Africa onto its own two feet. |
这些都在非洲的TED大会上被激烈的讨论过: 所有给予的援助, 都对非洲的发展和振兴毫无帮助。 |
|
eloquently:adv.善辩地;富于表现力地;
|
| Well, the transition to democracy in South Africa in 1994 was literally a dream come true for many of us. |
1994年,南非实现的民主转变 对于我们中的许多人来说简直就像是美梦成真一样。 |
|
transition:n.过渡;转变;变革;变迁;v.经历转变过程;过渡; democracy:n.民主,民主主义;民主政治; literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: dream come true:梦想成真;美梦成真;愿望成真;
|
| My parents were both elected to the first parliament , alongside Nelson and Winnie Mandela. They were the only other couple. |
我们的父母都被选举为首届国会的成员, 与曼德拉夫妇。他们是唯一的另一对夫妇。 |
|
parliament:n.议会,国会;
|
| And in 2001, I took a research leave to visit them. |
在2001年,我为做研究请假去拜访了他们。 |
| And while I was busy working -- I was working on these colliding worlds, in the day. |
在我忙于工作的同时——我在研究这个碰撞的模型,整天时间。 |
|
colliding:adj.对撞的;v.碰撞(collide的现在分词);冲突;n.碰撞;冲撞;
|
| And I learned that there was a desparate shortage of skills, especially mathematical skills, in industry, in government, in education. |
我意识到那里急缺有技能的人员。 尤其在数学方面,在工业界,政府,教育。 |
|
shortage:n.短缺;不足;缺少; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
|
| The ability to make and test models has become essential , not only to every single area of science today, but also to modern society itself. |
建立和测试模型的能力已经变得不可或缺, 不仅仅对当今科学的每一个领域, 对现代社会亦是如此。 |
|
essential:n.要点;要素;实质;必需品;adj.完全必要的;必不可少的;极其重要的;本质的;
|
| And if you don't have math, you're not going to enter the modern age. |
不掌握数学技能,就谈不上进入现代社会。 |
| So I had an idea. And the idea was very simple. |
于是我就有了一个想法,其实非常简单。 |
| The idea was to set up an African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, or AIMS. |
就是在非洲建立一个数学及相关科学的机构,或者简称为AIMS（首字母组合） |
|
Institute:v.开始(调查);制定;创立;提起(诉讼);n.学会,协会;学院;
|
| And let's recruit students from the whole of Africa, bring them together with lecturers from all over the world, and we'll try to give them a fantastic education. |
然后我们在全非洲范围内进行招生, 将他们和世界各地的学者们聚在一起 然后试图为他们提供极好的教育 |
|
recruit:n.新兵; v.吸收(新成员); (通过招募)组成; lecturers:n.讲师;演讲者(lecturer的复数);
|
| Well, as a Cambridge professor, I had many contacts . |
作为一名剑桥教授,我有良好的人脉。 |
|
contacts:v.联系,联络;(contact的第三人称单数)
|
| And to my astonishment , they backed me 100 percent. |
而且令我惊讶的是,他们对我的这一想法百分百支持。 |
|
astonishment:n.惊讶;令人惊讶的事物;
|
| They said, "Go and do it, and we'll come and lecture." |
他们说:“去做吧, 我们会去那里讲课的。” |
| And I knew it would be amazing fun to bring brilliant students from these countries, where they don't have any opportunities, together with the best lecturers in the world, who I knew would come, because of the interest in Africa. |
我知道这将是一件令人激动不已的事情,把来自 这些（教育）机会极度匮乏的国家的聪颖学生, 和世界上最棒的学者们汇聚在一起。 而且我也知道他们一定会来,出于对非洲的兴趣。 |
| And put them together and just let the sparks fly. |
就让他们相处在一起,碰撞出华丽的火花。 |
|
sparks:n.(船或飞机上的)无线电通信师;
|
| So we bought a derelict hotel near Cape Town. |
于是我们就在开普敦附近买下了一个废弃的旅馆。 |
|
derelict:adj.玩忽职守的;无主的;被抛弃了的;n.遗弃物;玩忽职守者;被遗弃的人; Cape:n.披肩;披风;短斗篷;地角;
|
| It's a 80-room Art Deco hotel from the 1920s. |
它始建于20世纪20年代,是一个有80房间的装饰艺术旅馆。 |
|
Art Deco:n.装饰派艺术(流行于20世纪20至30年代,呈几何图形,线条清晰,色彩鲜明);
|
| The area was kind of seedy , so we got a 80-room hotel for 100,000 dollars. |
由于那个地方有点简陋,所以我们用10万美元就买下了这个80个房间的旅馆。 |
|
seedy:adj.多种子的;结籽的;破烂的;没精打采的;下流的;
|
| It's a beautiful building. We decided we would refurbish it and then put out the word: we're going to start the best maths institute in Africa in this hotel. |
这个旅馆十分漂亮,我们决定再重新整修一番。 然后公开宣布: 我们要建立非洲最好的数学机构, 从这个旅馆开始。 |
|
refurbish:vt.刷新;再磨光; maths:数学(课)
|
| Well, the new South Africa is a very exciting country. |
现在的南非是一个焕然一新的国家。 |
| And those of you who haven't been there, you should go. |
如果大家之中还有人没有去过,你应该去看一看。 |
| It's very, very interesting what's happening. |
现在正在发生的事情非常非常有趣。 |
| And we recruited wonderful staff, highly motivated staff. |
而且我们招募到了很棒的机构成员, 他们的积极性都很高。 |
|
recruited:v.招聘,雇佣;招募;(recruit的过去分词和过去式) highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; motivated:adj.有动机的; v.使产生动机;
|
| The other thing that's happened, which was good for us, is the Internet. |
另一个正在发生的事情对我们也是一个好消息,那就是因特网。 |
| Even though the Internet is very expensive all over Africa, there are Internet cafes everywhere. |
尽管因特网在非洲还是一个奢侈的事物, 不过网吧随处可见。 |
|
cafes:n.咖啡馆(cafe的复数);
|
| And bright young Africans are desperate to join the global community , to be successful -- and they're very ambitious . |
非洲的青年才俊们极其渴望成为全球化的一份子, 使自己走向成功——而且他们的志向宏大。 |
|
desperate:adj.不顾一切的;令人绝望的;极度渴望的; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; ambitious:adj.野心勃勃的;有雄心的;热望的;炫耀的;
|
| They want to be the next Einstein. |
他们想成为下一个爱因斯坦。 |
| And so when word came out that AIMS was opening, it spread very quickly via e-mail and our website. |
于是当AIMS招生的消息传播出来以后, 它迅速的通过e-mail和网站被广泛宣传。 |
|
via:prep.通过;经由;n.道路;[医]管道;
|
| And we got lots of applicants . |
申请者也不计其数。 |
|
applicants:n.申请人(尤指求职、进高等学校等);(applicant的复数)
|
| Well, we designed AIMS as a 24-hour learning environment, and it was fantastic to start a university from the beginning. |
我们将AIMS设计成一个全天候的学习环境, 新办一所大学是一件美妙的事情。 |
| You have to rethink , what is the university for? |
你不得不重新思索:大学是为了什么？ |
|
rethink:v.重新考虑;再想;n.重新考虑;反思;新想法;
|
| And that's really exciting. |
这确实令人十分激动。 |
| So we designed it to have interactive teaching. |
因此我们将它设计成交互式教学的模式。 |
|
interactive:adj.合作的;相互影响的;互相配合的;交互式的;n.交互式视频设备;
|
| No droning on at the chalkboard . |
没有死板的灌输式教学。 |
|
droning:v.懒洋洋地说;嗡嗡响;(drone的现在分词) chalkboard:n.黑板;
|
| We emphasize problem-solving , working in groups, every student discovering and maximizing their own potential , and not chasing grades. |
我们强调问题解决导向,分组工作, 让每一个学生发现和最大程度的发掘自身潜能, 而不是追求分数。 |
|
emphasize:v.强调;重视;着重;使突出; problem-solving:adj.问题解决的;n.解决问题;找出问题的答案; maximizing:n.最大化;达到极大值;v.使…最大化;取…最大值(maximize的ing形式); potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的;
|
| Everyone lives together in this hotel, lecturers and students and it's not surprising at all to find an impromptu tutorial at 1:00 a.m. |
在这个旅馆中所有的人都住在一起,不论是老师还是学生, 而且如果在凌晨一点钟发现了即兴辅导,一点都不让人惊讶。 |
|
impromptu:n.即兴曲;即席演出;adv.即席地;adj.即席的; tutorial:adj.辅导的;家庭教师的,个别指导的;n.个别指导;
|
| The students don't usually leave the computer lab till 2:00 or 3:00 a.m. |
很多时候,学生们直到凌晨两点或三点才离开电脑室。 |
| And then they're up again for eight in the morning. |
而且8点钟又起床,开始新一天的学习。 |
| Lectures, problem solving and so on. It's an extraordinary place. |
听课,解决问题等等。这是个很棒的地方。 |
|
extraordinary:adj.非凡的;特别的;离奇的;临时的;特派的;
|
| We especially emphasize areas of great relevance to Africa's development, because in those areas scientists working in Africa will have a competitive advantage . |
我们特别强调那些和非洲的发展密切相关的领域, 因为在这些领域,工作在非洲的科学家将会获得竞争优势。 |
|
relevance:n.关联;适当;中肯; competitive:adj.竞争的;比赛的;求胜心切的; advantage:n.有利条件:优势:优点:
|
| They'll publish , be invited to conferences . |
他们会发表论文,会被邀请参加学术会议。 |
|
publish:v.出版;发表;公布; conferences:n.会议(conference的复数形式);
|
| They'll do well; they'll have successful careers . |
他们将做的很棒,他们将取得成功。 |
|
careers:n.职业(career的复数);事业;职业生涯;v.全速前进(career的三单形式);
|
| And AIMS has done extremely well. |
同时AIMS也取得了极大的成功。 |
| Here is a list of last year's graduates, graduated in June, and what they're currently doing, 48 of them. |
这是去年的毕业名单,6月份毕业, 以及他们目前的状况,这里有48个人的信息。 |
| And where they are is indicated over here. |
这里是目前他们的所在地点。 |
|
indicated:v.表明;显示;象征;暗示;示意;(indicate的过去分词和过去式)
|
| And where they've gone. So these are all postgraduate students. |
以及他们去过的地方。这些都是本科生。 |
|
postgraduate:n.研究生,研究所学生;adj.大学毕业后的;
|
| And they've all gone on to master's and Ph.D. degrees in excellent places. |
他们都选择了在优秀的学府继续深造硕士或博士。 |
| Five students can be educated at AIMS for the cost of educating one in the U.S. or Europe. |
在欧美培养一个学生的费用, 在AIMS可以培养五个学生。 |
| But more important, the pan-African student body is a continual source of strength, pride and commitment to Africa. |
更重要的是,泛非主义的学生, 是非洲强大,自豪和振兴的不竭源泉。 |
|
student body:全体学生;学生的总称; continual:adj.持续不断的;频繁的; source:n.来源;水源;原始资料; commitment:n.承诺;投入;保证;许诺;
|
| We illustrate AIMS' progress by coloring in the countries of Africa. |
我们用为国家标注不同颜色的方法展示AIMS的发展进度。 |
|
illustrate:v.解释;加插图于;给(书等)做图表;表明…真实;
|
| So here you can see behind this list. |
因此在这个名单的后面你可以看到。 |
| When a county is colored yellow: we've received an application; orange: we've accepted an application; and green: a student has graduated. |
当国家被黄色标注时,表示我们收到了申请; 橙色,表示我们同意了申请;绿色, 表示学生毕业。 |
|
county:n.郡,县;
|
| So here is where we were after the first graduation in 2004. |
所以当2004年第一届学生毕业以后,大致的情况如图所示。 |
| And we set ourselves a goal of turning the continent green. |
于是我们为自己定下的目标是将这个非洲大陆变成绿色。 |
|
continent:n.大陆,洲,陆地;adj.自制的,克制的;
|
| So there's 2005, -6, -7, -8. |
因此,2005年,06年,07年,08年。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| We're well on the way to achieving our initial goal. |
我们在实现最初目标的道路上顺利的前进着。 |
|
initial:adj.最初的; n.(名字的)首字母; v.用姓名的首字母作标记(或签名)于;
|
| We had some of the students filmed at home before they came to AIMS. |
我们让一些学生在家乡拍摄了一些视频,在他们来AIMS之前。 |
| And I'll just show you one. |
我现在就展示一段。 |
| Tendai Mugwagwa: My name is Tendai Mugwagwa. |
Tendai Mugwagwa:我的名字叫Tendai Mugwagwa。 |
| I have a Bachelor's of Science with Education degree. |
我拥有理学学士学位。 |
| I will be attending AIMS. |
我将要进入AIMS学习。 |
| My understanding of the course is that it covers quite a lot. |
我对这个课程的理解是它包罗万象。 |
| You know, from physics to medicine, in particular, epidemiology and also mathematical modeling. |
从物理学到医学, 尤其是,传染病学和数学建模。 |
|
epidemiology:n.流行病学;传染病学;
|
| Neil Turok: So Tendai came to AIMS and did very well. |
Neil Turok:Tendai进入了AIMS,表现的非常出色。 |
| And I'll let her take it from there. |
我让她在那里也拍摄了一段视频。 |
| TM: My name is Tendai Mugwagwa and I was a student at AIMS in 2003 and 2004. |
Tendai Mugwagwa: 我的名字叫Tendai Mugwagwa, 我于2003年和2004年之间在AIMS学习。 |
| After leaving AIMS, I went on to do a Master's in Applied Mathematics at the University of Cape Town in South Africa. |
离开AIMS之后,我继续攻读应用数学的硕士学位, 在南非的开普敦大学。 |
|
Applied:adj.应用的;实用的;v.应用;使用;申请,请求;(apply的过去分词和过去式) Mathematics:n.数学;数学运算;
|
| After that, I came to the Netherlands where I'm now doing a Ph.D. in Theoretical Immunology . |
之后,我来到了荷兰, 现在我在这里攻读理论免疫学的博士学位。 |
|
Immunology:n.[免疫]免疫学;
|
| Professor: Tendai is working very independently . |
教授:Tendai具有很好的独立研究的能力, |
|
independently:adv.独立地;自立地;
|
| She communicates well with the immunologists at the hospital, so all in all I have a very good Ph.D. student from South Africa. |
她和医院的免疫学家沟通的也非常融洽, 总而言之,我有一个非常优秀的南非博士生。 |
|
immunologists:n.免疫学者; all in all:总而言之;头等重要的东西;
|
| So I'm happy she's here. |
很高兴她在这里。 |
| NT: Another student in the first year of AIMS was Shehu. |
NT:另外一个AIMS第一年的学生是Shehu |
| And he's shown here with his favorite high school teacher. |
这张图里他和他最喜欢的高中老师在一起。 |
| And then entering university in northern Nigeria. |
然后他进入了尼日利亚北部的一所大学。 |
| And after AIMS, Shehu wanted to do high-energy physics, and he came to Cambridge. |
在完成了AIMS学习之后,Shehu希望从事高能物理学的研究, 然后他来到了剑桥。 |
|
high-energy:高能的;
|
| He's about to finish his Ph.D. |
他就要完成博士学位了。 |
| and he was filmed recently with someone you all know. |
他最近和一个大家都熟悉的人拍摄了一段视频。 |
|
recently:adv.最近;新近;
|
| Shehu: And from there we will be able to, hopefully, make better predictions and then we compare it to the graph and also make some predictions. |
Shehu:在那里我们就可以, 有希望的进行更好的预测,进而将它 绘制成线图,同样的做出一些预测。 |
|
predictions:n.预测,预言(prediction复数形式); compare:v.比较;对比;n.比较;
|
| Stephen Hawking: That is nice. |
Stephen Hawking:很好。 |
| NT: Here are the current students at AIMS. There are 53 of them from 20 different countries, including 20 women. |
NT:这些是目前在AIMS的学生,共53人, 来自20个不同的国家,包括20名女性。 |
| So now I'm going to get to my TED business. |
现在我们说说我的关于TED的事情。 |
| Well, we had a party. This is Africa -- we have good parties in Africa. And last month, they threw a surprise party for me. |
我们有派对。这是在非洲—— 我们有很棒的派对。上个月,他们为我举办了一个惊喜派对。 |
| Here's somebody you've seen already. |
这个人想必大家刚才都见过了。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| I want to point out a few other exceptional people in this picture. |
我想在这张照片中指出其他几位优秀的人。 |
|
exceptional:adj.异常的,例外的;n.超常的学生;
|
| So we were having a party, as you can see they're completely eclipsing me at this point. |
（这张照片中）我们在聚会, 显而易见在这时候他们已经完全把我比下去了。 |
|
eclipsing:v.重叠(eclipse的现在分词);
|
| This is Ezra. She's from Darfur . |
这是Ezra,她来自达尔富尔。 |
|
Darfur:n.达尔富尔(苏丹地名);
|
| She's a physicist, and somehow stays smiling, in spite of everything going on back home. |
她是一位物理学家,不知为何她总是保持微笑, 尽管家乡动荡不安。 |
|
in spite of:尽管;不管,不顾;
|
| But she wants to continue in physics and she's doing extremely well. |
但是她想继续从事物理研究而且她做的非常出色。 |
| This is Lydia. Lydia is the first ever woman to graduate in mathematics in the Central African Republic. |
这是Lydia。Lydia是有史以来第一位 从数学专业毕业的中非女性。 |
| And she's now at AIMS. (Applause) |
她现在在AIMS。（掌声） |
| So now let me get to our TED wish. |
现在我要讲到我们的TED愿望。 |
| Well, it's not my TED wish; it's our wish, as you've already gathered. |
它不是我的TED愿望;是我们的,大家应该已经猜出来了。 |
| And our wish has two parts: one is a dream and the other's a plan. OK. |
我们的愿望分成两部分: 一个梦想和一个计划。 |
| Our TED dream is that the next Einstein will be African. (Applause) |
我们的梦想就是下一个爱因斯坦将是非洲人。（掌声） |
| In striving for the heights of creative genius , we want to give thousands of people the motivation , the encouragement and the courage to obtain the high-level skills they need to help Africa. |
在不断追求顶级创造性天才的过程中, 我们力求给数以千计的非洲人以动力, 鼓励和勇气 来帮他们获得建设非洲所需的高等技能。 |
|
striving:n.努力;奋斗;v.努力;奋斗;力争;力求;(strive的现在分词) creative:adj.创造性的; genius:n.天才;天资;才能,本领; motivation:n.动机;积极性;推动; obtain:vi.获得;流行;vt.获得; high-level:adj.高级的;高阶层的;在高空的;
|
| Among them will be not only brilliant scientists -- |
他们之中将不仅仅有顶尖的科学家—— |
| I'm sure of that from what we've seen at AIMS -- they'll also be the African Gates, Brins and Pages of the future. |
从AIMS的情况看我可以肯定这一点—— 在未来也会出现非洲的盖茨,布林和佩奇。 |
| Well, I said we also have a plan. And our plan is quite simple. |
我谈到了我们也有一个计划。我们的计划十分简单。 |
| AIMS is now a proven model. |
AIMS现在已经树立了一个典范。 |
| And what we need to do is to replicate it. |
我们需要做的就是将其复制。 |
|
replicate:vt.复制; vi.重复; adj.复制的; n.复制品;
|
| We want to roll out 15 AIMS centers in the next five years, all over Africa. |
我们希望在未来的五年内发展15个AIMS中心,遍布非洲。 |
| Each will have a pan-African student body, but specialize in a different area of science. |
每一个中心都有一个泛非洲学生主体, 只是依据科学的不同领域将其细分。 |
|
specialize in:专门研究…;
|
| We want to use science to overcome the national and cultural barriers , as it does at AIMS. |
我们希望通过科学来克服国家和文化的障碍, 就像在AIMS中实现的那样。 |
|
overcome:vt.克服;胜过;vi.克服;得胜; cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; barriers:n.障碍;栅栏;篱笆墙(barrier的复数形式);
|
| And we want to add elements to the curriculum . |
我们希望在课程体系中加进一些元素。 |
|
elements:n.要素;基本部分;少量;一群;(element的复数) curriculum:n.课程;总课程;
|
| We want to add entrepreneurship and policy skills. |
我们希望加入企业家精神和处事技巧。 |
|
entrepreneurship:n.企业家精神; policy:n.政策,方针;保险单;
|
| The expanded AIMS will be a coherent pan-African institution , and its graduates will form a powerful network, working together for peace and progress across the continent. |
扩展后的AIMS将是一个统一的泛非洲复制, 它的毕业生将会形成强大的人际网络, 共同为这片土地的和平和进步而努力。 |
|
expanded:adj.扩充的;展开的;vt.扩大(expand的过去式); coherent:adj.连贯的,一致的;明了的;清晰的;凝聚性的;互相耦合的;粘在一起的; institution:n.制度;建立;(社会或宗教等)公共机构;习俗;
|
| Over the last year, we've been visiting sites in Africa, looking at potential sites for new AIMS centers. |
在去年期间, 我们拜访了非洲的许多地点, 为心的AIMS中心寻找潜在的据点。 |
|
sites:n.网站(site的复数);遗址,举办地点;v.使...位于(site的单三形式);
|
| And here are the ones we've selected. |
这里是我们已经选定的一些地点。 |
| And each of these centers has a strong local team, each is in a beautiful place, an interesting place, which international lecturers will be happy to visit. |
每一个地点在当地都有一支强大的队伍, 环境都很漂亮,很有趣, 各个国家的学者们将会十分乐意前往。 |
| And our partners across Africa are extremely enthusiastic about this. |
我们的非洲伙伴对这件事情都极度热情。 |
|
enthusiastic:adj.热情的;热心的;狂热的;
|
| Everyone wants an AIMS center in their country. |
每个人都想在他们的国家建立一个AIMS中心。 |
| And last November, the conference of all the African ministers of science and technology , held in Mombasa, called for a comprehensive plan to roll out AIMS. |
去年十一月, 非洲各国的科技部部长齐聚一堂, 在蒙巴萨,呼吁一个扩展AIMS的全面规划。 |
|
ministers:n.部长,大臣; v.辅助; (minister的第三人称单数和复数) technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; comprehensive:adj.综合的;广泛的;有理解力的;n.综合学校;专业综合测验;
|
| So we have political support right across the continent. |
所以我们在整个非洲大陆都有强有力的政治支持。 |
| It won't be easy. |
这不是一件容易的事。 |
| At every site there will be huge challenges. |
每一个地点都将面临严峻的挑战。 |
| Local scientists must play leading roles and governments must be persuaded to buy in. |
当地的科学家必须起到带头作用, 也必须说服政府进行财政投入。 |
|
persuaded:v.劝说;说服;使信服;使相信;(persuade的过去式和过去分词)
|
| Conditions are very difficult, but we cannot afford to compromise on those principles which made AIMS work. |
条件很艰苦, 但是我们不能在这些AIMS的核心观念上妥协。 |
|
afford:v.给予,提供;买得起; compromise:n.妥协;折中;互让;和解;v.妥协;违背(原则);达不到(标准);使陷入危险; principles:n.原则;主义;本质;政策;(principle的复数)
|
| And we summarize them this way: the institutes have got to be relevant , innovative , cost-effective and high quality. Why? |
我们可以这样总结: 这些机构必须要有相关性,创新性, 成本高效以及高质量。为什么？ |
|
summarize:v.总结;概述;概括;归纳; institutes:n.学院(institute的复数);v.建立(institute的第三人称单数形式); relevant:adj.相关的;切题的;中肯的;有重大关系的;有意义的,目的明确的; innovative:adj.革新的,创新的; cost-effective:adj.划算的;成本效益好的(等于cost-efficient);
|
| Because we want Africa to be rich. |
因为我们希望非洲变的富有。 |
| Easy to remember the basic rules we need. |
很容易记忆,这是我们所需要的基本原则。 |
| So, just in ending, let me say the only people who can fix Africa are talented young Africans. |
在结尾处,我想说的是,唯一能重建非洲的人们, 是年轻的非洲人才。 |
| By unlocking and nurturing their creative potential, we can create a step change in Africa's future. |
通过解放和培养他们的创造潜力, 我们可以在未来实现非洲的跨越式发展。 |
|
unlocking:v.(用钥匙)开…的锁;发现;揭示;揭开;(unlock的现在分词) nurturing:v.养育;培养;扶持;支持;助长;(nurture的现在分词) step change:n.巨大变化;显著进步(或改善);
|
| Over time they will contribute to African development and to science in ways we can only imagine. |
久而久之,他们对于非洲的发展 和科学将作出贡献将令我们叹为观止。 |
|
contribute to:有助于;捐献;
|
| Thank you. |
谢谢大家。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |