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MickCornett_2013P-_一个“肥胖”的城镇怎样“瘦身”了一百万磅_
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| How many of you have been to Oklahoma City? |
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Oklahoma:n.美国俄克拉荷马州;
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| Raise your hand. Yeah? |
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| How many of you have not been to Oklahoma City and have no idea who I am? (Laughter) |
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| Most of you. Let me give you a little bit of background. |
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| Oklahoma City started in the most unique way imaginable . |
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unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物; imaginable:adj.可能的;可想像的;
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| Back on a spring day in 1889, the federal government held what they called a land run. |
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federal:adj.联邦的;同盟的;联邦政府的;联邦制的;adv.联邦政府地;
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| They literally lined up the settlers along an imaginary line, and they fired off a gun, and the settlers roared across the countryside and put down a stake , and wherever they put down that stake , that was their new home. |
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literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: settlers:n.移民;殖民者;(settler的复数) imaginary:adj.虚构的,假想的;想像的;虚数的; roared:v.吼叫;咆哮;大声地说;放声大笑;(roar的过去分词和过去式) stake:n.桩,棍子;赌注;火刑;奖金;v.资助,支持;系…于桩上;把…押下打赌;
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| And at the end of the very first day, the population of Oklahoma City had gone from zero to 10,000, and our planning department is still paying for that. |
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| The citizens got together on that first day and elected a mayor . |
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mayor:n.市长;镇长;
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| And then they shot him. |
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| (Laughter) |
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| That's not really all that funny |
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| - (Laughter) -- but it allows me to see what type of audience |
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| I'm dealing with, so I appreciate the feedback . |
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appreciate:v.欣赏;感激;感谢;理解; feedback:n.反馈;反馈意见;回授;[电子]反馈;
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| The 20th century was fairly kind to Oklahoma City. |
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fairly:adv.相当地;公平地;简直;
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| Our economy was based on commodities , so the price of cotton or the price of wheat, and ultimately the price of oil and natural gas . |
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economy:n.经济;节约;理财; commodities:n.商品(commodity的复数);日用品;商品期货; ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究; natural gas:n.天然气;
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| And along the way, we became a city of innovation . |
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innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法;
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| The shopping cart was invented in Oklahoma City. |
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cart:n.运货马车;手推车;手拉车;v.用车装运;用手提;强行带走;抓走;.
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| (Applause) |
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| The parking meter , invented in Oklahoma City. |
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parking meter:停车记时器;
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| You're welcome. |
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| Having an economy, though, that relates to commodities can give you some ups and some downs, and that was certainly the case in Oklahoma City's history. |
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| In the 1970s, when it appeared that the price of energy would never retreat , our economy was soaring , and then in the early 1980s, it cratered quickly. |
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retreat:v.撤退;退却;后退;退缩;n.撤退;退却;退缩;退避; soaring:adj.翱翔的;高耸的;猛增的;v.高耸;高飞;猛增;(soar的现在分词形式) cratered:adj.有坑洞的;多坑的;v.形成坑(crater的过去式和过去分词);
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| The price of energy dropped. |
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| Our banks began to fail. |
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| Before the end of the decade, 100 banks had failed in the state of Oklahoma. |
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| There was no bailout on the horizon . |
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bailout:n.紧急救助;跳伞; horizon:n.地平线;(欲望、知识或兴趣的)范围;
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| Our banking industry, our oil and gas industry, our commercial real estate industry, were all at the bottom of the economic scale . |
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commercial:adj.贸易的;商业的;赢利的;以获利为目的的;n.(电台或电视播放的)广告; real estate:n.房地产;不动产; economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢;
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| Young people were leaving Oklahoma City in droves for Washington and Dallas and Houston and New York and Tokyo, anywhere where they could find a job that measured up to their educational attainment , because in Oklahoma City, the good jobs just weren't there. |
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Dallas:n.达拉斯(美国城市); Houston:n.休斯顿(美国得克萨斯州港市); measured:adj.缓慢谨慎的; v.测量; (measure的过去分词和过去式) educational:adj.教育的;有关教育的;有教育意义的 attainment:n.达到;成就;学识;
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| But along at the end of the '80s came an enterprising businessman who became mayor named Ron Norick. |
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enterprising:adj.有事业心的;有进取心的;有魄力的;有胆量的;
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| Ron Norick eventually figured out that the secret to economic development wasn't incentivizing companies up front, it was about creating a place where businesses wanted to locate , and so he pushed an initiative called MAPS that basically was a penny-on-the-dollar sales tax to build a bunch of stuff . |
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eventually:adv.最后,终于; incentivizing:以物质刺激鼓励; locate:v.确定…的准确地点;把…安置在(或建造于);创办于(某地); initiative:n.倡议;主动性;积极性;主动权;adj.起始的; basically:adv.主要地,基本上; sales tax:n.销售税(某些国家的税种,由消费者负担); a bunch of:一群;一束;一堆; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
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| It built a new sports arena , a new canal downtown , it fixed up our performing arts center, a new baseball stadium downtown , a lot of things to improve the quality of life. |
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arena:n.舞台;竞技场; downtown:n.市区;闹市区;adv.在市区;在热闹街上;到闹市区;adj.闹市区的; performing arts:n.表演艺术; stadium:n.[体]露天大型体育场;[病]病期;[生]生长期;龄期; improve:v.改进;改善;
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| And the economy indeed seemed to start showing some signs of life. |
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| The next mayor came along. |
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| He started MAPS for Kids, rebuilt the entire inner city school system, all 75 buildings either built anew or refurbished . |
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inner city:n.(居民拥挤,住屋破旧的)市中心平民区;adj.市中心的; anew:重新,再 refurbished:v.翻新,刷新(refurbish的过去分词);
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| And then, in 2004, in this rare collective lack of judgment bordering on civil disobedience , the citizens elected me mayor. |
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collective:adj.集体的;共同的;集合的;集体主义的;n.集团;集合体;集合名词; judgment:n.判断;裁判;判决书;辨别力; civil disobedience:n.非暴力反抗;温和抵抗;不合作主义;
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| Now the city I inherited was just on the verge of coming out of its slumbering economy, and for the very first time, we started showing up on the lists. |
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inherited:v.继承(金钱、财产等);接替(责任等);继任;(inherit的过去式和过去分词) on the verge of:濒临于;接近于; slumbering:v.睡;睡眠;(slumber的现在分词)
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| Now you know the lists I'm talking about. |
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| The media and the Internet love to rank cities. |
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media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉;
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| And in Oklahoma City, we'd never really been on lists before. |
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| So I thought it was kind of cool when they came out with these positive lists and we were on there. |
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positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片;
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| We weren't anywhere close to the top, but we were on the list, we were somebody. |
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| Best city to get a job, best city to start a business, best downtown -- |
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| Oklahoma City. |
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| And then came the list of the most obese cities in the country. |
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obese:adj.肥胖的,过胖的;
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| And there we were. |
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| Now I like to point out that we were on that list with a lot of really cool places. |
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| (Laughter) |
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| Dallas and Houston and New Orleans and Atlanta and Miami. |
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Orleans:n.奥尔良(法国城市); Atlanta:n.亚特兰大(美国城市);
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| You know, these are cities that, typically , you're not embarrassed to be associated with. |
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typically:adv.代表性地;作为特色地; embarrassed:adj.尴尬的;窘迫的;v.使...局促不安;(embarrass的过去分词和过去式) associated:adj.有关联的; v.联想; (associate的过去分词和过去式)
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| But nonetheless , I didn't like being on the list. |
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nonetheless:adv.尽管如此,但是;
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| And about that time, I got on the scales . |
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scales:n.规模范围; v.攀登; (scale的第三人称单数和复数)
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| And I weighed 220 pounds. |
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| And then I went to this website sponsored by the federal government, and I typed in my height, I typed in my weight, and I pushed Enter, and it came back and said "obese." |
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sponsored:adj.(活动或比赛)为慈善筹款而举办的; v.赞助(活动、节目等); (sponsor的过去式和过去分词)
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| I thought, "What a stupid website." |
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| (Laughter) |
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| '"I'm not obese. I would know if I was obese." |
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| And then I started getting honest with myself about what had become my lifelong struggle with obesity , and I noticed this pattern, that I was gaining about two or three pounds a year, and then about every 10 years, I'd drop 20 or 30 pounds. |
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obesity:n.肥大,肥胖;
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| And then I'd do it again. |
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| And I had this huge closet full of clothes, and I could only wear a third of it at any one time, and only I knew which part of the closet I could wear. |
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closet:n.贮藏室;壁橱adj.隐藏(身份等)的;v.把…关在房间里;
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| But it all seemed fairly normal, going through it. |
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| Well, I finally decided I needed to lose weight, and I knew I could because I'd done it so many times before, so I simply stopped eating as much. |
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finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地;
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| I had always exercised. |
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| That really wasn't the part of the equation that I needed to work on. |
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equation:n.方程式,等式;相等;[化学]反应式;
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| But I had been eating 3,000 calories a day, and I cut it to 2,000 calories a day, and the weight came off. I lost about a pound a week for about 40 weeks. |
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calories:n.[物]卡路里(热量单位,calorie的复数);
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| Along the way, though, |
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| I started examining my city, its culture, its infrastructure , trying to figure out why our specific city seemed to have a problem with obesity. |
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infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造; specific:adj.特殊的,特定的;明确的;详细的;[药]具有特效的;n.特性;细节;特效药;
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| And I came to the conclusion that we had built an incredible quality of life if you happen to be a car. |
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conclusion:n.结论;结局;推论; incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的;
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| (Laughter) |
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| But if you happen to be a person, you are combatting the car seemingly at every turn. |
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combatting:与…格斗,与…对抗(combat的现在分词形式); seemingly:adv.看来似乎;表面上看来;
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| Our city is very spread out . |
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spread out:冒火;喷火;
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| We have a great intersection of highways, |
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intersection:n.交叉;十字路口;交集;交叉点;
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| I mean, literally no traffic congestion in Oklahoma City to speak of. |
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congestion:n.拥挤;拥塞;充血;
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| And so people live far, far away. |
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| Our city limits are enormous , 620 square miles, but 15 miles is less than 15 minutes. |
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enormous:adj.庞大的,巨大的;凶暴的,极恶的;
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| You literally can get a speeding ticket during rush hour in Oklahoma City. |
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rush hour:n.交通拥挤时间;高峰时刻;adj.高峰时刻的;
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| And as a result , people tend to spread out. |
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as a result:结果;
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| Land's cheap. |
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| We had also not required developers to build sidewalks on new developments for a long, long time. |
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developers:n.开发商;发展者;[摄]显影剂(developer的复数); sidewalks:n.人行道;
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| We had fixed that, but it had been relatively recently , and there were literally 100,000 or more homes into our inventory in neighborhoods that had virtually no level of walkability. |
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relatively:adv.相当程度上;相当地;相对地; recently:adv.最近;新近; inventory:n.存货,存货清单;详细目录;财产清册; virtually:adv.事实上,几乎;实质上;
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| And as I tried to examine how we might deal with obesity, and was taking all of these elements into my mind, |
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elements:n.要素;基本部分;少量;一群;(element的复数)
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| I decided that the first thing we need to do was have a conversation. |
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| You see, in Oklahoma City, we weren't talking about obesity. |
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| And so, on New Year's Eve of 2007, |
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| I went to the zoo, and I stood in front of the elephants, and I said, "This city is going on a diet , and we're going to lose a million pounds." |
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going on a diet:正在减肥;节食减肥;
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| Well, that's when all hell broke loose . |
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loose:adj.宽松的; v.释放; v.松散地; n.放纵;
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| (Laughter) |
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| The national media gravitated toward this story immediately, and they really could have gone with it one of two ways. |
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gravitated:v.被吸引到;受吸引而参加(gravitate的过去分词和过去式)
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| They could have said, "This city is so fat that the mayor had to put them on a diet." |
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| But fortunately , the consensus was, "Look, this is a problem in a lot of places. |
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fortunately:adv.幸运地; consensus:n.一致;舆论;合意;
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| This is a city that's wanting to do something about it." |
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| And so they started helping us drive traffic to the website. |
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| Now, the web address was |
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| And I appeared on "The Ellen DeGeneres Show" |
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| one weekday morning to talk about the initiative, and on that day, 150,000 visits were placed to our website. |
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| People were signing up, and so the pounds started to add up, and the conversation that I thought was so important to have was starting to take place . |
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take place:发生;举行;
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| It was taking place inside the homes, mothers and fathers talking about it with their kids. |
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| It was taking place in churches. |
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| Churches were starting their own running groups and their own support groups for people who were dealing with obesity. |
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| Suddenly, it was a topic worth discussing at schools and in the workplace . |
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workplace:n.工作场所;车间;
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| And the large companies, they typically have wonderful wellness programs, but the medium-sized companies that typically fall between the cracks on issues like this, they started to get engaged and used our program as a model for their own employees to try and have contests to see |
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wellness:n.健康; medium-sized:adj.中型的,中等大小的;普通型的; cracks:n.裂纹; v.破裂; (crack的第三人称单数和复数) issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数) engaged:adj.已订婚的; v.吸引住; (engage的过去分词和过去式)
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| who might be able to deal with their obesity situation in a way that could be proactively beneficial to others. |
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proactively:adv.前摄地;主动地; beneficial:adj.有益的,有利的;可享利益的;
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| And then came the next stage of the equation. |
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| It was time to push what I called MAPS 3. |
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| Now MAPS 3, like the other two programs, had had an economic development motive behind it, but along with the traditional economic development tasks like building a new convention center, we added some health-related infrastructure to the process . |
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motive:n.动机; adj.发动的; v.同"motivate"; traditional:传统的,惯例的, convention:n.习俗;惯例;协定;常规; process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
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| We added a new central park, 70 acres in size, to be right downtown in Oklahoma City. |
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| We're building a downtown streetcar to try and help the walkability formula for people who choose to live in the inner city and help us create the density there. |
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streetcar:n.有轨电车; formula:n.公式; adj.(赛车)方程式的(指赛车要符合规定的体积,重量及汽缸容量等); density:n.密度;
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| We're building senior health and wellness centers throughout the community . |
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senior:adj.大;级别(或地位)高的;成人的;高级水平的;n.上级;上司;较…年长的人; throughout:adv.自始至终,到处;全部;prep.贯穿,遍及; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
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| We put some investments on the river that had originally been invested upon in the original MAPS, and now we are currently in the final stages of developing the finest venue in the world for the sports of canoe , kayak and rowing. |
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investments:n.[经]投资,投资的财产;投资学;(investment的复数) originally:adv.原来;起初; invested:v.投资;投入;(invest的过去分词和过去式) currently:adv.当前;一般地; venue:n.审判地;犯罪地点;发生地点;集合地点; canoe:n.独木舟;轻舟;vi.乘独木舟;vt.用独木舟运; kayak:n.皮船;爱斯基摩小艇;
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| We hosted the Olympic trials last spring. |
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hosted:v.主办,主持(活动);做东;(host的过去分词和过去式)
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| We have Olympic-caliber events coming to Oklahoma City, and athletes from all over the world moving in, along with inner city programs to get kids more engaged in these types of recreational activities that are a little bit nontraditional . |
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athletes:n.运动员;身强体健的人(athlete的复数形式); engaged in:从事于;忙于; recreational:adj.娱乐的,消遣的;休养的; nontraditional:adj.不符合传统的,非传统的;
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| We also, with another initiative that was passed, are building hundreds of miles of new sidewalks throughout the metro area. |
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metro:地铁
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| We're even going back into some inner city situations where we had built neighborhoods and we had built schools but we had not connected the two. |
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| We had built libraries and we had built neighborhoods, but we had never really connected the two with any sort of walkability. |
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| Through yet another funding source , we're redesigning all of our inner city streets to be more pedestrian-friendly. |
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funding:n.基金;资金;提供资金;v.为…提供资金;拨款给;(fund的现在分词) source:n.来源;水源;原始资料; redesigning:v.重构;重设计(redesign的现在分词);
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| Our streets were really wide, and you'd push the button to allow you to walk across, and you had to run in order to get there in time. |
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| But now we've narrowed the streets, highly landscaped them, making them more pedestrian-friendly, really a redesign, rethinking the way we build our infrastructure, designing a city around people and not cars. |
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highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; landscaped:v.美化…的景观(landscape的过去分词形式); rethinking:n.反思;v.重新考虑(rethink的现在分词);
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| We're completing our bicycle trail master plan . |
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trail:v.(被)拖,拉;疲惫地走,磨蹭;落后,失败;n.痕迹;踪迹;小路;路线; master plan:n.总体规划;总计划;
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| We'll have over 100 miles when we're through building it out. |
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| And so you see this culture starting to shift in Oklahoma City. |
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shift:n.移动;变化;手段;轮班;v.移动;转变;转换;
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| And lo and behold , the demographic changes that are coming with it are very inspiring . |
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behold:v.看;注视;把...视为;int.瞧;看呀; demographic:adj.人口统计学的;人口学的; inspiring:adj.鼓舞人心的;灌输的;v.鼓舞;激发;使感悟;(inspire的现在分词)
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| Highly educated twentysomethings are moving to Oklahoma City from all over the region and, indeed, even from further away, in California. |
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twentysomethings:n.二十多个;二十多岁;adj.二十多个的;二十多岁的; region:n.地区;范围;部位;
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| When we reached a million pounds, in January of 2012, |
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| I flew to New York with some our participants who had lost over 100 pounds, whose lives had been changed, and we appeared on the Rachael Ray show, and then that afternoon, I did a round of media in New York pushing the same messages that you're accustomed to hearing about obesity and the dangers of it. |
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participants:n.参与者(participant的复数形式); accustomed to:习惯于;
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| And I went into the lobby of Men's Fitness magazine, the same magazine that had put us on that list five years before. |
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lobby:n.大堂;门厅;民众接待厅;游说;v.游说(从政者或政府); Fitness:n.健康;适当;适合性;
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| And as I'm sitting in the lobby waiting to talk to the reporter, |
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| I notice there's a magazine copy of the current issue right there on the table, and I pick it up, and I look at the headline across the top, and it says, "America's Fattest Cities: Do You Live in One?" |
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| Well, I knew I did, so I picked up the magazine and I began to look, and we weren't on it. |
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| (Applause) |
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| Then I looked on the list of fittest cities, and we were on that list. |
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| We were on the list as the 22nd fittest city in the United States. |
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United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式)
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| Our state health statistics are doing better. |
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statistics:n.统计数字;统计资料;统计学;(statistic的复数)
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| Granted , we have a long way to go. |
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Granted:v.不错,的确; conj.因为; v.同意,准予,允许; (grant的过去分词和过去式)
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| Health is still not something that we should be proud of in Oklahoma City, but we seem to have turned the cultural shift of making health a greater priority . |
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cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; priority:n.优先;优先权;[数]优先次序;优先考虑的事;
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| And we love the idea of the demographics of highly educated twentysomethings, people with choices, choosing Oklahoma City in large numbers. |
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demographics:n.人口统计资料;
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| We have the lowest unemployment in the United States, probably the strongest economy in the United States. |
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unemployment:n.失业;失业率;失业人数;
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| And if you're like me, at some point in your educational career , you were asked to read a book called "The Grapes of Wrath ." |
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career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历; Wrath:n.愤怒;激怒;
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| Oklahomans leaving for California in large numbers for a better future. |
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| When we look at the demographic shifts of people coming from the west, it appears that what we're seeing now is the wrath of grapes. |
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shifts:n.转移; v.转移; (shift的第三人称单数)
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| (Laughter) |
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| (Applause) |
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| The grandchildren are coming home. |
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| You've been a great audience and very attentive . |
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attentive:adj.留意的,注意的;
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| Thank you very much for having me here. |
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| (Applause) |
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