返回首页

MichaelGreen_2013-_我们为什么要建的木制的摩天大楼_
This is my grandfather. 这是我的爷爷
And this is my son. 这是我的儿子
My grandfather taught me to work with wood when I was a little boy, and he also taught me the idea that if you cut down a tree to turn it into something, honor that tree's life and make it as beautiful as you possibly can. 我爷爷教了我做木工活儿 在我还是个小男孩的时候 他还教给我这样一个观念: 如果你砍下一棵树要把它做成什么东西, 尊重这棵树的生命,并且尽可能 把这个东西做得漂亮
My little boy reminded me that for all the technology and all the toys in the world, sometimes just a small block of wood, if you stack it up tall, actually is an incredibly inspiring thing. 我的儿子让我想到 世界上所有的技术,所有的玩具 甚至有时候就一小块木头 如果你把它堆高 就会变成不可思议的振奋人心的事
reminded:v.提醒;使想起;(remind的过去分词和过去式) technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; stack:n.堆栈;一摞;大量;许多;v.(使)放成整齐的一叠(或一摞,一堆); incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; inspiring:adj.鼓舞人心的;灌输的;v.鼓舞;激发;使感悟;(inspire的现在分词)
These are my buildings. 这些是我的建筑作品
I build all around the world out of our office in Vancouver and New York. 我建造的房屋遍布世界 它们都来自我们在温哥华和纽约的工作室
Vancouver:n.温哥华(加拿大主要港市);
And we build buildings of different sizes and styles and different materials, depending on where we are. 我们建造不同大小,不同风格的房子 用不同的材料,看我们在哪儿造房子
But wood is the material that I love the most, and I'm going to tell you the story about wood. 但是木头是我最喜爱的材料 接下来我会和你们说说木头的故事
And part of the reason I love it is that every time people go into my buildings that are wood, 我喜欢木头的部分原因是每次 人们走进我用木头造的房子时
I notice they react completely differently. 我注意到他们的反应是完全不同于走进其他房子的
react:v.起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应,过敏;起化学反应;
I've never seen anybody walk into one of my buildings and hug a steel or a concrete column , but I've actually seen that happen in a wood building. 我从未见过任何人走进我的建筑 拥抱钢筋或水泥柱 但是我看过他们拥抱木材建筑
concrete:n.混凝土;adj.混凝土制的;确实的,具体的;vt.用混凝土覆盖 column:n.栏目,纵队;
I've actually seen how people touch the wood, and I think there's a reason for it. 我亲眼看过人们触摸那些木头 我认为这是有原因的
Just like snowflakes , no two pieces of wood can ever be the same anywhere on Earth. 就想雪花一样,地球上任何地方 没有两块木头是一样的
snowflakes:n.雪花;雪片;(snowflake的复数)
That's a wonderful thing. 这太奇妙了！
I like to think that wood gives Mother Nature fingerprints in our buildings. 我想木头 让我们的房子有大自然的印记
Mother Nature:n.大自然;自然界; fingerprints:n.[法][特医]指纹(fingerprint的复数); v.取…的指印(fingerprint的三单形式);
It's Mother Nature's fingerprints that make our buildings connect us to nature in the built environment. 建筑的自然特征 把我们和自然结合在人为建筑环境里
Now, I live in Vancouver, near a forest that grows to 33 stories tall. 现在,我住在温哥华,靠近 33层楼高的树林
Down the coast here in California, the redwood forest grows to 40 stories tall. 沿着海岸到加利福尼亚,红木林 长到40层楼高
redwood:n.红木树,[林]红杉;红树木材;
But the buildings that we think about in wood are only four stories tall in most places on Earth. 但是全球用木头做的建筑 大多数只有四层高
Even building codes actually limit the ability for us to build much taller than four stories in many places, and that's true here in the United States. 尽管在很多地方,建筑规则限制了我们 建超过四层高 美国就是如此
United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式)
Now there are exceptions, but there needs to be some exceptions, and things are going to change, I'm hoping. 现在对此有一些异议 但的确需要有异议 和要改变的事,我希望
And the reason I think that way is that today half of us live in cities, and that number is going to grow to 75 percent. 我这样想是因为 今天有一半的人住在城市 但将来一半会增到75%
Cities and density mean that our buildings are going to continue to be big, and I think there's a role for wood to play in cities. 城市和人口密度的增加意味着我们的建筑 将来依然会很大 而我认为木头在城市必不可少
density:n.密度;
And I feel that way because three billion people in the world today, over the next 20 years, will need a new home. 我这样认为是因为想到当今世界的30亿人 在20年后 将需要新的家
That's 40 percent of the world that are going to need a new building built for them in the next 20 years. 就是说全球40%人口
Now, one in three people living in cities today actually live in a slum . 现在,事实上有1/3住在城市的人 是住在贫民窟
slum:vi.(为猎奇或救济等)去贫民窟;n.贫民窟;陋巷;脏乱的地方;
That's one billion people in the world live in slums . 相当于全球有10亿人住在贫民窟
slums:n.贫民,[经]贫民区(slum的复数); v.到贫民窟去;
A hundred million people in the world are homeless. 而世界上还有一亿人是无家可归的
The scale of the challenge for architects and for society to deal with in building is to find a solution to house these people. 建筑师和社会要面对的 巨大建筑挑战 是为这些人找到安身之处
scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; architects:n.建筑师;设计师;创造者;(architect的复数); solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
But the challenge is, as we move to cities, cities are built in these two materials, steel and concrete, and they're great materials. 但我们迁移到城市的挑战是 城市是由两种材料构成的 钢筋和混凝土,这些是很好的材料
They're the materials of the last century. 它们是上个世纪最伟大的材料
But they're also materials with very high energy and very high greenhouse gas emissions in their process . 但这些材料在生产中也有很高的能源消耗 和温室气体排放量
greenhouse gas:n.温室气体(尤指二氧化碳); emissions:n.(光、热、气等的)发出,排放;排放物;散发物;(emission的复数) process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
Steel represents about three percent of man's greenhouse gas emissions, and concrete is over five percent. 钢筋占了3%的 人类温室气体排放量 混凝土占了超过5%
represents:v.代表;维护…的利益;相当于;(represent的第三人称单数)
So if you think about that, eight percent of our contribution to greenhouse gases today comes from those two materials alone. 所以这样算的话,现在 我们产生温室气体中的8% 仅来自于这两种材料
contribution:n.捐款;捐资;定期缴款;贡献;促成作用;稿件;
We don't think about it a lot, and unfortunately , we actually don't even think about buildings, I think, as much as we should. 我们不怎么这样思考,更不幸的是 我认为,我们甚至根本没把建筑 放在眼里
unfortunately:adv.不幸地;
This is a U.S. statistic about the impact of greenhouse gases. 这是关于温室气体效应在美国的统计
statistic:n.统计学;统计数字;统计资料;(一项)统计数据;adj.统计(上)的; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
Almost half of our greenhouse gases are related to the building industry, and if we look at energy, it's the same story. 几乎一半的的温室气体和建筑业有关 在能源方面也是同样
You'll notice that transportation's sort of second down that list, but that's the conversation we mostly hear about. 你会发现,交通运输其实在这些方面排在第二 但我们最常听到谈论交通
And although a lot of that is about energy, it's also so much about carbon . 尽管大多是只是关于能源 但它也关系到碳
carbon:n.[化学]碳;碳棒;复写纸;adj.碳的;碳处理的;
The problem I see is that, ultimately , the clash of how we solve that problem of serving those three billion people that need a home, and climate change, are a head-on collision about to happen, or already happening. 我认为最终的问题是 如何解决 30亿人住房需求 和气候改变的冲突将会很尖锐 或者说已经很尖锐
ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究; clash:v.冲突; n.冲突; head-on collision:迎面相撞;对正碰撞;正撞;正面相撞;
That challenge means that we have to start thinking in new ways, and I think wood is going to be part of that solution, and I'm going to tell you the story of why. 这挑战要我们必须开始思考新的方法 我认为木材将会是一个出路 下面我将讲我的理由
As an architect, wood is the only material, big material, that I can build with that's already grown by the power of the sun. 作为建筑师,木材是唯一的 够大的,我能用来建筑的, 已经依靠太阳能生长好的材料
When a tree grows in the forest and gives off oxygen and soaks up carbon dioxide , and it dies and it falls to the forest floor, it gives that carbon dioxide back to the atmosphere or into the ground. 当一棵树长在森林,放出氧气 吸入二氧化碳, 死亡,倒在树林里 它把二氧化碳又还回大气或者大地
soaks:vt.吸收,吸入; vi.浸泡; n.浸; carbon dioxide:二氧化碳;
If it burns in a forest fire, it's going to give that carbon back to the atmosphere as well. 如果它在森林火灾中着火,它也把碳 还回了大气
But if you take that wood and you put it into a building or into a piece of furniture or into that wooden toy, it actually has an amazing capacity to store the carbon and provide us with a sequestration . 但如果取了木材用在建筑里 或者家具里,或者玩具里 它事实上有了存储碳的神奇能力 并提供给我们缓冲保存期
furniture:n.家具;设备;储藏物; wooden:adj.木制的;木头的;木头似的;死板的 capacity:n.能力;容量;资格,地位;生产力; sequestration:n.隔离;扣押;退隐;
One cubic meter of wood will store one tonne of carbon dioxide. 一立方米的木材将存储 一顿的二氧化碳
cubic:adj.立方体的,立方的; tonne:n.[计量]公吨(1,000公斤,等于metricton);
Now our two solutions to climate are obviously to reduce our emissions and find storage. 现在我们解决气候问题的两个明显方法是 减少排放和找到存储介质
Wood is the only major material building material 木材是我能使用的唯一
I can build with that actually does both those two things. 可以满足这两个方面的主要建筑材料
So I believe that we have an ethic that the Earth grows our food, and we need to move to an ethic in this century that the Earth should grow our homes. 所以我认为,既然我们遵从 地球给我们生长食物的准则 在这个世纪,我们要遵从 地球给我们生长房子的准则
ethic:n.伦理;道德规范;adj.伦理的;道德的(等于ethical);
Now, how are we going to do that when we're urbanizing at this rate and we think about wood buildings only at four stories? 现在,我们如何做到这一点 在这样高速城市化的时代 而且我们只把木头建筑局限在四层
urbanizing:vt.使都市化;使文雅;
We need to reduce the concrete and steel and we need to grow bigger, and what we've been working on is 30-story tall buildings made of wood. 我们需要减少混凝土和钢筋,我们需要 种植更大的树,我们已经在设计建造 30层高的木头建筑
We've been engineering them with an engineer named Eric Karsh who works with me on it, and we've been doing this new work because there are new wood products out there for us to use, and we call them mass timber panels . 我们已经和一个工程师, Eric Karsh,开始了设计模拟 我们开始这项新项目是因为 刚好有新的木材供我们使用 我们把它们叫做大规模木板
engineering:n.工程;工程学;v.密谋策划;设计制造;改变…的基因;(engineer的现在分词) mass:n.块,团; adj.群众的,民众的; v.聚集起来,聚集; timber:n.木材;木料; panels:n.面板(panel的复数); v.嵌镶(panel的第三人称单数形式);
These are panels made with young trees, small growth trees, small pieces of wood glued together to make panels that are enormous : eight feet wide, 64 feet long, and of various thicknesses . 这些木板由新树, 小树做成。小的木头 粘在一起做成巨大的板 有8英尺宽,64英尺长和各种宽度
glued:v.(用胶水)粘合,粘牢,粘贴(glue的过去分词和过去式) enormous:adj.庞大的,巨大的;凶暴的,极恶的; thicknesses:n.厚度;层;浓度;含混不清;
The way I describe this best, I've found, is to say that we're all used to two-by-four construction when we think about wood. 我发现到最好的描述方法是,比如说, 我们都会想到了2乘4木块 当我们想到木头时
describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形; two-by-four:adj.不大的,小的;长宽为二寸与四寸的;n.宽四寸厚二尺的木材; construction:n.建设;建筑物;解释;造句;
That's what people jump to as a conclusion . 这是人们通常得到的结论
conclusion:n.结论;结局;推论;
Two-by-four construction is sort of like the little eight-dot bricks of Lego that we all played with as kids, and you can make all kinds of cool things out of Lego at that size, and out of two-by-fours . 2乘4木块就像 我们小时候玩的乐高小八点积木 你可以做出各种很酷的东西,就用乐高 那么小的方块,或者2乘4木块
Lego:n.乐高积木(商标名); two-by-fours:adj.不大的,小的;长宽为二寸与四寸的;n.宽四寸厚二尺的木材;
But do remember when you were a kid, and you kind of sifted through the pile in your basement, and you found that big 24-dot brick of Lego, and you were kind of like, 但是记住当你是小孩的时候, 你找遍地下室的堆积物 你会想
sifted:v.细查;详审;区分;挑选;精选;(sift的过去分词和过去式) pile:n.桩;堆;摞;桩柱;v.堆放;摞起;叠放;放置;
'"Cool, this is awesome . I can build something really big, and this is going to be great." 酷,太棒了,我可以堆些大东西了 将会很棒
awesome:adj.令人敬畏的;使人畏惧的;可怕的;极好的;
That's the change. 这就是改变
Mass timber panels are those 24-dot bricks. 大规模木板就是那些24点积木
They're changing the scale of what we can do, and what we've developed is something we call FFTT, which is a Creative Commons solution to building a very flexible system 它们改变我们能做的事的规模 我们已经开放的项目叫FFTT 这是一个创造性的公共解决方案 是为了建立一个很灵活的系统
Creative:adj.创造性的; flexible:adj.灵活的;柔韧的;易弯曲的;
of building with these large panels where we tilt up six stories at a time if we want to. 我们可以用这些大木板 一下建起6层楼,如果我们想的话。
tilt:vi.倾斜;翘起;以言词或文字抨击;vt.使倾斜;使翘起;n.倾斜;
This animation shows you how the building goes together in a very simple way, but these buildings are available for architects and engineers now to build on for different cultures in the world, different architectural styles and characters. 这个动画展示了如何简单地组合这样的建筑 但这些建筑现在已经可以供给 建筑师和工程师来建造 满足世界不同文化 不同建筑风格和特色的建筑
animation:n.活泼,生气;激励;卡通片绘制; architectural:adj.建筑学的;建筑上的;符合建筑法的;
In order for us to build safely, we've engineered these buildings, actually, to work in a Vancouver context , where we're a high seismic zone , even at 30 stories tall. 为了我们的建筑安全 事实上,我们已经模拟设计了这种楼 能适合温哥华 多震的环境 最高有30层
context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉; seismic zone:震区;
Now obviously, every time I bring this up, people even, you know, here at the conference , say, "Are you serious? Thirty stories? How's that going to happen?" 现在很明显地,每次我提到这 比如现在在会场,大家会说 “你不是开玩笑吧？30层？怎么可能？”
conference:n.会议;研讨会;商讨会;体育协会(或联合会)
And there's a lot of really good questions that are asked and important questions that we spent quite a long time working on the answers to as we put together our report and the peer reviewed report. 我们被问了很多很好的问题 还有些重要的问题让我们花了很长时间才回答 这些就发生在我们总结 我们的报告和专家评审报告时
put together:..放在一起;组合;装配; peer:n.同辈;同龄人;身份(或地位)相同的人;(英国)贵族成员;v.仔细看;端详; reviewed:v.复习;评估;评论;检讨;(review的过去分词形式)
I'm just going to focus on a few of them, and let's start with fire, because I think fire is probably the first one that you're all thinking about right now. 我打算讲其中的几个 从火灾隐患将其,因为我想火 大概是大家都想到的第一个隐患
Fair enough .
Fair enough:同意或接受但有所保留;
And the way I describe it is this. 这么说吧
If I asked you to take a match and light it and hold up a log and try to get that log to go on fire, it doesn't happen, right? We all know that. 如果我让你拿起一根火柴点燃 再拿起一节原木干并试着把它点燃 做不到,是不是？我们都知道这个常识
But to build a fire, you kind of start with small pieces of wood and you work your way up, and eventually you can add the log to the fire, and when you do add the log to the fire, of course, it burns, but it burns slowly. 但是引发一个火灾,通常是从小片的 木头开始,然后慢慢变大 最后你可以把原木干加进去 当然当你把原木加入火场 它立马就燃烧了,但是很慢
eventually:adv.最后,终于;
Well, mass timber panels, these new products that we're using, are much like the log. 那么,大规模木板,我们用的新材料 就像这原木干
It's hard to start them on fire, and when they do, they actually burn extraordinarily predictably , and we can use fire science in order to predict and make these buildings as safe as concrete and as safe as steel. 它们很难被引燃,即便要着火, 它们事实上是特别易预测地 我们可以用防火学来预测 这样这些建筑就和混凝土一样安全 和钢筋一样安全
extraordinarily:adv.非常;格外地;非凡地; predictably:adv.可预言地;
The next big issue , deforestation . 下一个大问题,毁坏树林
issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行; deforestation:n.采伐森林;森林开伐;
Eighteen percent of our contribution to greenhouse gas emissions worldwide is the result of deforestation. 全球18%的 温室气体排放 源于滥砍滥伐
worldwide:adj.全世界的;adv.在世界各地;
The last thing we want to do is cut down trees. 砍伐树木是我们最不愿做的事
Or, the last thing we want to do is cut down the wrong trees. 或者说,砍伐错误的树木是我们最不愿做的
There are models for sustainable forestry that allow us to cut trees properly, and those are the only trees appropriate to use for these kinds of systems. 已经有可持续林业学的模型 来指导我们正确地采伐 这些只是适合 我们建筑系统的树木
sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的; forestry:n.林业;森林地;林学; appropriate:adj.适当的;恰当的;v.占用,拨出;
Now I actually think that these ideas will change the economics of deforestation. 现在我想这些想法 将会改变滥伐森林的经济观
In countries with deforestation issues , we need to find a way to provide better value for the forest and actually encourage people to make money through very fast growth cycles -- 在有滥伐森林问题的国家 我们需要找到赋予 树林更高价值的方法 并鼓励大家通过 更快的生长周期来赚钱
issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
10-, 12-, 15-year-old trees that make these products and allow us to build at this scale. 10,12,15年的树适合我们的生产要求 也满足我们的构造尺度
We've calculated a 20-story building: 我们计算过一个20层楼:
We'll grow enough wood in North America every 13 minutes. 在北美,每13分钟就可以生长出足够的木材
North America:n.北美洲;
That's how much it takes. 这就是所需要的
The carbon story here is a really good one. 这种碳楼房真的非常好
If we built a 20-story building out of cement and concrete, the process would result in the manufacturing of that cement and 1,200 tonnes of carbon dioxide. 如果我们用水泥混凝土建20层楼的建筑 这过程将需要生产水泥 还产出1200吨二氧化碳
cement:n.水泥;(干燥后硬化的)水泥;胶合剂;胶接剂;v.加强;胶合; manufacturing:n.制造业;工业;v.制造;生产(manufacture的现在分词);
If we did it in wood, in this solution, we'd sequester about 3,100 tonnes, for a net difference of 4,300 tonnes. 如果我们用上面提的木材 我们将储存3100吨 相当于总共减少4300吨
sequester:v.隔离(避免陪审团与公众接触);
That's the equivalent of about 900 cars removed from the road in one year. 这相当于一年从路上 少了900辆车
equivalent:adj.等价的,相等的;同意义的;n.等价物,相等物;
Think back to that three billion people that need a new home, and maybe this is a contributor to reducing. 再回到30亿 需要一个新家的人 这会大大减少消耗
contributor:n.贡献者;投稿者;捐助者;
We're at the beginning of a revolution , I hope, in the way we build, because this is the first new way to build a skyscraper in probably 100 years or more. 我希望我们正在建筑业大变革的起点 因为这是100年甚至更长时间内第一个新的
at the beginning of:在…的开始; revolution:n.革命;旋转;运行;循环; in the way:妨碍;挡道; skyscraper:n.摩天楼,超高层大楼;特别高的东西;
But the challenge is changing society's perception of possibility, and it's a huge challenge. 但是挑战是改变社会对于这个方法可能性的认知 这是非常大的挑战
perception:n.感知;知觉;看法;洞察力;
The engineering is, truthfully , the easy part of this. 实话说,工程方面是简单的部分
truthfully:adv.诚实地;深信不疑地;
And the way I describe it is this. 可以这样理解这个问题
The first skyscraper, technically -- and the definition of a skyscraper is 10 stories tall, believe it or not — but the first skyscraper was this one in Chicago, and people were terrified to walk underneath this building. 严格说第一个摩天楼—— 按照10层楼高的定义,信不信由你—— 第一个摩天楼就是这座在芝加哥的楼 人们当时被吓得不敢在这楼下走
definition:n.定义;清晰度;(尤指词典里的词或短语的)释义;解释; underneath:prep.在…的下面;在…的支配下;n.下面;底部;adj.下面的;底层的;
But only four years after it was built, 但是仅在建好的四年后
Gustave Eiffel was building the Eiffel Tower, and as he built the Eiffel Tower, he changed the skylines of the cities of the world, changed and created a competition between places like New York City and Chicago, 埃菲尔（Gustave Eiffel）正建埃菲尔铁塔 当埃菲尔建好埃菲尔铁塔 他改变了世界的城市建筑群景观 改变也创造了城市间的竞争 比如纽约和芝加哥
skylines:n.地平线;空中轮廓线;架空索;vt.天空映衬出…的轮廓; competition:n.竞争;比赛,竞赛;
where developers started building bigger and bigger buildings and pushing the envelope up higher and higher with better and better engineering. 开发商开始建越来越大的楼 把限度提的越来越高 还有越来越好的工程设计
developers:n.开发商;发展者;[摄]显影剂(developer的复数); envelope:n.信封,封皮;包膜;[天]包层;包迹;
We built this model in New York, actually, as a theoretical model on the campus of a technical university soon to come, and the reason we picked this site 实际上,我们在纽约建造了这个模型 作为一个将建的科技大学 的校园理论模型 我们选这个地点
theoretical:adj.理论的;理论上的;假设的;推理的; campus:n.(大学)校园;大学,大学生活;校园内的草地; technical:adj.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的; site:n.地点;位置;场所;v.设置;为…选址;
to just show you what these buildings may look like, because the exterior can change. 只是要展示给你这些建筑大概会是什么样子 因为外观还会改变
exterior:n.外观;外表;adj.外面的;外部的;外表的;户外的;
It's really just the structure that we're talking about. 这仅是我们正在讨论的结构
structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造;
The reason we picked it is because this is a technical university, and I believe that wood is the most technologically advanced material I can build with. 我选它的原因是这是个科技大学 我能用的技术上最先进的材料
technologically:adv.科技地;技术上地; advanced:adj.先进的; v.前进; (advance的过去式和过去分词形式)
It just happens to be that Mother Nature holds the patent , and we don't really feel comfortable with it. 就碰巧大自然母亲拥有这项专利 我们其实有些不满这点
patent:vt.授予专利; adj.专利的; n.专利权;
But that's the way it should be, nature's fingerprints in the built environment. 但这就是它应该是的样子 在建筑环境中拥有自然的特征
I'm looking for this opportunity to create an Eiffel Tower moment, we call it. 我期待这个机会 我们称为创建埃菲尔铁塔瞬间的机会
Buildings are starting to go up around the world. 木材建筑整正开始在世界各地建起
There's a building in London that's nine stories, a new building that just finished in Australia that I believe is 10 or 11. 现在在伦敦有一个9层的 在澳大利亚刚建好 一个约10或11层的木楼
We're starting to push the height up of these wood buildings, and we're hoping, and I'm hoping, that my hometown of Vancouver actually potentially announces the world's tallest at around 20 stories in the not-so-distant future. 我们正开始提高木材建筑的高度 我们希望,我也希望 我的温哥华故乡可以 有世界上最高的,约20层高的木楼 在不远的将来
potentially:adv.可能地,潜在地;
That Eiffel Tower moment will break the ceiling, these arbitrary ceilings of height, and allow wood buildings to join the competition. 埃菲尔铁塔时刻将会打破限制 高度的强制限制 让木材建筑加入这个竞争
arbitrary:adj.[数]任意的;武断的;专制的; ceilings:n.[建]天花板(ceiling的复数);
And I believe the race is ultimately on. 我相信这个比赛最终开始了
Thank you. 谢谢大家
(Applause) （鼓掌）