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KimGorgens_2010X-_保护大脑预防脑震荡_
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| So, a funny thing happened on my way to becoming a brilliant, world-class neuropsychologist : |
有意思的事情发生了, 在我变成 世界级著名的神经心理学家的过程中: |
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world-class:n.世界级;adj.世界级的; neuropsychologist:神经心理学家;
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| I had a baby. |
我怀孕了。 |
| And that's not to say |
这不是说 |
| I ever went on to become a brilliant, world-class neuropsychologist. |
我曾为了成为 一个世界级著名的神经心理学家。 |
| Sorry, TED. |
对不起TED。 |
| But I did go on to be a reasonably astute , arguably world-class worrier . |
但是我成为了一个足够敏锐, 可以说是世界级的杞人忧天者。 |
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reasonably:adv.合理地;相当地;适度地; astute:adj.机敏的;狡猾的,诡计多端的; arguably:v.可论证地; worrier:n.发愁的人;烦人事;
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| One of my girlfriends in graduate school , Marie, said, "Kim, I figured it out. |
我在研究生学校的一个女伴,Marie, 说,“Kim,我发现了。 |
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graduate school:研究所,研究院;
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| It's not that you're more neurotic than everyone else; it's just that you're more honest about how neurotic you are." |
这不是因为你比其他人更神经质, 而是你更诚实 看待自己的神经质。” |
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neurotic:adj.神经过敏的;神经病的;n.神经病患者;神经过敏者;
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| So in the spirit of full disclosure , |
所以在这种论调下, |
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disclosure:n.揭露;透露;公开;公开的事情;
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| I brought some pictures to share. |
我带来了一些照片来分享。 |
| Awwww. |
恩。 |
| I'll just say, July. |
我要说,七月大的孩子。 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| Zzzzzzip for safety. |
这个 为了安全。 |
| Water wings -- an inch of water. |
水在流动 - 一英尺的水。 |
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Water wings:n.(儿童学游泳时套在胳膊上的)双翼式浮水袋;
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| And then, finally , all suited up for the 90-minute drive to Copper Mountain. |
然后,最终,全副武装 为了到Copper山的90分钟车程。 |
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finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地; Copper:n.铜;铜币;警察;adj.铜(制)的;(紫)铜色的;v.用铜板[铜皮]盖[包];
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| So you can get kind of a feel for this. |
所以你能感觉到大概的意思。 |
| So my baby, Vander, is eight years old now. |
所以我的孩子,Vander, 现在8岁了。 |
| And, despite being cursed with my athletic inability , he plays soccer. |
同我缺乏运动能力 相比, 他踢足球。 |
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despite:prep.尽管,不管;n.轻视;憎恨;侮辱; cursed:adj.被诅咒的;讨厌的;v.诅咒;咒骂;(curse的过去分词和过去式) athletic:adj.健壮的;体育运动的;田径运动的 inability:n.无能力;无才能;
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| He's interested in playing football. |
他对橄榄球感兴趣。 |
| He wants to learn how to ride a unicycle . |
他还想要骑独轮车。 |
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unicycle:n.单轮车;独轮脚踏车;
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| So why would I worry? |
所以我为什么要担忧呢？ |
| Because this is what I do. This is what I teach. |
因为这是我研究的领域和我教授的东西。 |
| It's what I study. It's what I treat . |
这也是我所学习和要解决的问题。 |
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treat:v.治疗;处理;招待;款待;n.款待;乐事;乐趣;
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| And I know that kids get concussed every year. |
而且我知道每年都会有儿童遭受脑震荡。 |
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concussed:adj.有脑震荡的;v.使…震动(concuss的过去式和过去分词);
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| In fact, more than four million people sustain a concussion every year, and these data are just among kids under 14 who were seen in emergency rooms. |
事实上,每年超过四百万的人遭受脑震荡, 并且这只是14岁以下的儿童 在紧急救护室的数据。 |
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sustain:v.支持;支撑;遭受;证实; concussion:n.冲击;震荡;脑震荡; emergency:n.紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻;adj.紧急的;备用的;
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| And so when kids sustain a concussion, we talk about them getting dinged or getting their bell rung , but what is it that we're really talking about? |
所以当儿童遭受脑震荡, 我们告诉他们要注意, 但是我们究竟在说些什么呢？ |
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dinged:v.叮当作响;打击,撞击;反复地说;(ding的过去分词和过去式) rung:n.横档,脚蹬横木;地位;v.给…打电话(ring的过去式和过去分词);
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| Let's take a look. |
现在请看。 |
| All right. "Starsky and Hutch ," arguably, yes. |
对。可以说是“警界双雄”场景。是的。 |
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Hutch:n.笼;小屋;贮藏箱;矿车;v.把…装箱;
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| So a car accident. |
一场车祸。 |
| Forty miles an hour into a fixed barrier -- 35 Gs. |
每小时40英里的速度装上库顶的围栏 - 对脑颅撞击力是35克数指。 |
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barrier:n.屏障;障碍;障碍物;关口;v.用栅围住;
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| A heavy weight boxer punches you straight in the face -- 58 Gs. |
一个重量级的拳击手 重重地打在你的脸上 - 58克撞击力。 |
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punches:v.用拳猛击(punch的第三人称单数形式); n.一拳(punch的复数);
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| In case you missed it, we'll look again. |
如果你没注意,我们再看一遍。 |
| So look to the right-hand side of the screen. |
所以看屏幕的右边。 |
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right-hand:adj.得力的;右手的,用右手的;
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| What would you say? |
你会说什么呢？ |
| How many Gs? |
多少克？ |
| Close. |
接近了。 |
| Seventy-two. |
72克。 |
| Would it be crazy to know, 103 Gs. |
是不是很惊讶得知道呢, 103克。 |
| The average concussive impact is 95 Gs. |
平均的脑震荡的撞击力 是95克。 |
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concussive:adj.震荡性的;给与冲击的; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
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| Now, when the kid on the right doesn't get up, we know they've had a concussion. |
现在,当右边的孩子没起来, 我们知道他们发生了脑震荡。 |
| But how about the kid on the left, or the athlete that leaves the field of play? |
但是左边的孩子呢, 或者是离开场地的运动员呢？ |
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athlete:n.运动员,体育家;身强力壮的人;
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| How do we know if he or she has sustained a concussion? |
我们怎么知道 他或者她是否也遭受了脑震荡呢？ |
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sustained:adj.持续的; v.维持; (sustain的过去分词和过去式)
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| How do we know that legislation that would require that they be pulled from play, cleared for return to play, applies to them? |
我们怎么知道 法律要求他们停止比赛, 直到恢复才能继续比赛, 适用于他们？ |
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legislation:n.立法;法律; applies:v.适用;申请;运用;专心;(apply的第三人称单数)
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| The definition of concussion doesn't actually require a loss of consciousness . |
脑震荡的定义 事实上并不需要失去意识。 |
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definition:n.定义;清晰度;(尤指词典里的词或短语的)释义;解释; consciousness:n.意识;知觉;觉悟;感觉;
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| It requires only a change in consciousness, and that can be any one of a number of symptoms , including feeling foggy , feeling dizzy , hearing a ringing in your ear, being more impulsive or hostile than usual. |
它只需要意识的变化, 可以是如下的症状, 包括感觉模糊,眩晕, 耳朵里有响声, 比平常更冲动或具有敌意。 |
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symptoms:n.症状;征候;征兆;(symptom的复数) foggy:adj.有雾的;模糊的,朦胧的; dizzy:adj.晕眩的; vt.使头晕眼花; impulsive:adj.冲动的;受感情驱使的;任性的; hostile:adj.敌意的; n.敌对分子;
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| So given all of that and given how darn neurotic I am, how do I get any sleep at all? |
所以由于这些和我的神经质都有关, 我怎么能睡得着呢？ |
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darn:v.织补,缝补;n.织补;
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| Because I know our brains are resilient . |
因为我知道 我们的大脑具有恢复性。 |
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resilient:adj.弹回的,有弹力的;
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| They're designed to recover from an injury . |
它们被设计可自行从受伤中恢复 。 |
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injury:n.伤害,损害;受伤处;
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| If, God forbid , any of us left here tonight and sustained a concussion, most of us would go on to fully recover inside of a couple hours to a couple of weeks. |
如果,上帝禁止, 我们之中的人今晚离开这里并且遭受脑震荡, 我们当中的大多数可以完全恢复 在几个小时 到几个星期内。 |
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forbid:v.禁止;不准;不允许;(正式)严禁;
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| But kids are more vulnerable to brain injury. |
但是儿童更易发生脑损伤。 |
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vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的;
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| In fact, high school athletes are three times more likely to sustain catastrophic injuries relative even to their college-age peers , and it takes them longer to return to a symptom-free baseline . |
事实上,高中的运动员比起大学生更有三倍的可能性 遭受巨大的损伤 , 并且他们需要更长的时间 来恢复。 |
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athletes:n.运动员;身强体健的人(athlete的复数形式); catastrophic:adj.灾难的;悲惨的;灾难性的,毁灭性的; injuries:n.伤害,损伤;挫伤;(injury的复数) relative:adj.相对的;有关系的;成比例的;n.亲戚;相关物;[语]关系词;亲缘植物; peers:n.平辈,同事(peer的复数);v.凝视;比得上(peer的三单形式); symptom-free:adj.无症状的;解除症状; baseline:n.基线;底线;
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| After that first injury, their risk for second injury is exponentially greater. |
在第一次损伤之后, 他们第二次损伤的风险 指数会增大。 |
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exponentially:adv.以指数方式;
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| From there, their risk for a third injury, greater still, and so on. |
通过那数据,他们第三次损伤的概率 更大,以此类推。 |
| And here's the really alarming part: we don't fully understand the long-term impact of multiple injuries. |
现在这是很严峻的情况: 我们完全不知道 多次损伤的长期影响。 |
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long-term:adj.长期的;从长远来看; multiple:adj.数量多的;多种多样的;n.倍数;
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| You guys may be familiar with this research that's coming out of the NFL. |
你们可能熟悉这个 由NFL进行的研究。 |
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familiar:adj.熟悉的;常见的;亲近的;n.常客;密友;
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| In a nutshell , this research suggests that among retired NFL players with three or more career concussions , the incidents of early-onset dementing disease is much greater than it is for the general population. |
在小范围内, 这个研究表明 在退役的NFL运动员中 有三次或更多次职业性的脑震荡, 早期痴呆症的概率 比普通人更大。 |
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In a nutshell:极简单地;简言之;简而言之;总而言之; career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历; concussions:n.冲击;震荡;脑震荡; early-onset:早发型;早期的; dementing:adj.[医]痴呆的; disease:n.病,[医]疾病;弊病;vt.传染;使…有病;
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| So you've all seen that -- New York Times, you've seen it. |
所以你们都看过这个 - 纽约时报,你看到了。 |
| What you may not be familiar with is that this research was spearheaded by NFL wives who said, "Isn't it weird that my 46-year-old husband is forever losing his keys? |
你们可能不熟悉的是 NFL队员的妻子们倡导这个研究 说, “我46岁的丈夫 总是丢钥匙,是不是很奇怪？ |
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spearheaded:v.做…的先锋;带头做;领先突击;(spearhead的过去分词和过去式) weird:adj.奇怪的;奇异的;离奇的;n.命运;宿命;命运女神;
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| Isn't it weird that my 47-year-old husband is forever losing the car? |
我47岁的丈夫 以老认不出自家车,是不是很奇怪？ |
| Isn't it weird that my 48-year-old husband is forever losing his way home in the car, from the driveway ?" |
我48岁的丈夫 驱车而行,总是记不得回家的路, 是不是很奇怪？” |
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driveway:n.(从建筑物,住房,车库等通往大路的)私人车道;
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| So I may have forgotten to mention that my son is an only child . |
所以我差点忘记说 我的儿子只是个孩子。 |
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only child:n.独生子(或女);
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| So it's going to be really important that he be able to drive me around some day. |
所以这更加重要 他能够在将来开车带着我。 |
| So how do we guarantee the safety of our kids? |
所以我们怎么能够保证我们孩子的安全呢？ |
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guarantee:n.保证;担保;保证人;保证书;抵押品;v.保证;担保;
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| How can we 100 percent guarantee the safety of our kids? |
我们怎么能够百分之百 保证我们孩子的安全？ |
| Let me tell you what I've come up with . |
让我告诉你们我想的。 |
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come up with:提出;想出;赶上;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| If only. |
但愿如此。 |
| My little boy's right there, and he's like, "She's not kidding. |
那个小孩在这里,他像是说,“她没在开玩笑。 |
| She's totally not kidding." |
她真的没在开玩笑。” |
| So in all seriousness , should my kid play football? |
所以很严肃地, 我的孩子应当玩橄榄球吗？ |
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seriousness:n.严重性;严肃;认真;
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| Should your kid play football? I don't know. |
你们的孩子应当玩橄榄球吗？我不知道。 |
| But I do know there are three things you can do. |
但是我知道有三件事你们能做。 |
| The first: study up. |
第一,学习。 |
| You have to be familiar with the issues we're talking about today. |
你们需要熟悉我们今天讨论的东西。 |
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issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
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| There are some great resources out there. |
这里有一些很好的资源。 |
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resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
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| The CDC has a program, Heads Up. |
美国疾病控制与预防中心有个项目,预防脑震荡警告。 |
| It's at CDC.gov. |
这在CDC.gov的网站上。 |
| Heads Up is specific to concussion in kids. |
预防脑震荡警告专门针对儿童的脑震荡。 |
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specific:adj.特殊的,特定的;明确的;详细的;[药]具有特效的;n.特性;细节;特效药;
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| The second is a resource I'm personally really proud of. |
对于这第二个资源,我很自豪。 |
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personally:adv.个人;亲自;本人;就本人而言;
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| We've just rolled this out in the last couple months -- |
我们在过去几个月完成了这个 - |
| CO Kids With Brain Injury. |
预防儿童的脑损伤。 |
| This is a great resource for student athletes, teachers, parents, professionals , athletic and coaching staff. |
这对学生运动员, 老师,家长,专家, 职业运动员和教练来说,都是很好的资源。 |
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professionals:n.[管理]专业人员(professional的复数);
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| It's a great place to start if you have questions. |
如果你有问题的话, 这是一个可以帮助的地方。 |
| The second thing is: speak up. |
第二件事是说出来。 |
| Just two weeks ago, a bill introduced by Senator Kefalas that would have required athletes, kids under 18, to wear a helmet when they're riding their bike died in committee . |
就在两周前, 一个由参议院Kefalas提交的法案 要求 运动员,儿童,在18岁下 在骑自行车时戴上头盔, 这法案在委员会被否决了。 |
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Senator:n.参议员; committee:n.委员会;
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| It died in large part because it lacked constituent buy-in; it lacked stakeholder traction . |
被否决主要是 因为它缺乏选民的支持, 它缺乏资本家的支持。 |
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constituent:n.构成要素;选民;成分;adj.组成的;构成的; stakeholder:n.利益相关者;赌金保管者; traction:n.牵引;[机][车辆]牵引力;
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| Now I'm not here to tell you what kind of legislation you should or shouldn't support, but I am going to tell you that, if it matters to you, your legislators need to know that. |
现在我不是说什么样的立法 你们应当,或不应当,支持, 但是我要告诉你们,如果这和你们相关, 你们的立法者应当知道这些。 |
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I am going to:我将要做什么事情 legislators:n.立法委员;(legislator的复数)
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| Speak up also with coaching staff. |
同样包括教练组成员去代言。 |
| Ask about what kind of protective equipment is available. |
询问有什么样的保护设施。 |
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protective:adj.防护的;关切保护的;保护贸易的;
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| What's the budget for protective equipment? |
保护设施的预算是多少？ |
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budget:n.预算,预算费;v.安排,预定;把…编入预算;adj.廉价的;
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| How old it is? |
使用时间多久了？ |
| Maybe offer to spearhead a fundraiser to buy new gear -- which brings us to suit up. |
可能要去寻找资金 去买新的设备。 让我们准备好行装, |
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fundraiser:n.资金筹集人;资金筹集活动; gear:n.齿轮; v.适合;
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| Wear a helmet. |
戴上头盔。 |
| The only way to prevent a bad outcome is to prevent that first injury from happening. |
阻止坏结果发生的唯一途径是 防止第一次伤害的发生。 |
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outcome:n.结果,结局;成果;
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| Recently , one of my graduate students, |
最近,我的一个研究生,汤姆, |
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Recently:adv.最近;新近;
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| Tom said, "Kim, I've decided to wear a bike helmet on my way to class." |
他说, “Kim,我决定在上课的途中带上自行车头盔 。” |
| And Tom knows that that little bit of foam in a bike helmet can reduce the G-force of impact by half. |
并且汤姆知道在自行车头盔的小海绵 能够减少撞击力的克数值一半。 |
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foam:n.泡沫;水沫;灭火泡沫;v.起泡沫;吐白沫;起着泡沫流动;
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| Now I thought that it was because I have this totally compelling helmet crusade , right, this epiphany of Tom's. |
现在我觉得这是 由于我强力地倡导带头盔, 对,汤姆领悟到了。 |
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compelling:adj.引人入胜的; v.强迫; (compel的现在分词) crusade:n.运动;(中世纪的)十字军东征;v.长期坚定不移地奋斗; epiphany:对事物真谛的顿悟;
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| As it turns out, it occurred to Tom that a 20-dollar helmet is a good way to protect a $100,000-dollar graduate education. |
这表明,对汤姆而言,20块钱的头盔 就能保护他继续10万元研究生教育,这再好不过了。 |
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occurred:v.发生;出现;存在于;出现在;(occur的过去分词和过去式)
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| So, should Vander play football? |
所以,Vander要不要玩橄榄球？ |
| I can't say no, but I can guarantee that every time he leaves the house that kid's wearing a helmet -- like to the car, or at school. |
我不能说不, 但是我能保证 每次他离开家 都戴上头盔 - 像在汽车里, 或是在学校。 |
| So whether athlete, scholar , over-protected kid, neurotic mom, or otherwise, here's my baby, Vander, reminding you to mind your matter. |
所以不论运动员,学者, 过度保护的孩子,神经质的母亲, 或是其它的, 这是我的孩子,Vander, 提醒你们 要关心你们预防脑震荡的事情-戴头盔。 |
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scholar:n.学者;奖学金获得者;聪颖勤奋的学生; reminding:v.提醒;使想起;(remind的现在分词)
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| Thank you. |
谢谢。 |
| (Applause) |
（掌声） |