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LisaHarouni_2011S-_3d打印入门_
It is actually a reality today that you can download products from the Web -- product data, I should say, from the Web -- perhaps tweak it and personalize it to your own preference or your own taste, and have that information sent to a desktop machine that will fabricate it for you on the spot . 现在已经成为现实 你可以从网上下载产品 严格地说,是产品的数据 然后可以根据自己的偏好进行个性化定制 然后可以根据自己的偏好进行个性化定制 把最终的信息发送到 一台桌面电脑上 然后电脑可以当场为您制作出产品。
tweak:vt.扭;拧;扯;稍稍调整;n.扭;拧;扯;轻微调整 personalize:v.在…上标明主人姓名;为个人特制(或专设);个人化; preference:n.偏爱;爱好;喜爱;偏爱的事物; desktop:n.桌面;桌面(显示使用程序图标的计算机屏幕); fabricate:vt.制造;伪造;装配; on the spot:adj.现场的;
We can actually build for you, very rapidly, a physical object. 我们可以很快地为您制造出产品, 非常快捷 非常快捷
physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查;
And the reason we can do this is through an emerging technology called additive manufacturing , or 3D printing. 我们之所以能够这么做, 是因为我们通过一项新兴技术 这项技术叫做添加剂制造 或者3D打印技术
emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词) technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; additive:n.添加剂,添加物;adj.附加的;[数]加法的; manufacturing:n.制造业;工业;v.制造;生产(manufacture的现在分词);
This is a 3D printer. 这是一个3D打印机
They have been around for almost 30 years now, which is quite amazing to think of, but they're only just starting to filter into the public arena . 它们已经有30年的历史了 它们已经有30年的历史了 真是不可思议 但是它们刚刚开始 进入到公众的视野里
have been around:见识(很)多;世故(很)深;遍布全球;世故深;遍布各地; filter:n.滤波器;过滤器;滤光器;滤声器;v.过滤;渗入;(用程序)筛选;缓行; arena:n.舞台;竞技场;
And typically , you would take data, like the data of a pen here, which would be a geometric representation of that product in 3D, and we would pass that data with material into a machine. 一般来说,你需要数据 像这支笔的数据 这些数据是产品的3维几何表示 然后我们把数据和原料 放进一个机器里
typically:adv.代表性地;作为特色地; geometric:adj.几何学的;[数]几何学图形的; representation:n.表现;代表;描述;陈述
And a process that would happen in the machine would mean layer by layer that product would be built. 机器会按照程序 一层一层地把产品造出来
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; layer:n.层,层次; vt.把…分层堆放; vi.形成或分成层次;
And we can take out the physical product, and ready to use, or to, perhaps, assemble into something else. 然后我们就造出来了这个产品 马上就可以用 或者可以和其他组合在一起
assemble:vt.集合,聚集;装配;收集;vi.集合,聚集;
But if these machines have been around for almost 30 years, why don't we know about them? 尽管这项技术已经存在了30年, 为什么我们现在才知道？
Because typically they've been too inefficient , inaccessible , they've not been fast enough, they've been quite expensive. 因为它们不够高效 不容易利用 它们不够快 还有,成本太贵
inefficient:adj.无效率的,效率低的;无能的; inaccessible:adj.难达到的;难接近的;难见到的;
But today, it is becoming a reality that they are now becoming successful. 但是今天 它成为了现实 一步步走向成功
Many barriers are breaking down. 障碍被克服
barriers:n.障碍;栅栏;篱笆墙(barrier的复数形式);
That means that you guys will soon be able to access one of these machines, if not this minute. 现在人们 可以很方便地使用这些机器 但不是马上
And it will change and disrupt the landscape of manufacturing, and most certainly our lives, our businesses and the lives of our children. 这可以给最终改变 制造业 和我们的生活,我们的商业 我们孩子的生活
disrupt:vt.破坏;使瓦解;使分裂;使中断;使陷于混乱;adj.分裂的,中断的;分散的; landscape:n.景观;乡村风景画;(文件的)横向打印格式;v.对…做景观美化;美化…的环境;
So how does it work? 它是如何做到的呢？
It typically reads CAD data, which is a product design data created on professional product design programs. 通常用的是CAD数据 它是一种设计数据 这种数据利用专业的设计软件得到
CAD:n.无赖,下流人;下流男子,卑鄙的男人; professional:adj.专业的;职业的;职业性的;n.专业人员;职业运动员;
And here you can see an engineer -- it could be an architect or it could be a professional product designer -- create a product in 3D. 这里你可以看到一位工程师 或者是一位建筑师或一位专业的产品设计师 制造3D产品
architect:n.建筑师;设计师;创造者;
And this data gets sent to a machine that slices the data into two-dimensional representations of that product all the way through -- almost like slicing it like salami . 这些数据发往一个机器里 在这台机器里数据 被分割成一片片地,二维表示 就这样 就像切生鱼片一样
slices:n.切片,切割(slice的复数形式);v.切成薄片(slice的三单形式); two-dimensional:adj.二维的;缺乏深度的; representations:代表;表现(representation的复数); slicing:n.切断,切片;限制,[电子]限幅; salami:n.意大利蒜味腊肠;
And that data, layer by layer, gets passed through the machine, starting at the base of the product and depositing material, layer upon layer, infusing the new layer of materials to the old layer in an additive process. 一层层的数据送到机器里 从这个产品的底层开始 一层层的原料盖在一起 新的一年盖住旧的一层 层层叠叠
depositing:v.放下;放置;使沉积;使沉淀;将钱存入银行;存储(deposit的现在分词) infusing:v.使具有,注入(某特性);全面影响;泡制(草药等);(infuse的现在分词)
And this material that's deposited either starts as a liquid form or a material powder form. 这些一层层的原料 或者是液态的 或者是粉状的
deposited:v.存放;储存;放置(deposit的过去分词);adj.存放的;堆积的; powder:n.粉末;细面;扑面粉;美容粉;v.傅粉;抹粉;
And the bonding process can happen by either melting and depositing or depositing then melting. 结合的方式 可以是化了再融合,也可以是融合了再化
melting:adj.感人的;v.(使)熔化,融化;(melt的现在分词)
In this case, we can see a laser centering machine developed by EOS. 这个例子中,我们看到ESO造的一个激光烧结机
It's actually using a laser to fuse the new layer of material to the old layer. 它用激光 把新的一层化到旧的一层上面
fuse:n.保险丝;导火线;v.(使)融合,熔断;熔接;
And over time -- quite rapidly actually, in a number of hours -- we can build a physical product, ready to take out of the machine and use. 这样一来 很快的,大概几个小时 我们就能得到一个产品 马上可以拿出来用
And this is quite an extraordinary idea, but it is reality today. 这是非常了不起的想法 现在已经成为了现实
extraordinary:adj.非凡的;特别的;离奇的;临时的;特派的;
So all these products that you can see on the screen were made in the same way. 你在屏幕上看到的这些产品 都是利用这种方法造出来的
They were all 3D printed. 它们都是3D打印出来的
And you can see, they're ranging from shoes, rings that were made out of stainless steal, phone covers out of plastic, all the way through to spinal implants , for example, that were created out of medical-grade titanium , and engine parts. 你可以看到 有鞋子 不锈钢的戒指 手机塑料盖子 还有脊柱植入物 它们是利用医用级别的钛做出来的 还有发动机零件
stainless:adj.不锈的;纯洁的,未被玷污的;无瑕疵的; spinal:adj.脊髓的;脊柱的;针的;脊骨的;尖刺的;n.脊椎麻醉; implants:n.移植物;埋植剂(implant的复数);v.灌输(implant的第三人称单数); titanium:n.[化学]钛(金属元素);
But what you'll notice about all of these products is they're very, very intricate . 你可以看到所有的这些产品 都很精细复杂
intricate:adj.复杂的;错综的,缠结的;
The design is quite extraordinary. 这项设计是非常不一般的
Because we're taking this data in 3D form, slicing it up before it gets past the machine, we can actually create structures that are more intricate than any other manufacturing technology -- or, in fact, are impossible to build in any other way. 我们可以得到3D的数据 分切成一层层的,然后送到机器里 我们实际上在创造 一种非常精细的结构 这比所有其他制造业都精细 或者说,这对其他制造工艺来说是不可能完成的任务
structures:n.结构; v.建造(structure的第三人称单数形式);
And you can create parts with moving components , hinges , parts within parts. 你还可以做出有移动部分的零件 铰链,在零件中的零件
components:n.部件;组件;成份(component复数); hinges:n.铰链;合叶;v.给(某物)装铰链;(hinge的第三人称单数和复数)
So in some cases, we can abolish totally the need for manual labor. 因此在某些情况下,我们可以 用它来代替人工。
abolish:vt.废除,废止;取消,革除; manual:n.说明书;指南;使用手册;adj.用手的;手工的;体力的;手动的;
It sounds great. 听起来很不错
It is great. 的确很不错
We can have 3D printers today that build structures like these. 现在的3D打印机 可以做出像这样的结构
This is almost three meters high. 这个大概有3米高
And this was built by depositing artificial sandstone layer upon layer in layers of about five millimeters to 10 mm in thickness -- slowly growing this structure. 它是用 大约5到10毫米厚的人工沙石 一层一层地叠在一起 就这样慢慢长出来的
artificial:adj.人造的;仿造的;虚伪的;非原产地的;武断的; sandstone:n.[岩]砂岩;沙岩; layers:n.层;表层;层次;阶层;v.把…分层堆放;(layer的第三人称单数和复数) millimeters:n.毫米;(millimeter的复数) thickness:n.厚度;层;浓度;含混不清;
This was created by an architectural firm called Shiro. 这是由一家到Shiro的建筑公司做出来的,
architectural:adj.建筑学的;建筑上的;符合建筑法的;
And you can actually walk into it. 你完全可以走进去。
And on the other end of the spectrum , this is a microstructure . 在另一方面 还有这些很小些的结构
spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象; microstructure:n.微观结构;[生物]显微结构;
It's created depositing layers of about four microns . 它每一层的厚度 仅有四微米。
microns:n.微米(micron的复数);
So really the resolution is quite incredible . 可做东西的范围是不可思议的
resolution:n.解决;分辨;解析;决议; incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的;
The detail that you can get today is quite amazing. 做到的细节部分 也是非常了不起的。
So who's using it? 那么谁在用这项技术呢？
Typically, because we can create products very rapidly, it's been used by product designers, or anyone who wanted to prototype a product and very quickly create or reiterate a design. 通常来说,因为我们可以很快得做出这些产品 所以,一些产品设计师, 或者一些人想把设计产品的原型 变成实物以用来改进设计
prototype:n.原型;雏形;最初形态; reiterate:vt.重申;反复地做;
And actually what's quite amazing about this technology as well is that you can create bespoke products en masse . 实际上更让人惊奇的是,这项技术 可以用来定制产品
bespoke:adj.定做的;预定的;vt.预约,显示出; en masse:adv.一起;全体;
There's very little economies of scale . 它们可以很小的经济规模
economies:n.经济;经济结构;节约;(economy的复数) scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢;
So you can now create one-offs very easily. 你可以很容易地做出一个一次性产品
one-offs:n.一次性事物;adj.一次性的;
Architects , for example, they want to create prototypes of buildings. 例如,设计师 他们想用设计的建筑原型来做出实物
Architects:n.建筑师;设计师;创造者;(architect的复数); prototypes:n.原型;技术原型;雏型;
Again you can see, this is a building of the Free University in Berlin and it was designed by Foster and Partners. 你可以看到, 这是柏林自由大学的一栋建筑, 它是由福斯特建筑事务所设计的。
Foster:vt.培养;养育,抚育;抱(希望等);adj.收养的,养育的;
Again, not buildable in any other way. 这对其他方法来说是不可能的,
buildable:可建造的;
And very hard to even create this by hand. 用手来制作也是很困难的。
Now this is an engine component. 这是一个发动机零件,
It was developed by a company called Within Technologies and 3T RPD. 它是由一个叫Within Technologies 和 3T PRD的公司研发出来的。 它是由一个叫Within Technologies 和 3T PRD的公司研发出来的。
Technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数);
It's very, very, very detailed inside with the design. 在这个设计中 有很多细节。
Now 3D printing can break away barriers in design which challenge the constraints of mass production. 现在3D打印设计 可以突破这些设计上的障碍, 从而可以实现批量化的生产。 从而可以实现批量化的生产。
constraints:n.[数]约束;限制;约束条件(constraint的复数形式);
If we slice into this product which is actually sitting here, you can see that it has a number of cooling channels pass through it, which means it's a more efficient product. 如果我们把它从中间切开, 你可以看到里面有很多冷却管, 这说明这个产品非常实用。
pass through:穿过;经历;经验;遭受;
You can't create this with standard manufacturing techniques even if you tried to do it manually . 这不可以通过标准的制造工艺做出来, 甚至是手工来造。
standard:n.标准;水准;旗;度量衡标准;adj.标准的;合规格的;公认为优秀的; techniques:n.技巧;技艺;工艺;技术;(technique的复数) manually:adv.手动地;用手;
It's more efficient because we can now create all these cavities within the object that cool fluid . 它非常有效, 我们可以做出产品的这些空洞, 用来冷却液体。
cavities:n.腔(cavity的复数形式);[医]空洞;蛀牙;插线孔; fluid:adj.流动的;流畅的;不固定的;n.流体;液体;
And it's used by aerospace and automotive . 它现在用于航天 和汽车工业。
aerospace:n.航空宇宙;[航]航空航天空间; automotive:adj.汽车的;自动的;
It's a lighter part and it uses less material waste. 它很轻, 生产废料也很少。
So it's overall performance and efficiency just exceeds standard mass produced products. 总的来说,相比于标准的批量化产品来说,它很有可行性又非常高效。 总的来说,相比于标准的批量化产品来说,它很有可行性又非常高效。
overall:v.全部; n.外套; adj.全面的; performance:n.性能;表现;业绩;表演; efficiency:n.效率;效能;功效; exceeds:v.超过;胜过;
And then taking this idea of creating a very detailed structure, we can apply it to honeycomb structures and use them within implants. 利用这项技术, 我们可以用来做出其他很细节的结构。 我们可以做出蜂窝结构, 用于植入物。
apply:v.申请;涂,敷;应用;适用;请求; honeycomb:n.蜂巢,蜂巢状之物; vt.使成蜂巢状; adj.似蜂巢的; vi.变成蜂巢状;
Typically an implant is more effective within the body if it's more porous , because our body tissue will grow into it. 一般来说, 植入物有越多孔, 它就越有效, 这是因为身体组织可以长在里面,
effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象; porous:adj.多孔渗水的;能渗透的;有气孔的; tissue:n.纸巾,手巾纸;(人、动植物细胞的)组织;
There's a lower chance of rejection . 减少被排斥的机会。
rejection:n.抛弃;拒绝;被抛弃的东西;盖帽;
But it's very hard to create that in standard ways. 但是,如果用传统方法,这是非常困难的。
With 3D printing, we're seeing today that we can create much better implants. 利用3D打印技术, 今天我们可以看到, 它能够做出更好的植入物。
And in fact, because we can create bespoke products en masse, one-offs, we can create implants that are specific to individuals . 实际上,所有我们可以做的定制化的产品, 一次性的产品, 植入物, 还可以更为特别。
specific:adj.特殊的,特定的;明确的;详细的;[药]具有特效的;n.特性;细节;特效药; individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数);
So as you can see , this technology and the quality of what comes out of the machines is fantastic . 你可以看到, 这些技术以及利用其做出来的产品都是非常了不起的。
as you can see:正如你所看到的;你是知道的; fantastic:奇异的,空想的
And we're starting to see it being used for final end products. 现在我们来看, 它能做出的最终产品。
And in fact, as the detail is improving , the quality is improving , the price of the machines are falling and they're becoming quicker. 实际上,3D打印机,细节的提高, 质量的提高, 其价格的降低, 越来越快的做出产品。
improving:v.改进;改善;(improve的现在分词)
They're also now small enough to sit on a desktop. 它们现在已经足够小, 可以放到桌子上面。
You can buy a machine today for about $300 that you can create yourself, which is quite incredible. 今天你只需要花上300美元 , 买一个3D打印机来自己做产品, 这是很不可思议的。
But then it begs the question, why don't we all have one in our home? 现在有人就会问, 为什么我们不能自己在家里面有一个呢？
Because, simply, most of us here today don't know how to create the data that a 3D printer reads. 因为,简单来说,在场的各位 不知道如何做出3D打印机能读取的数据。 不知道如何做出3D打印机能读取的数据。
If I gave you a 3D printer, you wouldn't know how to direct it to make what you want it to. 如果我给你一个3D打印机, 你会不知道如果指导它 做出来你想要的东西。
But there are more and more technologies, software and processes today that are breaking down those barriers. 现在,技术的进步, 越来越多的软件, 正在打破这些障碍。
processes:n.过程; v.处理(process的第三人称单数形式);
I believe we're at a tipping point where this is now something that we can't avoid. 我相信现在正位于一个转折点, 我们无法避免。 我们无法避免。
tipping point:n.(个案积累终成大趋势的)引爆点;
This technology is really going to disrupt the landscape of manufacturing and, I believe, cause a revolution in manufacturing. 这项技术, 正在打乱 制造业的布局。 我相信,3D打印会引起 制造业的革新。
revolution:n.革命;旋转;运行;循环;
So today, you can download products from the Web -- anything you would have on your desktop, like pens, whistles , lemon squeezers . 今天, 你可以从网上下载你想要的产品, 任何你想要的, 像铅笔,口哨,柠檬榨汁机等。
whistles:n.哨子; v.吹口哨; (whistle的第三人称单数和复数) lemon:n.蹩脚货;柠檬;青柠色;adj.浅黄色的;柠檬色的; squeezers:n.压榨机;压榨者;压铆机;榨汁器;[纺]轧水机;
You can use software like Google SketchUp to create products from scratch very easily. 你可以利用像Google SketchUp的软件, 很容易的做出这些产品。 很容易的做出这些产品。
Google:谷歌;谷歌搜索引擎; from scratch:白手起家;从头做起;
3D printing can be also used to download spare parts from the Web. 3D打印也可以用来 从网上下载备用零件。
spare:v.节约,吝惜;饶恕;分出,分让;adj.多余的;瘦的;少量的;n.剩余;备用零件;
So imagine you have, say, a Hoover in your home and it has broken down. You need a spare part , but you realize that Hoover's been discontinued . 想像一下, 有天你的吸尘器坏了, 你需要一个备用件, 但是发现,Hoover已经停产了。
Hoover:vi.胡佛电动吸尘;n.胡佛电动吸尘器; spare part:n.备件;配件;零件; discontinued:adj.停止使用的;不连续的;v.停止;中断(discontinue的过去分词);
Can you imagine going online -- this is a reality -- and finding that spare part from a database of geometries of that discontinued product and downloading that information, that data, and having the product made for you at home, ready to use, on your demand? 想像一下,你可以直接去网上, 现在已经成为现实 在停产的数据库中, 找到这个备用件, 找到这个备用件, 下载关于这个产品的信息, 在家里把它做出来。 马上就能用。
geometries:n.几何图形,几何体;几何尺寸(geometry的复数);
And in fact, because we can create spare parts with things the machines are quite literally making themselves. 实际上,因为我们可以做出备用件, 这些机器其实可以做出来它们自己。 这些机器其实可以做出来它们自己。
literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地:
You're having machines fabricate themselves. 机器可以自我复制。
These are parts of a RepRap machine, which is a kind of desktop printer. 这些是RepRap机器的零件, 它是一种桌面打印机。
But what interests my company the most is the fact that you can create individual unique products en masse. 我们公司特别感兴趣的是, 你可以做出属于你的, 独一无二的东西。
unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物;
There's no need to do a run of thousands of millions or send that product to be injection molded in China. 你不需要做出成千上万个, 也不需要把零件送去中国组装。 也不需要把零件送去中国组装。
injection:n.注射;大量资金的投入;(液体的)注入; molded:adj.模塑的;造形的;
You can just make it physically on the spot. 你可以当场就做出来。
Which means that we can now present to the public the next generation of customization . 这意味着, 我们可以向大众展示 下一代的客户定制。
customization:n.定制;[计]用户化;客制化服务;
This is something that is now possible today, that you can direct personally how you want your products to look. 有部分现在已经成为可能, 你可以指导打印机 做出你想要的产品的样子。
personally:adv.个人;亲自;本人;就本人而言;
We're all familiar with the idea of customization or personalization . 我们都很熟悉, 定制或者个性化。
familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友; personalization:n.个性化;
Brands like Nike are doing it. 像耐克这样的品牌正在这样做。
Brands:n.品牌;烙印(brand的复数);v.加商标于;铭刻于(brand的第三人称单数);
It's all over the Web. 完全都在网上进行。
In fact, every major household name is allowing you to interact with their products on a daily basis -- all the way from Smart Cars to Prada to Ray Ban , for example. 实际上,每个家喻户晓的公司 你都会 每天和他们的产品打交道。 每天和他们的产品打交道。 从Smart汽车, 到Prada, 再到Ray Ban.
household name:n.家喻户晓的名字; interact:v.互相影响;互相作用;n.幕间剧;幕间休息; Prada:n.普拉达(奢侈品品牌); Ban:v.下令禁止;查禁;n.禁令;
But this is not really mass customization; it's known as variant production, variations of the same product. 但这不是大规模定制, 那是变种生产, 同一种产品的变化。
variant:adj.不同的;多样的;n.变体;转化; variations:n.变奏曲,变更;[生物]变种(variation的复数形式);
What you could do is really influence your product now and shape-manipulate your product. 你现在能做的是完全的重塑 你想要的产品。
influence:n.影响;势力;感化;有影响的人或事;v.影响;改变;
I'm not sure about you guys, but I've had experiences when I've walked into a store and I've know exactly what I've wanted and I've searched everywhere for that perfect lamp that I know where I want to sit in my house and I just can't find the right thing, or that perfect piece of jewelry as a gift or for myself. 我不清楚你们有没有这种情况, 我有过类似的经历, 当我走进一家商店,想找那个我已经找了很久的 一盏我知道可以摆在家里哪个地方的完美台灯, 一盏我知道可以摆在家里哪个地方的完美台灯, 但却哪也找不到。 或者是一个完美的珠宝, 用来送给我自己。
lamp:n.灯;台灯;(理疗用的)发热灯;
Imagine that you can now engage with a brand and interact, so that you can pass your personal attributes to the products that you're about to buy. 想像一下, 你可以跟厂家联系 你可以跟厂家联系 把自己的个人定制 发给他们。
engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定; attributes:v.把…归因于; n.属性; (attribute的第三人称单数和复数)
You can today download a product with software like this, view the product in 3D. 今天,你可用这样的软件 来在3D模式下查看你想要的产品。 来在3D模式下查看你想要的产品。
This is the sort of 3D data that a machine will read. 这是那些打印机能读取的 3D数据。
This is a lamp. 这是一个台灯,
And you can start iterating the design. 你可以重新来设计。
iterating:v.迭代(iterate的现在分词);重复;反复申说;
You can direct what color that product will be, perhaps what material. 你可以选你想要的颜色, 或者材质。
And also, you can engage in shape manipulation of that product, but within boundaries that are safe. 你可以改变形状, 当然是在允许的范围。
manipulation:n.操作;管理措施;处理;操纵证券市场;变换; boundaries:n.边界;分界线;(boundary的复数)
Because obviously the public are not professional product designers. 因为很显然,绝大部分人不会是专业的产品设计师,
The piece of software will keep an individual within the bounds of the possible. 这个软件可以帮助 人们在可选择的范围内进行个人定制。
And when somebody is ready to purchase the product in their personalized design, they click "Enter" and this data gets converted into the data that a 3D printer reads and gets passed to a 3D printer, perhaps on someone's desktop. 当有人准备购买这个定制好的产品时, 你点一下“确认”键, 这些个性化设计信息会转换成 3D打印机可以读取的格式, 然后被送到3D打印机, 可能是某人的台式机。
purchase:n.购买;采购;购买的东西;购买项目;v.购买;采购; personalized:v.在…上标明主人姓名; (personalize的过去分词和过去式) converted:adj.修改的;改变信仰的;v.转变;改变信仰(convert的过去式和过去分词形式);
But I don't think that that's immediate. 但这并不会马上实现。
I don't think that will happen soon. 我不认为会马上实现。
What's more likely, and we're seeing it today, is that data gets sent to a local manufacturing center. 现在我们能看到的情况是, 那些数据传到 当地的制造中心。
This means lower carbon footprint . 这意味着低碳。
carbon:n.[化学]碳;碳棒;复写纸;adj.碳的;碳处理的; footprint:n.足迹;脚印;
We're now, instead of shipping a product across the world, we're sending data across the Internet. 现在,我们不用把产品发往全世界, 我们只需要把数据通过网络发往各地。
Here's the product being built. 这是正在制造的产品,
You can see, this came out of the machine in one piece and the electronics were inserted later. 你可以看到,一块块的被做出来, 电器部分会后面加进来。
electronics:n.电子学;电子工业;
It's this lamp, as you can see here. 这是一个台灯,你可以看到。
So as long as you have the data, you can create the part on demand . 只要你有这些数据, 你就可以按自己的需求去做出来。
as long as:conj.只要;长达;如果;既然; on demand:请求即;按需;随选;随需应变;
And you don't necessarily need to use this for just aesthetic customization, you can use it for functional customization, scanning parts of the body and creating things that are made to fit. 你不只进行 审美定制。 还可以功能定制。 扫描产品部分, 做出合适的产品。
necessarily:adv.必要地;必定地,必然地; aesthetic:adj.美的;美学的;审美的,具有审美趣味的; functional:adj.功能的;
So we can run this through to something like prosthetics , which is highly specialized to an individual's handicap . 我们可以做出假肢, 这种因人而异的产品。
prosthetics:n.[外科]修复学,修补学;弥补术; highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; specialized:adj.专业的; v.专门研究(或从事); (specialize的过去式和过去分词) handicap:n.障碍;不利条件,不利的因素;vt.妨碍,阻碍;使不利;
Or we can create very specific prosthetics for that individual. 或者为某人做出 特别的假肢。
Scanning teeth today, you can have your teeth scanned and dental coatings made in this way to fit you. 扫描下你的牙齿, 扫描下你的牙齿以后, 可以做出符合你的牙齿。
dental:n.牙医;[语]齿音;;adj.牙齿的;牙科的;齿音的; coatings:n.[涂料]涂料,[涂料]涂层;镀膜加工(coating的复数形式);
While you wait at the dentist, a machine will quietly be creating this for you ready to insert in the teeth. 当你在等牙医的时候, 一个机器正在做特别适合你的 种植牙齿。
And the idea of now creating implants, scanning data, an MRI scan of somebody can now be converted into 3D data and we can create very specific implants for them. 这种想法也用来制造移植物, 核磁共振成像（MRI）的数据 会变为3D, 我们可以利用它来做出特别的移植物。
And applying this to the idea of building up what's in our bodies. 利用这些 造出我们身体
applying:v.申请,请求;使用;应用;(apply的现在分词)
You know, this is pair of lungs and the bronchial tree. 你看到,这是肺和支气管
bronchial:adj.支气管的;
It's very intricate. 非常的错踪复杂。
You couldn't really create this or simulate it in any other way. 你不能利用其他手段来模拟或制造出来。
simulate:vt.模仿;假装;冒充;adj.模仿的;假装的;
But with MRI data, we can just build the product, as you can see, very intricately . 但是利用MRI数据, 我们可以造出这个产品。 你可以看到,非常的复杂。
intricately:adv.杂乱地;
Using this process, pioneers in the industry are layering up cells today. 利用这项工艺, 工业先驱们正在利用一层层的细胞
layering:n.分层;压条法;成层;v.分层而成;用压条法培植(layer的ing形式);
So one of the pioneers, for example, is Dr. Anthony Atala, and he has been working on layering cells to create body parts -- bladders , valves , kidneys . 其中的一位,Anthony Atala医生, 他正在利用层叠的细胞, 来侨出身体的部分。 膀胱,瓣膜,肾脏
bladders:n.膀胱;皮囊,气囊(如球胆);(bladder的复数) valves:n.[机]阀门; v.装阀于…; kidneys:n.[解剖]肾脏;转炉的附着物;肾形矿脉(kidney的复数);
Now this is not something that's ready for the public, but it is in working progress. 这现在还没有用于大众, 但是正在过程中。
So just to finalize , we're all individual. 总结一下,我们都是个体
finalize:v.把(计划、旅行、项目等)最后定下来;定案;
We all have different preferences , different needs. 我们有不同的偏好,不同的需求。
preferences:n.偏爱;爱好;喜爱;偏爱的事物;(preference的复数)
We like different things. 我们喜欢不同的东西。
We're all different sizes and our companies the same. 我们不同的尺寸,公司也一样。
Businesses want different things. 生意上需要不同的东西。
Without a doubt in my mind, 毋庸置疑,
I believe that this technology is going to cause a manufacturing revolution and will change the landscape of manufacturing as we know it. 我相信这项技术, 会引发制造业的革命。 从而改变我们知道的制造业。
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）