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MartineRothblatt_2015-_我的女儿，我的老婆，我们的机器人，对永生的探索_
Chris Anderson: So I guess what we're going to do is we're going to talk about your life, and using some pictures that you shared with me. 克里斯·安德森:我们现在要做的就是 谈谈你的生活点滴, 跟大家分享你给我看的照片。
And I think we should start right here with this one. 我们就从这张开始。
Okay, now who is this? 这位是谁？
Martine Rothblatt: This is me with our oldest son Eli. 马蒂娜·罗斯布拉特:这是我跟我大儿子伊莱。
He was about age five. 他那时大约五岁。
This is taken in Nigeria right after having taken the Washington, D.C. bar exam. 这张照片是在奈及利亚拍的 就在考完华盛顿特区律师考试。
CA: Okay. But this doesn't really look like a Martine. 克里斯:好的。但这张照片看来不太像马蒂娜。
MR: Right. That was myself as a male, the way I was brought up. 马蒂娜:是的。这是我还是男性的时候,我是以男儿身出生长大。
Before I transitioned from male to female and Martin to Martine. 在我从男性马丁变为女性马蒂娜之前。
transitioned:v.过渡;转变;变迁;(transition的过去式和过去分词) female:adj.女性的;雌性的;柔弱的,柔和的;n.女人;[动]雌性动物;
CA: You were brought up Martin Rothblatt. 克里斯:你是以马丁·罗斯布拉特的身份长大。
MR: Correct. 马蒂娜:是的。
CA: And about a year after this picture, you married a beautiful woman. 克里斯:大约在拍了这张照片一年后,你娶了一位漂亮的女性。
Was this love at first sight ? What happened there? 是一见锺情吗？那是甚么样的情形呢？
love at first sight:一见钟情;一见锺情;一见倾心;闪电恋爱;
MR: It was love at the first sight . 马蒂娜:是一见锺情没错。
love at the first sight:一见钟情;一见倾心;
I saw Bina at a discotheque in Los Angeles, and we later began living together, but the moment I saw her, I saw just an aura of energy around her. 我是在洛杉矶一家迪斯可舞厅遇见碧娜, 后来我们开始同居, 当我看见她那一刻,我就看见她散发着能量。
Bina:n.坚硬粘土岩(页岩的一种); discotheque:n.迪斯科舞厅; aura:n.光环;气氛;(中风等的)预兆;气味;
I asked her to dance. 我邀请她跳舞。
She said she saw an aura of energy around me. 她说她看见活力四射的我。
I was a single male parent. She was a single female parent. 我当时是单亲爸爸,她是单亲妈妈。
We showed each other our kids' pictures, and we've been happily married for a third of a century now. 我们看了彼此小孩的照片, 我们沈浸在幸福的婚姻已达三分之一世纪。
(Applause) （掌声）
CA: And at the time, you were kind of this hotshot entrepreneur , working with satellites. 克里斯:当时你自己开创了公司, 经营人造卫星相关的行業。
hotshot:n.很有成就的人:运动高手: entrepreneur:n.企业家;承包人;主办者;
I think you had two successful companies, and then you started addressing this problem of how could you use satellites to revolutionize radio. 你有两个成功的企業, 然后你开始解决这个问题 如何利用卫星来革新广播業。
revolutionize:vt.发动革命;彻底改革;宣传革命;vi.革命化;从事革命;
Tell us about that. 请为我们说明一下。
MR: Right. I always loved space technology, and satellites, to me, are sort of like the canoes that our ancestors first pushed out into the water. 马蒂娜:我一直对太空科技很感兴趣, 卫星对我来说,就像我们祖先 第一次推到水里的独木舟。
canoes:n.独木舟(canoe的复数);划艇;v.乘独木舟(canoe的三单形式);
So it was exciting for me to be part of the navigation of the oceans of the sky, and as I developed different types of satellite communication systems, 我很兴奋的是能够参与 遨游浩瀚星海, 我发展各式卫星通讯系统,
navigation:n.导航;航行;领航;
the main thing I did was to launch bigger and more powerful satellites, the consequence of which was that the receiving antennas could be smaller and smaller, 我做的事主要是发射一个更大更强的卫星, 如此一来接收天线 可以非常的小,
launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射; consequence:n.结果;重要性;推论; antennas:n.[电讯]天线,[动]触角(antenna的复数形式);
and after going through direct television broadcasting, 有了电视直播之后,
I had the idea that if we could make a more powerful satellite, the receiving dish could be so small that it would just be a section of a parabolic dish, 我想如果能够做一个更强大的卫星, 接收盘可以做的很小 它是抛物面天线反射器的一部分,
parabolic:adj.抛物线的;比喻的;寓言的;
a flat little plate embedded into the roof of an automobile , and it would be possible to have nationwide satellite radio, and that's Sirius XM today. 一个可以装设在车顶的小片, 可以做全国性卫星广播, 也就是今天的「天狼星卫星广播」。
embedded:adj.嵌入式的;植入的;内含的;v.嵌入(embed的过去式和过去分词形式); automobile:n.汽车;v.开汽车;坐汽车;adj.自动的;
CA: Wow. So who here has used Sirius? 克里斯:哇。这里有人用过天狼星吗？
(Applause) （掌声）
MR: Thank you for your monthly subscriptions . 马蒂娜:谢谢各位每月订阅。
monthly:n.月刊:adv.每个月:每月一次:adj.每月的: subscriptions:n.订阅,订购;定期捐款;会员费;用户费;集体资助;(subscription的复数)
(Laughter) （笑声）
CA: So that succeeded despite all predictions at the time. 克里斯:接下来尽管当时有各种猜测。
despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱; predictions:n.预测,预言(prediction复数形式);
It was a huge commercial success, but soon after this, in the early 1990s, there was this big transition in your life and you became Martine. 那是一个巨大的商業上的成功, 在那不久之后, 1990 年代初, 你的生活有很大的转变你成为马蒂娜。
commercial:adj.贸易的;商业的;赢利的;以获利为目的的;n.(电台或电视播放的)广告;
MR: Correct. CA: So tell me, how did that happen? 马蒂娜:是的。克里斯:告诉我们,怎会这样？
MR: It happened in consultation with Bina and our four beautiful children, and I discussed with each of them that I felt my soul was always female, and as a woman, 马蒂娜:我和碧娜以及四个可爱的小孩商量过, 我各自和他们讨论 我觉得在我的心灵里,我是女性,
consultation:n.咨询;磋商;[临床]会诊;讨论会;
but I was afraid people would laugh at me if I expressed it, so I always kept it bottled up and just showed my male side. 可是我担心如果我讲出来会被别人嘲笑, 所以我把它藏在心里 只表现男性的一面。
expressed:v.表示;表达;显而易见;不言自明;(express的过去分词和过去式)
And each of them had a different take on this. 每个人的反应不同。
Bina said, "I love your soul, and whether the outside is Martin and Martine, it doesn't it matter to me, I love your soul." 碧娜说:「我爱你的灵魂」, 不论外表是马丁或是马蒂娜, 我不会再乎,我爱你的灵魂。
My son said, "If you become a woman, will you still be my father?" 我儿子说:你变成女人后,仍然是我爸爸吗？
And I said, "Yes, I'll always be your father," 我说:是,我永远是你爸爸,
and I'm still his father today. 我今天仍然是他的父亲。
My youngest daughter did an absolutely brilliant five-year-old thing. 我小女儿做了一个五岁小孩做的非常棒的事。
absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地;
She told people, "I love my dad and she loves me." 她说:我爱我爸爸,她也爱我。
So she had no problem with a gender blending whatsoever . 她没有性别混淆上的问题。
gender:n.性别; blending:v.使混合;掺和;混合;融合;(使)调和,协调(blend的现在分词) whatsoever:pron.无论什么;
CA: And a couple years after this, you published this book: "The Apartheid of Sex." 克里斯:之后的一二年,你出版这本书: 「性别上的种族隔离」
Apartheid:n.种族隔离;
What was your thesis in this book? 你对这本书有什么论点呢？
thesis:n.论文;论点;
MR: My thesis in this book is that there are seven billion people in the world, and actually, seven billion unique ways to express one's gender. 马蒂娜:我的论点是,世界上有七十亿人口, 就有七十亿独特的方展现性别。
unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物;
And while people may have the genitals of a male or a female, the genitals don't determine your gender or even really your sexual identity . 人们有男性和女性的生殖器官, 生殖器官不决定你的性别 甚至你真正的性别特性。
genitals:n.生殖器;外阴部; determine:v.决定;确定;测定;查明;形成;影响;裁决;安排; sexual:adj.性的;性别的;有性的; identity:n.身份;同一性,一致;特性;恒等式;
That's just a matter of anatomy and reproductive tracts , and people could choose whatever gender they want if they weren't forced by society into categories of either male or female the way South Africa used to force people into categories of black or white. 这是一个解剖学上的问题 一个生殖问题, 人们可以选择他想要的性别 如果他们不受社会分类为男性或女性 就像南非过去将人分为黑人或白人。
anatomy:n.解剖;解剖学;剖析;解析; reproductive:adj.生殖的;再生的;复制的; tracts:n.神经束;广阔的地面(tract的复数); categories:n.(人或事物的)类别,种类(category的复数)
We know from anthropological science that race is fiction, even though racism is very, very real, and we now know from cultural studies that separate male or female genders is a constructed fiction. 我们从人类学的角度来看种族是虚构的, 即使种族歧视确实存在, 从文化研究的角度, 把人分为男性或女性是想像编造出来的。
anthropological:adj.人类学的;人类学上的; racism:n.种族主义,种族歧视;人种偏见; cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; genders:n.性别;性; constructed:v.修建;建造;组成;编制,绘制;(construct的过去分词和过去式)
The reality is a gender fluidity that crosses the entire continuum from male to female. 事实上性别是 从男性到女性跨越连续整体。
fluidity:n.[流]流动性;流质;易变性; continuum:n.[数]连续统;[经]连续统一体;闭联集;
CA: You yourself don't always feel 100 percent female. 克里斯:你自己不总是感觉自己百分百是女性。
MR: Correct. I would say in some ways 马蒂娜:是的,在某些方面
I change my gender about as often as I change my hairstyle . 我变换性别就像改变发型一样频繁。
hairstyle:n.发型;
CA: (Laughs) Okay, now, this is your gorgeous daughter, Jenesis. 克里斯:（笑）,好吧,这位是你美丽的女儿,吉纳塞斯。
gorgeous:adj.华丽的,灿烂的;极好的;
And I guess she was about this age when something pretty terrible happened. 我想她大概在那个时候经历一个可怕的事情。
MR: Yes, she was finding herself unable to walk up the stairs in our house to her bedroom, and after several months of doctors, she was diagnosed to have a rare, almost invariably fatal disease called pulmonary arterial hypertension . 马蒂娜:是的,她发现自己不能爬楼梯 到自己的卧室。 看了几个月的医生之后, 她被诊断出患了一种罕见,致命的疾病 叫做肺动脉高压。
diagnosed:v.诊断(疾病);判断(问题的原因);(diagnose的过去分词和过去式) invariably:adv.总是;不变地;一定地; fatal:adj.致命的;灾难性的;毁灭性的;导致失败的; disease:n.病,[医]疾病;弊病;vt.传染;使…有病; pulmonary:adj.肺的;有肺的;肺状的; arterial:adj.[解剖]动脉的;干线的;像动脉的; hypertension:n.高血压;过度紧张;
CA: So how did you respond to that? 克里斯:你怎么看待这件事？
respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和;
MR: Well, we first tried to get her to the best doctors we could. 马蒂娜:首先我们试着幫她找最好的医生。
We ended up at Children's National Medical Center in Washington, D.C. 我们最后在华盛顿特区找到国家儿童医疗中心。
The head of pediatric cardiology told us that he was going to refer her to get a lung transplant , but not to hold out any hope, because there are very few lungs available, especially for children. 小儿心脏科主任 告诉我们他会幫她取得肺做移植, 但是没有抱太大的希望, 因为可以移植的肺很少, 特别是小孩子的。
pediatric:adj.小儿科的; cardiology:n.[内科]心脏病学; refer:v.参考;涉及;提到;查阅; transplant:v.移植;迁移;使移居;n.移植;移居者; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
He said that all people with this illness died, and if any of you have seen the film "Lorenzo's Oil," 他说得这种病的人都去世了, 如果你们有人看过「罗伦佐的油」这部电影,
there's a scene when the protagonist kind of rolls down the stairway crying and bemoaning the fate of his son, and that's exactly how we felt about Jenesis. 有一幕是主角 从楼梯滚下来为他儿子的命运哭泣和悲恸, 这种感受就是我对吉纳塞斯的感受一样。
protagonist:n.主角,主演;主要人物,领导者; stairway:n.阶梯,楼梯; bemoaning:vt.惋惜;为…恸哭;vi.叹息;
CA: But you didn't accept that as the limit of what you could do. 克里斯:但你不接受这只是你能够做的事。
You started trying to research and see if you could find a cure somehow . 你开始尝试研究是否能够找到一个治疗方法。
somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地;
MR: Correct. She was in the intensive care ward for weeks at a time, and Bina and I would tag team to stay at the hospital while the other watched the rest of the kids, 马蒂娜:是的。她在加护病房一住就好几周, 碧娜和我分工合作一个在医院 另一个就在家照顾其他小孩。
intensive care:n.(医院里的)特别护理病房;重症监护; ward:n.病房; v.防止;
and when I was in the hospital and she was sleeping, 当我在医院而且她睡着之后,
I went to the hospital library. 我到医院的图书馆。
I read every article that I could find on pulmonary hypertension. 我读了所有我能找到的肺动脉高压的文章。
I had not taken any biology , even in college, so I had to go from a biology textbook to a college-level textbook and then medical textbook and the journal articles, back and forth , 我没接触过生物学,甚至在大学也没修过这个科目, 所以我从入门生物学开始到大学等级的课本 再到医学教科书,期刊的文章,反覆地研读,
biology:n.(一个地区全部的)生物;生物学; journal:n.杂志;日记;日志;(用于报纸名)…报; back and forth:前后移动的,来回的,反复的;
and eventually I knew enough to think that it might be possible that somebody could find a cure. 最后我有足够的知识认为这是有可能 可以到到治疗的方法。
eventually:adv.最后,终于;
So we started a nonprofit foundation . 我们成立一个非营利的基金会。
nonprofit:adj.非赢利的;不以赢利为目的的; foundation:n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立;
I wrote a description asking people to submit grants and we would pay for medical research. 我写了一个说明书让人们提出申请 我们付医疗研究经费。
description:n.说明;形容;描写(文字);类型; submit:vt.使服从;主张;呈递;vi.提交;服从; grants:n.补助金; v.[专利]授予;
I became an expert on the condition -- doctors said to me, Martine, we really appreciate all the funding you've provided us, but we are not going to be able to find a cure in time to save your daughter. 我成了这方面的专家,马蒂娜,医生这么对我说。 我们非常感激你提供资金, 但是我们无法即时找到治疗的方法 来挽救你女儿的生命。
appreciate:v.欣赏;感激;感谢;理解; funding:n.基金;资金;提供资金;v.为…提供资金;拨款给;(fund的现在分词) provided:conj.假如; v.提供; (provide的过去分词和过去式)
However, there is a medicine that was developed at the Burroughs Wellcome Company that could halt the progression of the disease, but Burroughs Wellcome has just been acquired by Glaxo Wellcome. 但是,有一种药 是由宝威药厂所研发的 可以让控制病情恶化, 宝威药厂刚被葛兰素惠康公司收购。
halt:v.停止;立定;踌躇,犹豫;n.停止;立定;休息; progression:n.前进;连续; acquired:adj.习得的; v.获得; (acquire的过去分词和过去式)
They made a decision not to develop any medicines for rare and orphan diseases , and maybe you could use your expertise in satellite communications to develop this cure for pulmonary hypertension. 他们决定不再开发 罕见疾病的药。 或许你可以用你在卫星通讯的专长 来开发肺动脉高压的治疗方法。
orphan:adj.孤儿的;无双亲的;n.孤儿;vt.使成孤儿; diseases:n.[医]病(disease的复数);[医]疾病;[植保]病害;疾病种类; expertise:n.专门知识;专门技术;专家的意见;
CA: So how on earth did you get access to this drug? 克里斯:你究竟是如何拿到这个药呢？
MR: I went to Glaxo Wellcome and after three times being rejected and having the door slammed in my face because they weren't going to out-license the drug to a satellite communications expert, 马蒂娜:我去了葛兰素惠康公司 被他们摔门拒絶三次之后 因为他们不愿意将药品的许可证 发给一个卫星通讯专家,
rejected:adj.被拒的;不合格的;v.拒绝,驳回;(reject的过去式和过去分词) slammed:v.(使…)砰地关上;使劲一推;猛烈抨击;(slam的过去分词和过去式)
they weren't going to send the drug out to anybody at all, and they thought I didn't have the expertise, finally I was able to persuade a small team of people to work with me and develop enough credibility . 他们不愿意将药给任何人使用, 他们想我没这方面的专業知识, 最后我说服一个小团队和我合作 建立相当的可信度。
finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; persuade:v.说服;劝说;使信服;使相信; credibility:n.可信性;确实性;
I wore down their resistance , and they had no hope this drug would even work, by the way , and they tried to tell me, "You're just wasting your time. 我减少他们抗拒的心理, 他们对这个药不抱任何希望, 他们试图告诉我,「你是在浪费时间。
resistance:n.电阻;抵抗;阻力;抗力; by the way:顺便说一下;
We're sorry about your daughter." 我们为你的女儿感到遗憾。」
But finally, for 25,000 dollars and agreement to pay 10 percent of any revenues we might ever get, they agreed to give me worldwide rights to this drug. 最后,以二万五千美元的价格 以及支付我们营收百分之十 他们同意把这药的全球使用权给我。
revenues:n.[会计]收入;税收;[会计]收益;营业收入(revenue的复数形式); worldwide:adj.全世界的;adv.在世界各地;
CA: And so you put this drug on the market in a really brilliant way, by basically charging what it would take to make the economics work. 克里斯:你聪明地把药推到市场, 只收取能维持运作的成本价。
on the market:上市;出售的; basically:adv.主要地,基本上;
MR: Oh yes, Chris, but this really wasn't a drug that I ended up -- after I wrote the check for 25,000, and I said, "Okay, where's the medicine for Jenesis?" 马蒂娜:是的,克里斯但这不是一种成药, 当我签下二万五千美金的支票后, 我问说:「吉纳塞斯的药在那里？」
they said, "Oh, Martine, there's no medicine for Jenesis. 他们说:「还没有药可治疗吉纳塞斯。
This is just something we tried in rats." 这药只是在老鼠身上测试过。」
And they gave me, like, a little plastic Ziploc bag of a small amount of powder . 他们给我像这样一个小的密封袋 里面装有一些粉末。
Ziploc bag:n.密保诺保鲜袋;自封袋;夹链袋; powder:n.粉末;细面;扑面粉;美容粉;v.傅粉;抹粉;
They said, "Don't give it to any human," 他们说:「不要给人吃这药,」
and they gave me a piece of paper which said it was a patent , and from that, we had to figure out a way to make this medicine. 他们给我一张纸,说这是一个专利, 从那时候开始,我们必须自己找出方法去制作这个药。
patent:vt.授予专利; adj.专利的; n.专利权;
A hundred chemists in the U.S. at the top universities all swore that little patent could never be turned into a medicine. 美国上百位顶尖大学的化学家 都认为这个小小专利是无法变成成药。
chemists:n.化学家(chemist的复数);药剂师;
If it was turned into a medicine, it could never be delivered because it had a half-life of only 45 minutes. 就算可以作成药,也不能贩售 因为这药只有 45 分钟的寿命。
half-life:n.[核]半衰期;
CA: And yet, a year or two later, you were there with a medicine that worked for Jenesis. 克里斯:即使如此,一两年后,你把它做成药 可以治疗吉娜塞斯。
MR: Chris, the astonishing thing is that this absolutely worthless piece of powder that had the sparkle of a promise of hope for Jenesis is not only keeping Jenesis and other people alive today, but produces almost a billion and a half dollars a year in revenue. 马蒂娜:克里斯,令人意想不到的是这毫无价值 粉末 给予治疗吉娜塞斯一线希望之光 不但救了吉娜塞斯和其他人的生命, 也创造了每年将近十五亿美金的营收。
astonishing:adj.令人十分惊讶的;v.使十分惊讶;使吃惊;(astonish的现在分词) worthless:adj.无价值的;不值钱的;卑微的; sparkle:v.闪烁;闪耀;生气勃勃;神采飞扬;n.闪烁(或闪耀)的光;生动新颖;亮点;
(Applause) （掌声）
CA: So here you go. 克里斯:真是太棒了。
So you took this company public, right? 你将这个公司上市,是吗？
And made an absolute fortune . 还赚了大钱。
fortune:n.财富;命运;运气;v.给予财富,偶然发生
And how much have you paid Glaxo, by the way, after that 25,000? 在付了二万五千美金之后,你付了多少钱给葛兰素？
MR: Yeah, well, every year we pay them 10 percent of 1.5 billion, 150 million dollars, last year 100 million dollars. 马蒂娜:每一年我们付十五亿的百分之十, 也就是一亿五千万,去年是付一亿元。
It's the best return on investment they ever received. (Laughter) 这是他们最好的投资报酬（笑）
investment:n.投资;投入;封锁;
CA: And the best news of all, I guess, is this. 克里斯:我猜最好的消息 是这个。
MR: Yes. Jenesis is an absolutely brilliant young lady. 马蒂娜:是的。吉娜塞斯是个才华横溢的女孩。
She's alive, healthy today at 30. 她健康地活下来,今年 30 岁。
You see me, Bina and Jenesis there. 这是我,碧娜和吉纳塞斯。
The most amazing thing about Jenesis is that while she could do anything with her life, and believe me, if you grew up your whole life with people in your face saying that you've got a fatal disease, 吉纳塞斯最了不起的是: 她可以自己做任何事情, 相信我,如果在你成长的过程中 人们对你说你得了一种致命疾病,
in your face:挑衅;咄咄逼人的;
I would probably run to Tahiti and just not want to run into anybody again. 我可能会跑大溪地,不想再遇到这些人。
Tahiti:n.塔希提岛(位于南太平洋,法属波利西亚的经济活动中心);
But instead she chooses to work in United Therapeutics . 但她却选择在联合治疗公司工作。
United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式) Therapeutics:n.疗法,治疗学;
She says she wants to do all she can to help other people with orphan diseases get medicines, and today, she's our project leader for all telepresence activities, 她说她要尽其所能幫助其他 患有罕见疾病的人取得药物, 如今,她是我们远程出席活动专案的负责人,
telepresence:n.思科网真(一种通过结合高清晰度视频,音频和交互式组件,在网络上创建一种独特的"面对面"体验的新型技术);
where she helps digitally unite the entire company to work together to find cures for pulmonary hypertension. 协助整个公司进行数位联合整合工作 以取得治疗肺高压的方法。
digitally:adv.数位;
CA: But not everyone who has this disease has been so fortunate . 克里斯:但并不是所有患有这种疾病的人都如此幸运。
fortunate:adj.幸运的;交好运的;吉利的;
There are still many people dying, and you are tackling that too. How? 有许多人死于这种病,你也着手处理这个问题,你是如何办到的？
tackling:n.装备,用具;扭住;v.处理;抓住;(tackle的现在分词);
MR: Exactly, Chris. There's some 3,000 people a year in the United States alone, perhaps 10 times that number worldwide, who continue to die of this illness because the medicines slow down the progression but they don't halt it. 马蒂娜:的确是,克里斯。美国每年大约有三千人, 全世界的人数大约有 10 倍之多, 死于这种疾病 因为这个药减缓病情 但无法治疗此病。
The only cure for pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis , emphysema , 唯一可以治疗肺高压、肺纤维化、 囊肿性纤维化、肺气肿、
cystic fibrosis:n.囊性纤维化; emphysema:n.[临床]气肿;肺气肿;
COPD, what Leonard Nimoy just died of, is a lung transplant, but sadly, there are only enough available lungs for 2,000 people in the U.S. a year to get a lung transplant, whereas nearly a half million people a year die of end-stage lung failure. 慢性阻塞性肺病,李纳德·尼摩刚死于这种病, 只有肺部移植一途, 但遗憾的是,美国每年只可提供给二千个人 进行肺部移植。 每年有将近五十万人 死于末期肺衰竭。
whereas:conj.然而;鉴于;反之; end-stage:终末期;最后阶段;阶段;
CA: So how can you address that? 克里斯:你如何处理这个问题？
MR: So I conceptualize the possibility that just like we keep cars and planes and buildings going forever with an unlimited supply of building parts and machine parts, 马蒂娜:我将可能性概念化 就像我们可以让汽车,飞机 和建筑物永远存在 无限制提供建筑物和机器所需的零件,
conceptualize:vt.使概念化;vi.概念化; unlimited:adj.无限制的;无限量的;无条件的;
why can't we create an unlimited supply of transplantable organs to keep people living indefinitely , and especially people with lung disease. 我们为何不建立一个无限量可供移植的器官 让人们一直生存下去, 特别是有肺部疾病的人。
transplantable:adj.可移植的,可移种的; organs:n.[生物]器官;机构;风琴(organ的复数); indefinitely:adv.不确定地,无限期地;模糊地,不明确地;
So we've teamed up with the decoder of the human genome , Craig Venter , and the company he founded with Peter Diamandis, the founder of the X Prize, to genetically modify the pig genome 所以我们与人类基因解密者克莱格·凡特, 以及和他一起成立 X-Prize 公司的彼得·戴曼迪斯一起合作, 从基因方面去改造 猪的基因组。
teamed up with:与…合作,与…协作; decoder:n.解码器,译码器;译码员; genome:n.基因组;染色体组; Venter:n.腹部;腹面;母; founder:vi.失败;沉没;倒塌;变跛;vt.破坏;使摔倒;垮掉;n.创始人;建立者;翻沙工; genetically:adv.从遗传学角度;从基因方面; modify:vt.修改,修饰;更改;vi.修改;
so that the pig's organs will not be rejected by the human body and thereby to create an unlimited supply of transplantable organs. 这样人的身体不会对猪的器官产生排斥作用, 才可能提供无限量的 可供移植的器官。
thereby:adv.从而,因此;在那附近;在那方面;
We do this through our company, United Therapeutics. 我们透过我们的公司,联合治疗公司来做这件事。
CA: So you really believe that within, what, a decade, that this shortage of transplantable lungs maybe be cured, through these guys? 克里斯:你很确信在十年内, 可移植肺短缺的问题,可透过这方法解决？
shortage:n.短缺;不足;缺少;
MR: Absolutely, Chris. 马蒂娜:絶对可以,克里斯。
I'm as certain of that as I was of the success that we've had with direct television broadcasting, Sirius XM. 我对这件事很确定,正如我对 天狼星电视广播系统的成功一样肯定。
It's actually not rocket science . 它其实不是像火箭科学那么高深。
not rocket science:很简单的事;
It's straightforward engineering away one gene after another. 而是简单的工程不断地一个基因复制另一个。
straightforward:adj.简单的;坦率的;明确的;径直的;adv.直截了当地;坦率地; engineering:n.工程;工程学;v.密谋策划;设计制造;改变…的基因;(engineer的现在分词)
We're so lucky to be born in the time that sequencing genomes is a routine activity, and the brilliant folks at Synthetic Genomics are able to zero in on the pig genome, find exactly the genes that are problematic , and fix them. 我们很幸运生于这个年代,基因定序 是一个平常的事, 合成基因组公司的优秀人员 能够聚焦在猪的基因组 准确找到有问题基因,然后修复它们。
sequencing:n.[计]排序; v.[计]定序(sequence的ing形式); genomes:n.[遗]基因组(genome复数); Synthetic:adj.综合的;合成的,人造的;n.合成物; Genomics:n.基因组学;基因体学; zero in on:向…集中注意力;对准…; genes:n.基因;(gene的复数) problematic:adj.问题的;有疑问的;不确定的;
CA: But it's not just bodies that -- though that is amazing. 克理斯:不只是身体,这令人赞叹。
(Applause) （掌声）
It's not just long-lasting bodies that are of interest to you now. 你现在的兴趣,不只是身体上长寿。
long-lasting:adj.持续时间长的;
It's long-lasting minds. 也是心灵上的长存。
And I think this graph for you says something quite profound . 我想这图片对你来说意义深远。
profound:adj.深厚的;意义深远的;渊博的;
What does this mean? 这代表什么意义呢？
MR: What this graph means, and it comes from Ray Kurzweil, is that the rate of development in computer processing hardware , firmware and software, has been advancing along a curve 马蒂娜:这张图是的雷·庫兹韦尔作品, 计算机处理发展的速度 包括硬体,靭体和软体, 都是以曲线的速度发展
processing:v.加工;处理;审核;数据处理;v.列队行进;缓缓前进;(process的现在分词) hardware:n.计算机硬件;五金器具; firmware:n.固件;韧件; curve:n.曲线;弯曲;曲面;弧线;v.(使)沿曲线移动;呈曲线形;
such that by the 2020s, as we saw in earlier presentations today, there will be information technology that processes information and the world around us at the same rate as a human mind. 在 2020 以前,我们今天稍早的演讲所看到的, 资讯科技 在处理我们所处世界的资讯 达到与人脑相同的速度。
presentations:n.展示;自我介绍;业务陈述(presentation的复数形式); information technology:n.信息技术; processes:n.过程; v.处理(process的第三人称单数形式);
CA: And so that being so, you're actually getting ready for this world by believing that we will soon be able to, what, actually take the contents of our brains and somehow preserve them forever? 克里斯:因为如此,你已经准备好 相信这个很快就会达成, 将大脑的里的东西永远保存下来？
contents:n.内容; v.知足; (content的第三人称单数和复数) preserve:vt.保存;保护;维持;腌;禁猎;n.保护区;禁猎地;加工成的食品;
How do you describe that? 你如何描述这个？
describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形;
MR: Well, Chris, what we're working on is creating a situation where people can create a mind file, and a mind file is the collection of their mannerisms , personality , recollection , feelings, beliefs, attitudes and values, 马蒂娜:克里斯,我们现在做的是创造一个情境 人们可以建立一个心智资料檔案, 心智资料檔收集个人独特的特性, 回忆、感觉、 信仰、态度和价值观。
mannerisms:n.特殊习惯;矫揉造作;怪癖; personality:n.性格;个性;人格;魅力;气质;名人;特色; recollection:n.回忆;回忆起的事物; attitudes:n.态度,看法(attitude复数);
everything that we've poured today into Google , into Amazon , into Facebook, and all of this information stored there will be able, in the next couple decades, 今天任何我们在谷歌,亚马逊和脸书上传的资料, 这些保存在那里的资讯,在往后的二三十年里,
poured:v.使(液体)连续流出;倾倒;倒出;喷发;(pour的过去分词和过去式) Google:谷歌;谷歌搜索引擎; Amazon:亚马逊;古希腊女战士;
once software is able to recapitulate consciousness , be able to revive the consciousness which is imminent in our mind file. 一旦软体能够复述感官意识 就可以将心智资料还原为感官意识。
recapitulate:vi.概括;重述要点;摘要;vt.概括;重述要点;摘要; consciousness:n.意识;知觉;觉悟;感觉; revive:vi.复兴;复活;苏醒;恢复精神;vt.使复兴;使苏醒;回想起;重演,重播;
CA: Now you're not just messing around with this. 克里斯:你不只是说说而已。
messing:v.使不整洁;弄脏;弄乱;随地便溺;(mess的现在分词)
You're serious. I mean, who is this? 你是认真看待这件事,这是谁？
MR: This is a robot version of my beloved spouse , Bina. 马蒂娜:这是机器人版的我的老婆,碧娜。
beloved:adj.心爱的;挚爱的;n.心爱的人;亲爱的教友; spouse:n.配偶;vt.和…结婚;
And we call her Bina 48. 我们称她为碧娜 48。
She was programmed by Hanson Robotics out of Texas. 她是由德州汉森机器人技术公司所设计。
Robotics:n.机器人学;
There's the centerfold from National Geographic magazine with one of her caregivers , and she roams the web and has hundreds of hours of Bina's mannerisms, personalities . 这是国家地理杂志的中间折页 和她的一个居家照顾者一起, 她能上网 她有数百小时碧娜的特性的资料。
centerfold:n.(杂志的)裸体照片插页,中间插页; Geographic:adj.地理的;地理学的; caregivers:n.照顾者;看护人(caregiver的复数); roams:vi.漫游,漫步;流浪;vt.在…漫步,漫游;在…流浪;n.漫步,漫游;流浪; personalities:n.性格;个性;人格;气质;名人;(personality的复数)
She's kind of like a two-year-old kid, but she says things that blow people away , best expressed by perhaps a New York Times Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Amy Harmon who says her answers are often frustrating , but other times as compelling as those of any flesh person she's interviewed . 她像是一个两岁小孩, 她讲的话会把人吓一跳, 最有力的评论来自于 纽约时报记者普立兹奖得主艾米·哈蒙所说, 她的回答经常让人感到泄气, 但有时又和她采访过的人的回答一样令人信服。
blow people away:令人流连忘返; Pulitzer:n.普利策; Prize-winning:获奖的; journalist:n.新闻工作者;报人;记日志者; frustrating:adj.令人沮丧的;v.使沮丧;(frustrate的现在分词) compelling:adj.引人入胜的; v.强迫; (compel的现在分词) flesh:n.肉;肉体;v.喂肉给…;发胖; interviewed:v.对(某人)进行面试(或面谈); (媒体)采访(interview的过去分词和过去式)
CA: And is your thinking here, part of your hope here, is that this version of Bina can in a sense live on forever, or some future upgrade to this version can live on forever? 克里斯:你认为,你希望 这版本的碧娜可永生,或升级一些特征的版本 可以永生？
in a sense:在某种意义上; upgrade:v.使升级;提升;改良品种;n.升级;上升;上坡;adv.往上;adj.向上的;
MR: Yes. Not just Bina, but everybody. 马蒂娜:是的,不只是碧娜,而是所有人。
You know, it costs us virtually nothing to store our mind files on Facebook, Instagram , what-have-you. 你知道,储存心智资料檔案的成本几乎是零 脸书,Instagram,诸如此类的社群网站。
virtually:adv.事实上,几乎;实质上; Instagram:照片分享(一款运行在iPhone平台上的应用程序);
Social media is I think one of the most extraordinary inventions of our time, and as apps become available that will allow us to out-Siri Siri , better and better, and develop consciousness operating systems, everybody in the world, billions of people, will be able to develop mind clones of themselves that will have their own life on the web. 社群媒体我认为是这个时代最好的发明。 应用程式越来越多元让我们 把 Siri 这样的应用程式做得更好, 发展出有意识的作業系统, 世界上的任何人,几亿人, 能够复制自己的思想。 将他们的生活资料放在网路上。
media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉; extraordinary:adj.非凡的;特别的;离奇的;临时的;特派的; Siri:n.iPhone4S上的语音控制功能; clones:n.无性繁殖系个体; v.复制(clone的单三形式);
CA: So the thing is, Martine, that in any normal conversation, this would sound stark-staring mad, but in the context of your life, what you've done, some of the things we've heard this week, the constructed realities that our minds give, 克里斯:问题是,马蒂娜, 在平常的谈话,这听起来简直是疯了, 你生活的点点滴滴,你做过的事, 这个礼拜你所听到的事, 我们的大脑所建构出的事实,
context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉;
I mean, you wouldn't bet against it. 我的意思是,你会去做。
bet:n.打赌;赌注;预计;估计;v.下赌注(于);用…打赌;敢说;八成儿;
MR: Well, I think it's really nothing coming from me. 马蒂娜:是,其实我没做些什么。
If anything, I'm perhaps a bit of a communicator of activities that are being undertaken by the greatest companies in China, Japan, India, the U.S., Europe. 有的话,我大概只当一个沟通者的角色 为经营优秀的公司传递活动讯息 那些公司在中国、日本、印度、美国和欧洲。
communicator:n.传播者;发报机;通信员; undertaken:v.从事;开始进行(undertake的过去分词);
There are tens of millions of people working on writing code that expresses more and more aspects of our human consciousness, and you don't have to be a genius to see that all these threads 有千万人写程式码 以表达更多的人类意识, 你不是一个天才也可看出这些线索
expresses:表达(express的动词单数第三人称形式);[交]快车;快递(express的名词复数); aspects:n.方面;相位;面貌(aspect的复数); genius:n.天才;天资;才能,本领; threads:n.线; v.穿(针); (thread的第三人称单数和复数)
are going to come together and ultimately create human consciousness, and it's something we'll value. 将会整合在一起,最后创造出人类意识, 这是我们所重视的。
ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究;
There are so many things to do in this life, and if we could have a simulacrum , a digital doppelg?nger of ourselves that helps us process books, do shopping, be our best friends, 人生中有许多的事要做, 如果我们有一个面貌极像自己的机器人 幫助我们读书,购物, 成为我们的好朋友,
simulacrum:n.像;幻影;影;
I believe our mind clones, these digital versions of ourselves, will ultimately be our best friends, and for me personally and Bina personally, we love each other like crazy . 我认为复制我们的思想,那些数位版的自己, 最终会成为我们最好的朋友, 对我和碧娜而言, 我们疯狂地爱着对方。
personally:adv.个人;亲自;本人;就本人而言; like crazy:拼命地;发疯似的;
Each day, we are always saying, like, "Wow, I love you even more than 30 years ago. 每天,我们都会说着这样的话, 「我比三十年前还爱你。」
And so for us, the prospect of mind clones and regenerated bodies is that our love affair , Chris, can go on forever. 对我们来说,心灵复制的可能性 身体的再生 是我们的爱情关系,克里斯可以持续到永远。
prospect:n.展望;前景;希望;前途;v.勘探;探矿; regenerated:adj.再生的;v.再生;革新(regenerate的过去式和过去分词); love affair:n.风流韵事;(非夫妻间的)性关系;强烈的兴趣;
And we never get bored of each other. I'm sure we never will. 我们从不彼此感到厌烦。我肯定以后也不会。
bored:adj.无聊的;厌倦的;烦闷的;v.使厌烦;钻,凿,挖;(bore的过去分词和过去式)
CA: I think Bina's here, right? MR: She is, yeah. 克里斯:碧娜在场,是吗？马蒂娜:是的,她在。
CA: Would it be too much, I don't know, do we have a handheld mic? 克里斯:我会不会要求太多,有手持式麦克风吗？
handheld:adj.掌上型;手持型;
Bina, could we invite you to the stage? I just have to ask you one question. 碧娜,我们可以邀请你上台？我只有一个问题非问不可。
Besides , we need to see you. 除此之外,我们很想看看你。
Besides:adv.此外;而且;prep.除…之外;
(Applause) （掌声）
Thank you, thank you. 谢谢,谢谢。
Come and join Martine here. 来和马蒂娜坐一起。
I mean, look, when you got married, if someone had told you that, in a few years time, the man you were marrying would become a woman, and a few years after that, you would become a robot -- 当你结婚的时候, 如果有人告诉你,几年之后, 你嫁的这个男人会变成一个女人, 然后再过几年之后,你会变成一个机器人,
(Laughter) -- how has this gone? How has it been? （笑声） 这是怎么一个情况？
Bina Rothblatt: It's been really an exciting journey , and I would have never thought that at the time, but we started making goals and setting those goals and accomplishing things, 碧娜·罗新布拉特:这是一个令人非常兴奋的旅程, 我当时从没想过, 当我开始设定目标,着手执行目标 完成一些事情,
journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行; accomplishing:完成;
and before you knew it, we just keep going up and up and we're still not stopping, so it's great. 在意识到之前,我们不断往前行 到现在还没停下来,这很棒。
CA: Martine told me something really beautiful, just actually on Skype before this, which was that he wanted to live for hundreds of years as a mind file, but not if it wasn't with you. 克里斯:马蒂娜告诉我一些美好的事, 是在之前我们以 Skype 通话的时候, 他希望能够活个几百年 透过心智檔案资料的方式, 但没有你的话,他就不做这件事。
Skype:n.网络电话(一个网络语音沟通工具);
BR: That's right, we want to do it together. 碧娜:对的,我们要一起做这件事。
We're cryonicists as well, and we want to wake up together. 我们做人体冷藏法一起醒来。
CA: So just so as you know, from my point of view , this isn't only one of the most astonishing lives I have heard, it's one of the most astonishing love stories I've ever heard. 克里斯:如你所知,从我的角度来看, 这不仅是我听过的最精彩的人生故事, 也是我听过最精彩的爱情故事之一。
point of view:观点;见地;立场;
It's just a delight to have you both here at TED. 非常高兴两位能来到 TED。
delight:n.高兴;vi.高兴;vt.使高兴;
Thank you so much. 非常谢谢你。
MR: Thank you. 马蒂娜:谢谢你。
(Applause) （掌声）