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KevinToolis_2020P-_爱尔兰式的守灵如何教导我们生与死_-
So the gods sent a message to an old king. 神传递了一个讯息给一位老国王:
'"We will disguise you so that you can enter the enemy camp, find your son's killer and then you can try and ransom your dead son's body back off him." 「我们会幫你伪装, 让你能够进入敌营, 找到杀死你儿子的兇手, 接着你就可以试着把 已故儿子的尸体赎回。」
When the king tells his queen, she is terrified. 当国王跟皇后说这件事时, 她吓坏了。
'"Don't go! 「别去！
Man-slaying Achilles will kill you too." 杀人不贬眼的阿基里斯 会把你也杀了。」
But then the old man, 但,接着,这位老人,[00:42]
disguise:v.掩饰;假装;隐瞒;n.伪装;假装;用作伪装的东西; ransom:n.赎金;v.(为某人)交付赎金;
King Priam of Troy, says something strange and wonderful but difficult for our generation to fully comprehend . 特洛伊的国王普赖姆, 说了一句很奇怪且很美妙的话, 但我们的这个世代很难完全理解它。
'"I don't care if the Greeks kill me, just as long as I first have the heart-comforting embrace of my dead son in my arms." 「我不在乎希腊人是否会杀了我, 只要我在死前能够先用我的双臂
'"My dead son in my arms?" 「拥抱已故的儿子？」
Doesn't the old man know that the bodies of the dead are worthless ? 这个老人难道不知道 死人的尸体是没有价值的吗？
comprehend:v.理解;包含;由…组成; as long as:conj.只要;长达;如果;既然; embrace:n.拥抱,怀抱;v.拥抱;乐意采纳(思想、建议等);信奉;包括; worthless:adj.无价值的;不值钱的;卑微的;
His quest pointless . 他在追求没有意义的目标。
Who would risk their life for a corpse ? 为什么要为了尸体冒生命危险？
The story comes from Book 24 of "The Iliad ," 这个故事出自于 《伊利亚德》第二十四卷,
a foundation work of Western civilization written by Homer in 700 BC about a war that took place in 1300 BC. 这本书是西方文明的基础作品, 由荷马在西元前七百年撰写, 内容是关于西元前 一千三百年发生的一场战争。
quest:n.追求;寻找;vi.追求;寻找;vt.探索; pointless:adj.无意义的;钝的;不尖的;不得要领的; corpse:n.尸体; Iliad:n.伊里亚特(相传为荷马所做的古希腊史诗); foundation:n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立; civilization:n.文明;文明社会;文明世界;(特定时期和地区的)社会文明; Homer:n.荷马(公元前9世纪前后的希腊盲诗人);本垒打;
The siege of Troy. 特洛伊战争。
A bardic poem that was memorized , recited and performed for thousands of years. 数千年来,这首诗作不断被 记住、引述、表演出来。
You heard the sound of the Iliad cascade through your ears and in that retelling you rediscover the ancient life and death wisdom of our ancestors. 源远流长的伊利亚德之歌 萦绕在你耳畔, 在那不断重述当中,你重新找到我们 祖先的古老生死智慧。
siege:n.围攻;包围;围城;不断袭击;长期努力;vt.围攻;包围; bardic:adj.吟游诗人的; memorized:v.记忆;记住(memorize的过去分词和过去式) recited:vt.背诵;叙述;列举;vi.背诵;叙述; performed:v.表演;执行;履行;演出;工作,运转(好/不好)(perform的过去分词和过去式) cascade:n.小瀑布,瀑布状物;串联;vi.像瀑布般大量倾泻下来;vi.像瀑布般悬挂着; retelling:n.复述;复述法;v.复述;再讲(retell的ing形式); rediscover:vt.重新发现;再发现; wisdom:n.智慧;明智;才智;学问;
How to be brave in sorrow, how to face your own death with courage, how to teach your children how to die, how to be a better mortal , a better human. 在悲伤中要如何勇敢, 如何带着勇气去面对你自己的死亡, 如何教导你的孩子要怎么死, 如何成为更好的凡人, 更好的人。
The very last line in Ancient Greek of "The Iliad" itself. 在《伊利亚德》中 古希腊语书写的最后一句话。
A wisdom that we have willfully forgotten and lost in our newish self-centered fear of death. 我们在出于自我中心 而对死亡产生的新恐惧中, 蓄意忘记和失去了这种智慧。
mortal:adj.凡人的;致死的;终有一死的;不共戴天的;n.人类,凡人; willfully:adv.故意地;任性固执地; newish:adj.尚新的;稍微新的; self-centered:adj.自我中心的;利己主义的;
In contrast , we have subcontracted our mortality out. 相对的,我们把自身的必死性给外包出去了。
Modern death absurdly has become a medical specialism . 很荒谬的是,现代死亡 变成了医学的专業领域。
Palliative care a foreign country we never visit. 纾缓照护是一个我们从未造访的国度,
Or only at the end of our own lives. 或是我们只在生命临终 才会前往的地方。
contrast:n.对比;对照;反差;明显的差异;v.对比;对照;形成对比; subcontracted:n.分包合同;[经]转包合同;vi.转包;分包;vt.转包; mortality:n.死亡数,死亡率;必死性,必死的命运; absurdly:adv.荒谬地;愚蠢地;悖理地; specialism:n.专长;专攻;专门研究; Palliative:n.辩解;缓和剂;暂时姑息的手段;adj.缓和的;掩饰的;可斟酌的;
The ultimate form of death denial . 这在根本上是否认死亡。
Just as we have forbidden ourselves not only the embrace but the very sight of our own dead. 就如同我们禁止自身拥抱死亡, 甚至禁止正视死亡。
Forbidden. 禁止。
Shall we take a test? 我们能做个测试吗？
Can you take the fingers of your right hand? 能请各位把右手的手指伸出来吗？[03:18]
ultimate:adj.最终的;极限的;根本的;n.终极;根本;基本原则; denial:n.否认;否定;剥夺(应有的权利);拒不承认(令人不快、痛苦的事); forbidden:adj.禁止的; v.禁止; (forbid的过去分词和过去式)
Yeah, you, everyone, and count off the number of corpses that you have seen, touched, kissed and embraced in your entire life? 是的,所有人。 算算看你一生中曾经看过、碰触过、 亲吻过、拥抱过的尸体数目？
One? 一个？
Or two? 两个？
Or none? 没有？
Will your corpse count make it to the fingers of your left hand? 你计算尸体数目会需要用到左手吗？[03:37]
count off:n.(点算后)分出;[口令]报数; corpses:n.尸体(corpse的复数形式); embraced:v.拥抱;欣然接受,乐意采纳;信奉;包含;(embrace的过去分词和过去式)
And how could that be, in a world where everyone is mortal? 在这个人人都会死的世界, 怎么可能会这样？
On our TV screens, we would pixel it out, that final act of Homeric love, the dead Hector in his father's arms, on the grounds of taste and public decency , and the advertizing revenue . 在我们的电视萤幕上, 会用马赛克遮住 荷马之爱的最后一幕, 已死的赫克托尔在他的父亲怀抱中, 打马赛克的理由 是美感以及公众礼仪, 还有广告收益。
But our existential flight has not made us stronger, wiser, more death-courageous, just more fearful . 但,为了生存而逃避面对死亡 并没有让我们 更强壮、更明智、更不怕死, 只有更恐惧。
We're far too sad, too frightened of our own death. 我们对自己的死亡 感到太悲伤、太惧怕了。
pixel:n.象素;图像的基本单位;表示显示在萤幕上的一点; Hector:n.赫克托耳;虚张声势的人;v.吓唬;威吓;欺负;(向…)虚张声势; decency:n.正派;体面;庄重;合乎礼仪;礼貌; advertizing:n.广告,广告活动; adj.广告的; v.登广告(advertize的ing形式); revenue:n.收益;营业额;税务署; existential:adj.存在主义的;有关存在的;存在判断的; fearful:adj.可怕的;担心的;严重的; frightened:adj.害怕的;受惊的;惊吓的;v.使惊吓;使惊恐;(frighten的过去分词和过去式)
Our conception of death has narrowed to an I-thing, never an our-thing. 我们对死亡的观念已经 狭隘到变成「我」的事, 而非「我们」的事。
The terminally ill are often ashamed of their sickening and hide from sight. 得了绝症的人通常 会因为自己的病感到羞耻,
We are embarrassed about what to say to a colleague who's lost someone they love. 我们不知道该对失去所爱之人的同事 说什么才不会尴尬。
Embarrassed by our mortality. 我们的必死性让我们尴尬。
conception:n.怀孕;概念;设想;开始; terminally:adv.最后;在末端;处于末期症状上;致命地; ashamed:adj.惭愧;尴尬;因惭愧而不情愿; sickening:adj.让人厌恶的; v.使大为震惊; (sicken的现在分词) embarrassed:adj.尴尬的;窘迫的;v.使...局促不安;(embarrass的过去分词和过去式) colleague:n.同事,同僚;
Worried that if we say anything, we will make them more sad. 担心如果我们说什么, 会让他们更悲伤。
And sad, of course, is bad. 当然,悲伤是不好的。
The pleasures of sorrow, grieving openly together, are unrecognizable to us. 悲伤的慰藉, 在于一起公开哀悼, 这些不在我们的认知范畴。
Though they are often cited in "The Iliad" 虽然悲伤的慰藉常在 引述《伊利亚德》时提到,
along with motherly advice to have more sex as a form of grief therapy . 并搭配慈母般的建议: 用更多性事來當作 某種形式的哀傷療法。
Advice, which speaking from personal experience, can do a grieving soul a world of good. 出于个人经验而给出的建议, 对于悲伤的人有莫大的好处。
grieving:v.悲伤,悲痛,伤心;使悲伤;使伤心;(grieve的现在分词) unrecognizable:adj.未被承认的;无法认出的; motherly:adj.母亲的;慈母般的; grief:n.悲痛;忧伤;不幸; therapy:n.治疗,疗法; personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词;
(Laughter) （笑声）
We are more afraid of dying than those warriors on the plains of Troy. 我们比特洛伊平原上的那些战士 还要更惧怕死亡。
More conquered by death. 比他们更被死亡所征服。
And of course, you always would be more sad and more afraid if you believe that you will only ever face death alone and in terror. 当然,你一定会感到 更悲伤、更害怕, 因为你相信你会独自一人 在恐惧中面对死亡。
warriors:n.(尤指旧时的)武士,勇士,斗士(warrior的复数) conquered:v.攻克;征服;击败,战胜;控制;(conquer的过去分词和过去式)
A once in a death time experience. 一「死」只有一次的经验。 （注:通常说一「生」）
A me-death, never a we-death. 「我」的死亡,从来 就不是「我们」的死亡。
But what about if you train for death the same way that we all train to drive a car? 但如果我们接受死亡训练, 就像接受驾驶训练一样呢？
Taking lessons off an instructor . 向教练学习。
Going on little laps around your local neighborhood , sitting a whole series of tests, which even if you failed, you'd get to resit again. 到你当地的邻里去绕个几圈, 参加一连串的测验, 就算你被当掉了,也还可以再参加。
A common social experience, a rite of passage . 变成一种常见的社会经验, 一种人生重大仪式。
instructor:n.指导书;教员;指导者; neighborhood:n.附近;地区;街坊;adj.附近的; series:n.系列,连续;[电]串联;级数;丛书; resit:vt.(英)重考;补考;vi.补考;重考;n.补考;重考; rite of passage:n.(标志人生重要阶段的)通过仪式;
It doesn't sound hard, does it? 听起来不难,是吧？
Now if you've never been to a Trojan wake or an Irish version of the same thing, and only seen the movie, you're probably thinking it's just another Irish piss-up. 如果你从来没有参加过 特洛伊式的守灵, 或同一种守灵的爱尔兰版本, 且只看过电影, 你可能会认为这又是爱尔兰的狂饮。
A few drunks in some dank bar, lamenting their dead uncle Johnny who they buried that morning. 阴冷的酒吧里,几个醉汉, 为他们在那天早上 下葬的已故强尼叔叔哀悼。
But you would be dead wrong. 那你就大错特错了 （字面译:死的错）。
Wakes are the oldest rites of humanity . 守灵是人类最早的仪式之一。
Trojan:n.勇士;特洛伊人;勤勉的人;adj.特洛伊的;特洛伊人的; dank:adj.潮湿的;阴湿的;透水的; lamenting:adj.悲伤的;悲哀的;v.悲痛;哀悼;惋惜(lament的ing形式); rites:n.仪式(rite的复数); humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科;
When I was seven, my mother took me to meet my first corpse. 我七岁时, 我母亲带我去见 我人生中的第一具尸体。
A wake on the island of our ancestors. 在我祖先的岛屿上举办的一场守灵。
An old man with hairy nostrils lying in a box, who I instinctively knew wasn't sleeping. 棺材里躺着一个鼻毛很多的老男人, 我直觉知道他并不是在睡觉。
Even then in her maternal care she was teaching her boy to overcome the fear of death, just as her community had overcome their fear together for thousands of years. 就连还在做月子的时候, 我母亲就教导她的儿子 要克服对死亡的恐惧, 就如同她的族人数千年来
nostrils:n.[解剖]鼻孔(nostril的复数); instinctively:adv.本能地; maternal:adj.母亲的;母性的;母系的;母体遗传的; overcome:vt.克服;胜过;vi.克服;得胜; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
My family have lived in the same village on an island off the coast of County Mayo in Ireland for the last 250 years. 我家族一直住在爱尔兰梅奥郡 外海小岛上的同一个村落, 长达两百五十年。
A real wake has got a real dead body. 真正的守灵会有真正的尸体。
A dead one of us. 亡者是我们的一员。
Now they don't say much, but you sure can learn a lot in their company. 亡者现在不会说什么了, 但你绝对可以 从他们的陪伴中学到很多。
Every human being who you have ever touched before, in love or anger, is a warm-blooded mammal . 你曾经接触过的每一个人, 不论是爱他们或气他们, 都是温血哺乳类。[07:33]
County:n.郡,县; warm-blooded:adj.(动物)温血的;热血的;恒温的;热情的;易兴奋的; mammal:n.哺乳动物;
But the dead are so cold they could be carved from marble . 但亡者好冰冷, 好像从大理石雕刻出来的。
Later in life, when I took my own dead brother Bernard in my arms, and kissed and embraced him, 后来, 当我把我过世的手足伯纳 抱在怀中, 亲吻他、拥抱他,
I could not at first believe that this stone-cold mannequin had ever been human. 一开始,我无法相信 这个和石头一样冰冷的 人体模型曾经是个真人。
carved:v.雕刻;刻;把(熟肉)切成块;(carve的过去分词和过去式) marble:n.大理石;大理石制品;弹珠;adj.大理石的;冷酷无情的; stone-cold:adj.冰冷如石的;冷透的; mannequin:n.人体模型;服装模特儿;
And here's another existential epiphany . 还有另一个关于存在的醒悟。
As you are sitting here listening to me, your heart is pumping blood. 各位坐在这里听我说话的时候, 心脏一直在将血液打出。
But when you cut that pump, the pressure disappears , the blood flows to the lower limbs , your cheeks sag, your face turns gray, your bloodless fingers a yellow ivory. 但当你切断那幫浦, 压力消失了, 血液会流向低处的肢体, 脸颊会下陷, 面孔会转为灰色, 没有血的手指会像黄色象牙一样。
epiphany:对事物真谛的顿悟; pumping:v.用泵输送;涌出;奔流;快速摇动;(pump的现在分词) disappears:v.消失;不见;消亡;失踪;丢失;(disappear的第三人称单数) limbs:n.[解剖]四肢(limb的复数); bloodless:adj.不流血的;无血色的;没有精神的;
And the great animating kern of personality , like the ignition on your car, is just gone. 原本活灵活现的那些迷人人格, 如同汽车的点火器,就这么不见了。
So what happens then, yeah? 那接着呢？
What we shouldn't do and what our ancestors didn't do, is then say something stupid. 我们不该做的事, 也是我们的祖先没有去做的事, 就是说蠢话。
Like, "That's just a shell , forget about it," you know? 比如「那只是躯壳,别再想了。」
animating:adj.活泼的;v.使具活力;把…制作成动画片;(animate的现在分词) kern:vi.使铅字上下突出;将…做平;n.仁,核;颗粒;(铅字面之)上下的突出部分; personality:n.性格;个性;人格;魅力;气质;名人;特色; ignition:n.点火,点燃;着火,燃烧;点火开关,点火装置; shell:n.壳;炮弹;壳层;骨架;v.脱壳;剥壳;采集贝壳;用壳体包被;short.shewill;
The being that you loved in life never existed outside that body and if you loved that person in life, how should you not revere and respect their body in death? 活着时曾经被你爱着的那个人, 从来没有存在于那具躯体之外, 如果那个人活着的时候你爱他, 在他死时为什么不该 崇敬且尊重他的身体？
The Romans, the Kelts, the Greeks revered their dead. 罗马人、凯尔特人、希腊人 都会尊重他们的亡者。
Like a newborn child, the dead were never to be left alone, and always had someone to watch over them until they were laid to rest. 就如同新生儿,我们 也不该丢下亡者一个人, 时时刻刻都要有人顾着他们, 直到他们能安息。
revere:vt.敬畏;尊敬;崇敬; revered:v.崇敬,尊崇,敬畏(revere的过去式和过去分词); newborn:adj.新生的;再生的;n.婴儿;
Sad was good too. 悲伤也是好的。
There was no shame in sorrow at the gates of Troy. 在特洛伊城门,悲伤并不可耻。
Even man-slaying Achilles wept until his breastplate was wet with tears, and women cried and grieved openly at funerals . 连杀人不贬眼的阿基里斯也会哭泣, 哭到眼泪都湿了他的护胸甲, 在葬礼上,女性会公开哭泣和哀悼。
The bodies of the dead were of worth. 亡者的身体是有价值的。
Together, our ancestors enacted a whole raft of rituals to bind up the wound of mortality, comfort the afflicted , bury their dead and get on with the rest of their lives. 我们的祖先一起制订了一大堆仪式, 用来包扎生者的伤口, 安慰痛苦的人, 埋葬他们的亡者, 让他们在接下来的人生继续走下去。
wept:v.哭泣(weep的过去式); breastplate:n.护胸甲;胸革带;腹甲; grieved:adj.伤心的;v.悲伤(grieve的过去式); funerals:n.葬礼;丧礼;出殡;(funeral的复数) enacted:n.制定,颁布; raft:n.筏;救生艇;(美)大量;vt.筏运;制成筏;vi.乘筏; bind:v.结合;装订;有约束力;过紧;n.捆绑;困境;讨厌的事情;植物的藤蔓; wound:n.创伤,伤口;v.使受伤;受伤,伤害; afflicted:v.折磨;使痛苦;(afflict的过去式和过去分词) bury:v.埋葬;隐藏; get on with:v.在…获得成功,于…友好相处;继续干;
They gave of themselves freely. 他们从悲伤中解放出自己。
And they had a great time too, feasting , drinking, and having sex at funerals. 他们也渡过很美好的时光, 吃大餐、饮酒、在葬礼上做爱。
Death -- and here is a really big idea -- was and is an every-other-day sort of event. 死亡——这是个很大的想法—— 曾经是也仍然是每两天 发生一次的那种事件。
Just as it is in Ireland today, where people still go in great numbers to wakes and funerals, and an ordinary person might see dozens, maybe hundreds of dead bodies in the course of their lifetime. 现今在爱尔兰仍然是如此, 那里的人仍然会去 参加很多守灵和葬礼, 一个普通人在一生当中 可能会见到数十甚至数百具尸体。
feasting:v.尽情享用(美味佳肴);(feast的现在分词) Just as it is:恰好如此;照原样; in the course of:在…过程中;在…期间;
Now funerals can be sad. 葬礼也可以很悲伤。
But there is nothing abstract or sentimental about an Irish wake. 但爱尔兰守灵完全不会 抽象难懂也不多愁善感。
The old woman in the box, that red-haired child wrapped up in a shroud is another dead human. 棺材中的老女人, 用寿衣包裏的红发孩子 是另一个亡者。
Another one of us. 另一位我们的成员。
Wrapped up, though, in these corpse encountering rituals are a lot of profound protocols . 不过,在这些有尸体的仪式中还有着 许多深奥的礼仪规定。
abstract:n.摘要; adj.抽象的; vt.摘要; vi.做摘要; sentimental:adj.伤感的;多愁善感的;感情用事的;寓有情感的; red-haired:adj.红发的; wrapped:adj.极高兴的;十分满意的;v.用…包裹;用…缠绕;(wrap的过去分词和过去式) shroud:n.寿衣;覆盖物;船的横桅索;[电]护罩;vt.覆盖;包以尸衣; encountering:v.遭遇,遇到;偶然碰到;意外地遇见;(encounter的现在分词) profound:adj.深厚的;意义深远的;渊博的; protocols:n.协议; v.拟定议定书;
You see, at that wake -- 要知道,在守灵时——
You know, this is what death looks like. 死亡看起来就是这个样子。
This is what death is. 这就是死亡。
You can reach into the coffin and touch. 你可以把手伸进棺材中去触摸。
And those protocols allow you to do things. 那些礼仪规定容许你做某些事。
So for instance , there is a licensing of grief. 比如, 有哀悼的许可。
Being angry, tearful , grieving, crying. 可以生气、含泪、悲恸、哭泣。
A recognition of irrevocable change in the very public deadness of the deceased . 在亡者的死亡公开当中 承认已经发生了不可挽回的改变,[11:31]
coffin:n.棺材;断送; instance:n.实例;情况;建议;v.举...为例; licensing:v.批准;许可;(license的现在分词) tearful:adj.含泪的;令人伤心的; recognition:n.识别;认识;承认;认可; irrevocable:adj.不可改变的;不能取消的;不能挽回的; deadness:n.死;死的状态;无生气;(酒等的)走味; deceased:adj.死去了的;已死的;n.死者;
A communal acknowledgment of bereavement and loss. 大家一起承认丧失 亲友的痛苦和损失。
An unflinching mortal solidarity . 坚定的人类团结。
A we-death, not a me-death. 是「我们」的死亡, 不是「我」的死亡。
Sharing the company of the dead at wakes and funerals was our foremothers' mortality driving lessons. 在守灵和葬礼上分享亡者的陪伴, 是我们女祖先的驾驶训练课, 只是谈的是生死。
communal:adj.公共的;公社的; acknowledgment:n.感谢;承认;承认书; bereavement:n.丧友,丧亲;丧失; unflinching:adj.不畏缩的;不退缩的; solidarity:n.团结,团结一致;
They're "how to live and die" manual , with a list of embedded instructions, like, how being mortal is the one thing in life that you will never get to choose. 这些驾驶课是「如何活、 如何死」的说明书, 内有指示清单,包括 如何死亡是你在此生中 永远无法做的选择。
How thinking that you're immortal is a foolish idea. 觉得你永远不会死, 是如何愚蠢的想法。
How the pleasures of sorrow, open public grief can heal up a wounded soul. 悲伤的抚慰和公开的哀悼
And how together we can conquer our fear of death. 我们一起面对死亡 如何能征服对死亡的恐惧。
manual:n.说明书;指南;使用手册;adj.用手的;手工的;体力的;手动的; embedded:adj.嵌入式的;植入的;内含的;v.嵌入(embed的过去式和过去分词形式); immortal:adj.不朽的;神仙的;长生的;n.神仙;不朽人物; heal:v.复原;治疗(病人);使又愉快起来;(使)结束 wounded:adj.受伤的; n.伤员; v.使受伤; (wound的过去分词和过去式)
Sounds good, eh? 听起来很棒,对吧？（观众私语）
(Audience murmurs)
But I wonder is anyone thinking it will never work in today's America. 但我在纳闷,可能有人会心想, 这在现今的美国绝对行不通。
I don't know who my next door neighbors are, families are scattered , there's no communities left to do these wake things with. 我不知道我的隔壁邻居是谁, 家人散居各地, 根本没有剩下什么 可以一起守灵的团体族群。
But again, you would be dead wrong. 但,同样的, 你又大错特错了 （字面译:死的错）。
We all have the power as individuals to reenact the wisdom of our ancestors. 我们每一个人都有力量 可以重建我们祖先的智慧。
Confronted in our mortality, we often feel powerless, death-struck. 面对迟早必来的死亡, 我们通常有着无力感, 被死亡吓坏。
scattered:adj.零散的; v.撒; (scatter的过去分词和过去式) communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数); reenact:vt.重新制定;再扮演;再制定; Confronted:v.使…无法回避;降临于;处理;面对;对抗;(confront的过去分词和过去式)
But all you need to do is rediscover yourself. 但,你需要做的就只有 重新认识你自己。
Be a bit more Irish, if you like. 如果你愿意的话,试着爱尔兰一点。
(Laughter) （笑声）
Maybe you just never recognized yourself as part of the same mortal community. 也许你只是从来不肯承认 你也属于血肉之躯的一员。
But it is easy to reconnect if you want to try. 但若你肯试,很容易可以重新连结。
Not because you're being altruistic , but for purely selfish reasons. 并不是因为你很无私, 而是出于纯自私的理由。
Free dying lessons. 免费的死亡课。
Who else did you expect would teach you how to die apart from another dying human? 除将死的人之外, 你以为还有谁会教你怎么死？[13:35]
recognized:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;(recognize的过去分词和过去式) reconnect:v.使再接合; altruistic:adj.利他的;无私心的; purely:adv.完全;仅仅;
All you have to do is overcome your fear, using the tools that you already have in your hands. 你要做的就只有克服你的恐惧, 用你手中已经拥有的工具。
Like your phones. 比如你的手机。
So on the day that you hear that someone has lost someone they love, you don't wait but you reach out then with that phone and call them up and say, "I'm sorry for your loss." 在你听到某人失去了某人的那一天, 别等, 伸手拿起你的手机, 打电话给那个人,说: 「对你的损失,我深表遗憾。」
Or go visit the sick and dying and try to be there for the moment of death, for the witness and the wonder. 或者去拜访生病将死的人, 试着在死亡的时刻也能在场, 为了见证,也为了理解。
Nothing else that you will ever do in life will be more profound or more life-affirming. 你在人生中做的任何事, 都不会比这件事更深刻, 更让你对生命充满希望。
Or go to more funerals. 或者,多参加葬礼。
Even if you think you don't know the dead person that well. 即使你觉得自己和亡者并不熟。
witness:n.证人;目击者;证据;v.目击;证明;为…作证;
I can assure you, as long as you are breathing, you know them well enough. 我可以向你保证,只要你还在呼吸, 你和他们就算够熟了。
Give of yourself freely. 自在地解放出自己。
Because even by these small steps, you will be recognizing yourself as part of the great mortal us. 因为,即使只是照着这些小步骤做, 你也会了解到,你和我们 所有人都一样会死。
Just as human, just as vulnerable as all the lives around you. 你也是人, 你也很脆弱, 就和你周遭的所有人一样。
assure:vt.保证;担保;使确信;弄清楚; recognizing:v.认识;认出;承认;接受,赞成(recognize的现在分词) vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的;
Death matters because life matters, and the two are indivisible . 死亡很重要,因为生命很重要, 这两者是不可分的。
Don't worry if you feel awkward at first. 如果一开始你觉得尴尬,别担心。
Practice, practice, practice, until it's just like getting in that car and going and you don't even think about it. 练习,练习,练习, 直到就像坐上车就开走, 自然到不用思考。
Though your own death will take you a whole lifetime to get right. 不过,你要花上你一生的时间,
indivisible:adj.不能分割的;[数]除不尽的;n.不可分割之事物;极微小物; awkward:adj.尴尬的;笨拙的;棘手的;不合适的;
So after I gave up on going to foreign wars, and the maturity of youth, 所以,在我放弃去国外打仗 且变更成熟之后,
I turned a bardic poet. 我转职为吟游诗人。
And I wrote this praise song in honor of my island mothers, who for thousands of years never faltered to cradle the dead to rest. 我写了这首赞颂之歌, 向我的岛屿母亲们致敬, 数千年来,她们从不畏缩地 安抚亡者长眠。
maturity:n.成熟;到期;完备; faltered:vi.支吾;蹒跚地走;vt.支吾地说;结巴地讲出;n.踌躇;支吾;颤抖; cradle:n.摇篮;发源地;发祥地;支船架;vt.抚育;把...搁在支架上;把...放在摇篮内;
It's called "If I could sing." 作品的名称叫「如果我能唱歌」。
If I could sing, 如果我能唱歌,
I would not sing of the fallen city of Ilias and glories gone or Hector's blood dried and stained in sand. 我不会唱出伊利亚德的陨落城市 及消逝的榮耀, 或沙地上已经干涸的赫克托尔之血。
No. 不。
I would sing of an island, far out to the west, rising sea-plucked, spray-lashed, a citadel of stone, walled deep in the blue ocean. 我会唱出这个岛屿, 位在遥远的西边, 竖立海中,浪花不断击打, 石头做的堡垒, 在蓝海中用高墙深深围住。
Another Troy, an Irish Troy. 另一个特洛伊,爱尔兰特洛伊。
stained:adj.玷污的;着色的v.玷污;败坏;给…染色(stain的过去式和过去分词); citadel:n.城堡;大本营;避难处;
Closer to the sinking sun. 更接近落日。
Unconquered . 未被征服。
If you could hear this song, you, too, would listen in rapture keening women, crying out, grieving, heart-struck in eternal chorus at the wake, where the last best hope of humanity beats on. 如果你能听见这首歌, 你也会欢天喜地般地 恸哭的女人,哭喊出来, 哀悼,痛心, 在守灵的永恒合唱中, 在那里,人类最后的 最佳希望继续燃烧着。
Unconquered:adj.未被征服的;未克服的; rapture:n.兴高采烈;vt.使…狂喜; keening:n.哭丧;哀恸;v.恸哭(keen的ing形式); eternal:adj.永恒的;不朽的; chorus:n.合唱队;齐声;歌舞队;v.合唱;异口同声地说;
That mortal being incarnate in flesh shall not live, love or die alone. 具有血肉之躯的人, 不该独自生活、爱人、死去。
And if I could sing, if we could sing together, my brothers and sisters, surely then we should never stop the singing of this song. 如果我能唱歌, 如果我们能一起唱歌, 我的兄弟姐妹, 当然,
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）
incarnate:adj.化身的;人体化的;肉色的;vt.体现;使…具体化;使实体化; flesh:n.肉;肉体;v.喂肉给…;发胖;