返回首页

LeslieChang_2012G-_中国工人的声音_
Hi. So I'd like to talk a little bit about the people who make the things we use every day: our shoes, our handbags, our computers and cell phones. 嗨。今天我想来探讨一下 这些为我们制造日常用品的人们: 例如我们的鞋子,手提包,电脑,还有手机。
Now, this is a conversation that often calls up a lot of guilt. 这个话题时常让我们觉得很内疚。
Imagine the teenage farm girl who makes less than a dollar an hour stitching your running shoes, or the young Chinese man who jumps off a rooftop after working overtime assembling your iPad. 想象一下,一个年轻的农村女孩给你缝制跑步鞋 可每个小时还赚不到一美金, 又或者是那个加班为你组装iPad的中国小伙子 在加班之后从楼上跳了下来。
stitching:n.(一行)针脚;v.缝补;缝合(伤口);(stitch的现在分词) rooftop:n.屋顶;adj.屋顶上的; overtime:n.加班;加班的时间;加班费;adv.加班; assembling:v.聚集;集合;收集;装配;组装;(assemble的现在分词)
We, the beneficiaries of globalization , seem to exploit these victims with every purchase we make, and the injustice feels embedded in the products themselves. 我们,是全球化的受益者, 可每笔交易却似乎都是在剥削那些受害者, 而这种不公平 似乎也深深烙印在这些产品之中。
beneficiaries:n.[金融]受益人(beneficiary的复数形式); globalization:n.全球化; exploit:v.利用…为自己谋利;剥削;压榨;运用;发挥; purchase:n.购买;采购;购买的东西;购买项目;v.购买;采购; injustice:n.不公正;不讲道义; embedded:adj.嵌入式的;植入的;内含的;v.嵌入(embed的过去式和过去分词形式);
After all, what's wrong with a world in which a worker on an iPhone assembly line can't even afford to buy one? 总而言之,这个世界到底怎么了？ 一个在组装iphone生产线上的员工却买不起一台iphone？
assembly line:na.装配线; afford:v.给予,提供;买得起;
It's taken for granted that Chinese factories are oppressive , and that it's our desire for cheap goods that makes them so. 人们理所当然地认为,中国的工厂就是应该被压榨的, 因为我们渴求便宜的产品 造成了这样的局面。
granted:v.不错,的确; conj.因为; v.同意,准予,允许; (grant的过去分词和过去式) oppressive:adj.压迫的;沉重的;压制性的;难以忍受的;
So, this simple narrative equating Western demand and Chinese suffering is appealing , especially at a time when many of us already feel guilty about our impact on the world, but it's also inaccurate and disrespectful . 很显然,西方社会的需求 和中国人对他们遭遇的申诉被连接在一起, 尤其是当我们中的很多人已经因为我们对世界影响 而感到了内疚, 然而,这是不正确的,也是不尊重他人的。
narrative:n.叙述;故事;讲述;adj.叙事的,叙述的;叙事体的; equating:n.等化;v.等同(equate的ing形式); appealing:adj.吸引人的; v.呼吁; (appeal的现在分词) especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; guilty:adj.有罪的;内疚的; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响; inaccurate:adj.错误的; disrespectful:adj.无礼的;失礼的;不尊敬的;
We must be peculiarly self-obsessed to imagine that we have the power to drive tens of millions of people on the other side of the world to migrate and suffer in such terrible ways. 我们极其自恋地去想象着 我们有力量去操控地球另一边 千万的人民,让他们以如此可怕的方式 去遭受痛苦或者迁移。
peculiarly:adv.特别;尤其;古怪地;奇怪地; self-obsessed:adj.自我痴念的,自恋的; on the other side:另一面;在另一边; migrate:vi.移动;随季节而移居;移往;vt.使移居;使移植;
In fact, China makes goods for markets all over the world, including its own, thanks to a combination of factors : its low costs, its large and educated workforce , and a flexible manufacturing system that responds quickly to market demands. 事实上,中国制造的产品遍布全球, 也包括他们自己的市场,这要归结于许多因素的综合: 低成本,大量受过教育的劳动力, 还有有弹性的工作制度 这些都快速地迎合了市场的需求。
combination:n.结合;组合;联合;[化学]化合; factors:n.因素(factor的复数); v.做代理商; workforce:n.劳动大军;全体员工; flexible:adj.灵活的;柔韧的;易弯曲的; manufacturing:n.制造业;工业;v.制造;生产(manufacture的现在分词); responds:v.(口头或书面)回答,回应;作出反应;响应;(respond的第三人称单数)
By focusing so much on ourselves and our gadgets , we have rendered the individuals on the other end into invisibility , as tiny and interchangeable as the parts of a mobile phone . 我们因为太专注于我们自身和产品上, 所以忽视了产业链另一端的个体的存在 将他们看成是可以随时被替换的,微小的 像手机零件那样。
gadgets:n.小配件;小工具(gadget的复数); rendered:v.使成为;给予;提供;回报;递交;(render的过去分词和过去式) individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数); invisibility:n.看不见;看不见的东西;难看见; interchangeable:adj.可互换的;可交换的;可交替的; mobile phone:移动电话
Chinese workers are not forced into factories because of our insatiable desire for iPods. 中国工人并不是因为我们对于iPods的无限渴求 而被迫进入工厂的。
insatiable:adj.贪得无厌的;不知足的;
They choose to leave their homes in order to earn money, to learn new skills, and to see the world. 他们选择离乡背井,是为了赚钱, 为了学习新的技能,以及为了看看这个世界。
In the ongoing debate about globalization, what's been missing is the voices of the workers themselves. 在对全球化发展趋势的辩论中 我们缺失的,是聆听工人们自己的声音。
ongoing:n.发展; adj.持续存在的; debate:n.辩论;争论;考虑;v.辩论;争论;考虑;
Here are a few. 以下就是一些例子。
Bao Yongxiu: "My mother tells me to come home and get married, but if I marry now, before I have fully developed myself, I can only marry an ordinary worker, so I'm not in a rush." 包永秀（音译）说:“我妈妈让我回家结婚 但是如果我还没有让自己得到充分的发展 就结婚,我只能嫁给一个平凡的工人, 所以我根本不着急。”
Chen Ying : "When I went home for the new year, everyone said I had changed. They asked me, what did you do that you have changed so much? 陈颖（音译）说:“我过年回家的时候 每个人都说我变了,他们问我: 你怎么会有这么大的改变？
Ying:营;
I told them that I studied and worked hard. If you tell them more, they won't understand anyway." 我告诉他们,我很努力地学习和工作, 即便你想给他们讲更多,他们反正也不能理解。”
Wu Chunming: "Even if I make a lot of money, it won't satisfy me. 吴春明（音译）: “即使我赚了很多钱 也无法满足我自己。
satisfy:vt.满足(要求,需要等):使满意:使确信:
Just to make money is not enough meaning in life." 赚钱并不是生活全部的意义。”
Xiao Jin: "Now, after I get off work, I study English, because in the future, our customers won't be only Chinese, so we must learn more languages." 肖金（音译）说: “现在我下班以后,就会去学英语 因为在不久的将来,我们的客户将不仅仅是中国人, 所以,我们需要学习更多的语言。”
All of these speakers, by the way , are young women, 18 or 19 years old. 以上的话,都是出自一些年轻女孩的口, 她们仅仅18、19岁。
by the way:顺便说一下;
So I spent two years getting to know assembly line workers like these in the south China factory city called Dongguan. 因此,我花了两年时间去了解流水工作线上的工人们 例如在中国南部的一个工业城市——东莞。
Certain subjects came up over and over : how much money they made, what kind of husband they hoped to marry, whether they should jump to another factory or stay where they were. 有一些主要的问题不断的重复着: 他们到底赚了多少钱, 她们想要嫁给怎样的人, 他们是否想要跳槽 还是留在一个工厂内。
over and over:反复;再三;
Other subjects came up almost never, including living conditions that to me looked close to prison life: 10 or 15 workers in one room, 50 people sharing a single bathroom, days and nights ruled by the factory clock. 另一些话题,则几乎不被提起 例如:在我眼中如牢狱般的生活条件 10-15个工人住在一个房间里, 50个人公用一个厕所, 日以继夜地按照工厂的要求来作息。
Everyone they knew lived in similar circumstances , and it was still better than the dormitories and homes of rural China. 他们每一个人都知道,即便是住在如此的环境里面 也会比他们在中国农村的老家的条件 好得多
circumstances:n.情况;环境;情形;(circumstance的复数) dormitories:n.学生宿舍,宿舍(dormitory复数); rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的;
The workers rarely spoke about the products they made, and they often had great difficulty explaining what exactly they did. 工人们很少谈论他们制造的产品, 他们往往很难解释清楚 他们到底做了什么。
rarely:adv.很少地;难得;罕有地;
When I asked Lu Qingmin, the young woman I got to know best, what exactly she did on the factory floor , she said something to me in Chinese that sounded like "qiu xi." 我访问了吕清民（音译） 这个年轻的女孩是我最了解的, 我问她她在工厂里到底从事什么工作 她用中文告诉我,听起来像是 “秋西。”
factory floor:n.厂房;车间;
Only much later did I realize that she had been saying "QC," or quality control . 很久以后,我才知道她说的是 QC ,也就是质量监控。
quality control:n.质量控制;
She couldn't even tell me what she did on the factory floor. 她竟然都不能告诉我她在工厂里做的是什么。
All she could do was parrot a garbled abbreviation in a language she didn't even understand. 她能做的就只是模仿一个英文缩写的发音 而这个语言是她根本就不懂的。
garbled:adj.篡改的;混乱的;引起误解的;v.断章取义(garble的过去式和过去分词); abbreviation:n.缩写;缩写词;
Karl Marx saw this as the tragedy of capitalism , the alienation of the worker from the product of his labor. 马克思认为这就是资本主义的悲哀 疏远了工人与他们所制造的产品。
tragedy:n.悲惨的事;不幸;灾难;悲剧作品; capitalism:n.资本主义; alienation:n.异化;疏远;转让;[内科]精神错乱;间离效果(alienationeffect);
Unlike, say, a traditional maker of shoes or cabinets , the worker in an industrial factory has no control, no pleasure, and no true satisfaction or understanding in her own work. 与传统的鞋匠或者木匠不同, 工人在工厂没有控制权, 在她所做的工作中,没有快乐, 没有真正的满足或理解。
traditional:传统的,惯例的, cabinets:n.陈列柜;内阁;匣子;小房间(cabinet的复数); industrial:adj.工业的,产业的; n.工业股票; satisfaction:n.满意,满足;赔偿;乐事;赎罪;
But like so many theories that Marx arrived at sitting in the reading room of the British Museum, he got this one wrong. 但同许多马克思 坐在英国图书馆的阅读室里想出来理论一样, 这一点,他错了。
reading room:n.阅览室;
Just because a person spends her time making a piece of something does not mean that she becomes that, a piece of something. 仅仅因为一个人用她的时间 去制造一件物品,并不代表 她就变成了这件物品。
What she does with the money she earns, what she learns in that place, and how it changes her, these are the things that matter. 她用她赚的钱去做了什么 她在那个地方学到了什么技能,以及她如何被改变 这些才是重要的。
What a factory makes is never the point, and the workers could not care less who buys their products. 一个工厂制造什么并非重点, 工人们也不在乎谁买了他们制造的产品。
Journalistic coverage of Chinese factories, on the other hand , plays up this relationship between the workers and the products they make. 记者报道了关于中国工厂的新闻 另一方面,也强调了 工人与产品之间的联系。
Journalistic:adj.新闻业的,新闻工作者的; coverage:n.覆盖,覆盖范围; on the other hand:另一方面;
Many articles calculate: How long would it take for this worker to work in order to earn enough money to buy what he's making? 很多文章都在计算: 这些工人要工作多久,赚来的钱 才够买一件他们制作的产品？
For example, an entry-level-line assembly line worker in China in an iPhone plant would have to shell out two and a half months' wages for an iPhone. 举个例子,一个初级组装生产线的工人 在中国组装iPhone配件 要倾其2个半月的工资才能买一台iPhone。
shell:n.壳;炮弹;壳层;骨架;v.脱壳;剥壳;采集贝壳;用壳体包被;short.shewill; wages:n.[劳经]工资; v.开展(运动等)(wage的第三人称单数形式);
But how meaningful is this calculation, really? 但说真的,这些计算有任何意义吗？
meaningful:adj.严肃的;重要的;重大的;意味深长的;
For example, I recently wrote an article in The New Yorker magazine, but I can't afford to buy an ad in it. 再举个例子,我最近写了一篇文章 登在纽约客杂志上, 但是也供不起我在杂志上登一个广告。
recently:adv.最近;新近;
But, who cares? I don't want an ad in The New Yorker, and most of these workers don't really want iPhones. 但是,谁在乎？我不需要在纽约客上登广告 其实,大部分的工人,也不是真的需要iPhone。
Their calculations are different. 他们的计算方式是不同的。
How long should I stay in this factory? 我在工厂要待多久？
How much money can I save? 我能存多少钱？
How much will it take to buy an apartment or a car, to get married, or to put my child through school? 我需要多少钱才能买个房子,买辆车, 才能结婚,或者足以送我的小孩去学校？
The workers I got to know had a curiously abstract relationship with the product of their labor. 这些我试图去了解的工人们 对他们和产品之间的联系有着很抽象的解读。
curiously:adv.好奇地;奇妙地; abstract:n.摘要; adj.抽象的; vt.摘要; vi.做摘要;
About a year after I met Lu Qingmin, or Min, she invited me home to her family village for the Chinese New Year. 大概在我遇到陆青敏,也就是小敏的一年后 她邀请我去她农村的家做客 过春节。
On the train home, she gave me a present: a Coach brand change purse with brown leather trim . 在回家的火车上,她给了我一个礼物: 一个棕色皮质的Coach牌零钱包。
brand:v.铭刻于,铭记;打烙印于;印…商标于;n.商标,牌子;烙印; change purse:n.零钱包; leather:n.皮革;皮革制品;v.用皮革包盖;抽打;adj.皮的;皮革制的; trim:v.修剪;整理;装点;削减;n.修剪;整齐;情形;adj.整齐的;
I thanked her, assuming it was fake , like almost everything else for sale in Dongguan. 我谢了她,虽然我很自然地认为这应该是个山寨的产品, 就好像东莞在出售的大部分产品一样。
assuming:conj.假设…为真; adj.傲慢的; v.假定; (assume的现在分词) fake:n.假货;骗子;假动作;v.捏造;假装…的样子;adj.伪造的;
After we got home, Min gave her mother another present: a pink Dooney & Bourke handbag, and a few nights later, her sister was showing off a maroon LeSportsac shoulder bag . 回家以后,小敏给了她妈妈另一个礼物: 一个Dooney & Bourke牌的粉色手提包, 几天以后,她的姐姐正在展示 一个红褐色的LeSportsac单肩包。
maroon:n.褐红色; adj.紫褐色的; v.困住; shoulder bag:n.有肩带的女用手提包;
Slowly it was dawning on me that these handbags were made by their factory, and every single one of them was authentic . 慢慢地,我好想明白了 这些东西都是她们工厂生产的 每一件东西,都是正品
dawning:n.黎明,拂晓;东;v.破晓;展现;显露(dawn的ing形式); authentic:adj.真正的,真实的;可信的;
Min's sister said to her parents, "In America, this bag sells for 320 dollars." 小敏的姐姐告诉她父母 “在美国,这个包要卖320美金。”
Her parents, who are both farmers, looked on, speechless . 她的农民父母看了看,无言以对。
speechless:adj.说不出话的;哑的;非言语所能表达的;
'"And that's not all -- Coach is coming out with a new line, 2191," she said. "One bag will sell for 6,000." 还有,Coach正在推出一系列新产品2191 她说:“这个好像要卖6000。”
She paused and said, "I don't know if that's 6,000 yuan or 6,000 American dollars, but anyway, it's 6,000." (Laughter) 她停顿了一下:“我不知道是6000人民币,还是 6000美元,无论如何都是6000啦。” （笑声）
Min's sister's boyfriend, who had traveled home with her for the new year, said, "It doesn't look like it's worth that much." 小敏姐姐的男友也回到家 与她一起过年, 他说:“看起来不值这么多钱。”
Min's sister turned to him and said, "Some people actually understand these things. You don't understand shit." 小敏的姐姐对他说:“有的人 就是懂这些东西,你懂啥。”
(Laughter) (Applause) （笑声）（掌声）
In Min's world, the Coach bags had a curious currency . 在小敏的世界里,Coach包包有一个很奇怪的价值。
currency:n.货币;通货;
They weren't exactly worthless , but they were nothing close to the actual value, because almost no one they knew wanted to buy one, or knew how much it was worth. 它们虽然不是一文不值,但是相比起它们的实际价值 还是相差甚远,因为她们所结识的人里面 几乎没有人想要买,也没有人知道这值多少钱。
worthless:adj.无价值的;不值钱的;卑微的;
Once, when Min's older sister's friend got married, she brought a handbag along as a wedding present. 有一次,小敏大姐的一个朋友结婚 她带着一个手提包作为给新人的礼物。
Another time, after Min had already left the handbag factory, her younger sister came to visit, bringing two Coach Signature handbags as gifts. 又一次,小敏已经离开手提包的工厂了 但她的小妹妹来看她的时候 带了两个经典款Coach作为礼物。
Signature:n.署名;签名;信号;
I looked in the zippered pocket of one, and I found a printed card in English, which read, "An American classic . 我打开一个有拉链的口袋 看到一张卡片写着一些英文: “美国经典。
classic:n.名著;优秀的典范;adj.最优秀的;第一流的;有代表性的;典型的;
In 1941, the burnished patina of an all-American baseball glove inspired the founder of Coach to create a new collection of handbags from the same luxuriously soft gloved-hand leather. 1941年那些表皮磨光的 美国棒球手套 启发了Coach的创始人 促使其研发了一个新系列的手提包: 奢华、柔软的的表面和手套的皮质一样。
burnished:adj.铮亮的;光洁的;v.擦亮;磨光(burnish的过去式和过去分词); patina:n.[材]铜绿;光泽;神态;圣餐盘; all-American:adj.全美洲的; n.全美最佳选手; inspired:adj.受到启发的; v.鼓舞; (inspire的过去分词和过去式) founder:vi.失败;沉没;倒塌;变跛;vt.破坏;使摔倒;垮掉;n.创始人;建立者;翻沙工; luxuriously:adv.豪华地;奢侈地;
Six skilled leatherworkers crafted 12 Signature handbags with perfect proportions and a timeless flair . 6名技巧纯熟的皮革工人制造12只经典款手提包 他们有着精准而快速的手艺。
skilled:adj.熟练的;有技能的;需要技能的; crafted:adj.精心制作的;v.精巧地制作(craft的过去分词); proportions:n.[数]比例;大小(proportion的复数形式); timeless:adj.永恒的;不受时间影响的;不合时宜的; flair:n.天资;天分;资质;鉴别力;
They were fresh, functional , and women everywhere adored them. A new American classic was born." 这些手提包新颖,具有相当的功能性,世界各地的女人都喜欢 一个新的美国经典诞生了。”
functional:adj.功能的;
I wonder what Karl Marx would have made of Min and her sisters. 我想知道马克思是否会被小敏 和她的姐妹所影响。
Their relationship with the product of their labor was more complicated , surprising and funny than he could have imagined. 她们与产品之间的关系 更复杂、惊奇而且有趣 这都超出他的想象。
complicated:adj.复杂的;难懂的;v.使复杂化;(complicate的过去分词和过去式)
And yet, his view of the world persists , and our tendency to see the workers as faceless masses , to imagine that we can know what they're really thinking. 但是,他对这个世界的观点没变,而我们却将 这些工人们看成是一群上不了台面的群体, 想象一下,假如我们可以了解工人们的真实想法。
persists:vi.存留,坚持;持续,固执;vt.坚持说,反复说; tendency:n.倾向,趋势;癖好; masses:n.民众;大量(mass的复数);包块;v.集中;聚集(mass的三单形式);
The first time I met Min, she had just turned 18 and quit her first job on the assembly line of an electronics factory. 我第一次见到小敏的时候,她刚满18岁 她刚刚辞去在一家电子设备工厂的 组装生产线的工作。
quit:v.离开;放弃;停止;使…解除;n.离开;[计]退出;adj.摆脱了…的;已经了结的; electronics:n.电子学;电子工业;
Over the next two years, I watched as she switched jobs five times, eventually landing a lucrative post in the purchasing department of a hardware factory. 接下来的两年,我看着她换了5次工作, 最后固定在一个比较赚钱的职位 是在一个硬件工厂的采购部门。
eventually:adv.最后,终于; lucrative:adj.有利可图的,赚钱的;合算的; purchasing:n.购买;采购;v.买;购买;采购;(purchase的现在分词) hardware:n.计算机硬件;五金器具;
Later, she married a fellow migrant worker, moved with him to his village, gave birth to two daughters, and saved enough money to buy a secondhand Buick for herself and an apartment for her parents. 不久,她嫁给了一个打工仔, 然后移居到了他的村子, 生了两个女儿, 他们存够了钱给她买了一辆二手别克车 给她的父母买了房子。
migrant:n.候鸟;移居者;随季节迁移的民工;adj.移居的;流浪的; secondhand:adj.二手的;旧的;间接获得的;做旧货生意的;adv.间接地;间接听来;以旧货; Buick:n.别克(汽车品牌);
She recently returned to Dongguan on her own to take a job in a factory that makes construction cranes , temporarily leaving her husband and children back in the village. 最近她独自回到东莞 在一个起重机工厂里找了份工作, 暂时与她村里的丈夫和孩子 分居两地。
construction:n.建设;建筑物;解释;造句; cranes:n.起重机; v.伸长(脖子)以便看得更清楚; (crane的复数) temporarily:adv.临时地,临时;
In a recent email to me, she explained, "A person should have some ambition while she is young so that in old age she can look back on her life and feel that it was not lived to no purpose ." 在最近的一封邮件里,她解释: “人们年轻的时候,应该有所抱负 那么在他们老的时候,回首过去 就不会觉得这一生都毫无意义。”
ambition:n.追求的目标;野心;志向;抱负; to no purpose:毫无效果地,完全徒劳无益;
Across China, there are 150 million workers like her, one third of them women, who have left their villages to work in the factories, the hotels, the restaurants and the construction sites of the big cities. 在中国,有1亿5千万像她一样的工人, 其中三分之一,是离乡背井的女性, 她们在工厂、酒店、餐厅 或者是大城市的建筑工地工作。
sites:n.网站(site的复数);遗址,举办地点;v.使...位于(site的单三形式);
Together, they make up the largest migration in history, and it is globalization, this chain that begins in a Chinese farming village and ends with iPhones in our pockets and Nikes on our feet and Coach handbags on our arms that has changed the way these millions of people work and marry and live and think. 这么算来,是她们创造了历史上一个庞大的人口迁移的数字, 而这个产业链的起点,就是“全球化”的风靡 从中国的农村 到最终进入我们口袋里的iPhone和脚上的耐克 还有手中的Coach手提包 这改变了数百万人的 工作、婚姻、生活和思想。
migration:n.迁移;迁徙;转移;移居;
Very few of them would want to go back to the way things used to be. 他们其中很少有人 愿意回到过去的生活。
When I first went to Dongguan, I worried that it would be depressing to spend so much time with workers. 我第一次去东莞的时候,我很担心 担心与工人相处的时间会很压抑沮丧。
depressing:adj.令人抑郁的; v.使沮丧; (depress的现在分词)
I also worried that nothing would ever happen to them, or that they would have nothing to say to me. 我也担心他们永远不会改变, 或者他们也没有什么能对我说的。
Instead, I found young women who were smart and funny and brave and generous . 然而,我发现那些年轻的女性都很聪明、风趣 而且勇敢、大方。
generous:adj.慷慨的,大方的;宽宏大量的;有雅量的;
By opening up their lives to me, they taught me so much about factories and about China and about how to live in the world. 通过向我展示她们的生活, 她们教给我很多关于工厂 关于中国,以及如何生存在这个世界的道理。
opening up:n.解禁;开放;供开发;启用;
This is the Coach purse that Min gave me on the train home to visit her family. 这就是小敏在回家的火车上 送给我的Coach钱包。
I keep it with me to remind me of the ties that tie me to the young women I wrote about, ties that are not economic but personal in nature, measured not in money but in memories. 我一直保存着它,由此提醒着我与这些 我记录过的年轻女生的联系, 这些并不是因为经济而是因为个人情感的联系, 价值并不是在于金钱而是记忆。
remind:v.提醒;使想起; economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词; measured:adj.缓慢谨慎的; v.测量; (measure的过去分词和过去式)
This purse is also a reminder that the things that you imagine, sitting in your office or in the library, are not how you find them when you actually go out into the world. 这个钱包也是一个提醒, 你坐在办公室或图书馆里时所想象的东西 和你走出去真正接触的东西 并不一样。
Thank you. (Applause) 谢谢。（掌声）
(Applause) （掌声）
Chris Anderson: Thank you, Leslie, that was an insight that a lot of us haven't had before. 谢谢,Leslie,真的很有见地 我们中很多人从未这么思考过。
insight:n.洞察力;洞悉;
But I'm curious. If you had a minute, say, with Apple's head of manufacturing, what would you say? 但是我很好奇,如果你有一分钟时间 对Apple制造商的领导人说一些话 你会说什么？
Leslie Chang: One minute? 一分钟？
CA: One minute. (Laughter) 是的,一分钟。（笑声）
LC: You know, what really impressed me about the workers is how much they're self-motivated , self-driven , resourceful , and the thing that struck me, what they want most is education, to learn, because most of them come from very poor backgrounds. 你们知道吗,那些工人们真正启发我的 是他们的自我激励、自我推进 还有足智多谋,都深深警醒着我 他们最想要的是教育,是学习 只是因为他们大部分有着穷困的家庭背景。
impressed:adj.印象深刻; v.使钦佩; (impress的过去分词和过去式) self-motivated:自我激励的; self-driven:adj.自行驱动的;自励的; resourceful:adj.资源丰富的;足智多谋的;机智的;
They usually left school when they were in 7th or 8th grade. 他们通常中学就离开学校了。
Their parents are often illiterate , and then they come to the city, and they, on their own, at night, during the weekends, they'll take a computer class, they'll take an English class, and learn really, really rudimentary things, you know, like how to type a document in Word, or how to say really simple things in English. 他们的父母大都是文盲, 他们独自来到城市打拼 晚上或者周末,他们去学习电脑的课程, 或者是学英语, 就是学一些真的非常非常基本的东西,你知道吗？ 例如如何在Word里面打字 或者用英语讲一些简单的事情。
illiterate:adj.文盲的;不识字的;没受教育的;n.文盲; rudimentary:adj.基本的;初步的;退化的;残遗的;未发展的;
So, if you really want to help these workers, start these small, very focused, very pragmatic classes in these schools, and what's going to happen is, all your workers are going to move on, 所以,如果你们想要帮助那些工人 开展一些小型、集中、基础的课程 这会带来的结果就是 你的工人得到了提升,
pragmatic:adj.实际的;实用主义的;国事的;
but hopefully they'll move on into higher jobs within Apple, and you can help their social mobility and their self-improvement. 但是希望,他们也会晋升到Apple更高的职位中 你可以帮助他们适应社会流动性 帮助他们得到自我的提升。
mobility:n.移动性;机动性;[电子]迁移率;
When you talk to workers, that's what they want. 当你于工人们交谈,你就会知道这就是他们所要的。
They do not say, "I want better hot water in the showers. 他们不会说:我想要浴室里有更热的水
I want a nicer room. I want a TV set." 我想要一间更好的房间,想要一个电视
I mean, it would be nice to have those things, but that's not why they're in the city, and that's not what they care about. 我的意思是,有这些东西固然很好 但是他们来到这个城市不是为了这些, 而且他们根本不在乎。
CA: Was there a sense from them of a narrative that things were kind of tough and bad, or was there a narrative of some kind of level of growth, that things over time were getting better? 他们有没有说过 生活环境真的很艰苦,或者是 自我得到提升以后,这些东西 也会得到相应改善？
LC: Oh definitely , definitely. I mean, you know, it was interesting, because I spent basically two years hanging out in t his city, Dongguan, and over that time, you could see immense change 当然,当然了。我是说,大家都知道 这其实很有趣,我花了大概2年时间 在东莞生活 在这个时间里面,你可以看到每个人的生活
definitely:adv.清楚地,当然;明确地,肯定地;
in every person's life: upward , downward , sideways , but generally upward. 都在起着巨大的变化:变得更好,变坏,或者偏离轨道 但总体来说,都是在进步的。
upward:adj.向上的;上升的;adv.向上; downward:adj.下降的;向下的;adv.同"downwards"; sideways:adv.往一侧;侧着;侧面朝前; generally:adv.通常;普遍地,一般地;
If you spend enough time, it's upward, and I met people who had moved to the city 10 years ago, and who are now basically urban middle class people, so the trajectory is definitely upward. 只要你花足够的时间,就会变好 如果一个人十年前来到城市 现在应该已经成为城市的中层阶级, 所以总体趋势一定是变好的。
urban:adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的;都市音乐的; middle class:adj.中产阶级的;中层社会的; trajectory:n.[物]轨道,轨线;[航][军]弹道;
It's just hard to see when you're suddenly sucked into the city. It looks like everyone's poor and desperate , but that's not really how it is. 只不过你初入城市的时候 一下子还无法感知。看起来好像每个人都很穷 很失落,但这都不是真实的。
sucked:v.吸,吮;吸收;吞没;(suck的过去分词和过去式) desperate:adj.不顾一切的;令人绝望的;极度渴望的;
Certainly, the factory conditions are really tough, and it's nothing you or I would want to do, but from their perspective , where they're coming from is much worse, and where they're going 可以肯定,工厂的环境十分艰苦 在坐的你我都不会愿意前往, 但是比起他们所来自的地方,站在工人的角度来看 这都是值得的,他们也希望
perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的;
is hopefully much better, and I just wanted to give that context of what's going on in their minds, not what necessarily is going on in yours. 所去的地方这些都会得到改善,我只想 把他们所想的东西陈述出来 而这些并不等同于你们所认定的东西。
context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉; necessarily:adv.必要地;必定地,必然地;
CA: Thanks so much for your talk. 感谢你的演讲。
Thank you very much. (Applause) 非常感谢。（掌声）