|
|
MarkShaw_2013-_一个非常“干燥”的演示_
|
| I'm here to show you how something you can't see can be so much fun to look at. |
我来给大家展示 认识我们看不到的东西是件多么有趣的事情。 |
| You're about to experience a new, available and exciting technology that's going to make us rethink how we waterproof our lives. |
你们马上要体验到一种全新的,已经可用的, 令人激动的科技如何能让我们的生活 保持干爽。 |
|
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; rethink:v.重新考虑;再想;n.重新考虑;反思;新想法; waterproof:adj.防水的,不透水的;v.使防水;n.防水材料;
|
| What I have here is a cinder block that we've coated half with a nanotechnology spray that can be applied to almost any material. |
我这边有一块儿煤渣砖。 我们在它的半面喷上了纳米技术涂层。 这种涂层几乎可以在任何材料上使用。 |
|
cinder block:n.煤渣砌块; nanotechnology:n.纳米技术; spray:n.喷雾; v.喷; applied:adj.应用的;实用的;v.应用;使用;申请,请求;(apply的过去分词和过去式)
|
| It's called Ultra-Ever Dry, and when you apply it to any material, it turns into a superhydrophobic shield . |
它叫做“极度干燥”。 当你把它用在任何材料上时, 它会变成一层超疏水保护层。 |
|
apply:v.申请;涂,敷;应用;适用;请求; superhydrophobic:超疏水; shield:n.盾;防护物;保护者;v.遮蔽;包庇;避开;保卫;
|
| So this is a cinder block, uncoated , and you can see that it's porous , it absorbs water. |
看煤渣砖这边没有涂保护层的地方, 大家可以看到水渗进去了。 |
|
uncoated:adj.未经涂布的;不加涂层的;裸露的; porous:adj.多孔渗水的;能渗透的;有气孔的; absorbs:v.吸收;吸引…的注意(absorb的第三人称单数形式);
|
| Not anymore. |
没有渗进去。 |
| Porous, nonporous . |
渗水,不渗水 |
|
nonporous:adj.无孔的,无孔隙的;
|
| So what's superhydrophobic? |
那么什么是超疏水？ |
| Superhydrophobic is how we measure a drop of water on a surface. |
它是用来测量 一个表面上的水滴的。 |
| The rounder it is, the more hydrophobic it is, and if it's really round, it's superhydrophobic. |
水滴越圆,越疏（防）水。 如果水滴非常圆的话,就叫超疏水了。 |
|
rounder:n.酒鬼;惯犯;看夜人;搓圆机;巡回者;
|
| A freshly waxed car, the water molecules slump to about 90 degrees. |
刚上过蜡的汽车,水分子与平面的接触角弧度 突降到大概90度。 |
|
freshly:adv.新近;精神饱满地; waxed:v.给…打蜡;用蜡除去…上的毛;(wax的过去分词和过去式) molecules:n.[化学]分子,微粒;[化学]摩尔(molecule的复数); slump:vi.下降,衰落; vt.使降低; n.衰退;
|
| A windshield coating is going to give you about 110 degrees. |
一扇挡风玻璃涂层大概是110度。 |
|
windshield:n.挡风玻璃;
|
| But what you're seeing here is 160 to 175 degrees, and anything over 150 is superhydrophobic. |
但是你看这边是160到175度之间 所有超过150度的都叫做超疏水。 |
| So as part of the demonstration , what I have is a pair of gloves, and we've coated one of the gloves with the nanotechnology coating, and let's see if you can tell which one, and I'll give you a hint . |
接下来的一个演示 我有一双手套 其中一只涂了 纳米科技涂层 看看大家能不能看出是哪一只 我来给你们一个提示。 |
|
demonstration:n.示范;演示;论证;证明; hint:n.提示;暗示;迹象;窍门;v.暗示;透露;示意;
|
| Did you guess the one that was dry? |
大家猜的是干的那只吗？ |
| When you have nanotechnology and nanoscience, what's occurred is that we're able to now look at atoms and molecules and actually control them for great benefits. |
当我们有了纳米科技和纳米科学, 我们现在就可以 了解原子和分子,让它们 造福人类。 |
|
occurred:v.发生;出现;存在于;出现在;(occur的过去分词和过去式) atoms:n.[物]原子(atom的复数);
|
| And we're talking really small here. |
我们在说非常小的东西 |
| The way you measure nanotechnology is in nanometers , and one nanometer is a billionth of a meter, and to put some scale to that, if you had a nanoparticle that was one nanometer thick, |
我们用纳米单位来衡量纳米技术, 一纳米是十亿分之一米, 换句话说, 如果你有一个一纳米厚的纳米粒子, |
|
nanometers:n.[计量]毫微米(即十亿分之一米); billionth:adj.十亿分之一的;第十亿的;n.十亿分之一;第十亿; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; nanoparticle:n.纳米颗粒;毫微粒;
|
| and you put it side by side , and you had 50,000 of them, you'd be the width of a human hair. |
把5万个这样的纳米粒子一个一个按顺序排起来, 它们的粗细就相当于一根头发。 |
|
side by side:adj.并肩的;并行的; width:n.宽度;广度;某一宽度的材料;(游泳池两长边之间的)池宽;
|
| So very small, but very useful. |
所以,非常微小,但是却十分有用。 |
| And it's not just water that this works with. |
而且它不仅对水有作用 |
| It's a lot of water-based materials like concrete , water-based paint, mud, and also some refined oils as well. |
对很多水性材料也有作用,比如混凝土, 水彩画, 水泥, 和成品油。 |
|
water-based:adj.以水为基的; concrete:n.混凝土;adj.混凝土制的;确实的,具体的;vt.用混凝土覆盖 refined:adj.精制的; v.精炼;
|
| You can see the difference. |
大家看到差别了吧 |
| Moving onto the next demonstration, we've taken a pane of glass and we've coated the outside of it, we've framed it with the nanotechnology coating, and we're going to pour this green-tinted water inside the middle, |
来看下一个演示 我们这边有一片玻璃 我们用纳米技术把玻璃的边框封起来 然后我们把绿色的水倒到中间 |
|
pane:n.窗格;边;面;窗格玻璃;嵌板;vt.装窗玻璃于;镶嵌板于; framed:v.给…做框;给…镶边;制订;拟订;(frame的过去分词和过去式) pour:v.倒; n.流出; (已熔金属的)一次浇注量;
|
| and you're going to see, it's going to spread out on glass like you'd normally think it would, except when it hits the coating, it stops, and I can't even coax it to leave. |
大家会发现,水在玻璃上四散开来, 很正常的现象, 但是水在碰到疏水层的时候停下了, 我甚至都不能把水推到外面去。 |
|
spread out:冒火;喷火; normally:adv.正常地;通常地,一般地; coax:vt.哄;哄诱;慢慢将…弄好;vi.哄骗;劝诱;
|
| It's that afraid of the water. |
看它是多么怕水！ |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| So what's going on here? What's happening? |
那么究竟怎么回事？ |
| Well, the surface of the spray coating is actually filled with nanoparticles that form a very rough and craggly surface. |
其实,这个涂层的表面 覆盖着纳米粒子 让这个表面变得非常粗糙不平。 |
|
nanoparticles:n.纳米粒子(nanoparticle的复数形式);
|
| You'd think it'd be smooth, but it's actually not. |
你可能以为它会很光滑,其实不是。 |
| And it has billions of interstitial spaces, and those spaces, along with the nanoparticles, reach up and grab the air molecules, and cover the surface with air. |
而且它有几十亿的空隙 这些空隙和纳米粒子一起 吸附空气分子 让表面覆盖上空气。 |
|
interstitial:adj.间质的;空隙的;填隙的;n.填隙原子;节间; grab:v.攫取;霸占;将…深深吸引;n.攫取;霸占;夺取之物;
|
| It's an umbrella of air all across it, and that layer of air is what the water hits, the mud hits, the concrete hits, and it glides right off. |
这就形成了一层空气保护伞。 当水,水泥,混凝土 撞到这层空气时,它们就不会附着了。 |
|
layer:n.层,层次; vt.把…分层堆放; vi.形成或分成层次; glides:滑翔;滑行;
|
| So if I put this inside this water here, you can see a silver reflective coating around it, and that silver reflective coating is the layer of air that's protecting the water from touching the paddle , and it's dry. |
如果我把这个桨放在水里, 大家会看到它上面的银色反光涂层 这层银色的反光涂层 就是防止水 弄湿桨的空气层。看,还是干的！ |
|
silver:n.银; v.给…镀(或包)银; adj.银色的; reflective:adj.反射的;反映的;沉思的; paddle:n.划桨;明轮翼;vt.拌;搅;用桨划;vi.划桨;戏水;涉水;
|
| So what are the applications? |
那么到底有什么用呢？ |
| I mean, many of you right now are probably going through your head. |
大部分人现在估计已经在绞尽脑汁了。 |
| Everyone that sees this gets excited, and says, "Oh, I could use it for this and this and this." |
每个看到这个兴奋的人都会说, “哦,我可以用它来做这,做那。” |
| The applications in a general sense could be anything that's anti-wetting. |
最基本的应用 就是防水。 |
|
in a general sense:广而言之;
|
| We've certainly seen that today. |
我们今天已经看到了。 |
| It could be anything that's anti-icing , because if you don't have water, you don't have ice. |
它也可以用来防滑。 因为没有水,就没有冰。 |
|
anti-icing:[化工]防冻;防冰;
|
| It could be anti-corrosion. |
它也可以用来防腐蚀。 |
| No water, no corrosion . |
没有水,就没有腐蚀。 |
|
corrosion:n.腐蚀;腐蚀产生的物质;衰败;
|
| It could be anti-bacterial . |
也可以用来抗菌。 |
|
anti-bacterial:抗菌的;
|
| Without water, the bacteria won't survive. |
没有水,细菌就不会存活。 |
| And it could be things that need to be self-cleaning as well. |
而且也可以用于任何需要保持自我清洁的东西。 |
|
self-cleaning:adj.自动清洗的;自洁式的;
|
| So imagine how something like this could help revolutionize your field of work. |
让我们来想象一下像这样的东西 会如何帮助改变大家自己的工作。 |
|
revolutionize:vt.发动革命;彻底改革;宣传革命;vi.革命化;从事革命;
|
| And I'm going to leave you with one last demonstration, but before I do that, I would like to say thank you, and think small. |
接下来是今天最后一个演示 但是首先非常感谢大家, 请着眼小处！ |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| It's going to happen. Wait for it. Wait for it. |
结果会出来的,等一下,等一下, |
| Chris Anderson: You guys didn't hear about us cutting out the Design from TED? (Laughter) |
主持人:大家没听说我们正换TED的设计呢吧？（笑声） |
| [Two minutes later...] |
［两分钟后...］ |
| He ran into all sorts of problems in terms of managing the medical research part. |
他在掌握药物研究方面经历了各种困难 |
| It's happening! |
结果出来了！ |
| (Applause) |
（热烈掌声） |