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MeganMcArthur_2020W-_关于恐惧、自信和准备太空飞行的经验——对话美国国家航空航天局（nasa）的一名宇航员_-
Pat Mitchell: Welcome, Megan. 帕特·米歇尔（Pat Mitchell）: 欢迎,梅根。
Megan McArthur: Hello, Pat, thank you for having me. 梅根·麦克阿瑟（Megan McArthur）: 你好,帕特,谢谢你的邀请。
PM: Let's go with the question that I think is probably coming up for many of us. 帕:让我们先讨论一个我认为 很多人关注的问题。
This is unusual. 这件事很特别。
Pat:v.合适; n.拍打; adj.过于简易的; v.(喜爱地)轻拍;
Husband and wife, met during your training, and in the year that you got married, you both flew into space, separately . 夫妻二人, 在训练中相识, 并且在你们结婚的那年, 两人各自飞入太空。
You, on the Hubble Telescope mission and Bob on the mission to construct the space station . 你执行哈勃望远镜的任务, 而鲍勃负责建造空间站的任务。
And ironically , if your mission had gone awry or needed help, 有意思的是,如果你的使命 出了差错或需要帮助,
separately:adv.分别地;分离地;个别地; Telescope:n.望远镜;v.(使)叠套缩短;精简; mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教; construct:v.建造;创建;建筑;修建;n.概念;构筑物;结构体;建造物; space station:n.太空站;航天站;宇宙空间站; ironically:adv.讽刺地;说反话地; awry:adj.错误的;扭曲的;adv.歪曲地;歪斜地;错误地;
Bob was assigned to be on the rescue craft . 被指派到救援船上会是鲍勃。
You know, launch day is for all of us a time of great excitement , yes. 发射日对我们所有人来说 都是十分兴奋的,没错,
But also anxieties about the risk and the fear we might feel inside just watching. 不过仅是在旁观的我们, 面对风险,内心可能也会充满 担忧和恐惧。
assigned:v.分配(某物);分派;指定;委派;(assign的过去分词和过去式) rescue:n.救援;抢救;营救;获救;v.抢救;营救;援救; craft:n.工艺;船;手艺;飞行器;v.(尤指用手工)精心制作; launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射; excitement:n.兴奋;刺激;令人兴奋的事物;
How do you prepare for launch day? 你是如何为发射日做准备的？
MMA: Well, Pat, one of the most important things to focus on for me was really preparing my son and making sure that he was ready and that he enjoyed the experience of watching his father launch 梅:嗯,帕特,对我来说, 我所最需要关注的, 是帮助并确保我儿子做好准备, 能享受地观看他父亲进入太空,
and complete this mission that he'd been training for, really for most of our son's life. 并完成这个在我们儿子 出生后大部分时间里 他都在为之训练的任务。
So when we walked out onto the roof of the launch control center and we could see the rocket off in the distance and were lining up against the rail, ready for the countdown , and of course, I got my arms around him and we hear, "Three, two, one, liftoff ." 当我们走上发射控制中心的屋顶, 可以看到在远处的火箭, 我们靠着栏杆, 准备倒计时, 当然,我用胳膊搂住他, 我们听到,“三,二,一,发射。”
And then we see the rocket carrying his father you know, jumping off the launch pad . 接着,我们看到火箭载着他父亲, 你知道,从发射台上弹射出去。
And for me, it was this moment of just an outpouring of feeling and emotion that had been with me for such a long time. 对我来说, 在那个时刻, 我长时间以来的感情和情绪 全都喷涌而出。
in the distance:在远处; countdown:n.倒数计秒; liftoff:n.发射;起飞时刻;搬走; launch pad:n.(航天器等的)发射平台; outpouring:n.(感情的)迸发,倾泻;涌现;喷涌; emotion:n.强烈的感情;激情;情感;
And I'm crying and I'm laughing and I'm just shaking. 我又哭又笑,我在颤抖。
And so I had to let go of my son, who was fine, by the way , he was completely fine. 所以我得放开我儿子, 他没事,顺便说一下, 他完全没有事。
And I'm covering up my mouth because I don't know what kind of sounds I'm going to make with this complete terror and this complete joy at this moment. 我捂住了嘴, 因为我不知道我会发出什么样的声音, 当彻底的恐惧和彻底的喜悦 混杂在同一时刻。
And thinking about what it took to get there. 想想花了多少努力才达到那一刻。
by the way:顺便说一下;
My husband, you know, an accomplished astronaut, an experienced Air Force flight test engineer, he had formerly been the chief astronaut. 我丈夫,你知道, 是一位有成就的宇航员, 一位有经验的空军飞行测试工程师, 他曾任首席宇航员。
And I've watched him launch into space twice before. 我以前两次看过他发射进入太空。
And it's been terrifying every time. 每一次都很可怕。
Why is that? 为什么会怎样？
You know, of course, I love my husband, but it's more than that. 你知道,我当然爱我丈夫, 但不仅仅是如此。[02:21]
accomplished:adj.完成的;有技巧的;有学问的;v.完成;(accomplish的过去分词和过去式) Air Force:n.空军; formerly:adv.以前;原来; launch into:进入,投入; terrifying:adj.令人恐惧的;骇人的;极大的;v.使害怕,使恐怖;(terrify的现在分词)
It's that I love my husband, and right now I can't do anything at all to impact the situation. 是因为我爱我丈夫, 而我无法做任何事来影响现场情况。
I'm standing on a rooftop . 我站在屋顶上。
I have no job. 我没有职务,
I have no way to contribute . 我没有办法去帮忙。
And so that's where for me the fear comes from is that feeling of helplessness . 对我来说,我恐惧的来源 是那种无能为力的感觉。[02:33]
impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响; rooftop:n.屋顶;adj.屋顶上的; contribute:v.贡献,出力;投稿;捐献; helplessness:n.无能为力;无可奈何状态;
And so, over and over in my life, I've seen, of course, that training and preparation can get us ready for an event like that, but it's having the input , having the ability to impact your situation that is what removes the fear and balances it for you. 所以,在我一生里, 我一次又一次地看到,当然, 训练和准备可以让我们 为这样的事件做好准备, 但是只有能出力, 有能力影响你的状况, 才能消除和平衡你的恐惧。
So the education, the experience, you have to have that, but also having a voice, having an input, having a seat in the cockpit is what allows you to leave that fear behind. 所以那些训练和经验是必需的, 但同时也要有发言权,要能参与, 在驾驶舱里有一席之地, 才能把恐惧抛在脑后。
over and over:反复;再三; input:n.投入; v.把(数据等)输入计算机; cockpit:n.驾驶员座舱;战场;
PM: But what about your son, Megan? 帕:可是你的儿子怎么办,梅根？
He won't be there. 他不会在那里。
He'll be on the ground watching mommy take off into space just as he watched his dad who returned safely. 他会在地面看着妈妈飞向太空, 就像他看着平安归来的爸爸。
But have you taken special preparations for him to see mommy doing the same? 不过,你有没有做特别的准备, 让他看着妈妈以同样的方式飞向太空?
MMA: Well, his first reaction when learning that mommy was going to go into space first, he told me, "No, mommy, you can't go." 梅:嗯,他的第一反应, 当他知道妈妈也要飞入太空时, 他一开始说:“不行, 妈妈,你不能去。”
That was his very first response . 那是他的第一反应。
And then as he got more comfortable with the idea, you know, his dad went up and came back and then he said, "Well, OK, you can go for 30 days, but 180 days, that's too much. 然后,他渐渐接受了这件事, 你知道,他爸爸升空又回来了, 他就说,“好吧,你可以去 30 天, 但是 180 天,太久了。
reaction:n.反应,感应;反动,复古;反作用; response:n.响应;反应;回答;
He's also obviously seen his father go through all of this. 他显然也看到过他父亲经历这些。
And so for him, it's become this normal thing. 所以对他来说,这已经 成为一件再正常不过的事了。
This is a normal thing that mommy and daddy do. 这是爸爸妈妈的日常工作, 很正常的事。
We'll read stories back and forth while I'm here in Russia over video conference . 当我在俄罗斯这边的时候, 我们会通过视频通话, 一起反复读故事。
And I was given the idea to fill a jar with chocolate kisses and then he can have a kiss from mommy every day that I'm gone. 而且我有了个好主意, 装了一罐子的好时之吻巧克力, 这样,我不在的时候, 他每天还能得到一个妈妈的吻,
So he likes that idea very much. 他也很喜欢这个主意。
back and forth:前后移动的,来回的,反复的; conference:n.会议;研讨会;商讨会;体育协会(或联合会)
PM: Well, just to be clear, it's a great message that this young man is getting about mommy and daddy doing the same job, isn't it? 帕:嗯,我要说一下, 让这个小伙子知道 爸爸妈妈做的是同样的工作 是一件特别好的事情,不是吗？
And I just want to bring forward a quote from the SpaceX leader Gwynne Shotwell, who was asked about your going, and your husband's going, and she was questioned about your flying in the same pilot seat or spacecraft as your husband. 所以我想引用一句 太空探索技术公司（SpaceX）领导人 格温·肖特维尔（Gwynne Shotwell）说的话, 有人问她你的航天之旅, 还有你丈夫的旅程, 问的是关于你飞行所乘坐的 和你丈夫是同一个驾驶座或飞船。
And here was part of her answer: "I'd like to point out that, you know, 下面是她的提到的: “我想指出,你知道,
Megan is first and foremost an astronaut when it comes to our perspective ." 在我们眼中的梅根 首先是一名一流的宇航员。”
MMA: Well, I did want to reach through the screen and high-five Ms. Shotwell when she said that, 梅根:嗯,当格温女士这么说的时候, 我真的很想穿过屏幕和她击掌,
bring forward:提出;提前;结转; quote:v.引用;报价;举例说明;开价;为(企业的股份)上市;n.引用; spacecraft:n.[宇]宇宙飞船;航天器; first and foremost:首先;首要的是; perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的; high-five:举手击掌
I very much appreciated that remark . 我非常感激她的评价。
You know, it has changed for me over the years, the first time I flew in space 你知道,这些年来, 航空对我来说也不一样了, 我第一次飞上太空的时候,
I was married, but I was not yet a parent. 我已经结婚,但我还没为人父母。
And both my husband and I came to NASA as single people and we met and married, of course, at NASA. 我和我丈夫都是单身来到 美国国家航空航天局, 我们是在这里相识并结婚的。
appreciated:v.欣赏;感激;理解;(appreciate的过去分词和过去式) remark:v.评论;谈论;说起;n.评述;言论;谈论;引人注目;
It's a different thing to take on as a family that you're doing this thing that's for yourself. 作为一个家庭来说,这是另一回事, 因为你航天是为了自己,
It's also kind of for the greater good. 不过也是为了更伟大的事业。
The notion of exploration and discovery is something to engage in. 一种理念、 探索和发现是值得参与的。
And I think that that example, you know, for my son to see that his parents are engaged in this thing, that, yes, it takes us away from him, but these are important things to do. 我觉得我们的例子, 你知道,让我儿子看到, 他的父母都有参与探索和发现, 确实,这样让我们和他分离, 但我们所做的是很重要的事。
notion:n.观念;信念;理解; exploration:n.探索;勘探;探险;[医]探查术; engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定; engaged in:从事于;忙于;
PM: And you were in high school, Megan, when the Challenger spacecraft tragically exploded and the whole world confronted the realities of the risk that you and your husband and other brave women and men are taking. 帕:你当时在上高中,梅根, 当挑战者号飞船不幸爆炸, 整个世界都在面对这种风险的现实, 这种你和你的丈夫, 以及其他勇敢的人所冒的风险。
I remember that moment and I still hold my breath every time during each and every launch. 我还记得那一刻, 每一次发射,我都还屏住呼吸。
So how do you find the balance between knowing the risks are real and you're feeling prepared enough to do what you have to do and what you want to accomplish? 那你怎么平衡知道风险的真实存在, 和觉得你已经准备好 去执行你得完成 而且也想完成的任务?
tragically:adv.悲剧地;悲惨地; exploded:adj.分解的; v.爆炸; (explode的过去分词和过去式) confronted:v.使…无法回避;降临于;处理;面对;对抗;(confront的过去分词和过去式)
MMA: Well, the crux of it for us for feeling prepared and participating is really training. 梅:嗯,对我们来说, 做好准备和执行的关键 在于训练。
So we train our way into that seat. 我们通过训练才坐上驾驶座的。
You spend literally hundreds of hours preparing in every possible way. 为了做好方方面面的准备, 得花上几百个小时。
We break down every system into bite-sized pieces, basically . 我们基本把每个系统都拆解成小块。
crux:n.关键;难题;十字架形,坩埚; participating:v.参加;参与(participate的现在分词) literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: bite-sized:adj.很小的; basically:adv.主要地,基本上;
We have these wonderful instructors who are professional instructors, basically, and they know exactly what it's going to take for us to learn these systems inside and out. 我们有优秀的指导员, 他们都是专业的, 他们很清楚我们要怎样才能 把这些系统都里里外外地学透。
And so, sort of, one system at a time, and then they put all the systems together and then they break every possible thing that they can think of to break so that you have to, as a team, as a crew, solve these problems and work together to get through the situation. 就这样,一次一个系统地学, 然后,他们把所有系统放在一起, 把所有能拆解的东西都拆掉, 这样作为一个团队,一个机组, 你们要解决这些问题, 合作共度难关。
instructors:n.教练;讲师;指导书(instructor的复数); professional:adj.专业的;职业的;职业性的;n.专业人员;职业运动员;
And the reason that they do that is not because they think those exact things are going to happen. 他们这么做的原因 不是因为那些事真的会发生。
It's to build you up. 目的是要增强你的信心。
You prove to yourself that you have the ability to work when maybe some really terrible things are happening and to make your situation better. 你向自己证明,你有能力, 如果有很糟糕的情况发生, 你能改善你的处境。
And the thing that's going to happen isn't necessarily going to be the specific one or even hundred different scenarios that they've shown you. 而且发生的事情 也不完全就是训练中那一个, 甚至不是训练中看过的 几百种不同情况之一。
But you have worked and you have developed your skills which will support you to kind of tackle any problem that you might have, not just as a crew in the ship, 但你已经开发和锻炼了你的能力, 这些技能让你可以解决 任何可能碰到的问题, 不仅学会与舱内机组合作,
necessarily:adv.必要地;必定地,必然地; specific:adj.特殊的,特定的;明确的;详细的;[药]具有特效的;n.特性;细节;特效药; scenarios:n.情节;脚本;情景介绍(scenario的复数); tackle:v.处理; n.用具;
but now you've worked with the whole team on the ground, and you know you're going to be able to solve those situations working together. 你也学会了和地面的整个团队协调, 所以你知道你有能力团队合作, 处理好那些状况。
PM: Has there ever been a time when you felt fear, real fear or maybe just being unprepared ? 帕:你有没有感到过害怕, 真正的恐惧, 或者就是措手不及？
MMA: A couple of years ago, I had the, I'll say opportunity, but I had the situation where I was "voluntold" 梅:几年前,我有一个, 算是机会吧, 当时,我被指定
to take an assistant directorship job. 去接受一份助理主管的工作。
And it was something I was very reluctant to do, 这份工作我做得十分勉强,
unprepared:adj.无准备的;即席的;尚未准备好的; directorship:n.管理者的职位; reluctant:adj.不情愿的;勉强的;顽抗的;
I didn't feel prepared for it, 我觉得我没有足够的准备,
I didn't feel like I had the right skill set, and I didn't feel like I was going to be good at it. 我觉得我没有合适的技能, 我不觉得我能把这份工作做好。
And none of those are good feelings. 这些感觉一点都不好。
There's a part in your book, Pat, where you say, "I realized at some point that being ready could mean being ready to learn quickly while doing." 你的书里有一段, 帕特,你写道: “在某个时刻,我意识到, 所谓准备好了, 可能意味着准备好 一边实践,一边快速学习。”
And, you know, that expression , that's exactly what it means to be an astronaut. 你知道吗,这句话 正是做宇航员所需的。
I know how to do that. 我知道怎么做。
I can learn on the job, I can learn quickly. 我可以在工作中学习, 可以快速地学习。
And so I did dive into this job and I did learn quickly while on the job. 所以我便投入了这份工作, 而我也确实能够一边工作, 一边快速地学习。
expression:n.表现,表示,表达; dive:n.潜水;跳水;俯冲;猛冲;v.猛冲;(头朝下)跳入水中;[体]跳水(运动);
I can't say that I was the best person ever to hold that job, but it was important to me to do my very best and to be part of this new team. 也许我不是这份工作的最佳人选, 但是对我来说, 重要的是,我竭尽所能 并且成为了这个新团队的一员。
Women are particularly prone to this where we think, "Oh, I haven't had training for that, I haven't had a job like that before. 女性尤其容易这样想: “哦,我没有接受过这方面的培训, 我从未做过这样的工作。
I can't do it." 我做不来。”
But you can do it. 但其实,你可以做好。
You take all of the skills that you've developed and all of the other things that you're doing, and you use those to support you while you're learning quickly while doing. 你利用你所掌握的所有技能, 还有你正在做的其他事情, 让它们帮助你 一边实践,一边快速学习。
particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; prone:adj.俯卧的;有…倾向的,易于…的;
PM: Such good advice, Megan, 帕:这个建议真是非常好,梅根,
I won't be learning by doing flying into space, but taking that knowledge that we can learn by doing and we can be prepared, so important. 我不会一边学,一边飞入太空, 但我们要知道 我们能一边实践,一边学习, 我们能做好准备,这很重要。
How would you describe the changes in you personally from being off this Earth? 能不能描述一下,离开地球 对你个人产生了什么样的变化？
MMA: But in the very beginning, when I first launched into space, you're very busy, you know, on this spaceship that's just gone through a launch sequence and you have to turn your spaceship into an orbiting platform . 梅:一开始, 当我刚刚进入太空时, 会很忙,你知道, 在这艘刚刚经历了发射的飞船上, 你得把飞船变成一个轨道平台。
describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形; personally:adv.个人;亲自;本人;就本人而言; launched:v.发射;发起;开展;开始;(launch的过去式和过去分词) sequence:n.顺序; v.按顺序排列; orbiting:v.[航][天]轨道运行;轨道运动;转圈(orbit的ing形式); platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处;
And so you're very busy. 所以,你会非常忙。
So we have these books and we're heads down in the books and we're going through all the steps and moving switches and loading computer programs. 我们埋头在我们的手册里, 我们要按照步骤,操作开关, 还要加载电脑程序。
And I only had a brief moment of time to kind of look out the window and say, yep, that's where the Earth is, that's exactly where it should be, and that's how it's looked in all of the pictures I've seen growing up. 我只有很短的时间稍微看看窗外, 我看了看,没错,地球在那里, 在它该在的地方, 就像我从小在照片上看到的样子。
And I got right back to work. 然后我就又回去工作了。
And so it wasn't until I had more of an opportunity to gaze out the window for a while while I was operating the robotic arm that I could really observe the Earth. 我一直没有更多机会 好好盯着窗外看一看, 直到我在操作机械臂的时候, 我才能真正观察地球。
I remember so clearly the first time I saw a lightning storm across a huge expanse of the ocean and the lightning, it appeared in different colors, and it lights up the inside of the clouds and it makes this kind of, you know, dramatic pattern. 我清楚地记得 我第一次看到闪电风暴, 它穿过一片广阔的海洋, 那个闪电,它有不同的颜色, 把整个云层里面都照亮, 形成了这种,你知道,夸张的图案。
gaze:v.凝视;注视;盯着;n.凝视;注视; for a while:adv.片刻;暂时;一会儿;一时; robotic:adj.机器人的,像机器人的;自动的;n.机器人学; observe:v.观察;看到;庆祝;监视; lightning:n.闪电;adj.闪电般的;飞快的;突然的 expanse:n.宽阔;广阔的区域;苍天;膨胀扩张;
It was like having your own laser light show laid out below you. 那底下就像是你自己的激光秀。
And the realization struck me that this is not static . 我突然意识到这一切不是静止的。
This is not a photo. 这不是照片。
This is our Earth, it's a real living system. 这是我们的地球, 它是一个真正的生态系统。
It's hard to describe how impossibly thin it looks to you with the vast blackness of space on one side and our beautiful Earth on the other side and this just incredibly thin layer of atmosphere that's all that's keeping us and all of us alive and every life form on Earth, that's all that's keeping us alive. 很难描述这么看起来, 地球是多么脆弱, 一边是一片漆黑太空, 另一边是我们美丽的地球, 而这一层极其稀薄的大气层 维持了我们、我们所有人的生命, 还有地球上每一种生命形式, 我们全都靠着它存活。[09:54]
light show:n.(流行音乐会等的)灯光变幻表演; realization:n.实现;领悟; static:adj.静止的; n.[物]静电(干扰); impossibly:adv.不可能地;难以置信地;无法可想地; blackness:n.黑色;阴险; on the other side:另一面;在另一边; incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; layer:n.层,层次; vt.把…分层堆放; vi.形成或分成层次; atmosphere:n.大气;气氛;气压;风格; life form:n.生物;
And it's a very visceral reaction, this very strong urge to want to protect the Spaceship Earth that we're all you know, you and I are both crew members here, and, you know, we've all got to work together to take care of this ship that we're moving on through the universe. 所以会有一种发自肺腑的反应, 这种强烈的愿望要去保护 我们的“地球”号宇宙飞船,你知道, 你我都是船上的组员, 你知道,我们要齐心协力, 照顾这艘我们乘坐的船, 在宇宙中航行。
So it was a very powerful response to seeing that. 所以看到这一幕, 给我了一个非常强烈的震撼。
PM: Thank you for your work, Megan. 帕:谢谢你的贡献,梅根。
And what do you say , "Safe flight?" 你们怎么说,“一路顺风”？
Is there ...? 有没有……？[10:38]
visceral:adj.内脏的;出于本能的;发自肺腑的;粗俗的; what do you say:你说…怎么样？;
MMA: We say Godspeed or we say ad astra -- to the stars. 梅:我们会说一路平安, 或者我们说 ad astra —— 朝着星星前进。
PM: Ad astra, to the stars, Godspeed, Megan McArthur. 帕:Ad astra,朝着星星前进, 一路平安,梅根·麦克阿瑟。
Thank you. 谢谢你。
MMA: Thank you so much, Pat. 梅:非常感谢你,帕特。
Godspeed:n.祝成功;