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NaomiKlein_2017G-_震撼事件如何能激发出正面的改变_
There's a question I've been puzzling over and writing about for pretty much all of my adult life. 有个问题我一直在伤脑筋, 也一直在写相关书籍, 我成年后的人生几乎都投入在此。
puzzling:adj.使为难的;费解的;v.迷惑;使困惑;(puzzle的现在分词)
Why do some large-scale crises jolt us awake and inspire us to change and evolve while others might jolt us a bit, but then it's back to sleep? 为什么有一些大规模的危机 会打醒我们 并鼓舞我们去改变和成长, 但其他的则只稍微 让我们震惊了一下, 然后一切就回复平静了？
large-scale:adj.大规模的,大范围的;大比例尺的; crises:n.危机,紧要关头;危险期(crisis的复数形式); jolt:vt.使颠簸;使震惊;使摇动;vi.摇晃;颠簸而行;n.颠簸;摇晃;震惊;严重挫折; inspire:v.激发;鼓舞;启示;产生;使生灵感; evolve:v.(使)逐渐形成;进化;进化形成;
Now, the kind of shocks I'm talking about are big -- a cataclysmic market crash, rising fascism , an industrial accident that poisons on a massive scale. 我在谈的震惊事件,是大型的── 灾难性的市场崩坏、 法西斯主义重新兴起、 造成大规模毒害的工業意外。
cataclysmic:adj.大变动的;洪水的; fascism:n.法西斯主义;极端国家主义; industrial:adj.工业的,产业的; n.工业股票; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的;
Now, events like this can act like a collective alarm bell. 像这样的事件, 可能会有集体警铃的功用。
collective:adj.集体的;共同的;集合的;集体主义的;n.集团;集合体;集合名词;
Suddenly, we see a threat, we get organized . 突然间,我们遇到威胁, 我们就会组织起来。
organized:adj.有组织的; v.组织; (organize的过去分词和过去式)
We discover strength and resolve that was previously unimaginable . 我们会发现先前 无法想像的力量和决心。
resolve:vt.决定; vi.解决; n.坚决; previously:adv.先前;以前; unimaginable:adj.不可思议的;难以想像的;
It's as if we're no longer walking, but leaping . 彷佛我们不再用走的,而是用跳的。
leaping:adj.跳跃的,跳跃而行的;n.跳跃;v.跳跃(leap的ing形式);
Except, our collective alarm seems to be busted . 不过,我们的集体警铃似乎坏掉了。
busted:adj.被当场逮住;v.打破;突击搜查;(使)降级;(bust的过去分词和过去式)
Faced with a crisis , we often fall apart , regress and that becomes a window for antidemocratic forces to push societies backwards, to become more unequal and more unstable . 面对危机时,我们通常 会四分五裂、会向后退, 那会为反民主势力打开一扇窗, 让它们把社会向后推, 变得更不平等、更不稳定。
crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的; fall apart:崩溃;土崩瓦解;破碎; regress:vi.逆行,倒退;复归;n.回归;退回;vt.使…倒退; unequal:adj.不平等的;不规则的;不胜任的;n.不等同的事物; unstable:adj.不稳定的;变化莫测的;(行为、情绪)反复无常的
Ten years ago, I wrote about this backwards process and I called it the "Shock Doctrine ." 十年前,我写了关于 这种倒退过程的书, 我把书名取为《震撼主义》。
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; Doctrine:n.主义;学说;教义;信条;
So what determines which road we navigate through crisis? 我们会走哪条路来通过危机, 是由什么决定的？
determines:v.查明;测定;准确算出;决定;裁决;安排;(determine的第三人称单数) navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空;
Whether we grow up fast and find those strengths or whether we get knocked back. 不论我们是否快速成长 并找到那些力量, 或不论我们是否被打回来。
And I'd say this is a pressing question these days. 我会说这是近期一个很迫切的问题。
Because things are pretty shocking out there. 因为,外头的状况是挺震撼的。
Record-breaking storms, drowning cities, record-breaking fires threatening to devour them, thousands of migrants d isappe aring beneath the wa ves. 破记录的暴风、被淹没的城市、 破记录的大火威胁要将城市吞噬, 数以千计的移民者消失在大浪下。
Record-breaking:adj.破纪录的;n.破纪录; drowning:v.溺水;淹没;淹死,溺死;浸泡;(drown的现在分词)
And openly supremacist movements rising, in many of our countries there are torches in the streets. 公开的种族优越运动兴起, 许多国家都在发生, 甚至在街头出现火炬。
supremacist:n.至上主义者;adj.至上主义者的; torches:n.电筒; v.放火;
And now there's no shortage of people who are sounding the alarm. 一直都有人在响起警铃。
shortage:n.短缺;不足;缺少;
But as a society, I don't think we can honestly say that we're responding with anything like the urgency that these overlapping crises demand from us. 但我们这个社会, 我认为我们无法老实说 我们的反应是带着迫切性的, 但这些部分重迭的危机 却很需要我们的迫切反应。
responding:v.响应;作出反应;反应灵敏;(respond的现在分词) urgency:n.紧急;催促;紧急的事; overlapping:v.(物体)部分重叠,交叠;使部分重叠;(overlap的现在分词)
And yet, we know from history that it is possible for crisis to catalyze a kind of evolutionary leap. 然而,我们从历史得知, 危机有可能催化一种进化的跃进。
catalyze:vt.催化;刺激,促进; evolutionary:adj.进化的;发展的;渐进的;
And one of the most striking examples of this progressive power of crisis is the Great Crash of 1929. 若要说明危机的革新力量, 最突出的例子之一 就是 1929 年的华尔街股灾。
progressive:adj.进步的;先进的;开明的;稳步的;n.进步人士;开明人士;改革派;
There was the shock of the sudden market collapse followed by all of the aftershocks , the millions who lost everything thrown onto breadlines . 市场突然崩盘带来震撼, 接着便是所有的余震, 数百万人失去一切, 被丢到等待救济食物的队伍中。
collapse:vi.倒塌;瓦解;暴跌;vt.使倒塌,使崩溃;使萎陷;折叠;n.倒塌;失败;衰竭; aftershocks:n.[地震]余震(aftershock的复数); breadlines:n.等待分配救济食物的队伍;
And this was taken by many as a message that the system itself was broken. 许多人把这件事当作是个讯息: 体制本身就已经损坏。
And many people listened and they leapt into action. 说多人听进去了, 且他们跳出来采取行动。
leapt:v.跳跃(leap的过去分词);
In the United States and elsewhere , governments began to weave a safety net so that the next time there was a crash there would be programs like social security to catch people. 在美国和其他地方, 政府开始编织一张安全网, 这么一来,下次再发生崩盘, 会有像社会保障之类的计画 来接住摔落的人。
United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) elsewhere:adv.在别处;到别处; weave:v.编,织;(用…)编成;编造(故事等);n.织法;编法;编织式样; safety net:n.安全保障;为防止人摔落而设置的安全网; social security:n.社会保障金(政府定期向贫穷、失业、患病等人发放);
There were huge job-creating public investments in housing, electrification and transit . 有大量能创造就業机会的公共投资, 投入住房供给、电气化,以及运输。
investments:n.[经]投资,投资的财产;投资学;(investment的复数) electrification:n.电气化;带电;充电; transit:n.运输;经过;v.运送;经过;
And there was a wave of aggressive regulation to reign in the banks. 还有一波积极强硬的规制, 在银行中都可见到。
aggressive:adj.侵略性的;好斗的;有进取心的;有闯劲的; regulation:n.规则;法规;控制;规章制度;adj.规定的;必须穿戴的;必须使用的; reign:vi.统治;支配;盛行;君临;n.统治;统治时期;支配;
Now, these reforms were far from perfect. 这些改革离完美还很遥远。
reforms:n.改革(reform的复数);v.改革(reform的单数第三人称);
In the US, African American workers, immigrants and women were largely excluded . 在美国,非裔美国工人、 移民者以及女性 几乎都被排除在外。
African American:非洲裔美国人(指美国黑人); immigrants:n.移民(immigrant的复数); largely:adv.主要地;大部分;大量地; excluded:v.排除;拒绝;把…除外;驱除;(excluded是exclude的过去分词)
But the Depression period, along with the transformation of allied nations and economies during the World War II effort, show us that it is possible for complex societies to rapidly transform themselves in the face of a collective threat. 但蕭条时期, 加上在二次大战时努力造成的 让我们看见,复杂的社会是有可能 在面临集体威胁时 快速地转变它们自己。
Depression:n.沮丧;洼地;不景气;忧愁; transformation:n.转变;(用于南非)民主改革; allied:adj.联合的;同盟的;与…同属一系;v.联合(ally的过去分词); economies:n.经济;经济结构;节约;(economy的复数) complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; in the face of:面对;
Now, when we tell this story of the 1929 Crash, that's usually the formula that it follows -- that there was a shock and it induced a wake-up call and that produced a leap to a safer place. 当我们在诉说 1929 年 股灾的故事时, 通常都会循着一条公式── 先有一个震撼事件发生, 它会导致一个警讯, 那就会产生一次跃进, 进到一个更安全的地方。
formula:n.公式; adj.(赛车)方程式的(指赛车要符合规定的体积,重量及汽缸容量等); induced:adj.感应的;诱发型;v.引诱;说服(induce的过去分词); wake-up call:叫醒电话;叫醒服务;警钟;唤醒服务;
Now, if that's really what it took, then why isn't it working anymore? 如果真的只要这样就可以了, 为什么它不再有用了？
Why do today's non-stop shocks -- why don't they spur us into action? 为什么现今不停歇地出现震撼事件── 为什么它们不会鞭策我们采取行动？
non-stop:adj.直达的;中途不停的;adv.不停地; spur:v.刺激;激励;促进;鞭策;n.刺激;激励;鞭策;靴刺;
Why don't they produce leaps ? 为什么它们不会产生跃进？
leaps:n.跳跃,剧增,急变(leap的复数);v.跳跃;急速进步(leap的三单形式);
Especially when it comes to climate change. 特别是气候变迁这个议题。
Especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
So I want to talk to you today about what I think is a much more complete recipe for deep transformation catalyzed by shocking events. 所以,今天我想和各位谈的, 是我认为更完整的诀窍, 由震撼事件来催化 深刻转变的诀窍。
recipe:n.食谱;方法;诀窍;烹饪法; catalyzed:催化;
And I'm going to focus on two key ingredients that usually get left out of the history books. 我会把焦点放在两个主要的要素上, 这两个要素通常 都会被史书给遗漏掉。
ingredients:n.成分;(尤指烹饪)原料;(成功的)要素;(ingredient的复数)
One has to do with imagination , the other with organization . 第一个要素和想像有关, 另一个则和组织有关。
imagination:n.想象;想象力;创造力;想象的事物; organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体;
Because it's in the interplay between the two where revolutionary power lies. 因为革命性的力量就位在 这两者的相互影响中。
interplay:n.相互影响,相互作用;vi.相互影响,相互作用; revolutionary:adj.革命性的;革命的;彻底变革的;n.改革者;革命者;
So let's start with imagination. 让我们从想像开始。
The victories of the New Deal didn't happen just because suddenly everybody understood the brutalities of laissez-faire . 罗斯福新政之所以能成功, 并不是因为突然间 所有人都了解了放任政策的残酷。
brutalities:n.无情;残忍;暴行(需用复数形式); laissez-faire:n.放任政策;不干涉主义;adj.自由放任的;放任主义的;
This was a time, let's remember, of tremendous ideological ferment , when many different ideas about how to organize societies did battle with one another in the public square. 回想一下,那是个 意识形态骚动很严重的时期, 许多关于如何组织社会的不同构想 都在公开广场上彼此对打。
tremendous:adj.极大的,巨大的;惊人的;极好的; ideological:adj.思想的;意识形态的; ferment:n.发酵;酵素;动乱;vi.发酵;动乱;vt.使发酵;酝酿;使动乱;
A time when humanity dared to dream big about different kinds of futures, many of them organized along radically egalitarian lines. 那个时期,针对不同的未来, 人类敢于大胆做梦, 其中有许多本质上是以 平等主义的方式组织而成的。
humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科; radically:adv.根本上;彻底地;以激进的方式; egalitarian:adj.平等主义的;n.平等主义;平等主义者;
Now, not all of these ideas were good but this was an era of explosive imagining. 这些构想并非全都是好的, 但这个时代的确是 想像力爆发的时代。
era:n.新时期;纪元;年代;新时代; explosive:n.炸药;爆炸物;adj.易爆炸的;可能引起爆炸的;易爆发的;可能引起冲动的;
This meant that the movements demanding change knew what they were against -- crushing poverty , widening inequality -- but just as important, they knew what they were for. 这意味着,诉求改变的那些运动 知道它们在对抗的是什么── 压倒性的贫穷、越来越广的不公平── 但同样重要的是, 它们也知道目的是为了什么。
crushing:adj.惨重的,毁坏性的;v.压碎;压坏;压伤;挤压变形;(crush的现在分词) poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣; widening:v.(使)变宽;拓宽;(使)扩展,程度加深,范围扩大;(widen的现在分词)
They had their "no" and they had their "yes," too. 它们有它们的「不行」, 也有它们的「可以」。
They also had very different models of political organization than we do today. 至于它们的政治组织模型 也和我们现今的非常不同。
For decades, social and labor movements had been building up their membership bases, linking their causes together and increasing their strength. 数十年来,社会和劳工运动 一直在扩大它们的成员数, 将它们的理想连结在一起增加力量。
membership:n.成员资格;(统称)会员;会员人数;
Which meant that by the time the Crash happened, there was already a movement that was large and broad enough to, for instance , stage strikes that didn't just shut down factories, but shut down entire cities. 这就表示,到了股灾发生的时候, 已经有一个够大、够广的运动, 可以比如,筹划罢工, 且规模大到不只是让工厂停摆, 还能让整个城市都停摆。
instance:n.实例;情况;建议;v.举...为例;
The big policy wins of the New Deal were actually offered as compromises . 罗斯福新政在政策上的大胜利, 其实是提供出来的妥协。
policy:n.政策,方针;保险单; compromises:n.妥协; v.妥协;
Because the alternative seemed to be revolution. 因为替代方案似乎就是革命了。
alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择;
So, let's adjust that equation from earlier. 让我们调整先前提出的公式。
adjust:v.调整;调节;适应;习惯; equation:n.方程式,等式;相等;[化学]反应式;
A shocking event plus utopian imagination plus movement muscle , that's how we get a real leap. 震撼事件＋乌托邦想像＋ 运动力量, 这样我们就能得到真正的跃进。
utopian:adj.乌托邦的;空想的;理想化的;n.空想家;乌托邦的居民; muscle:n.肌肉;力量;v.加强;使劲搬动;使劲挤出;
So how does our present moment measure up ? 我们目前的状况符合这个标准吗？
measure up:合格;符合标准;
We are living, once again, at a time of extraordinary political engagements . 我们所处的时代也是个 政治参与度很惊人的时代。
extraordinary:adj.非凡的;特别的;离奇的;临时的;特派的; engagements:n.订婚;订婚期间;约定,约会;战斗;(engagement的复数)
Politics is a mass obsession . 大众对政治着迷。
Politics:n.政治;钩心斗角;政治观点;v.(贬)从事政治活动;(politic的第三人称单数) obsession:n.痴迷;困扰;[内科][心理]强迫观念;
Progressive movements are growing and resisting with tremendous courage. 革新运动在成长, 带着极大的勇气在抵抗。
resisting:adj.稳定的;坚固的;v.抵抗;忍住(resist的现在分词);
And yet, we know from history that "no" is not enough. 然而,我们从历史知道, 「不行」是不够的。
Now, there are some " yeses " out there that are emerging . 确实在外头有一些「可以」正在浮现。
yeses:adv.是,是的;n.是(表示肯定); emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词)
And they're actually getting a lot bolder quickly. 它们其实以很快的速度 在变得更无畏。
bolder:adj.突出的;大胆的;更粗;(bold的比较级)
Where climate activists used to talk about changing light bulbs , now we're pushing for 100 percent of our energy to come from the sun, wind and waves, and to do it fast. 以前气候激进分子谈的是换电灯泡, 现在我们奋力追求的是 要让我们的能源 100% 来自太阳能、风力和海水, 且要尽快实现。
bulbs:n.[电]灯泡;[植]鳞茎;大浇斗(bulb的复数);
Movements catalyzed by police violence against black bodies are calling for an end to militarized police, mass incarceration and even for reparations for slavery . 警察对黑人的暴力行为 所催化的时刻 在号召要终止警察的 军事化、大规模监禁, 甚至呼吁对奴隶制进行赔偿。
violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲; militarized:adj.军事化的; v.军队化,军国化,鼓吹军国主义(militarize的过去式和过去分词形式); incarceration:n.监禁;下狱;禁闭; reparations:n.赔款;赔偿;弥补;补偿;(reparation的复数) slavery:n.奴隶制;奴隶身份;蓄奴;adj.流口水的;被口水弄脏的;
Students are not just opposing tuition increases, but from Chile to Canada to the UK, they are calling for free tuition and debt cancellation . 学生不只是反对学费上涨, 从智利到加拿大,再到英国, 他们还诉求免学费和免除还款。
opposing:adj.对立的; v.反对(计划、政策等); (oppose的现在分词) tuition:n.指导;(尤指大专院校的)学费; debt:n.债务;借款;罪过; cancellation:n.取消;删除;
And yet, this still doesn't add up to the kind of holistic and universalist vision of a different world than our predecessors had. 然而,这仍然不符合 我们先人有的那种远景, 希望有个不同世界的整体普救远景。
holistic:adj.整体的;全盘的; universalist:n.信普救说者;普遍主义者;adj.普救说的; vision:n.视力;美景;幻象;想象力;v.想象;显现;梦见; predecessors:n.前任(predecessor的复数);
So why is that? 为什么会这样？
Well, very often we think about political change in defined compartments these days. 现在,通常当我们思考政治改变时, 是用定义好的区隔分类来思考的。
defined:adj.有定义的,确定的; v.使明确; compartments:n.隔间;分隔间,隔层;(compartment的复数)
Environment in one box, inequality in another, racial and gender justice in a couple of other boxes, education over here, health over there. 一类是环境,另一类是不公平, 种族与性别正义则是属于其他几类, 教育在这里,健康在那里。
racial:adj.种族的;人种的; gender:n.性别; justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判;
And within each compartment, there are thousands upon thousands of different groups and NGOs, each competing with one another for credit, name recognition and of course, resources . 在每一个分类当中, 有成千上万个不同的 团体和非政府组织, 彼此竞争,争功劳、知名度, 当然也争资源。
competing:adj.相互冲突的;相互矛盾的;v.竞争;对抗;参加比赛;(compete的现在分词) recognition:n.识别;认识;承认;认可; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
In other words, we act a lot like corporate brands . 换言之,我们的行为 和企業品牌很像。
corporate:adj.公司的;组成公司(或团体)的;法人的;社团的; brands:n.品牌;烙印(brand的复数);v.加商标于;铭刻于(brand的第三人称单数);
Now, this is often referred to as the problem of silos . 通常,这被称为是谷仓问题。 （注:过度分工成独立小团体）
referred:v.提到;引用;认为;指示;涉及;(refer的过去式和过去分词) silos:n.筒仓;粮仓;贮仓(silo的复数);
Now, silos are understandable . 谷仓是可以理解的。
understandable:adj.可以理解的;可以了解的;
They carve up our complex world into manageable chunks . 谷仓把我们的复杂世界 划分成区块,比较能处理得来。
carve:vt.雕刻;切开;开创;vi.切开;做雕刻工作; manageable:adj.易管理的;易控制的;易办的; chunks:n.厚块;大块;相当大的量;组块;(chunk的复数)
They help us feel less overwhelmed . 谷仓让我们不会觉得那么无法招架。
overwhelmed:v.受打击,压倒;淹没;(overwhelm的过去分词和过去式)
But in the process, they also train our brains to tune out when somebody else's issue comes up and when somebody else's issue needs our help and support. 但在过程中,谷仓同时 也训练我们的大脑, 在听到其他人的问题时、
tune:n.曲调;和谐;心情;v.调整;使一致;为…调音;调谐; issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行;
And they also keep us from seeing glaring connections between our issues . 谷仓也让我们无法看见 我们的问题之间有着明显的连结。
issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
So for instance, the people fighting poverty and inequality rarely talk about climate change. 比如,对抗贫穷和不公平的人, 他们很少会谈气候变迁。
rarely:adv.很少地;难得;罕有地;
Even though we see time and again that it's the poorest of people who are the most vulnerable to extreme weather. 即使我们一而再、再而三地看到, 在极端气候威胁下, 最容易受伤的人是最贫穷的人。
time and again:adv.屡次;常常; vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的; extreme:adj.极端的;极度的;偏激的;尽头的;n.极端;末端;最大程度;极端的事物;
The climate change people rarely talk about war and occupation . 气候变迁的人很少会谈战争和职業。
occupation:n.职业;占领;占用;工作;
Even though we know that the thirst for fossil fuels has been a major driver of conflict . 即使我们知道对于化石燃料的渴望 一直都是主要的战争冲突起因。
fossil:n.化石;老人;老古董;adj.从地下发掘出来的;化石的;属于旧时代的;陈腐的; conflict:n.冲突;矛盾;争执;抵触;v.抵触;
The environmental movement has gotten better at pointing out that the nations that are getting hit hardest by climate change are populated overwhelmingly by black and brown people. 环境运动也开始会点出 受到气候变迁影响最大的国家 是拥有大量黑色和棕色人种的国家。
populated:v.生活于; overwhelmingly:adv.压倒性地;不可抵抗地;
But when black lives are treated as disposable in prisons, in schools and on the streets, these connections are too rarely made. 但当黑人的生命在监狱、学校 和街头可被舍弃, 这些几乎不被连结起来。
treated:v.以…态度对待;把…看作;(treat的过去分词和过去式) disposable:adj.可任意处理的;可自由使用的;用完即可丢弃的;
The walls between our silos also means that our solutions, when they emerge , are also disconnected from each other. 谷仓之间有墙壁隔开, 也就表示当解决方案出现时, 也彼此互不连结。
emerge:v.浮现;显现;暴露;露出真相; disconnected:adj.分离的; v.切断(煤气、水或电的供应); (disconnect的过去式和过去分词)
So progressives now have this long list of demands that I was mentioning earlier, those "yeses." 所以,进步分子现在有张很长的 需求清单,我刚刚已经提过, 就是那些「可以」。
progressives:n.进步派;进步人士(progressive的复数形式);进步论者;
But what we're still missing is that coherent picture of the world we're fighting for. 但对于我们在努力争取的世界, 我们仍然缺少一致相连的整体全景。
coherent:adj.连贯的,一致的;明了的;清晰的;凝聚性的;互相耦合的;粘在一起的;
What it looks like, what it feels like, and most of all, what its core values are. 它看起来、感觉起来是什么样子？ 更重要的,它的核心价值是什么？
core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核;
And that really matters. 那真的很要紧。
Because when large-scale crises hit us and we are confronted with the need to leap somewhere safer, there isn't any agreement on what that place is. 因为当我们遇到大规模危机, 需要跳跃到更安全的地方时, 对于那个地方是哪里, 却无法取得一致意见。
confronted:v.使…无法回避;降临于;处理;面对;对抗;(confront的过去分词和过去式)
And leaping without a destination looks a lot like jumping up and down. 而没有目的就跳跃, 看起来很像就只是上下跳而已。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Fortunately , there are all kinds of conversations and experiments going on to try to overcome these divisions that are holding us back. 幸运的是,目前还是有各种 正在进行中的对话和实验, 在试图克服这些 让我们无法向前行的分隔。
Fortunately:adv.幸运地; overcome:vt.克服;胜过;vi.克服;得胜; divisions:n.分开;分隔;分配;除(法);不和;差异;(division的复数)
And I want to finish by talking about one of them. 我想谈其中一种, 当作这场演说的结尾。
A couple of years ago, a group of us in Canada decided that we were hitting the limits of what we could accomplish in our various silos. 几年前,在加拿大,我们有一群人 认定我们在各式各样的谷仓中, 成就都已经达到了能达到的极限。
accomplish:v.完成;实现;达到;
So we locked ourselves in a room for two days, and we tried to figure out what bound us together. 所以我们把自己 锁在一间房间中两天, 我们试图想出有什么办法 可以让我们团结在一起。
bound:n.跳跃:v.跳跃着跑:形成…的边界(或界限)adj.一定会:很可能会:
In that room were people who rarely get face to face. 在那间房间中的人, 是很少面对面的人。
There were indigenous elders with hipsters working on transit. 有原住民长老和消息灵通的人 一起努力解决运输问题。
indigenous:adj.本土的;土著的;国产的;固有的; hipsters:n.时髦人群;穿低腰裤者(hipster的复数);
There was the head of Greenpeace with a union leader representing oil workers and loggers . 有绿色和平的领导人 和石油工人与伐木工人的工会代表。
Greenpeace:n.绿色和平组织(保护动物不遭捕猎等); representing:v.代表;维护…的利益;等于;相当于;(represent的现在分词) loggers:n.伐木工人(logger的复数形式);
There were faith leaders and feminist icons and many more. 有宗教领袖及女性主义 代表人物,及许多其他的。
faith:n.信心;信任;宗教信仰; feminist:n.男女平等主义者;adj.主张男女平等的;
And we gave ourselves a pretty ambitious assignment : agreeing on a short statement describing the world after we win. 我们给自己订了一个 很有野心的任务: 取得一致的意见,用一段简短陈述 来描述我们获胜之后的世界。
ambitious:adj.野心勃勃的;有雄心的;热望的;炫耀的; assignment:n.分配:(分派的)工作,任务: statement:n.声明;陈述,叙述;报表,清单; describing:v.描述;形容;把…称为;做…运动;(describe的现在分词)
The world after we've already made the transition to a clean economy and a much fairer society. 在我们已经转换到干净经济 并让社会更公平之后的世界。
transition:n.过渡;转变;变革;变迁;v.经历转变过程;过渡; economy:n.经济;节约;理财;
In other words, instead of trying to scare people about what will happen if we don't act, we decided to try to inspire them with what could happen if we did act. 也就是说, 不再用「若我们不采取行动会怎样」 来恐吓人们了, 我们决定要试着用 「若我们采取行动会怎样」来鼓舞他们。
Sensible people are always telling us that change needs to come in small increments . 理性的人总是会告诉我们, 改变要能成功,必须要一点一点改。
Sensible:adj.明智的; n.可感觉到的东西; increments:n.[数]增量(incremment的复数);增加数;
That politics is the art of the possible and that we can't let the perfect be the enemy of the good. 政治是可能性的艺术, 我们不能让「完美」成为「好」的敌人。
Well, we rejected all of that. 我们摒弃那一切。
rejected:adj.被拒的;不合格的;v.拒绝,驳回;(reject的过去式和过去分词)
We wrote a manifesto , and we called it "The Leap." 我们写了一份宣言, 我们叫它「跃进」。
manifesto:n.宣言;声明;告示;
I have to tell you that agreeing on our common "yes" 我得告诉各位,要对于我们 共同的「可以」取得共识,
across such diversity of experiences and against a backdrop of a lot of painful history was not easy work. 在大家的经验都很不一样的情况下, 且都有许多痛苦往事的背景之下, 真的很不容易。
diversity:n.差异(性):多样性:多样化: backdrop:n.背景;背景幕;交流声; painful:adj.痛苦的;疼痛的;令人不快的;
But it was also pretty thrilling . 但它也非常令人兴奋。
thrilling:adj.惊心动魄的; v.使非常兴奋; (thrill的现在分词)
Because as soon as we gave ourselves permission to dream, those threads connecting much of our work became self-evident . 因为一旦我们允许我们自己去梦想, 将我们的努力结合起来的 连结线就会不证自明。
as soon as:一…就; threads:n.线; v.穿(针); (thread的第三人称单数和复数) self-evident:adj.不言而喻的;不证自明的;
We realized, for instance, that the bottomless quest for profits that is forcing so many people to work more than 50 hours a week, without security, and that is fueling this epidemic of despair 比如,我们知道 对于利益的无穷尽追求 迫使许多人必须要 每周工作超过五十小时, 没有保障, 助长绝望的传播。
bottomless:adj.无底的;深不可测的;难解的;取之不尽的; quest:n.追求;寻找;vi.追求;寻找;vt.探索; profits:n.利润; v.获益; (profit的第三人称单数和复数) epidemic:n.流行病;蔓延;adj.传染病;流行性的; despair:v.绝望;失去希望;丧失信心;n.绝望;
is the same quest for bottomless profits and endless growth that is at the heart of our ecological crisis and is destabilizing our planet. 而我们的生态危机的核心, 它是地球动荡的元兇。
endless:adj.无止境的;连续的;环状的;漫无目的的; ecological:adj.生态的,生态学的; destabilizing:v.使动摇;使不稳定;(destabilize的现在分词)
It also became clear what we need to do. 我们需要做什么？答案变得很清楚。
We need to create a culture of care-taking. 我们需要创造一种照顾的文化。
In which no one and nowhere is thrown away. 在这种文化中,没有任何人、 任何地方会被抛弃。
nowhere:v.无处; n.无处; adj.不存在的;
In which the inherent value of all people and every ecosystem is foundational . 这种文化中的基础,是所有人 及每个生态系统的固有价值。
inherent:adj.固有的;内在的;与生俱来的,遗传的; ecosystem:n.生态系统; foundational:adj.基础的;基本的;
So we came up with this people's platform , and don't worry, I'm not going to read the whole thing to you out loud -- if you're interested, you can read it at theleap.org. 所以我们提出了 这个属于人民的平台, 别担心,我不会把全部内容 都大声读给各位听── 如果你有兴趣,可以到 theleap.org 去看全文。
platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处;
But I will give you a taste of what we came up with. 但我会让各位浅尝一下, 了解我们提出的是什么。
So we call for that 100 percent renewable economy in a hurry, but we went further. 我们诉求 100% 的可再生经济, 且要尽快达成, 我们还再进了一步。
renewable:adj.可再生的;可更新的;可继续的;n.再生性能源;
Calls for new kinds of trade deals, a robust debate on a guaranteed annual income, full rights for immigrant workers, getting corporate money out of politics, free universal day care, electoral reform and more. 我们也诉求要有新的贸易协定、 针对年收入保障做健全的辩论、 移民工人要有所有的权利、 不要再让企業的钱进入政治、 提供免费日间托儿给所有人、 选举改革,以及其他的。
robust:adj.强健的;健康的;粗野的;粗鲁的; debate:n.辩论;争论;考虑;v.辩论;争论;考虑; guaranteed:adj.必然的; v.保证; annual:n.年报;年鉴;年刊;adj.每年的;年度的;一年的; electoral:adj.选举的;选举人的;
What we discovered is that a great many of us are looking for permission to act less like brands and more like movements. 我们发现很多人希望能得到允许, 以更像运动而不是品牌的方式 来采取行动。
a great many of:许多;大量;
Because movements don't care about credit. 因为运动不在意功劳归谁。
They want good ideas to spread far and wide . 运动要的是把好想法 传播出去,越广越好。
far and wide:adv.广泛地;到处;
What I love about The Leap is that it rejects the idea that there is this hierarchy of crisis, and it doesn't ask anyone to prioritize one struggle over another or wait their turn. 我很喜欢「跃进」的一点, 就是它不认为危机要有等级制度, 它不会要求任何人 优先处理某项难题, 或等着轮到他们。
rejects:n.不良品; v.拒绝; hierarchy:n.层级;等级制度; prioritize:v.按重要性排列;划分优先顺序;优先处理;
And though it was birthed in Canada, we've discovered that it travels well. 虽然它是在加拿大诞生, 但我们发现它也推广世界。
Since we launched , The Leap has been picked up around the world with similar platforms , being written from Nunavut to Australia, to Norway to the UK and the US, 我们推出「跃进」之后, 世界各地都注意到了它, 推出类似的平台, 从努纳福特地区到澳洲, 到挪威,到英国以及美国,
launched:v.发射;发起;开展;开始;(launch的过去式和过去分词) platforms:n.平台; v.把…放在台上;
where it's gaining a lot of traction in cities like Los Angeles, where it's being localized . 在像洛杉矶这类城市中 产生很大的牵引力, 因为它在那里已被地区化。
traction:n.牵引;[机][车辆]牵引力; localized:adj.局部的;地区的;小范围的;v.定位(localize的过去分词);
And also in rural communities that are traditionally very conservative , but where politics is failing the vast majority of people. 此外,它也进到一些传统上 相当保守的乡村社区, 因为在那些地方, 政治让大多数的人失望。
rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) traditionally:adv.传统上;习惯上;传说上; conservative:adj.保守的;n.保守派,守旧者; majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人:
Here's what I've learned from studying shocks and disasters for two decades. 在我研究震撼事件和灾难的 二十年裏,从中学到的是,
disasters:n.灾难(disaster的复数);
Crises test us. 危机在考验我们。
We either fall apart or we grow up fast. 我们要不四分五裂,要不快速成长。
Finding new reserves of strength and capacity that we never knew we had. 发现我们从来不知道自己 拥有那么多力量和能力,
reserves:n.[油气]储量; v.储备; capacity:n.能力;容量;资格,地位;生产力;
The shocking events that fill us with dread today can transform us, and they can transform the world for the better . 现今,让我们充满恐惧的震撼事件 能够转变我们, 也能把世界转变得更好。
dread:n.恐惧;可怕的人(或物);vi.惧怕;担心;vt.惧怕;担心;adj.可怕的; for the better:好转,向好的方向发展;
But first we need to picture the world that we're fighting for. 但首先,我们得要先想像出 我们努力想打造的世界。
And we have to dream it up together. 我们得一起把它构想出来。
Right now, every alarm in our house is going off simultaneously . 现在,我们房子里的 各种警报同时一起响起。
simultaneously:adv.同时地;
It's time to listen. 该是倾听的时候了。
It's time to leap. 该是跃进的时候了。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）