返回首页

LorettaJRoss_2021-_不要指控，而是以爱呼唤他们_
First of all , thank y'all for listening to me. 首先,感谢大家的聆听。
I come to y'all because most Black women don't go to Klu Klux Klan rallies on purpose . 我来是因为大多数黑人女性 不会故意参加三K党集会。 （笑声）
(Laughter)
I did because it was my job; I monitored hate groups. 我则因工作所需:我监控仇恨团体。
But I really wanted to find out how people could hate strangers so much. 但我真想弄清楚 人类何以会如此地憎恨陌生人。[00:28]
First of all:adv.首先; rallies:v.恢复; n.集会; (rally的复数) on purpose:有目的地,故意地;
Mostly, I wanted to work for peace and justice . 我主要想致力于和平与正义。
But fortunately for me, my mentor at the time was the legendary civil rights leader Reverend C.T. Vivian, who'd been an aide to Dr. Martin Luther King. 然而我很幸运, 当时的导师是传奇的民权领袖 科迪·廷德尔·维维安牧师（CT）, 他曾是马丁路德金博士的助手。
justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判; fortunately:adv.幸运地; mentor:n.指导者,良师益友;vt.指导; legendary:adj.传说的,传奇的;n.传说集;圣徒传; civil:adj.公民的;民间的;文职的;有礼貌的;根据民法的; Reverend:n.牧师;adj.可敬的;
And C.T. used to say, "When you ask people to give up hate, then you need to be there for them when they do." CT 过去常说, 「如果你要求人们放弃仇恨, 在他们放弃仇恨时 就必须陪伴他们身旁。」
Now, at the time C.T. said those words, 当 CT 说完这些,
I started muttering under my breath, because you can't curse out a preacher , you know? 我开始低声咕噥, 因为不能诅咒传道人,知道吗？
But his words didn't make any sense to me, because if the Klan hated Black folks, 但他的话对我来说毫无道理, 因为如果三K党恨黑人,
I was all right with hating them back. 我也可以恨他们。
Sounded OK to me. 我那时的想法是如此。
But then something happened. 但后来发生了一些事情,[01:20]
muttering:n.独自怨言,喃喃自语;v.咕哝;发牢骚(mutter的现在分词); curse:n.诅咒;咒骂;v.诅咒;咒骂; preacher:n.牧师;传教士;鼓吹者; make any sense to:理解;
It became my job to help people who were leaving hate groups, and then once I got to know them, 幫助人们离开仇恨团体 变成了我的工作。 一旦我了解他们,
I couldn't hate them anymore. 我就再也无法恨他们了。
And then I got confused . 然后我便迷茫了。
I'm a survivor of racial violence , rape and incest , and I needed to find another moral compass for my life's work. 我是种族暴力、强奸 和乱伦的幸存者, 我需要为毕生的工作 找到另一道德指南针。
And that compass had to shift from hate to love. 那个指南针必须从仇恨转向爱。
confused:adj.困惑的; v.使糊涂; (confuse的过去分词和过去式) racial:adj.种族的;人种的; violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲; rape:n.强奸罪;强奸案;v.强奸;强暴; incest:n.乱伦;近亲通婚; moral:n.寓意;品行;教益;adj.道德的;道义上的;道德上的;品行端正的; compass:n.罗盘;指南针;圆规;范围;界限;v.理解;领悟;将…包围;成功办到 shift:n.移动;变化;手段;轮班;v.移动;转变;转换;
And so that improbable journey is why I'm here to talk to y'all today. 因此,这难以置信的旅程就是 我今天在这里与大家交谈的原因。
You know, because I really, really want to build a culture and a world that invites people in instead of pushing them out. 我真的很想建立一种文化 和一个世界, 邀请人们进来,而不是把他们赶出去。
It's called a "calling-in culture." 它被称为「请来文化」。
Now, some people really do believe that the only way to do human rights work is the way they want -- you know, my way or the highway. 如今有些人确信 做人权工作的唯一途径 就是按照他们的方式。 照我的方式,否则甭谈。
improbable:adj.不大可能的,未必确实的;不可信的; journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行;
But the problem is, when many different people think many different thoughts and they move in the same direction, that's a movement. 但问题是,当许多不同的人 有许多不同的想法, 并且他们朝着同一个方向移动时, 就是个运动。
But when many different people think one thought, and they move in the same direction, that's a cult . 但是当许多不同的人思考一个想法, 并且他们朝着同一个方向前进时, 那就是一种邪教。
(Laughter) （笑声）
And when you treat potential allies like enemies, you're behaving like a cult, not the human rights movement. 倘若你把潜在的盟友 当作敌人来对待, 你的行为就像是邪教, 而不是人权运动。
My friend Dázon Dixon Diallo, who's a very smart woman, says that she believes that calling in will be to this digital age human rights movement of the 21st century 我的朋友达宗·迪克森·迪亚洛 是一位非常聪明的女性。 她认为「请来」（calling in）将会是 21 世纪数字时代的人权运动,
cult:n.崇拜; adj.受特定群体欢迎的; treat:v.治疗;处理;招待;款待;n.款待;乐事;乐趣; potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的; behaving:v.表现:表现得体:有礼貌:(behave的现在分词) digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键;
what nonviolence was to the civil rights movement in the 20th century: a new way to understand how to truly achieve justice. 如同非暴力运动 是 20 世纪的民权运动那样, 是一种真正实现正义的新方法。
It's not a matter of what we do, but how we do it. 问题不在于做什么,而在于怎么做。
Now, all of us know what calling out is -- our "cancel culture," as it's called -- you think somebody has done something wrong, you think they should be held accountable for it, and you think they should be punished for it. 我们都知道「指控」（calling out） 又名「取消文化」的意思。 你认为人们应该为所做的错事负责, 你认为他们应该为此受到惩罚。
nonviolence:n.非暴力;非暴力事件; civil rights movement:n.(美国)民权运动(20世纪50年代和60年代非裔美国人争取平等权利的运动); accountable:adj.有责任的;有解释义务的;可解释的;
So one of those calling-out examples is, "I can't believe you just said that. 指控的例子之一是: 「我不敢相信你刚説的话。
You're racist , sexist , toxic , manipulative ." 你是种族主义者、性别歧视者、 恶毒的人、操纵者。」
With this approach , you've guaranteed one thing: with this blaming and shaming, you just invited them to a fight, not a conversation, because you're publicly humiliating them. 这种做法确保了一件事: 你的指责和羞辱 招致他们对抗,而不是对谈, 因为你公开羞辱他们。
racist:n.种族主义者;种族主义的; sexist:n.性别歧视者;男性至上主义者;adj.性别主义者的;性别歧视者的; toxic:adj.有毒的;中毒的; manipulative:adj.巧妙处理的;操纵的,用手控制的; approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理; guaranteed:adj.必然的; v.保证; humiliating:adj.让人出丑的;丢脸的;v.羞辱;使丧失尊严;(humiliate的现在分词)
Now, some people actually think call-outs should be used to hold powerful people accountable, and there's a lot to that. 有些人真的认为应该用指控 来使掌权者负责,有很多事情要做。
I mean, that's what the human rights movement has always done. 我的意思是,这就是 人权运动一直以来做的事。
But most people are calling others out out of fear. 但大多数人是出于恐惧而指控他人;
Or they're feeling that they need to belong to something. 又或他们想要有归属感;
call-outs:n.应召出勤;上门服务;
And some people think that they'll feel better about themselves if they put somebody else down. 还有些人认为
And then there's too many people, in my opinion , who think that they can become famous by defaming somebody else. 在我看来有太多人 认为他们可以通过诽谤别人而出名。
Most of us want all of this violence to stop, but we don't know where to begin. 我们大多数人都希望 停止这些所有暴力行为, 但我们不知道从哪里开始。
And most of us stay silent because we're afraid that we'll become the next target. 我们大多数人保持沉默, 因为我们害怕自己会成为下一个目标。
in my opinion:在我看来;我认为; defaming:v.诽谤;中伤;
So even if something feels unfair, we're silent. 因此,即使感觉有些不公平, 我们也会保持沉默。
And if you're unlucky enough to have something that you regretted captured on cell phone or in a tweet, you're walking around with an unexploded gotcha bomb just waiting to blow up your life or your career or your reputation. 如果你不幸地被手机或推文 捕捉到了让你后悔的东西, 那么你就像是带着 一颗未爆弹四处走动, 正等着炸毁你的生活、 你的事業或你的声誉。
I guess I need to ask: 我想我需要问:
How many of us here have done something in our past that could come back to haunt us? 「这里有多少人在过去做过一些 可能会再次困扰我们的事情？」
One of my students once said, "A call-out is not an invitation for growth. 我的一个学生曾说: 「指控不邀请成长,
unlucky:adj.不幸的;倒霉的;不吉利的; captured:adj.捕获的;被俘的;v.捕获;占领;引起;(capture的过去式和过去分词) unexploded:adj.未爆炸的;装着炸药的;未发射的; gotcha:int.明白了(等于gotyou); career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历; haunt:v.出没;作祟;n.栖息地;常去的地方; invitation:n.邀请,引诱
It's the expectation that you've already grown." 而是期望你已长成。」
This is the culture we're trapped in now. 这就是我们现在被困在其中的文化。
On the other hand , there is calling in. 另一方面就是请来。
'"Calling in" is a phrase invented by Loan Tran, and basically , a call-in is a call-out done with love. 「请来」是罗恩·陈创造的词。 基本上,请来是带着爱的呼唤。
expectation:n.预料;预期;期待;希望;指望; trapped:adj.受困的;受限制的;v.使落入险境;使陷入困境;(trap的过去分词和过去式) On the other hand:另一方面; basically:adv.主要地,基本上; call-in:召集;召来;
So when you think somebody has done something wrong and you want to hold them accountable, you don't react with anger or hate. 因此,当你认为某人做错了事 并且想要追究他们的责任时, 你不要以愤怒或仇恨做出反应。
You just remain calm and look at them and say -- and you can do this online and in person, too -- but you just look at them calmly , and you tell them, "That's an interesting viewpoint . Tell me more." 你必须保持冷静,看着他们说, 无论在网上和当面面对这件事, 你只需冷静地看着他们, 然后告诉他们: 「这是一个有趣的观点。 请多告诉我一些。」
react:v.起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应,过敏;起化学反应; calmly:adv.冷静地;平静地;安静地; viewpoint:n.观点;角度;看法;
With that, you've invited them into a conversation instead of a fight. 这样,你就邀请他们进行 对话而不是打架。
And you don't have to agree with somebody to offer them loving attention. 而且,你不必同意某人 才给予他们爱的关注。
All you're admitting at that moment is that there's a possibility that they're as complicated as you are. 那一刻你承认的是 他们有可能和你一样复杂,
And everybody deserves to be heard and to be respected. 以及每个人都应该被倾听和被尊重。
And if you use this call-in practice like I'm teaching, what you'll do is several things. 如果你像我教的那样 使用这种请来的呼唤, 你要做的就是几件事。
First of all, you'll lead with love instead of anger and allow somebody else to grow. 首先,必须以爱而不是愤怒来领导, 允许其他人成长。
complicated:adj.复杂的;难懂的;v.使复杂化;(complicate的过去分词和过去式) deserves:v.值得;应得;应受;(deserve的第三人称单数)
Secondly, it'll affirm your own inner empathy and your compassion , and you'll feel so good about yourself when you learn that you can grow, too, in embracing and inviting more people into the world. 其次,它会肯定你自己内在的同理心 和慈悲心。 而且你会觉得自己很棒,一旦你了解 拥抱和邀请更多的人进来 也会让你自己成长。
And then the third thing is that you can call in your friends, your families, your neighbors, your coworkers , all the people you might have given up on in the past because of how they've hurt you. 然后第三件事是你可以请来所有那些 因过去曾伤害过你而被你放弃的 朋友、家人、邻居以及同事。
affirm:vt.肯定;断言;vi.确认;断言; inner:n.内部;射中接近靶心部分的一发;adj.里面的;向内的;内部的;接近中心的; empathy:n.神入;移情作用;执着; compassion:n.同情;怜悯; embracing:n.拥抱;v.拥抱,包含;(embrace的现在分词) coworkers:n.同事;合作人;(coworker的复数形式)
Now, if you're going to embrace this calling-in practice, you need some preparation. 现在,如果你要使用这请来的做法, 你需要做一些准备。
It begins with self-assessment . 它从自我评估开始。
First of all, you need to know your motives . 首先,你需要知道你的动机。
Why are you choosing to call somebody in or out? 你为什么选择请来或指控？
Are you in a healed enough space for somebody else's feelings? 你是否有足够的空间 来照顾别人的感受？[07:57]
embrace:n.拥抱,怀抱;v.拥抱;乐意采纳(思想、建议等);信奉;包括; self-assessment:n.自我评估; motives:n.动机;目的;运动(motive的复数);v.使有动机;促动(motive的三单形式); healed:v.(使)康复,复原;治愈(病人);(使)结束;(heal的过去分词和过去式)
If you're not, maybe you're not ready to do the calling in yet. 如果没有,也许你还没准备好要请来。
But still, you have those options . 但是,你仍然有这些选择。
And I've taught these tactics to eighth-graders, to college students, to C-suite executives . 我曾经教八年级学生、大学生 以及公司高管使用这些策略。
And as I said , they all feel better about themselves for reaffirming their optimism and their hope that they can make a difference in the world. 正如我所说,他们都 增加了对自己的好感, 因为他们重新确认了乐观的态度, 并希望自己能够改变世界。
options:n.选择; v.得到或获准进行选择; (option的三单形式) tactics:n.战术:策略:手段:兵法(tactic的复数) executives:n.经理,主管领导,管理人员;领导层;行政部门(executive的复数) as I said:正如我所说的 reaffirming:vt.再肯定,重申;再断言; optimism:n.乐观;乐观主义; make a difference:有影响,有关系;
This is so, so important. 这是非常重要的。
And so, if you're not really ready to invest in somebody else's growth with a call-in, or you don't want the inevitable fight if you call them out, there actually is a third option. 如果你还没有真正准备好通过请来 来投资于其他人的成长, 或者你不希望在请来的过程 产生不避要的争吵, 那么实际上还有第三种选择。
You can call on them to be a better person. 你可以呼吁他们成为更好的人。
And this was a phrase created by Sonya Renee Taylor. 这是索尼娅·蕾妮·泰勒 创造的短语。
My favorite calling-on response is to look the person dead in the eye, cock my head to the side, like I really care, and say, "I beg your pardon." 我最喜欢的呼吁方式是 死盯着对方的眼睛, 把头偏向一边,好像我真的很在乎, 然后,我会说:「你说什么？」 （表达惊讶或被冒犯的意思）
invest:v.投资;(把资金)投入;投入(时间、精力等);授予; inevitable:adj.必然的,不可避免的; response:n.响应;反应;回答;
And then I wait. 过后,我就等待。
Many times, they'll start walking back their words just because I'm looking at them like they lost their minds. 往往他们会收回所说的话, 只因为我看着他们 就像他们刚刚失去了理智。
(Laughter) （笑声）
We can use this calling-in, calling-out, calling-on approach as part of the spectrum of responses we can make to each other, and that's so, so important. 我们可以使用这些 请来、指控,或呼吁的方法, 作为我们对彼此做出 反应的一部分, 这是非常重要的。
One time -- let me put it this way -- one time, I misgendered a student in my class. 有一次...让我这样说吧。 有一次,我搞错误班上 一名学生的性别。
And I froze in shame because I expected the student to jump down my throat, because misgendering somebody is a really big deal nowadays. 我羞愧地僵住了,因为我 以为那位学生会生气, 还有现在错误判断某人的性别 是一件非常大的事情。
spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象; responses:n.回答,答复;反应;响应;(response的复数)
And instead, this student looked at me and offered me grace by saying, "Oh, that's all right, professor. I misgender myself sometimes." 然而那位学生很有风度地看着我,说: 「哦,没关系,教授。 有时我自己会搞错性别。」
(Laughter) （笑声）
An 18-year-old. Showing me grace. 一个 18 岁的孩子向我显示风度。
Now, I believe that one of the most effective expressions of calling-in is forgiveness . 现在,我相信最有效的 请来方式之一 就是宽恕。
And the most powerful example of radical forgiveness I've ever seen happened after the 2015 church massacre in Charleston, South Carolina , where nine people were killed. 我见过的最有力的宽恕的例子 发生在 2015 年南卡罗来纳州 查尔斯顿的教堂大屠杀之后, 当时有 9 人丧生。[10:17]
grace:n.优雅;恩惠;魅力;慈悲;v.使优美; effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象; expressions:表达,表情(expression的复数) forgiveness:n.宽恕;原谅;宽宏大量 radical:n.自由基;激进分子;游离基;adj.根本的;彻底的;完全的;全新的; massacre:n.屠杀;残杀;惨败;v.屠杀;杀戮;使惨败; Carolina:n.卡罗莱纳州(在美国东南部);
And one of the victim's sons, Chris Singleton , offered his mother's killer -- I mean, his mother's killer -- forgiveness. 受害者之一的儿子 克里斯·辛格尔顿 宽恕了杀害他母亲的兇手。
And I can't get his words exactly right, but Chris basically said, "Forgiveness is more powerful than people realize, because it lifts all of this stuff off of you. 我无法逐字覆述他的话, 但克里斯基本上是说: 「宽恕比人们意识到的更强大, 因为它卸除你身上的这些东西。
Singleton:n.一个;独身; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
It's freedom -- freedom from revenge , freedom from anger, freedom from hatred ." 这就是自由。 免于愤怒, 免于被仇恨。」
Sadly, he was called out for saying that. 可悲的是,他因为 这么说而被指控了。
I believe that it's very possible to use these strategies , so I'm going to tell you about my Uncle Frank . 我相信非常有可能使用这些策略, 所以我要讲讲我的叔叔弗兰克。
He ain't really my uncle but, you know, he's still living so I can't call him out . 他不是我真正的叔叔, 但是他还健在,我不能挑战他。
revenge:n.报复;复仇;v.报复;替…报仇;洗雪; hatred:n.仇恨;憎恨;厌恶; strategies:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略;(strategy的复数) Frank:adj.坦白的,直率的;老实的;n.免费邮寄特权;v.免费邮寄; call him out:叫他出来;
Anyway. 无论如何,
He came to a family reunion and decided to talk about Mexican Americans stealing jobs. 他来参加家庭聚会, 并决定谈论墨裔美国人 把工作偷走了。
And everybody had been chatting and eating quite happily till his racism silenced the room. 每个人都非常开心地聊天和吃饭, 直到他的种族主义使房间安静下来。
Most people buried their faces in their plate, because this was Uncle Frank. 大多数人因为弗兰克叔叔的言论, 而埋头吃着。
reunion:n.团聚;聚会;团圆;重逢; racism:n.种族主义,种族歧视;人种偏见;
This is what he does. 这就是他所做的。
But I decided to respond , but not with anger. 但我决定不以愤怒回应此事。
I kind of organized a few comments and asked him a question. 我整理了一些评论并问了他一个问题。
'"Uncle Frank, I know you. 「弗兰克叔叔,我了解你。
I love you. 我爱你。
I respect you. 我尊敬你。[11:55]
respond:vi.回答;作出反应;承担责任;n.应答;唱和; organized:adj.有组织的; v.组织; (organize的过去分词和过去式)
And what I know about you is that you'd run into a burning building and save somebody if you could. 我对你的了解是,你是一位会跑进 一栋着火的建筑物去救人的一个人,
And you wouldn't care what race that person is, you wouldn't care whether they were gay or an immigrant . 而且你不会在乎那个人是什么种族, 你甚至不会在乎 他们是同性恋还是移民。
So, Uncle Frank, that's the man I love and respect. 所以,弗兰克叔叔, 那是我爱和尊重的人。
So tell me: How can I reconcile that good Uncle Frank that I know you are with the words that just came out of your mouth?" 那么,告诉我怎么能把我认识的你 和刚刚说出那番话的你进行调和呢？」
immigrant:n.(外来)移民;外侨;adj.侨民的; reconcile:v.使和谐一致;调和;使配合;使和解;妥协;
You haven't called him in. You haven't called him out. 我没请他来,也没有指控他。
You called on him to decide how he's going to be. 我吁请他决定自己要怎样。
And with this approach, he's less likely to become defensive , because you haven't actually attacked him. 使用这种方法, 他比较不会处于戒备的状态, 因为我实际上并没有攻击他。
And while he's organizing what to say, you've affirmed that he has options about how he wants to be, especially in his niece's eyes and his family's eyes. 当他在组织要说的话时, 你重申了他有在侄女和家人眼中 呈现什么模样的选择权, 特别是在他侄女和家人眼中的模样。
defensive:n.辩护;守势;adj.防御的;保护的;保卫的;戒备的; organizing:v.组织;安排;处理;分配;管理;(organize的现在分词) affirmed:n.收到来电;vt.肯定(affirm的过去式);vi.断言(affirm的过去式); especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
But most importantly, the third thing you've achieved is that you did not let his bigotry go unchallenged , and that was witnessed by the entire family: how you stand up to bigotry at a family reunion without hate, argument and throwing over the table. 但最重要的是,我达成的第三件事是 我并没有让他一直偏执下去。 这是全家人都见证的。 我如何在家庭团聚中以没有仇恨、争吵 和在桌上扔东西的方式直面偏执。
Now, anybody can learn these tactics, as I've said, and we really need to understand that we can offer people forgiveness and a chance to redeem themselves from their mistakes. 现在,任何人都可以学习 这些策略,正如我所说的, 我们必须明白,我们能宽恕人, 给予他们从错误中自我救赎的机会。
bigotry:n.偏执;顽固;盲从; unchallenged:adj.不成问题的;未引起争论的;[法]不回避的; witnessed:v.当场看到,目击;见证;作证;(witness的过去式和过去分词) stand up to:经得起;抵抗;勇敢地面对; redeem:vt.赎回;挽回;兑换;履行;补偿;恢复;
Somebody gave us a chance to grow, and we can offer that to others. 有人给了我们成长的机会, 我们也可以将其提供给其他人。
So I invite you to join me in this calling-in culture, this calling-in world that we're building. 所以我邀请你加入这个请来文化, 加入我们正在建设的请来世界。
I think you will have a lot of joy and satisfaction in it, like I've found. 我相信你会从中得到很多快乐 和满足,就像我一样。
We don't actually risk anything, because all we risk losing is our pain. 我们实际上并没有冒任何风险, 因为我们失去的只是我们的痛苦。
And then you'll learn the most powerful lesson I've learned from five decades of being a social justice activist : fighting hate should be fun. 然后,你会学到我从五十年 社会正义活动中 所学到的最有力的一课: 与仇恨作斗争是很有趣。
satisfaction:n.满意,满足;赔偿;乐事;赎罪; activist:n.积极分子;激进主义分子;
(Laughter) （笑声）
It's being a hater that sucks . 变成仇恨者才糟糕。
Thank y'all. 谢谢大家。
(Applause and cheers) （掌声与欢呼）
hater:n.怀恨者; sucks:v.吮吸;吸;咂;啜;抽吸;抽取;(suck的第三人称单数)