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MichaelGreen_2014G-_社会进步指数可以告诉我们什么_
On January 4, 1934, a young man delivered a report to the United States Congress that 80 years on, still shapes the lives of everyone in this room today, still shapes the lives of everyone on this planet. 1934年一月四日, 一个年轻人向美国国会提交了 如今80年过去了, 那份报告依然塑造着我们在座各位生活 塑造着地球所每一个人的生活
United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) Congress:n.国会;代表大会;会议;社交;
That young man wasn't a politician , he wasn't a businessman, a civil rights activist or a faith leader. 那个年轻人不是一位政治家, 不是一位商人, 不是一位民权活动者 也不是一位宗教领袖。
politician:n.政治家;(蔑)政客;(美)政治贩; civil rights:na.公民权; activist:n.积极分子;激进主义分子; faith:n.信心;信任;宗教信仰;
He was that most unlikely of heroes, an economist. 他是最不可能成为英雄的那类人, 一位经济学家。
unlikely:adj.不大可能发生的;非心目中的;非想象的;难以相信的;
His name was Simon Kuznets and the report that he delivered was called "National Income, 1929-1932." 他叫西蒙·库兹涅茨 他提交的报告叫做 “国民收入,1929-1932”
Now, you might think this is a rather dry and dull report. 现在,你可能会想 这该是一份多么枯燥无味的报告
dull:v.减轻; adj.枯燥无味的;
And you're absolutely right. 毫无疑问你是对的
absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地;
It's dry as a bone. 这枯燥得像骨头。
But this report is the foundation of how, today, we judge the success of countries: what we know best as Gross Domestic Product ,GDP. 但这份报告是我们今天衡量一个国家 成功与否的标准: 我们最了解的莫过于国内生产总值,
foundation:n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立; Gross Domestic Product:na.国内生产总值;
GDP has defined and shaped our lives for the last 80 years. GDP已经定义和塑造我们的生活 有80年之久了。
defined:adj.有定义的,确定的; v.使明确;
And today I want to talk about a different way to measure the success of countries, a different way to define and shape our lives for the next 80 years. 今天我想讨论的是 另外一种衡量国家是否成功的方法, 另外一种,在未来80年里将 定义和塑造我们生活的方法。
But first, we have to understand how GDP came to dominate our lives. 但首先,我们必须明白 GDP是如何支配我们生活的。
dominate:vt.控制;支配;占优势;在…中占主要地位;vi.占优势;处于支配地位;
Kuznets' report was delivered at a moment of crisis . 库兹涅茨的报告 是在危及时刻提交的。
crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的;
The U.S. economy was plummeting into the Great Depression and policy makers were struggling to respond . 美国经济正在 跌入大萧条当中, 而政策制定者正疲于挣扎着应对这种状况
economy:n.经济;节约;理财; plummeting:n.垂直落下; adj.直线下降的; v.垂直落下; Depression:n.沮丧;洼地;不景气;忧愁; policy:n.政策,方针;保险单; respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和;
Struggling because they didn't know what was going on. 挣扎是因为他们并不明白到底怎么回事儿。
They didn't have data and statistics . 他们没有统计数据。
statistics:n.统计数字;统计资料;统计学;(statistic的复数)
So what Kuznet's report gave them was reliable data on what the U.S. economy was producing, updated year by year. 所以库兹涅兹的报告给他们的 是有关美国经济 正在创收的可靠数据, 并且逐年更新。
reliable:adj.可信赖的;可依靠的;真实可信的;可靠的; updated:adj.更新的;现代化的;v.使现代化;更新;(update的过去分词和过去式)
And armed with this information, policy makers were, eventually , able to find a way out of the slump . 掌握了这些数据之后, 执政者们终于能够找到 对策应付这场衰退了。
eventually:adv.最后,终于; slump:vi.下降,衰落; vt.使降低; n.衰退;
And because Kuznets' invention was found to be so useful, it spread around the world. 而库兹涅兹的发明 是如此的成功, 它被传播到世界各地。
And now today, every country produces GDP statistics. 今天,每一个国家都进行 GDP统计。
But, in that first report, 但是,在那份最初的报告里
Kuznets himself delivered a warning. 库兹涅兹自己还提交了一份警告
It's in the introductory chapter. 就在引言那一章中
introductory:adj.引导的,介绍的;开端的;
On page seven he says, "The welfare of a nation can, therefore, scarcely be inferred from a measurement of national income as defined above." 在第七页,他说道: “因此,一个国家的国民福利 勉强可以通过测定 上述定义的国民收入 推断出来。
welfare:n.福祉;(政府给予的)福利; scarcely:adv.几乎不,简直不;简直没有; inferred:adj.推论的;推测出的;v.推测(infer的过去分词); measurement:n.测量;度量;长度;
It's not the greatest sound bite in the world, and it's dressed up in the cautious language of the economist. 这并不是世界上最伟大的一句话 它是用经济学家谨慎的语言表述出来的
cautious:adj.谨慎的;十分小心的;
But his message was clear: 但是他的信息是清楚的:
GDP is a tool to help us measure economic performance . GDP是一个工具, 它帮助我们测量国家经济表现,
economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; performance:n.性能;表现;业绩;表演;
It's not a measure of our well-being . 它并不能用来测量我们的幸福感。
well-being:n.幸福;康乐;
And it shouldn't be a guide to all decision making. 而且它也不应该成为制定所有政策的导向。
But we have ignored Kuznets' warning. 但是我们忽视了库兹涅兹的警告。
ignored:v.忽视;对…不予理会;佯装未见;不予理睬;(ignore的过去分词和过去式)
We live in a world where 我们生活在一个世界,
GDP is the benchmark of success in a global economy. GDP成为衡量一个国家在全球经济化中 是否成功的基准。
benchmark:n.基准;标准检查程序;vt.用基准问题测试(计算机系统等); global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
Our politicians boast when GDP goes up. 我们的政治家们因为GDP增长而自吹自擂。
politicians:n.政治家;(蔑)政客;(美)政治贩;(politician的复数) boast:v.自夸;自吹自擂;n.夸耀;夸口;
Markets move and trillions of dollars of capital move around the world based on which countries are going up and which countries are going down, all measured in GDP. 市场的走向 和数万亿资本 在世界范围内的流通 是基于哪一个国家正在崛起, 哪一个国家正在衰落, 这些都是由GDP测量出来的。
trillions:n.[数]万亿;adj.万亿的;num.[数]万亿; move around:v.走来走去;绕着…来回转; measured:adj.缓慢谨慎的; v.测量; (measure的过去分词和过去式)
Our societies have become engines to create more GDP. 我们的社会已经成为 生产GDP的巨大发动机了。
But we know that GDP is flawed . 但是我们知道GDP是存在缺陷的。
flawed:adj.有缺陷的;有瑕疵的;有裂纹的;
It ignores the environment. 它忽略了环境。
ignores:v.忽视;对…不予理会;不予理睬;(ignore的第三人称单数)
It counts bombs and prisons as progress. 随着进步它也算上了炸弹和监狱
It can't count happiness or community . 但它却无法算上幸福或者和谐。
community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
And it has nothing to say about fairness or justice . 它也谈不上公平或正义
justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判;
Is it any surprise that our world, marching to the drumbeat of GDP, is teetering on the brink of environmental disaster and filled with anger and conflict ? 这有什么好惊讶的呢？ 我们的世界正走在GDP的节奏上 在环境灾难的边缘摇摇欲坠 并且充满了愤怒和冲突
drumbeat:n.鼓声;打鼓声; teetering:vi.摇晃; vt.使…摇摆; n.跷跷板; on the brink of:即将要;濒于;濒临;在…的边缘; disaster:n.灾难,灾祸;不幸; conflict:n.冲突;矛盾;争执;抵触;v.抵触;
We need a better way to measure our societies, a measure based on the real things that matter to real people. 为了整个社会,我们需要更好的测量工具, 是基于真实的东西,对人们真正重要的测量。
Do I have enough to eat? 我能不能填饱肚子？
Can I read and write? 我可以读书写字吗？
Am I safe? 我安全吗？
Do I have rights? 我有任何权利吗？
Do I live in a society where I'm not discriminated against? 我是否生活在一个没有歧视我的社会？
discriminated:辨别;
Is my future and the future of my children prevented from environmental destruction ? 我和我孩子的未来是否受到环境毁坏的威胁？
destruction:n.破坏,毁灭;摧毁;
These are questions that GDP does not and cannot answer. 这些问题都是GDP 没有也无法回答的。
There have, of course, been efforts in the past to move beyond GDP. 当然,已经有人 在努力尝试 超越GDP的行动。
But I believe that we're living in a moment when we are ready for a measurement revolution . 但是,我相信,我们正生活 在这样的时刻,
in a moment:立刻; revolution:n.革命;旋转;运行;循环;
We're ready because we've seen, in the financial crisis of 2008, how our fetish for economic growth led us so far astray . 我们准备好了,是因为我们看到了 发生在2008年的经济危机, 看到了我们对经济增长的迷恋如何把我们 带到一条不归路上。
financial:adj.金融的;财政的,财务的; fetish:n.恋物(等于fetich);迷信;偶像; astray:adv.误入歧途地;迷途地;迷路;adj.迷路的;离开正道的;不对头的;
We've seen, in the Arab Spring, how countries like Tunisia were supposedly economic superstars , but they were societies that were seething with discontentment . 我们已经看到了,在阿拉伯之春 像突尼斯这样的国家 本应该是经济上的巨星, 但是他们的社会 却在不公中沸腾。
Tunisia:n.突尼斯(非洲国家); supposedly:adv.据说;据信;据传; superstars:n.(影视界等的)超级明星;超星体;(superstar的复数) seething:adj.火热的,沸腾的;v.浸透;煮沸;激动(seethe的ing形式); discontentment:n.不平,不满;
We're ready, because today we have the technology to gather and analyze data in ways that would have been unimaginable to Kuznets. 我们已经准备好了,因为今天我们掌握了这样的技术 去收集和分析数据, 这种方式是库兹涅兹无法想象的。
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; analyze:v.对…进行分析,分解(等于analyse); unimaginable:adj.不可思议的;难以想像的;
Today, I'd like to introduce you to the Social Progress Index . 今天,我想向大家介绍一下社会进步指数。
Index:n.指标;指数;索引;指针;v.做索引;指出;编入索引中;
It's a measure of the well-being of society, completely separate from GDP. 这才是测量社会健康程度的工具。 是完全不同于GDP的。
It's a whole new way of looking at the world. 是以一个全新的视角看待世界。
The Social Progress Index begins by defining what it means to be a good society based around three dimensions . 社会进步指数 首先定义 什么是良好的社会, 这基于三个方面。
defining:v.解释(词语)的含义;给(词语)下定义;阐明;界定;(define的现在分词) dimensions:n.规模,大小;
The first is, does everyone have the basic needs for survival : food, water, shelter, safety? 第一个是,人们能够满足基本生存需求吗？ 比如食物,水,房屋,安全
survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物;
Secondly, does everyone have access to the building blocks to improve their lives: education, information, health and sustainable environment? 第二:人们能 通过各种途径提升自己的生活质量吗？ 比如教育,信息,健康和可持续发展的环境。
building blocks:(儿童玩的)积木;建筑砌块;堆积木;建筑砖块;基石; improve:v.改进;改善; sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的;
And then third, does every individual have access to a chance to pursue their goals and dreams and ambitions free from obstacles ? 第三个,每一个个体都有机会 追寻他们的目标、 梦想和抱负 而不受阻扰吗？
individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的; pursue:v.继续;从事;追赶;纠缠; ambitions:n.追求的目标;野心;志向;抱负;(ambition的复数) obstacles:n.障碍;障碍物;阻碍;(obstacle的复数形式)
Do they have rights, freedom of choice, freedom from discrimination and access to the the world's most advanced knowledge? 他们能有权利, 有选择的自由, 并不受歧视 并能学到世界上最先进的知识吗？
discrimination:n.歧视;区别,辨别;识别力; advanced:adj.先进的; v.前进; (advance的过去式和过去分词形式)
Together, these 12 components form the Social Progress framework. 这12个部分一起 组成了社会进步的骨架。
components:n.部件;组件;成份(component复数);
And for each of these 12 components, we have indicators to measure how countries are performing . 我们对这12个部分, 都有相应的指标,来测定不同国家的表现。
indicators:n.指示信号;标志;指针;方向灯;(indicator的复数) performing:adj.表演的;演奏的;v.做;执行;演出;运转(perform的现在分词)
Not indicators of effort or intention , but real achievement. 这些指标都不指示努力或者意向, 但都是真实的成就。
intention:n.意图;目的;意向;愈合;
We don't measure how much a country spends on healthcare , we measure the length and quality of people's lives. 我们不看一个国家在医疗保健上投入了多少钱, 我们看国民生活质量和寿命长短。
healthcare:n.医疗保健;健康护理,健康服务;卫生保健;
We don't measure whether governments pass laws against discrimination, we measure whether people experience discrimination. 我们不看政府是否通过针对歧视的法律, 我们看人们是否遭受着歧视。
But what you want to know is who's top, don't you? (Laughter) 但是,你们想知道的 是谁排第一,对不对？（笑）
I knew that, I knew that, I knew that. 我知道,我知道,我知道。
Okay, I'm going to show you. 好,我会展示给你们。
I'm going to show you on this chart. 看到这个坐标图了吧
So here we are, what I've done here is put on the vertical axis social progress. 就是这个, 在这个坐标系上,纵坐标是社会进步指数。
vertical:n.垂直线;垂直位置;adj.竖的;垂直的;直立的;纵向的; axis:n.轴;轴线;轴心国;
Higher is better. 越高越好。
And then, just for comparison , just for fun, on the horizontal axis is GDP per capita . 然后呢,我们开始比较, 只是为了好玩, 在横坐标是人均GDP。
comparison:n.比较;对比;相比; horizontal:n.水平线;水平面;横线;水平位置;adj.水平的;与地面平行的;横的; per capita:adj.每人的;人均的;
Further to the right is more. 越向右边越大。
So the country in the world with the highest social progress, the number one country on social progress is New Zealand . 所以呢,世界上 社会进步指数最高的国家, 排名第一的国家是 新西兰。
Zealand:西兰岛(丹麦最大的岛)
(Applause) （掌声）
Well done ! Never been; must go. 干得漂亮！没去过;一定得去一趟。
Well done:好样的,干得好;
(Laughter) （笑）
The country with the least social progress, 社会指数最低的国家,
I'm sorry to say, is Chad. 很抱歉,是乍得。
I've never been; maybe next year. 我也没有去过那里,也许明年吧。
(Laughter) （笑）
Or maybe the year after. 或者是后年。
Now, I know what you're thinking. 现在,我知道你们在想什么。
You're thinking, "Aha, but New Zealand has a higher GDP than Chad!" 你们在想:“啊哈, 但是新西兰的GDP 相对于乍得要高得多！“
It's a good point, well made. 有道理,有见地。
But let me show you two other countries. 但是,让我告诉你 另外两个国家的情况。
Here's the United States — considerably richer than New Zealand, but with a lower level of social progress. 这是美国—— 比新西兰富裕多了, 但是其社会进步指数要低一点。
considerably:adv.相当地;非常地;
And then here's Senegal — it's got a higher level of social progress than Chad, but the same level of GDP. 这是塞内加尔－ 它的社会进步指数要比乍得高, 但是却处于同一GDP水平。
So what's going on? Well, look. 这发生了什么？好,接下来。
Let me bring in the rest of the countries of the world, the 132 we've been able to measure, each one represented by a dot. 我把剩下的国家都放上去, 我们一共测到了132个国家, 每一个国家都用一个点表示。
represented:v.代表; (represent的过去式和过去分词)
There we go. Lots of dots. 我们看到好多的点。
Now, obviously I can't do all of them, so a few highlights for you: 现在,很明显我不能每一个都介绍一遍, 所以选取一些突出的:
highlights:n.拔萃,集锦; v.使突出(highlight的三单形式);
The highest ranked G7 country is Canada. G7国家里面排名最高的是加拿大。
My country, the United Kingdom , is sort of middling, sort of dull, at least we beat the French. 我的祖国,英国, 大概在中间,比较沉闷, 至少我们击败了法国。
United Kingdom:n.英国;
(Laughter) （笑）
And then looking at the emerging economies , top of the BRICS, pleased to say, is Brazil . 然后再看看正在崛起的经济体, 金砖各国里排名最高的,很高兴的说,是巴西
emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词) economies:n.经济;经济结构;节约;(economy的复数) Brazil:n.巴西(拉丁美洲国家);
(Applause) （掌声）
Come on, cheer! 拜托,欢呼起来！
Go, Brazil! 好样的,巴西！
Beating South Africa, then Russia, then China and then India. 击败了南非, 俄罗斯, 然后中国 还有印度,
Tucked away on the right-hand side, you will see a dot of a country with a lot of GDP but not a huge amount of social progress — that's Kuwait. 隐藏在右手边, 你会看到有一个点,这个点代表的国家GDP非常大 但是它的社会进步指数却不那么高－ 这是科威特。
Tucked:v.塞进,折叠,卷起;把…藏入;收藏;(tuck的过去分词和过去式) right-hand:adj.得力的;右手的,用右手的;
Just above Brazil is a social progress superpower — that's Costa Rica. 在巴西上面 是一个社会进步指数的超级大国－ 那是哥斯达黎加。
superpower:n.超级大国;超级强权; Costa:n.[解剖]肋骨;叶脉;[昆]前缘脉;
It's got a level of social progress the same as some Western European countries, with a much lower GDP. 它的社会进步指数与欧洲国家处在同一水平上, 但是GDP却要低得多。
Now, my slide is getting a little cluttered and I'd like to step back a bit. 现在我的幻灯片开始变得凌乱了, 我想我应该退后几张。
cluttered:adj.杂乱的; v.凌乱地塞满; (clutter的过去分词和过去式)
So let me take away these countries, and then pop in the regression line. 好,让我把这些国家移除, 然后放一条回归曲线。
regression:n.回归;退化;逆行;复原;
So this shows the average relationship between GDP and social progress. 这显示除了GDP和社会进步指数之间的 大致关系。
The first thing to notice, is that there's lots of noise around the trend line. 我们首先注意到, 在趋势线的附近有许多的 背景噪声。
trend:n.趋势;动向;趋向;动态;v.走向;趋向;
And what this shows, what this empirically demonstrates , is that GDP is not destiny . 这表示 从经验上已经证实, GDP并不是目的。
empirically:adv.以经验为主地; demonstrates:v.证明;证实;论证;说明;演示;(demonstrate的第三人称单数) destiny:n.命运,定数,天命;
At every level of GDP per capita, there are opportunities for more social progress, risks of less. 处在任何一个人均GDP水平上, 我们都有机会提高社会进步指数, 并且风险更低。
The second thing to notice is that for poor countries, the curve is really steep . 我们应该注意到的第二件事情是 对于贫穷的国家来说, 曲线是非常陡峭的。
curve:n.曲线;弯曲;曲面;弧线;v.(使)沿曲线移动;呈曲线形; steep:adj.陡峭的;不合理的;夸大的;急剧升降的;v.泡;浸;使…充满;n.峭壁;浸渍;
So what this tells us is that if poor countries can get a little bit of extra GDP, and if they reinvest that in doctors, nurses, water supplies, sanitation , etc., there's a lot of social progress bang for your GDP buck . 这告诉我们 如果贫穷的国家可以 得到一点额外的GDP 并且把这部分重新投资在 医疗设施建设和供水系统 改善卫生状况当中, 那么你的GDP增长还可以引起 很多的社会进步反响。
extra:adj.额外的:n.额外的事物:adv.额外:另外: reinvest:vt.再投资于;再授给;vi.再投资; sanitation:n.[医]环境卫生;卫生设备;下水道设施; bang:n.猛敲; v.猛敲; v.正好; buck:n.(美)钱,元;雄鹿;纨绔子弟;年轻的印第安人或黑人;
And that's good news, and that's what we've seen over the last 20, 30 years, with a lot of people lifted out of poverty by economic growth and good policies in poorer countries. 这是一个好消息,这也是我们在过去20年,30年之内所见到的, 在更加贫困的国家, 因为经济增长和有利政策 许多人都脱离了贫困。
poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣; policies:n.政策;方针;原则;为人之道;保险单(policy的复数)
But go on a bit further up the curve, and then we see it flattening out. 再看曲线较高的那一部分, 然后我们看到曲线变得渐渐平坦。
flattening:n.整平;扁率;压扁作用;v.压扁(flatten的ing形式);
Each extra dollar of GDP is buying less and less social progress. 之后每增加的一份GDP 将得到越来越少的社会进步的增长。
And with more and more of the world's population living on this part of the curve, it means GDP is becoming less and less useful as a guide to our development. 随着世界上越来越多的人 生活在这一部分的曲线当中, 这意味着GDP 作为发展导向的作用 正变得越来越小。
I'll show you an example of Brazil. 我会拿巴西作为一个例子。
Here's Brazil: social progress of about 70 out of 100, 这是巴西: 社会进步指数大概在70（满分100）,
GDP per capita about 14,000 dollars a year. 人均GDP大概在14,000美元一年。
And look, Brazil's above the line. 看,巴西是处于这条线的上方。
Brazil is doing a reasonably good job of turning GDP into social progress. 在把GDP转化为社会进步指数这方面, 巴西做得相当不错。
reasonably:adv.合理地;相当地;适度地;
But where does Brazil go next? 但是,接下来巴西会走向那里呢？
Let's say that Brazil adopts a bold economic plan to double GDP in the next decade. 我们假设巴西 采取了一个风险较大的经济计划 在未来十年内,GDP翻了一翻。
adopts:收养;采用; bold:adj.大胆的,英勇的;黑体的;厚颜无耻的;险峻的;
But that is only half a plan. 但这是计划的一半。
It's less than half a plan, because where does Brazil want to go on social progress? 应该是一半都不到 因为巴西的社会进步指数又会怎么变化呢？
Brazil, it's possible to increase your growth, increase your GDP, while stagnating or going backwards on social progress. 巴西有可能 增加发展, 增加GDP, 但是却在社会进步上 变得停滞不前甚至倒退。
stagnating:vi.停滞;淤塞;变萧条;vt.使淤塞;使沉滞;使萧条;
We don't want Brazil to become like Russia. 我们都不希望巴西 变得和俄罗斯一样。
What you really want is for Brazil to get ever more efficient at creating social progress from its GDP, so it becomes more like New Zealand. 我们真正希望巴西做的 是从GDP那里更有效地助动社会进步, 所以这会让它变得更象新西兰。
efficient:adj.有效率的;有能力的;生效的;
And what that means is that 这意味着
Brazil needs to prioritize social progress in its development plan and see that it's not just growth alone, it's growth with social progress. 巴西在其发展计划当中 需要优先提高社会进步。 而且弄清楚这不仅仅是经济增长, 而是社会的进步。
prioritize:v.按重要性排列;划分优先顺序;优先处理;
And that's what the Social Progress Index does: 这就是社会进步指数所做的:
It reframes the debate about development, not just about GDP alone, but inclusive , sustainable growth that brings real improvements in people's lives. 它重新构架了关于发展的讨论, 这并不只是GDP而已, 而是更包容的,可持续的增长, 给人们的生活水平带来实质性的提高。
reframes:vt.再构造,再组织;重新制订;给…装上新框架; debate:n.辩论;争论;考虑;v.辩论;争论;考虑; inclusive:adj.包括的,包含的; improvements:n.改善;改进;改善的事物;(improvement的复数)
And it's not just about countries. 而不只是不同国家的比较。
Earlier this year, with our friends from the Imazon nonprofit here in Brazil, we launched the first subnational Social Progress Index. 今年早些时候, 在巴西当地,和我们来自Imazon非营利组织的朋友一起, 我们开展了第一个地方性的社会进步指数。
nonprofit:adj.非赢利的;不以赢利为目的的; launched:v.发射;发起;开展;开始;(launch的过去式和过去分词)
We did it for the Amazon region . 我们是为了亚马逊地区办的。
Amazon:亚马逊;古希腊女战士; region:n.地区;范围;部位;
It's an area the size of Europe, 24 million people, one of the most deprived parts of the country. 这片区域大概有一个欧洲那么大,两千四百万人口, 是这个国家里面最落后的地区之一。
deprived:adj.缺少食物的;缺乏足够教育的;
And here are the results, and this is broken down into nearly 800 different municipalities . 这里是我们的一些成果, 这细分成了 将近800个不同的城市。
municipalities:n.市民,自治市;市政公债;(municipality复数形式)
And with this detailed information about the real quality of life in this part of the country, 有了这些有关于 这个国家当中这些地区的人 真实生活水平的细节性信息,
Imazon and other partners from government, business and civil society can work together to construct a development plan that will help really improve people's lives, while protecting that precious global asset that is the Amazon Rainforest . 来自政府的,企业的,民间的伙伴 可以合作,共同构建 一个发展计划, 来真正帮助人们提高生活水平, 同时还可以保护地球的宝贵财富, 那就是亚马逊热带雨林。
construct:v.建造;创建;建筑;修建;n.概念;构筑物;结构体;建造物; precious:adj.宝贵的;珍贵的;矫揉造作的; asset:n.资产;优点;有用的东西;有利条件;财产;有价值的人或物; Rainforest:n.(热带)雨林;
And this is just the beginning, 而这只是一个开始,
You can create a Social Progress Index for any state, region, city or municipality . 我们可以得到
municipality:n.市;自治市;自治区;市(或区)政当局;
We all know and love TEDx; this is Social Pogress-x. 我们都知道并热爱TEDx; 这就是社会进步的x因素。
This is a tool for anyone to come and use. 这是一个任何人都可以利用的工具
Contrary to the way we sometimes talk about it, 与我们平时讨论方式相反的是,
Contrary:adj.相反的;对立的;adv.相反地;n.相反;反面;
GDP was not handed down from God on tablets of stone. (Laughter) GDP并不是上帝掷给我们的一块石头。（笑）
tablets:n.药片;片剂;(固定于墙上作纪念的)牌,碑,匾;(tablet的第三人称单数和复数)
It's a measurement tool invented in the 20th century to address the challenges of the 20th century. 它是20世纪开发出来的测量工具 用来解决20世纪的问题。
In the 21st century, we face new challenges: aging, obesity , climate change, and so on. 在21世纪, 我们面对的是全新的挑战: 人口老龄化,肥胖,气候转变等等。
obesity:n.肥大,肥胖;
To face those challenges, we need new tools of measurement, new ways of valuing progress. 为了解决这些挑战, 我们需要新的测量工具, 新的评价进步的方法。
Imagine if we could measure what nonprofits , charities , volunteers , civil society organizations really contribute to our society. 想像一下,假如我们可以测量 非营利组织,慈善机构, 志愿者,民间社会组织 对我们社会的做了什么贡献。
nonprofits:adj.非赢利的;不以赢利为目的的; charities:n.慈善机构;宽大(charity的复数); volunteers:n.志愿者; v.自愿做; (volunteer的第三人称单数和复数) organizations:n.组织,构造,有机体(organization的复数);组织机构; contribute to:有助于;捐献;
Imagine if businesses competed not just on the basis of their economic contribution , but on their contribution to social progress. 想象假如企业之间的竞争 并不只是基于经济效益, 而是关于他们对社会进步的贡献。
competed:v.竞争,对抗(compete的过去分词); on the basis of:根据;基于…; contribution:n.捐款;捐资;定期缴款;贡献;促成作用;稿件;
Imagine if we could hold politicians to account for really improving people's lives. 想象我们可以让政治家们 为真正提高人们生活水平而负起责任来。
account for:对…负有责任;对…做出解释;说明…的原因;导致;(比例)占; improving:v.改进;改善;(improve的现在分词)
Imagine if we could work together — government, business, civil society, me, you — and make this century the century of social progress. 想象假如我们可以一起合作—— 政府,企业,社会组织,我,你—— 使这个世纪成为社会进步的世纪。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）