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KirbyFerguson_2012G-_拥抱混搭_

We're going to begin in 1964. 我们从1964 年开始谈起。
Bob Dylan is 23 years old, and his career is just reaching its pinnacle . 鲍勃 · 迪伦才 23 岁 和他的事业正处在颠峰。
career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历; pinnacle:n.高峰;小尖塔;尖峰;极点;vt.造小尖塔;置于尖顶上;置于高处;
He's been christened the voice of a generation, and he's churning out classic songs at a seemingly impossible rate, but there's a small minority of dissenters , and they claim that Bob Dylan is stealing other people's songs. 他被尊为时代之声 他在以看似不可能的速度, 制作经典歌曲 但有少数的异议,并且他们声称 鲍勃 · 迪伦在剽窃其他人的歌曲。
christened:vt.给…命名(christen过去式); churning:n.搅乳;一次提制的奶油;v.搅拌(churn的现在分词); classic:n.名著;优秀的典范;adj.最优秀的;第一流的;有代表性的;典型的; seemingly:adv.看来似乎;表面上看来; minority:n.少数民族;少数派;未成年;adj.少数的;属于少数派的; dissenters:n.反对者(dissenter的复数形式); claim:v.要求;声称;需要;认领;n.要求;声称;索赔;断言;值得;
2004. Brian Burton, aka Danger Mouse, takes the Beatles' "White Album," 2004.布莱恩 · 伯顿,也就是危险老鼠, 取了披头士的 白色专辑 ,
combines it with Jay-Z's "The Black Album" 结合专辑Jay-Z的 黑色专辑
to create "The Grey Album." 创建了 灰色专辑 。
'"The Grey Album" becomes an immediate sensation online, and the Beatles' record company sends out countless cease-and-desist letters for "unfair competition and dilution of our valuable property." 灰色专辑 立即在网上疯传 披头士乐队的唱片公司发出了无数 停止 不公平竞争 和稀释重要财产。“的信函
sensation:n.感觉;轰动;感动; countless:adj.无数的;数不尽的; competition:n.竞争;比赛,竞赛; dilution:n.稀释,冲淡;稀释法;冲淡物; valuable:adj.有价值的;贵重的;可估价的;n.贵重物品;
Now, "The Grey Album" is a remix . 好了, 灰色专辑 是混搭的,
remix:vt.使再混合;再搅拌;重新合成(乐曲等);n.混录版歌曲;
It is new media created from old media. 它是从旧媒体造出的新媒体。
media:n.媒体;媒质(medium的复数);血管中层;浊塞音;中脉;
It was made using these three techniques : copy, transform and combine. 它是由以下三种技巧来造成的: 复制、 转换和合并。
techniques:n.技巧;技艺;工艺;技术;(technique的复数) transform:v.使改变;使改观;使转换;n.[数]变换式;[化]反式;
It's how you remix. You take existing songs, you chop them up, you transform the pieces, you combine them back together again, and you've got a new song, but that new song is clearly comprised of old songs. 过程是:你把现有的歌曲, 截成小段、 变换这些片断, 最后再结合起来, 你造出了一首新歌,但这首新歌 很明显是老歌曲组成的。
chop:v.砍;劈;切碎;剁碎;n.砍;劈;剁;猪(或羊等)排; comprised:v.包含(comprise的过去分词);由…组成;
But I think these aren't just the components of remixing . 但我觉得这些不是只是复配的组件。
components:n.部件;组件;成份(component复数); remixing:v.再混合,重拌和;重新合成(remix的现在分词);
I think these are the basic elements of all creativity. 我认为这些是所有创新的基本要素。
elements:n.要素;基本部分;少量;一群;(element的复数)
I think everything is a remix, and I think this is a better way to conceive of creativity. 我认为一切都是混搭, 而且我认为这是对创造力更好的态度。
conceive:v.想出;想象;构想;设想;怀孕;
All right, let's head back to 1964, and let's hear where some of Dylan's early songs came from. 好吧,让我们回到 1964 年,让我们听听 其中的一些迪伦早期的歌曲是从哪来的。
We'll do some side-by-side comparisons here. 我们要在这里做一些横向比较。
side-by-side:adj.并肩的;并行的; comparisons:n.比较;类似(comparison的复数形式);处于对比状态;
All right, this first song you're going to hear is "Nottamun Town." It's a traditional folk tune . 好吧,第一首歌你会听到 是 诺塔芒城 。它是一个传统的民间曲调。
traditional:传统的,惯例的, tune:n.曲调;和谐;心情;v.调整;使一致;为…调音;调谐;
After that, you'll hear Dylan's "Masters of War." 之后,你会听到迪伦的 战争之王 。
Jean Ritchie: ? In Nottamun Town, not a soul would look out, ? 让 · 里奇: ? 在 诺塔芒城,一个灵魂都不会向往看,?
? not a soul would look up, not a soul would look down. ? ? 灵魂不会向上看,没有一个灵魂会向下瞧。?
Bob Dylan: ? Come you masters of war, ? 鲍勃 · 迪伦: ? 来吧战争之王,?
? you that build the big guns, you that build the death planes, ? ? 你构建枪支,你的打造死亡的飞机,?
? You that build all the bombs. ? ? 你,造成所有的炸弹。?
Kirby Ferguson: Okay, so that's the same basic melody and overall structure . This next one is "The Patriot Game," 柯比弗格森: 好吧,这就是相同的基本旋律 与整体结构。这下一个是 爱国者游戏 “
melody:n.旋律;歌曲;美妙的音乐; overall:v.全部; n.外套; adj.全面的; structure:n.结构;构造;建筑物;vt.组织;构成;建造; Patriot:n.爱国者;
by Dominic Behan. Alongside that, you're going to hear "With God on Our Side," by Dylan. 由多米尼克本汉。同时, 你将听到迪伦的 上帝在我们这边 。
Dominic Behan: ? Come all ye young rebels , ? 多米尼克本汉: ? 来吧,你们反叛的年轻人,?
rebels:n.反叛者(rebel的复数形式);v.谋反(rebel的第三人称单数形式);
? and list while I sing, ? ? 在我唱时,?
? for the love of one's land is a terrible thing. ? ?列出爱一个人的土地是件可怕的事情。?
BD: ? Oh my name it is nothin', ? BD : ? 哦我的名字什么都不是,?
? my age it means less, ? ? 我的年龄不是问题 ?
? the country I come from is called the Midwest . ? ? 我来自的国家被称为中西部。?
Midwest:n.美国的中西部;
KF: Okay, so in this case, Dylan admits he must have heard "The Patriot Game," he forgot about it, then when the song kind of bubbled back up in his brain, he just thought it was his song. KF: 好的所以在这种情况下,迪伦承认 他一定会听说过 爱国者游戏 ,他忘了这件事, 然后当这首歌有点回想起来时, 在他的大脑中,他认为那是他的歌。
bubbled:v.冒气泡;沸腾;充溢(bubble的过去分词);
Last one, this is "Who's Going To Buy You Ribbons ," 最后一个,这是 谁会给你买丝带,
Ribbons:n.绶带,丝带; v.用缎带装饰;
another traditional folk tune. 另一个传统民间小调。
Alongside that is "Don't Think Twice , It's All Right." 旁边的是 不要犹豫,那没关系。
Think Twice:再三考虑;重新考虑;
This one's more about the lyric . 这更多关于歌词。
lyric:adj.抒情的;吟唱的;n.抒情诗;歌词;
Paul Clayton: ? It ain't no use to sit and sigh now, ? 保罗 · 克莱顿: ?坐地叹息没有用?
? darlin', and it ain't no use to sit and cry now. ? ? 亲爱的 ,现在坐地叹息没有用。?
BD: ? It ain??t no use to sit and wonder why, babe, ? BD: ?坐地冥想没有用,宝贝,?
? if you don't know by now, ? ? 如果你现在还不明白?
? and it ain't no use to sit and wonder why, babe, ? ? 坐地冥想为什么真的没有用,宝贝,?
? it'll never do somehow . ? ? 它永远不会有用。?
somehow:adv.以某种方法;莫名其妙地;
KF: Okay, now, there's a lot of these. KF: 好吧,现在,有了很多例子。
It's been estimated that two thirds of the melodies 据预计,迪伦有三分之二
estimated:adj.估计的;预计的;估算的; melodies:n.美妙的音乐,歌曲(melody的复数);
Dylan used in his early songs were borrowed. 在他早期的歌中用过的旋律都是借来的。
This is pretty typical among folk singers. 这在民间歌手中相当平常。
typical:adj.典型的;特有的;象征性的;
Here's the advice of Dylan's idol , Woody Guthrie. 这里是迪伦的偶像 Woody Guthrie的意见。
idol:n.偶像,崇拜物;幻象;谬论; Woody:adj.木质的;多树木的;木头似的;
'"The worlds are the important thing. 世界是重要的事情,
Don't worry about tunes . Take a tune, sing high when they sing low, sing fast when they sing slow, and you've got a new tune." 就是别担心歌的曲调。一首曲子, 当他们唱低,你就唱高 当他们唱得慢,你就唱快。你就有一首新的曲子。
tunes:n.曲调;曲子;v.(为乐器)调音;调整;调频道;(tune的第三人称单数和复数)
(Laughter) (Applause) (笑声)(掌声)
And that's, that's what Guthrie did right here, and I'm sure you all recognize the results. 这就是 Guthrie 就在这里做的 相信大家都承认这结果。
recognize:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;
(Music) (音乐)
We know this tune, right? We know it? 我们听过这首曲子,正确吗?我们听过它吗?
Actually you don't. 其实你没有。
That is "When the World's on Fire," a very old melody, in this case performed by the Carter Family. 这就是 当世界起火 的非常老的旋律, 这个由卡特家族演奏。
performed:v.表演;执行;履行;演出;工作,运转(好/不好)(perform的过去分词和过去式)
Guthrie adapted it into "This Land Is Your Land." Guthrie 改编它为 这片土地是你的土地 。
adapted:adj.适于…的; v.使适应,使适合; (adapt的过去分词和过去式)
So, Bob Dylan, like all folk singers, he copied melodies, he transformed them, he combined them with new lyrics which were frequently their own concoction of previous stuff . 所以,鲍勃 · 迪伦,像所有的民歌手,他复制旋律, 他改变了它们,将它们与新歌词结合 这经常是自己炮制 以前的东西。
transformed:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);(transform的过去分词和过去式) lyrics:n.歌词;抒情诗(lyric的复数); frequently:adv.频繁地,经常地;时常,屡次; concoction:n.混合;调合;调合物; previous:adj.以前的;早先的;过早的;adv.在先;在…以前; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
Now, American copyright and patent laws run counter to this notion that we build on the work of others. 现在,关于我们建立在别人的工作的概念, 美国的版权和专利法律背道而驰。
copyright:n.版权;著作权;adj.受版权保护的;未经准许不得复制的;v.获得…的版权; patent:vt.授予专利; adj.专利的; n.专利权; notion:n.观念;信念;理解;
Instead, these laws and laws around the world use the rather awkward analogy of property. 这些法律和世界各地的法律都 使用财产似的笨拙的类比。
awkward:adj.尴尬的;笨拙的;棘手的;不合适的; analogy:n.类比;类推;类似;
Now, creative works may indeed be kind of like property, but it's property that we're all building on, and creations can only take root and grow once that ground has been prepared. 现在,创意作品可能确实是有点像财产, 但它的价值,是基于我们后来附加的创造上, 只要一有创意的土壤 且只有这样创意才能继续生根发芽
creative:adj.创造性的; creations:n.创作;创造物(creation的复数形式);
Henry Ford once said, "I invented nothing new. 亨利 · 福特曾经说过: 我没发明什么新的
Ford:n.福特[姓氏];浅滩;v.涉(水);渡河;津渡;
I simply assembled the discoveries of other men behind whom were centuries of work. 我只重新组合他人的发现 那背后是几个世纪的积累。
assembled:v.聚集;集合;收集;装配;组装;(assemble的过去分词和过去式)
Progress happens when all the factors that make for it are ready and then it is inevitable ." 当所有的因素,已准备好 进步才会实现,才成为必然 。
factors:n.因素(factor的复数); v.做代理商; inevitable:adj.必然的,不可避免的;
2007. The iPhone makes it debut . 2007年,iPhone 首次亮相。
debut:n.初次登台;开张;vi.初次登台;
Apple undoubtedly brings this innovation to us early, but its time was approaching because its core technology had been evolving for decades. 苹果无疑将这种创新给我们带来早了, 因为及其核心技术曾被数十年来不断发展, 但它的时代已经接近。
undoubtedly:adv.确实地,毋庸置疑的; innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法; approaching:v.靠近,接近;接洽;建议;要求;(approach的现在分词) core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; evolving:v.(使)逐渐形成,逐渐演变;进化形成;(evolve的现在分词)
That's multi-touch , controlling a device by touching its display . 这就是多点触控来控制设备的技术 这就是多点触控来控制设备的技术
multi-touch:多点触摸; device:n.装置;策略;图案; display:n.显示;炫耀;vt.显示;表现;陈列;vi.[动]作炫耀行为;adj.展览的;陈列用的;
Here is Steve Jobs introducing multi-touch and making a rather foreboding joke. 这里是史蒂夫 · 乔布斯在引入多点触摸 并说着预言性的玩笑。
foreboding:n.预感;先兆;预兆;adj.预感的;不祥之兆的;
Steve Jobs: And we have invented a new technology called multi-touch. 史蒂夫 · 乔布斯: 与我们发明了一种新技术 被称为多点触摸。
You can do multi-fingered gestures on it, and boy have we patented it. (Laughter) 你可以抓取的手势, 而且我们申请了专利!(笑声)
gestures:n.手势; v.做手势; (gesture的第三人称单数和复数) patented:adj.专利的;
KF: Yes. And yet, here is multi-touch in action. KF: 是的。然而,这里是多点触控的进展。
This is at TED, actually, about a year earlier. 这是在 TED,其实,较早前一年左右。
This is Jeff Han, and, I mean, that's multi-touch. 这是杰夫·韩,我的意思是,这就是多点触控。
It's the same animal, at least. 它至少是相同的动物。
Let's hear what Jeff Han has to say about this newfangled technology. 让我们听听杰夫汉已谈论这 新奇的技术。
newfangled:adj.新奇的;新流行的;最新式的;v.使流行(newfangle的过去式及过去分词);
Jeff Han: Multi-touch sensing isn't anything -- isn't completely new. I mean, people like Bill Buxton have been playing around with it in the '80s. 杰夫 · 汉: 多点触摸感应不是别的什么 — — 不是全新的。我的意思是,人们喜欢比尔巴克斯顿 它在八十年代玩弄它。
The technology, you know, isn't the most exciting thing here right now other than probably its newfound accessibility . 这项技术,你知道,现在并不是最令人兴奋的事情 除了它也许开拓了新的应用范围
newfound:adj.新发现的;新得到的; accessibility:n.易接近;可亲;可以得到;
KF: So he's pretty frank about it not being new. KF: 所以他相当坦率,这个技术不是新的。
frank:adj.坦白的,直率的;老实的;n.免费邮寄特权;v.免费邮寄;
So it's not multi-touch as a whole that's patented. 所以,不是多点触控整体被专利保护,
as a whole:总的来说;
It's the small parts of it that are, and it's in these small details where we can clearly see patent law contradicting its intent : to promote the progress of useful arts. 这是它的小部分才是。 正是在这些小细节中 我们可以清楚地看到专利法反驳其意图: 为促进有价值艺术的进步。
contradicting:n.矛盾;v.矛盾(contradict的ing形式);反驳;顶触; intent:n.意图;目的;含义;adj.专心的;急切的;坚决的; promote:v.促进;推动;促销;提升;晋升;
Here is the first ever slide-to-unlock. 这里是第一个 滑动解锁。
That is all there is to it. Apple has patented this. 就这么简单。苹果,这已获得专利。
It's a 28-page software patent, but I will summarize what it covers. Spoiler alert : Unlocking your phone by sliding an icon with your finger. (Laughter) 它是一种 28 页软件专利,但我会总结它所涵盖的内容。 注意,你们可能要失望了: 解锁您的电话 通过滑动用手指的图标。(笑声)
summarize:v.总结;概述;概括;归纳; Spoiler:n.剧透(透露与电影,书籍或者游戏内容有关的信息。); alert:n.警报; adj.警觉的; v.向…报警; Unlocking:v.(用钥匙)开…的锁;发现;揭示;揭开;(unlock的现在分词)
I'm only exaggerating a little bit. It's a broad patent. 我只一点有点夸大。它是一种广泛的专利。
exaggerating:v.夸张;夸大;言过其实(exaggerate的现在分词)
Now, can someone own this idea? 现在,有人可以拥有这种想法吗?
Now, back in the '80s, there were no software patents , and it was Xerox that pioneered the graphical user interface . 现在,早在八十年代,没有软件专利 开创了图形用户界面的施乐公司才那么干。
patents:n.[专利]专利(patent的复数形式);专利权; Xerox:n.施乐(商标名,美国办公设备制造公司); vt.用静电复印法复印; graphical:adj.图解的;绘画的;生动的; interface:n.接口;人机界面;连接电路;v.连接;
What if they had patented pop-up menus, scrollbars, the desktop with icons that look like folders and sheets of paper? 如果他们拥有弹出菜单专利 滚动条,在桌面上的图标看起来像文件夹 和一张纸吗?
What if:如果…怎么办? desktop:n.桌面;桌面(显示使用程序图标的计算机屏幕); folders:n.[轻]文件夹,方法;折页,档案夹(folder复数形式); sheets:n.床单;被单;薄片,薄板;(sheet的复数)
Would a young and inexperienced Apple have survived the legal assault from a much larger and more mature company like Xerox? 一个年轻和缺乏经验的苹果 会经受住从大得多的施乐公司的法律攻击 而变得更成熟吗?
inexperienced:adj.无经验的;不熟练的; legal:adj.法律的;合法的;法定的; assault:v.袭击;殴打;威胁;非议;(assault的现在分词) mature:v.成熟; adj.明白事理的;
Now, this idea that everything is a remix might sound like common sense until you're the one getting remixed . 现在,这一切都是混搭的想法可能听起来 像是常识一样除非你是正被混编的人。
common sense:adj.常识的;有生活经验得来的; remixed:v.混音;再混合(remix的过去分词);adj.混音的;
For example ... 例如 … …
SJ: I mean, Picasso had a saying. SJ: 我的意思是,毕加索曾说
Picasso:n.毕加索(西班牙画家);
He said, "Good artists copy. Great artists steal." 他说, 好的艺术家拷贝。伟大的艺术家偷窃。
And we have, you know, always been shameless about stealing great ideas. 我们有,你懂, 一直对偷窃伟大的想法不觉无耻。
shameless:adj.无耻的;不要脸的;伤风败俗的;
KF: Okay, so that's in '96. Here's in 2010. KF: 好的,这是在 96年。现在是 2010 年。
'"I'm going to destroy Android because it's a stolen product." 我要销毁安卓系统,因为它是一个盗窃来的产品。
Android:n.机器人;安卓操作系统;
(Laughter) (笑声)
'"I'm willing to go thermonuclear war on this." (Laughter) 我愿意就此开动热核战争 。(笑声)
thermonuclear:adj.[核]热核的;高热原子核反应的;
Okay, so in other words, great artists steal, but not from me. 好了,所以换句话说,伟大的艺术家窃取,但不是从我。
(Laughter) (笑声)
Now, behavioral economists might refer to this sort of thing as loss aversion 现在,行为经济学家可能会将这种事称为损失厌恶心理
behavioral:adj.行为的; refer:v.参考;涉及;提到;查阅; aversion:n.厌恶;讨厌的人;
We have a strong predisposition towards protecting what we feel is ours. 我们有强烈倾向于保护 我们自己的东西。
predisposition:n.倾向;素质;易染病体质;
We have no such aversion towards copying what other people have, because we do that nonstop . 我们没有对复制其他人厌恶 因为我们不停地做。
nonstop:adj.直达的;不休息的;不着陆的;n.直达车;adv.不休息地;
So here's the sort of equation we're looking at. 所以这是我们看着的等式。
equation:n.方程式,等式;相等;[化学]反应式;
We've got laws that fundamentally treat creative works as property, plus massive rewards or settlements in infringement cases, plus huge legal fees to protect yourself in court, plus cognitive biases against perceived loss. 我们得从根本上将创意作品视为财产的法律 和在侵权行为中巨大的回报或浅规则 再加上若要在法庭上保护自己的巨大的法律费用 再加上若要在法庭上保护自己的巨大的法律费用 加上认知偏见反对感知损失。
fundamentally:adv.从根本上;基础地;重要地 treat:v.治疗;处理;招待;款待;n.款待;乐事;乐趣; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; rewards:n.[劳经]奖励; v.[劳经]奖赏; settlements:n.协议:处理:结算:定居点;(settlement的复数) infringement:n.侵犯;违反; legal fees:律师费;法律费用; cognitive:adj.认知的,认识的; biases:n.偏差,偏见(bias的复数形式);v.偏见(bias的三单形式); perceived:v.注意到;意识到;将…视为;认为;(perceive的过去式和过去分词)
And the sum looks like this. 与总和看起来像这样。
That is the last four years of lawsuits in the realm of smartphones . 这是过去四年在智能手机领域的诉讼 这是过去四年在智能手机领域的诉讼
lawsuits:n.诉讼,法律诉讼;控诉(lawsuit的复数形式); realm:n.领域,范围;王国; smartphones:智能手机(smartphone的复数);
Is this promoting the progress of useful arts? 这是宣扬有用艺术的进展情况吗?
promoting:v.促进;推动;促销;提升;晋升;(promote的现在分词)
1983. Bob Dylan is 42 years old, and his time in the cultural spotlight is long since past. 1983。 鲍勃 · 迪伦是 42 岁的时候 他在文化聚光灯下的时代早已过去。
cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; spotlight:n.聚光灯;反光灯;公众注意的中心;v.聚光照明;使公众注意;
He records a song called "Blind Willie McTell," 他录了一首歌叫做 盲的 威利 麦克塔,
named after the blues singer, and the song is a voyage through the past, through a much darker time, but a simpler one, a time when musicians like Willie McTell had few illusions about what they did. 这首歌的名字以蓝调歌手命名 歌曲是穿梭到过去,到一个当时更黑暗的时代 但有一种简单音乐的过去,人们喜欢威利 麦克塔的过去 有他们所做的几个幻想。
voyage:v.航行;远行;(尤指)远航;n.航行;(尤指)航海; illusions:n.幻想;错觉;幻觉;幻影(illusion的复数)
'"I jump 'em from other writers but I arrange 'em my own way." 我从其他作家那抄来的 但我用我自己的方式。
arrange:v.安排;排列;整理;
I think this is mostly what we do. 我认为这是我们主要做的。
Our creativity comes from without, not from within. 我们的创意来自于外界,而不是我们内心。
We are not self-made . We are dependent on one another, and admitting this to ourselves isn't an embrace of mediocrity and derivativeness. 我们不是闭门造车,而是相互依赖的, 对我们自己承认这一点并不是 对平庸和变种的拥抱。
self-made:adj.自制的;自力更生的;自造的; dependent on:依赖于;依靠; embrace:n.拥抱,怀抱;v.拥抱;乐意采纳(思想、建议等);信奉;包括; mediocrity:n.平庸之才;平常;
It's a liberation from our misconceptions , and it's an incentive to not expect so much from ourselves and to simply begin. 这是一次我们从误解中的解放, 这是不对自己期望过高的感知 只要开始就好。
liberation:n.释放,解放; misconceptions:n.迷思概念;错误的想法; incentive:n.动机;刺激;adj.激励的;刺激的;
Thank you so much. It was an honor to be here. 非常感谢。能够在这里是我的荣幸。
Thank you. (Applause) 谢谢。(掌声)
Thank you. Thank you. (Applause) 谢谢。谢谢。(掌声)
Thank you. (Applause) 谢谢。(掌声)