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ManiVajipey_2019I-_印度当地回收者如何解决塑料污染问题_-
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| Shah Rukh Khan : Say no to plastic. |
沙·鲁克·罕:对塑料说不。 |
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Khan:n.可汗(对最高统治者的尊称);商队客店;
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| The one thing that all environmental warriors teach us. |
这是所有环保战士教我们的。 |
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warriors:n.(尤指旧时的)武士,勇士,斗士(warrior的复数)
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| But we begin and end the day with products that have been made from this virtually indestructible material. |
但是我们几乎每时每刻都在 使用由这个几乎 坚不可摧的材料制成的众多产品。 |
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virtually:adv.事实上,几乎;实质上; indestructible:adj.不可毁灭的,不能破坏的;
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| The truth is that our consumption and disposal of plastic has reached such unsustainable proportions that we need to address this using every idea and resource at hand. |
真相是,我们对塑料的使用 和处置已经达到了一个 难以为继的地步, 以至于我们需要 利用身边一切资源和每个想法, 去解决这个问题。 |
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consumption:n.消费;消耗;肺痨; disposal:n.处理;清除;去掉;(企业、财产等的)变卖; unsustainable:adj.无法支撑的;不可证实的;不能成立的; proportions:n.[数]比例;大小(proportion的复数形式); resource:n.资源;资料;才智;财力;v.向…提供资金(或设备);
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| Please welcome someone who's helping solve India's waste management issues , |
接下来有请 帮助解决印度废品管理问题的 |
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management:n.管理;管理人员;管理部门;操纵;经营手段; issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
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| Mani Vajipey, recycler and cofounder/CEO of Banyan Nation. |
玛尼·瓦吉培, 资源回收人,和 Banyan Nation 公司的 共同创始人兼 CEO。 |
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Mani:n.落花生;嘛呢堆(用石块垒成的方形或圆台形石堆); recycler:n.[计]反复循环器,[化工]再循环器; Banyan:n.菩提树;[林]印度榕树;
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| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| Mani Vajipey: If recycling were an Olympic sport, |
玛尼·瓦吉培:如果回收利用是 一个奥林匹克运动项目, |
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recycling:n.(资源,垃圾的)回收利用;v.回收;再循环利用(recycle的现在分词);
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| India would win the gold medal . |
印度将会摘取金牌。 |
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gold medal:n.金牌;金质奖章;
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| India has one of the highest rates of plastic recycling and recovery in the entire world. |
印度是全球塑料回收利用率 最高的国家之一。 |
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recovery:n.恢复,复原;痊愈;重获;
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| Higher than the likes of Singapore, countries in North America and even countries in Europe. |
比新加坡、 北美国家, 甚至一些欧洲国家都要高。 |
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North America:n.北美洲;
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| India recovers and recycles over 60 percent of its plastic waste, whereas a developed country, like United States, manages just about 10 percent. |
印度回收利用的 塑料废品超过 60%, 而一些发达国家,譬如美国, 勉强才到 10%。 |
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recycles:v.回收;使再循环;再造(recycle的第三人称单数); whereas:conj.然而;鉴于;反之; United:adj.联合的; v.联合,团结; (unite的过去分词和过去式)
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| This high rate of collection is largely possible thanks to the millions of informal recyclers , the kabadiwalas, the bhandiwallas and the raddiwalas that we find at every street corner across every city in India. |
这一极高的回收率 大多要归功于上百万的 非正式资源回收者, 那些在印度的每个城市、 每个街角的Kabadiwalas, bhandiwallas,以及raddiwalas （印度垃圾分拣工,废品回收者）。 |
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largely:adv.主要地;大部分;大量地; informal:adj.非正式的;不拘礼节的;通俗的;日常使用的; recyclers:n.[计]反复循环器,[化工]再循环器;
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| And yet, in spite of such a ubiquitous , extensive and intricate network of recyclers, |
但是,不论回收者的网络 有多普遍广阔、有多错综复杂, |
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in spite of:尽管;不管,不顾; ubiquitous:adj.普遍存在的;无所不在的; extensive:adj.广泛的;大量的;广阔的; intricate:adj.复杂的;错综的,缠结的;
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| India's national scenery is dominated by filth and squalor . |
印度的国家风景区 依旧被垃圾占领,环境脏乱。 |
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scenery:n.风景;景色;舞台布景; dominated:v.支配;控制;左右;影响;(dominate的过去式和过去分词) filth:n.污秽;肮脏;猥亵;不洁; squalor:n.肮脏;悲惨;卑劣;道德败坏;
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| And the general perception is that we don't recycle our plastics. |
人们的普遍感受是: 我们没有回收利用我们的塑料。 |
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perception:n.感知;知觉;看法;洞察力;
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| The other thing about plastics in India is that any product made from recycled plastic is considered to be substandard and we expect it to be cheaper as well. |
在印度,关于塑料的 另一个现实是, 低于常规标准的产品, 并且我们期望这些产品售价更低。 |
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recycled:n.再生纸;回收站;adj.[环境]回收利用的;可循环再造的; substandard:adj.不合规格的;标准以下的;
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| What we don't realize is there are several types of plastics in their virgin and pure form, if recycled scientifically , can be recycled several times over without any compromise in quality. |
我们没有意识到的是, 有一些纯净的原生塑料, 如果能被科学的回收利用, 它们可以被循环使用好几轮 且质量丝毫不打折扣。 |
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virgin:n.处女;童男;无…经验的人;新手; scientifically:adv.系统地;合乎科学地;学问上; compromise:n.妥协;折中;互让;和解;v.妥协;违背(原则);达不到(标准);使陷入危险;
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| If we can recover and reuse our discarded plastic, then we save a significant amount of virgin plastic that we would have otherwise produced and consumed . |
如果我们可以回收再利用 被我们丢弃的塑料, 那我们就可以节省很多 原本需要额外生产 和使用的原生塑料。 |
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discarded:v.丢弃;抛弃;垫(牌);打出(无用的牌);(discard的过去式和过去分词) significant:adj.重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的;n.象征;有意义的事物; consumed:adj.沉迷…的; v.消耗,耗费; (consume的过去分词和过去式)
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| And this is very important, because virgin plastic is made from fossil fuels that are an exhaustible resource. |
这一点非常重要, 因为原生塑料是由不可再生的 化石燃料制成的, |
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fossil:n.化石;老人;老古董;adj.从地下发掘出来的;化石的;属于旧时代的;陈腐的; exhaustible:adj.可空竭的;可耗尽的;
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| The more virgin plastic we produce and consume, the more plastic waste we have to manage. |
我们生产并使用的原生塑料越多, 就意味着我们需要处理 的塑料废品越多。 |
| Mismanagement of plastic waste leads to the leakage of such materials into our water bodies. |
塑料废品的处理不当 会导致这些材料泄漏于水体。 |
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Mismanagement:n.管理不善;处置失当; leakage:n.泄漏;渗漏物;漏出量;
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| It's now common knowledge that by the year 2050 we'll have more plastics in our oceans than fish. |
现在众所周知的是: 到 2050 年, 我们的海洋中 塑料的数量会超过鱼的数量。 |
| About seven years ago, my friend and cofounder Raj and I, we decided that we were going to focus on solving this massive problem. |
大约在 7 年前, 我和我的朋友兼共同创始人拉吉 决定着重解决这个大问题。 |
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cofounder:n.共同创办人; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的;
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| We went around the city of Hyderabad, talking to local recyclers. |
我们走访了海得拉巴市, 和当地的回收者交谈。 |
| Very soon, we found out that there were many recyclers just in Hyderabad alone. |
很快,我们发现 仅在海得拉巴就有很多回收者。 |
| We soon realized that the plastic recycling industry of today is not very different from the milk industry of the '60s and '70s. |
我们在不久后也意识到, 今天的塑料回收行业 和 60、70 年代的牛奶行业 大同小异。 |
| Milk in India is produced by marginal milk farmers, with two or three cows or buffalos , who produce five to ten liters of milk a day. |
印度的牛奶是由 只拥有两三头奶牛或水牛的 小奶农们生产的, 他们每天能生产 5 - 10 升牛奶。 |
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marginal:adj.边缘的;临界的;末端的; buffalos:n.[畜牧][脊椎]水牛;[脊椎]野牛(产于北美);水陆两用坦克; liters:n.(计量)公升(容量单位)(liter的复数)
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| Instead of blindly aping solutions from the West, |
相比盲目效仿西方的解决方案, |
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blindly:adv.盲目地;轻率地;摸索地; aping:模仿(ape的现在分词);
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| India championed the milk cooperative model, where thousands of such small-scale recyclers were brought together into groups. |
印度选择了这种牛奶合作模式, 数千的小规模回收者 聚集在一起形成团体。 |
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cooperative:adj.合作的;协作的;同心协力的;协助的;n.合作企业;合作社组织; small-scale:adj.小规模的;
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| With scale came innovations and investments . |
这种规模也带来了创新和投资。 |
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innovations:n.创新(innovation的复数);改革; investments:n.[经]投资,投资的财产;投资学;(investment的复数)
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| India was transformed from a milk-deficit nation to the world's leading exporter and producer of milk. |
于是印度从一个牛奶短缺的国家 转变为一个世界领先的 牛奶生产国和出口国。 |
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transformed:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);(transform的过去分词和过去式) exporter:n.出口商;输出国;
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| It dawned upon us that India had in the past solved much larger problems, like milk deficiency . |
于是我们逐渐意识到, 印度曾成功解决了更大的问题, 如牛奶短缺问题。 |
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dawned:n.天亮了;v.破晓(dawn的过去分词); deficiency:n.缺陷,缺点;缺乏;不足的数额;
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| We only need to look back to our past to find inspiration in solving what is perhaps the most fundamental issue of our times, that is plastic pollution. |
我们只需要回顾过去, 找寻灵感, 来解决我们这个时代 或许可能是最基本的问题, 即塑料污染。 |
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fundamental:n.基础; adj.十分重大的;
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| But before we could do this, or before brands could use recycled plastic, we had to solve two things. |
但是在我们着手此事之前, 或在那些品牌们可以使用 回收利用塑料之前, 我们需要解决两件事, |
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brands:n.品牌;烙印(brand的复数);v.加商标于;铭刻于(brand的第三人称单数);
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| Quality and scale. |
品质和规模。 |
| For us, to make a shampoo bottle from discarded plastics, we had to collect tens of thousands of tons of discarded plastics. |
对我们来说,为使用废弃塑料 制作一个洗发水瓶, 我们需要收集数万吨 被丢弃的塑料。 |
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shampoo:n.洗头水;洗发液;香波;洗涤剂;v.洗头发;
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| For that, we needed data. |
为此,我们需要数据。 |
| Raj and I built a simple data intelligence platform that allowed us to map all the recyclers, giving us a bird's eye view of every recycler in Hyderabad. |
拉吉和我建立了 一个简单的数据情报平台, 该平台允许我们在地图上 定位所有回收者, 让我们鸟瞰海得拉巴的 每一个回收者。 |
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intelligence:n.智力;智慧;才智;(尤指关于敌国的)情报; platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处;
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| The results were astounding . |
结果非常惊人。 |
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astounding:adj.令人震惊的;使大吃一惊的;v.使震惊;使大惊;(astound的现在分词)
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| There were 2,000 kabadiwalas just in Hyderabad alone. |
仅在海得拉巴, 就有 2 千名的垃圾分拣工。 |
| That means, for every square kilometer, there were four kabadiwalas or informal recyclers. |
这说明每平方千米 就有 4 名垃圾分拣工 或非正式回收者。 |
| No developed country or city in the entire world has the luxury of such a brilliant collection system. |
整个世界没有一个发达国家或城市 有幸拥有如此出色的收集系统。 |
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luxury:n.奢侈,奢华;奢侈品;享受;adj.奢侈的;
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| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| Once we had the data, the rest was fairly straightforward . |
一旦我们有了数据, 剩下的就非常直截了当了。 |
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fairly:adv.相当地;公平地;简直; straightforward:adj.简单的;坦率的;明确的;径直的;adv.直截了当地;坦率地;
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| We started trading with the informal recyclers, we started training them to segregate the materials based on our quality specifications . |
我们开始和非正式回收者 进行交易, 我们开始培训他们 如何基于我们质量指标 进行材料分类。 |
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segregate:vt.使隔离;使分离;在…实行种族隔离; specifications:n.规格;规范;明细单;说明书;(specification的复数)
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| In the past five years, we've developed several clusters across South India, comprising of thousands of such informal recyclers, who interact with us both directly and digitally . |
在过去的 5 年, 我们在南印度已经 发展了几个这样的团体, 其中包含上千名与我们 直接和远程互动的 非正式回收者。 |
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clusters:n.[植]簇;丛(cluster的复数形式);[计]群集; comprising:vt.包含;由…组成; interact:v.互相影响;互相作用;n.幕间剧;幕间休息; directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就; digitally:adv.数位;
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| In parallel , we began working on the problem of quality and purity of material. |
同时,我们开始着手解决 材料的质量和纯度问题。 |
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parallel:adj.平行的; v.与…相似; n.极其相似的人(或情况、事件等); purity:n.[化学]纯度;纯洁;纯净;纯粹;
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| So in the past five years, we developed a proprietary cleaning technology that allows us to eliminate all contaminants . |
在过去的 5 年里, 我们开发了清洁专利技术, 该技术允许我们消灭 材料上的所有污染物。 |
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proprietary:n.所有权;所有人;adj.所有的;专利的;私人拥有的; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; eliminate:v.消除;排除; contaminants:n.[环境]污染物;污垢物(contaminant的复数);
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| Today, Banyan's recycled granules have undergone stringent quality testing and have been certified by top global FMCG and automotive companies. |
今天 Banyan 回收的塑料颗粒 都已通过严格的质量测试, 并且被全球顶级快速消费品（FMCG） 和汽车公司授予证书。 |
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granules:n.粒斑,颗粒(granule的复数);颗粒剂; undergone:v.经历(undergo的过去分词); stringent:adj.严格的;严厉的;紧缩的;短缺的; certified:adj.被证明了的; v.(尤指书面)证明,证实; (certify的过去式和过去分词) global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; automotive:adj.汽车的;自动的;
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| In the next few months, tens of thousands of discarded plastics collected through informal recycler networks will be converted into high-quality granules and sent away to brands and large companies to make bottles for engine-oil packaging, for shampoo bottles and for lotions . |
在接下来的几个月, 经由非正式回收者收集的 上万的废弃塑料, 将会被再生为高品质塑料颗粒, 并送往各个品牌和大型企业 来制造机油的外包装瓶、 洗发水瓶,还有乳液瓶。 |
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converted:adj.修改的;改变信仰的;v.转变;改变信仰(convert的过去式和过去分词形式); high-quality:adj.高质量的; lotions:n.洗液;洗剂(lotion的复数);v.用洗液于;涂洗剂于(lotion的三单形式);
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| In the next three years, we expect that over 500 million such bottles will be made from our recycled plastics. |
在未来三年, 我们预期,利用回收的塑料可以制造 超过 5 亿这样的瓶子。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| But this is just the beginning. |
但这只是开始。 |
| In the next five years, we aspire to build an India where 100 percent of discarded plastics are recycled and repurposed scientifically -- where plastic waste no longer threatens our water bodies, and the very survival of our terrestrial and marine life. |
在未来五年, 我们致力于打造一个 有能力 100% 科学地回收 并改造废弃塑料的 在那里,塑料废品不再 威胁我们的水体, 以及我们陆地和海洋生物的生存。 |
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aspire:v.渴望(成就);有志(成为); repurposed:vt.改换意图;重新目的化; survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物; terrestrial:adj.地球的;陆地的,[生物]陆生的;人间的;n.陆地生物;地球上的人; marine:adj.海的;海产的;海生的;海船的;n.(尤指美国或英国皇家)海军陆战队士兵;
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| So the next time you go to a store and pick up a shampoo bottle, see if that bottle uses safe and sustainable recycled plastic. |
所以下次你去超市的时候, 拿起一瓶洗发水 看看那个瓶子是不是由 安全可持续的再生塑料制成的。 |
| That's not only just going to help the Earth but also reward the street corner recycler for his all-important work. |
这不仅只是为了帮助地球, 也是在奖赏那些街角回收者所做的 一切重要的工作。 |
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reward:n.[劳经]报酬;报答;酬谢;v.[劳经]奖励;奖赏; all-important:adj.非常重要的;首要的;
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| Now that will compel brands to use more and more recycled plastic for their mainstream products and applications. |
这将会迫使品牌们 在他们的主流产品和应用上 使用更多的再生塑料。 |
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compel:v.强迫;迫使;使必须;引起(反应); mainstream:n.主流;
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| Our tradition and our culture has a lot of ancient wisdom . |
我们的传统和文化 蕴含着很多古老的智慧。 |
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wisdom:n.智慧;明智;才智;学问;
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| Let's not destroy the only planet we have. |
我们千万不要破坏地球, |
| The only home we have. |
我们唯一的家。 |
| Thank you. |
谢谢。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| SRK: Thank you, Mani. |
沙:谢谢,玛尼。 |
| When I was young, I used to -- (sings in Hindi). |
我年轻时,我曾经—— （用印度语唱歌） |
| How little do we know sometimes that we are, as a nation, the biggest recycler of plastics and waste, if not just plastic, and we didn't know this about our own country. |
我们几乎都不知道, 我们这个国家 是最大的塑料和废弃物品的 回收利用者, 不仅是塑料, 我们国人竟然自己都不知道。 |
| MV: May I say something really cool? |
玛:我可以说件很酷的事吗？ |
| Cities like New York and Paris today are looking to put out reverse vending machines so that people can go and put trash in that and then they can get some cash. |
今天像纽约和巴黎这样的城市 正想要投放反向自动贩卖机, 就是让人们把垃圾放进去, 以换取现金的机器。 |
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reverse:n.反面; v.颠倒; adj.相反的; vending:v.贩卖,出售;(vend的现在分词) trash:n.垃圾;废物;v.丢弃;修剪树枝;
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| For the past several decades, the entire country and the kabadiwalas, and the bhandiwallas, we have been doing that. |
在过去的几十年里, 我们整个国家以及垃圾分拣者, 还有废品回收者, 我们一直在做这件事。 |
| I'm very positive that in three to five years, you'll wake up, you know that the plastic is being recycled, you're going to pick up a packaging, you know that the package actually has a mark that uses recycled plastics, so I'm super optimistic about this. |
我很确信,在 3 - 5 年内, 你会发现塑料正被回收, 你去取包裹时, 就知道包裹上会有一个标识: 使用再生塑料。 我对这抱有非常积极的态度, |
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positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片; optimistic:adj.乐观的;乐观主义的;
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| Even as an entrepreneur . |
即使作为一名企业家。 |
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entrepreneur:n.企业家;承包人;主办者;
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| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| SRK: When I see a youngster do what he has done and achieved, |
沙:当我看到一个年轻人 在做事并获得成就时, |
|
youngster:n.年轻人;少年;
|
| I want that part to also be a source of encouragement for people to take over . |
我希望这也能成为鼓舞他人 那么告诉我,你能挣很多钱吗？ |
|
take over:接管;继承;接收;接任;接替;
|
| So tell me, are you making a lot of money? |
那么告诉我,你能挣很多钱吗？ |
| MV: What's so brilliant about plastic recycling now is it's an idea whose time has come. |
玛尼:塑料循环 当前如此夺目的原因是 这是一个时机已到的想法。 |
| And we're very fortunate to have signed a really big, multimillion-dollar contract with some of the top FMCG companies. |
我们很幸运地已经 与一些顶级快速消费品公司（FMCG） 签署了一个几百万美金的合同。 |
|
fortunate:adj.幸运的;交好运的;吉利的; contract:v.收缩;感染;订约;n.合同;婚约;
|
| So we are at the inflection point in India. |
所以在印度,我们正处于转折点。 |
|
inflection:n.弯曲,变形;音调变化;
|
| And -- |
而且—— |
| SRK: Tell us the money, money, money, Mani. |
沙:告诉我们,究竟多少钱？ |
| MV: (Laughs) |
玛尼:（笑声） |
| SRK: Give the figure, it will encourage people, it's not for greed , it's not for any of the reasons ... |
沙:给个数字,这能鼓励大家, 不是出于贪婪, 不为任何原因…… |
|
greed:n.贪婪,贪心;
|
| Say to them. |
告诉他们。 |
| They are making good money, yeah. |
做这个能赚不少钱,没错。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| MV: For us, to build these systems in place, we need investors who will back us to develop -- |
玛:对我们来说, 为了开发和部署这些系统, 我们需要投资人 来支持我们开发—— |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| SRK: You have to be like Mani that I'm asking, "How much you're making?" |
沙:你们得学学玛尼, 我问“你赚多少钱？” |
| he's already making it off me. |
他已经在利用我赚钱了。 |
| But I may look stupid, but I'm not. |
我可能看着傻,但我并不傻。 |
| I totally and completely believe in the concept of recycling plastic, and I'm going to help Mani with my first investment that all the plastic bottles that we have at shootings, in every shooting of mine, |
我完完全全相信 回收塑料的概念, 而且我将用自己的 第一笔投资来帮助玛尼。 这些在我们拍摄现场的 所有塑料瓶, 以及我每一个 拍摄现场的塑料瓶, |
| I'm going to send it to his company to recycle, starting from these four. |
我都会把它们送到玛尼的公司 去回收再利用, 从这四个开始。 |
| Thank you very much, Mani. |
非常感谢,玛尼。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |
| MV: Thank you so much. |
玛:非常感谢。 |
| SRK: Big round of applause for Mani. |
沙:热烈掌声给予玛尼。 |
|
applause:n.欢呼,喝采;鼓掌欢迎;
|
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |