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KellerRinaudo_2017G-_我们如何用无人机来递送血液并拯救生命_
Most people think that new technology or advanced technology can never start in Africa. 大部份人认为, 新科技或先进科技 永远不可能在非洲开始。
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; advanced:adj.先进的; v.前进; (advance的过去式和过去分词形式)
Instead, they think that the best way to help the continent advance is by providing aid or services that the continent can't provide for itself. 反之,他们认为要让 这块大陆进步的最佳方式, 是提供非洲无法为自己 提供的援助或服务。
continent:n.大陆,洲,陆地;adj.自制的,克制的; provide for:供养,供给;规定;为…作准备;
So while we see advanced technology like robotics and artificial intelligence growing exponentially in the developed world, those same people are worried that a technologically backward Africa is falling behind. 所以当我们看到先进科技, 像是机器人学 及人工智慧, 在已开发国家中成指数成长, 同样那些人也在担心 科技落后的非洲被远抛在后。
robotics:n.机器人学; artificial intelligence:n.人工智能; exponentially:adv.以指数方式; technologically:adv.科技地;技术上地; backward:adj.向后的;反向的;发展迟缓的;adv.向后地;相反地;
That attitude couldn't be more wrong. 那样的态度真是错到极致。
attitude:n.态度;看法;意见;姿势;
I'm a robotics entrepreneur who's spent a lot of time here in Africa. 我是位机器人创業家, 我很多时间都花在非洲这里。
entrepreneur:n.企业家;承包人;主办者;
And in 2014 we created Zipline, which is a company that uses electric autonomous aircraft to deliver medicine to hospitals and health centers on demand . 在 2014 年,我们创立了 Zipline, 它是一间公司,用电力自动飞机 按需求把药品送到医院和健康中心。
electric:n.供电;adj.电的;用电的;电动的;发电的; autonomous:adj.自治的;自主的;自发的; aircraft:n.飞机,航空器; on demand:请求即;按需;随选;随需应变;
Last year, we launched the world's first automated delivery system operating at national scale . 去年,我们推出了世界 第一个自动化递送系统, 以全国性的规模在运作。
launched:v.发射;发起;开展;开始;(launch的过去式和过去分词) automated:adj.自动化的;v.(使)自动化;(automate的过去式和过去分词) delivery:n.[贸易]交付;分娩;递送; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢;
And guess what? 猜猜怎样？
We did not do that in the US, we didn't do it in Japan, and we didn't do it in Europe. 我们没有在美国那样做, 我们没有在日本那样做, 我们没有在欧洲那样做。
It was actually President Paul Kagame and the Rwandan Ministry of Health that made a big bet on the potential of this technology and signed a commercial contract to deliver a majority of the country's blood on demand. 其实是保罗卡加梅总统 和卢安达健康部长 下了很大的赌注 在这项科技的潜力上, 签订了商業合约, 按需求来为该国做 大部份的血液递送。
Ministry:n.(政府的)部门; bet:n.打赌;赌注;预计;估计;v.下赌注(于);用…打赌;敢说;八成儿; potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的; commercial:adj.贸易的;商业的;赢利的;以获利为目的的;n.(电台或电视播放的)广告; contract:v.收缩;感染;订约;n.合同;婚约; majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人:
(Applause) （掌声）
Yeah, they deserve the applause . 是的,掌声是他们应得的。
deserve:vi.应受,应得; applause:n.欢呼,喝采;鼓掌欢迎;
So why is blood important? 为什么血液很重要？
Rwanda collects between 60- and 80,000 units of blood a year. 卢安达每年收集的血液有 60,000~80,000 单位。
So this is a product that when you need it, you really, really need it. 这种产品是当你需要它时, 你就是真的非常需要它。
But blood is also challenging, because it has a very short shelf life , there are lots of different storage requirements, and it's really hard to predict the demand for all of these different blood groups before a patient actually needs something. 但血液也很有挑战性, 因为它的保存期限很短, 贮藏上又有很多不同的要求, 且在病人真正需要之前, 非常难预测各种 不同血液的需求。
shelf life:n.最佳食用日期; predict:v.预报;预言;预告; patient:adj.有耐心的,能容忍的;n.病人;患者;
But the cool thing is that using this technology, 但很酷的是使用这项科技,
Rwanda has been able to keep more blood centralized and then provide it when a patient needs something to any hospital or health center in an average of just 20 or 30 minutes. 卢安达就能让更多血液集中起来, 然后在病人有需时提供给 任何医院或健康中心, 平均只要花 20 或 30 分钟。
centralized:adj.集中的;中央集权的;v.集中(centralize的过去分词);
Do you guys want to see how it works? 你们想要看它怎么运作的吗？
(Audience) Yes. （观众）要。
All right. Nobody believes me, so ... better to show. 好,没人相信我。 所以,还是让大家看看吧。
This is our distribution center, which is about 20 kilometers outside of Kigali. 这是我们的分配中心, 它位在吉佳利外大约 20 公里处。
distribution:n.分布;分配;分发;分销;
This actually used to be a cornfield nine months ago, and with the Rwandan government, we leveled it and built this center in a couple weeks. 九个月前它还是片玉米田, 我们配合卢安达政府, 用两个星期铲平它,建立了这个中心。
cornfield:n.麦田;玉米田;稻田; leveled:n.水平; adj.水平的; vi.瞄准; vt.使同等;
So when a patient is having an emergency , a doctor or a nurse at that hospital can send us a WhatsApp , telling us what they need. 当病人有紧急状况时, 该医院的医生或护士会用 WhatsApp 发讯息给我们, 告诉我们他们需要什么。
emergency:n.紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻;adj.紧急的;备用的; WhatsApp:智能手机;联络电话;
And then our team will immediately spring into action. 我们的团队就会马上动起来。
We pull the blood from our stock , which is delivered from the National Center for Blood Transfusion; we scan the blood into our system so the Ministry of Health knows where the blood is going; and then we'll basically pack it into a Zip, 我们从庫存取出血液, 它们是国家输血中心送过来的; 我们把血液扫瞄到我们的系统中, 这样健康部就会知道血液的去向; 接着我们会把它们打包放入 Zip,
stock:n.股票; v.库存; adj.老一套的; basically:adv.主要地,基本上;
which is what we call these little autonomous airplanes that run on batteries . Zip 是我们对小型自动飞机的称呼, 它们的动力是电池。
airplanes:n.(美)[航]飞机(airplane的复数); batteries:n.电池;炮组;炮列;[法]殴打;(batteries是battery的复数)
And then once that Zip is ready to go, we accelerate it from zero to 100 kilometers an hour in about half of a second. 当 Zip 准备好出发时, 我们在大约半秒内就把它 从每小时 0 公里 加速到 100 公里。
accelerate:v.加快;加速;n.接受速成教育的学生;
(Audience) Whoa! （观众）哇！
And from the moment it leaves the end of the launcher , it's completely autonomous. 从它离开发射器的那一刻, 它就是全自动的了。
launcher:n.发射器;发射台;发射者;
(Video: Air traffic controller directs traffic) （影片:空中交通管制员指挥交通）
Air traffic controller:n.空中交通管制员;航空调度员;
This is our air traffic controller calling it in to Kigali International Airport . 这位是我们的空中交通管制员通报 吉佳利国际机场。
Airport:n.机场;航空港;
And when the Zip arrives at the hospital, it descends to about 30 feet and drops the package. 当这台 Zip 到达医院, 它会下降约 30 英呎,丢下包裏。
descends:下降;
We use a really simple paper parachute -- simple things are best -- that allows the package to come to the ground gently and reliably in the same place every time. 我们用非常简单的纸降落伞 ──简单的是最好的── 包裏就能每次都和缓地、可靠地 在同一处落地。
parachute:n.降落伞;vi.跳伞;空投; gently:adv.轻轻地;温柔地;温和地; reliably:adv.可靠地;确实地;
So it's just like ride sharing; the doctors get a text message one minute before we arrive, saying, "Walk outside and receive your delivery." 这就像是共乘; 在我们到达的前一分钟, 医生会收到讯息,写着: 「走出去接收你的快递。」
text message:n.文本信息;短信息;
(Laughter) （笑声）
And then -- 接着──
(Applause) （掌声）
and then the doctors have what they need to save a patient's life. 接着医生就有拯救病人性命 所需要的东西了。
This is actually watching a delivery happen from our distribution center; this vehicle is about 50 kilometers away. 这其实就是从我们的分配中心 监看着某次快递的进行; 这架飞机大约在 50 公里外。
vehicle:n.[车辆]车辆;工具;交通工具;运载工具;传播媒介;媒介物;
We're able to watch the vehicle as it makes a delivery at a hospital in real time . 我们能够看着飞机在医院完成投递 的即时影像。
real time:adj.实时的;接到指示立即执行的;
You may have noticed there are pings that are coming off of that vehicle on the screen. 你们可能有注意到, 萤幕上的飞机发送讯号（pings）,
pings:n.子弹飞过空中的声音;[电子]声脉冲;vi.发出撞击声;砰地发声;
Those pings are actually data packets that we're getting over the cell phone networks. 其实是资料封包的讯号, 我们用手机网路取得的那种。
So these planes have SIM cards just like your cell phone does, and they're communicating over the cell network to tell us where they are and how they're doing at all times. 这些飞机有 SIM 卡, 和你们的手机一样, 它们透过手机网路来沟通, 随时告诉我们它们的所在以及状况。
Believe it or not, we actually buy family plans -- 信不信,我们办了家庭优惠方案── （注:手机一人多门号的方案）
(Laughter) （笑声）
for this fleet of vehicles , because that's how we get the best rates. 为这支机队办的, 因为这样费率会最理想。
fleet:n.舰队; v.浅; v.掠过; adj.跑得快的; vehicles:n.车辆;飞行器;运行工具;(vehicles是vehicle的复数)
(Laughter) （笑声）
It's actually not a joke. 这并不是个笑话。
(Laughter) （笑声）
So today, we're delivering about 20 percent of the national blood supply of Rwanda outside of Kigali. 在吉佳利以外,现今大约有 20% 卢安达国家血液供应递送 由我们做的。
We serve about 12 hospitals, and we're adding hospitals to that network at an accelerating rate. 我们服务约 12 间医院, 且以越来越快的速度 将更多的医院加到我们的网络。
accelerating:adj.促进的,[物]加速的;催化的;
All of those hospitals only receive blood in this way, and most of those hospitals actually place multiple orders every day. 所有那些医院都只用 这种方式来接收血液, 且大部份这些医院 每天都会下多张订单。
multiple:adj.数量多的;多种多样的;n.倍数;
So the reason -- in all of health care logistics , you're always trading off waste against access. 之所以── 在所有的健康照护物流中, 你总是在浪费和取得之间做权衡。
health care:n.卫生保健; logistics:n.[军]后勤;后勤学;物流;
So if you want to solve waste, you keep everything centralized. 如果你想解决浪费问题, 你就得让所有东西集中。
As a result , when patients are having emergencies , sometimes they don't have the medical product they need. 结果就是,当病人有紧急情况时, 有时他们没有 他们所需要的医疗产品。
As a result:结果; patients:n.接受治疗者,病人;(patient的复数) emergencies:n.突发事件;紧急情况;(emergency的复数)
If you want to solve access, you stock a lot of medicine at the last mile, at hospitals or health centers, and then patients have the medicine they need. 如果你想解决取得问题, 就在最后一哩路的健康中心 或医院囤积很多药品, 那么病人就有他们需要的药品。
But you end up throwing a lot of medicine out, which is very expensive. 非常浪费。 很了不起的是
What's so amazing is that the Rwandan government has been able to break this cycle permanently . 卢安达政府能够永久打破这个循环。
permanently:adv.永久地,长期不变地;
Because doctors can get what they need instantly, they actually stock less blood at the hospitals. 因为医生可以马上取得 他们需要的东西, 他们在医院贮藏的血液就少了。
So although use of blood products has increased substantially at all the hospitals we serve, in the last nine months, zero units of blood have expired at any of these hospitals. 所以,虽然我们服务的所有医院 对于血液产品的用量都持续增加, 过去九个月,在这些医院中 没有任何一单位的血液过期。
substantially:adv.实质上;大体上;充分地; expired:adj.过期的;v.失效,期满,去世(expire的过去分词和过去式)
(Applause) （掌声）
That's an amazing result. 那是非常了不起的结果。
That's actually not been achieved by any other health care system on the planet, and it happened here. 地球上的任何其他健康照护系统 都还无法做到, 但在这里却成真了。
But obviously, when we're talking about delivering medical products instantly, the most important thing is patients. 但显然地,当我们谈到 立即递送医疗产品, 最重要的就是病人了。
Let me give you an example. 让我给各位一个例子。
A couple months ago, a 24-year-old mother came into one of the hospitals that we serve, and she gave birth via C-section . 一位 24 岁的母亲几个月前 到我们所服务的 其中一家医院, 她剖腹产生下了孩子。
via:prep.通过;经由;n.道路;[医]管道; C-section:n.剖腹产;
But that led to complications, and she started to bleed . 但造成了併发症,她开始流血。
bleed:v.流血;失血;放掉;散开;n.[印]出血版
Luckily, the doctors had some blood of her blood type on hand that had been delivered via Zipline's routine service, and so they transfused her with a couple units of blood. 幸运的是,医生手上就有 和她同血型的血液, 那是之前透过 Zipline 例行递送所送来的, 所以他们为她输了几单位的血。
blood type:abbr.(=bloodgroup); transfused:vt.输血;灌输;注入;
But she bled out of those units in about 10 minutes. 但约十分钟,她的出血量 就高出输血量了。
bled:v.流血;失血;给(某人)放血;长期榨取(某人的钱);(bleed的过去分词和过去式)
In this case, that mother's life is in grave danger -- in any hospital in the world. 在这个案例中, 那位母亲的性命岌岌可危── 在世界上任何医院 都会是一样的情况。
grave:adj.重大的;严肃的;黯淡的;n.墓穴,坟墓;死亡;v.雕刻;铭记;
But luckily, the doctors who were taking care of her immediately called our distribution center, they placed an emergency order, and our team actually did emergency delivery after emergency delivery after emergency delivery. 但幸运的是,照顾她的医生 马上打给我们的分配中心, 下了一张紧急订单, 我们的团队做了一次又一次 又再一次的紧急递送。
They ended up sending seven units of red blood cells, four units of plasma and two units of platelets . 他们最后共递送了 7 单位的红血球细胞、 4 单位的血浆、 2 单位的血小板。
plasma:n.[等离子]等离子体;血浆;[矿物]深绿玉髓; platelets:n.[组织]血小板;片晶;红小板(platelet的复数);
That's more blood than you have in your entire body. 这已经比你整个身体中 所有血液还多了。
All of it was transfused into her, the doctors were able to stabilize her, and she is healthy today. 所有的血都输给了她, 医生得以把她稳定下来, 现在她很健康。
stabilize:vt.使稳固,使安定;vi.稳定,安定;
(Applause) （掌声）
Since we launched, we've done about 400 emergency deliveries like that, and there's a story like that one behind most of those emergencies. 从我们开张之后,我们已经做了 约 400 次像那样的紧急递送, 几乎每个紧急事件, 背后都有一个像那样的故事。
deliveries:n.[贸易]交货(delivery的复数);已交付;
Here are just a couple of the moms who have received transfusions in this way in the last couple months. 这里是几位母亲, 在过去几个月, 她们都用这种方式接受输血。
transfusions:n.倾注;灌输(transfusion的复数);
We're always reminded : when we can help a doctor save a mom's life, it's not just her life that you're saving. 我们总会想起:当我们能协助 一名医生拯救一名母亲的性命, 拯救的并不只是她的性命。
reminded:v.提醒;使想起;(remind的过去分词和过去式)
That's also a baby boy or a baby girl who has a mother while they're growing up. 也救了那位男宝宝或女宝宝, 他们在成长的过程将会有母亲陪伴。
(Applause) （掌声）
But I want to be clear: postpartum hemorrhaging -- it's not a Rwanda problem, it's not a developing-world problem -- this is a global problem. 但我想要说清楚: 产后出血── 那不是只有卢安达才会有的问题, 那不是开发中世界才会有的问题── 它是个全球性问题。
postpartum:adj.产后的;adv.在产后; hemorrhaging:n.出血,溢血;v.大出血;损失;(hemorrhage的现在分词) global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
Maternal health is a challenge everywhere. 无论何处,母亲健康都是个挑战。
Maternal:adj.母亲的;母性的;母系的;母体遗传的;
The main difference is that Rwanda was the first country to use radical technology to do something about it. 差别在于,卢安达是第一个 用极端科技来采取行动的国家。
radical:n.自由基;激进分子;游离基;adj.根本的;彻底的;完全的;全新的;
And that's the reason this attitude of Africa being disrupted or advanced technology not working here or needing aid is so totally wrong. 所以,认为非洲被顛覆、 或是认为非洲需要援助的态度, 是大错特错。
disrupted:破坏;使瓦解;使分裂;使中断;使陷于混乱(disrupt的过去分词形式);
Africa can be the disrupter . 非洲可以扮演顛覆者。
disrupter:n.破坏者;分裂者;
These small, agile , developing economies can out-innovate large, rich ones. 这些开发中、机灵的小型经济体, 可在创新上胜过富有的大型经济体。
agile:adj.敏捷的;机敏的;活泼的; economies:n.经济;经济结构;节约;(economy的复数)
And they can totally leapfrog over the absence of legacy infrastructure to go straight to newer and better systems. 它们完全可以跳过没有 前人留下基础建设的状况, 直接使用更新更好的系统。
leapfrog:n.跳背游戏;跳蛙游戏;交互跃进;vi.跳背;跳蛙;交替前进;vt.跃过; absence:n.没有;缺乏;缺席;不注意; legacy:n.遗赠,遗产; infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造;
In 2000, if you had said that high-quality cellular networks were about to roll out across all of Africa, people would have told you that you were crazy. 在 2000 年, 如果你说高品质手机网路将要袭卷 整个非洲, 别人会告诉你,你疯了。
high-quality:adj.高质量的; cellular:adj.细胞的;多孔的;由细胞组成的;n.移动电话;单元; were about to:眼看就要;即将;正要;行将;
And yet, no one anticipated how fast those networks were going to connect and empower people. 然而,没有人预期到 那些网路能那么快 连结人们、赋予人们能力。
anticipated:adj.预期的; v.预期; (anticipate的过去式和过去分词) empower:vt.授权,允许;使能够;
Today, 44 percent of the GDP of Kenya flows through M-Pesa, their mobile payment platform . 现今,肯亚的 GDP 有 44% 都透过 M-Pesa, 他们的行动支付平台。
mobile:n.手机;汽车;移动电话;adj.活跃的;可动的; payment:n.付款;支付;收款;款项;报答; platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处;
And not only that , but our autonomous fleet of vehicles relies on that cellular network. 不只如此, 我们的自动机队 也要靠手机网路运作。
only that:只是;要不是; relies:信任;
Over the next few years as we start serving private health care facilities , we'll also use that mobile payment platform to collect fees for deliveries. 接下来的几年,我们会开始 服务私人健康照护机构, 我们也会使用那行动支付平台, 来收取递送运费。
facilities:n.设施;设备;特别装置;特色;场所;(facility的复数)
So innovation leads to more innovation leads to more innovation. 创新造成更多创新, 再造成更多创新。
innovation:n.创新,革新;新方法;
And meanwhile , most people who live in developed economies think that drone delivery is technologically impossible, let alone happening at national scale in East Africa. 同时, 住在已开发经济体中的大部份人 认为无人机递送 在技术上是不可行的, 更不可能会发生在东非, 且规模还广至全国。
meanwhile:adv.同时,其间;n.其间,其时; drone:n.嗡嗡声;持续低音;寄生虫;无人驾驶飞机;v.懒洋洋地说;嗡嗡响 let alone:更不必说;听任;不打扰;
And I do mean East Africa, not just Rwanda. 我确实是指东非,不只卢安达。
On Thursday, just a couple days ago, the Tanzanian Ministry of Health announced that they are going to use this same technology to provide instant delivery of a wide range of medical products to 10 million of the hardest to reach people in the country. 星期四,几天之前, 坦桑尼亚的健康部宣布 他们将会用同样的科技, 针对多种医疗产品做立即的递送, 对象是全国最难接触到的一千万人。
instant:n.瞬间; adj.立即的; conj.同"assoonas";
(Applause) （掌声）
It's actually going to be the largest autonomous system anywhere in the world. 这将会是世界上最大型的自动系统。
To give you a sense of what this looks like, this is one of the first distribution centers. 让各位概略了解一下这个系统, 这是最早的分配中心之一。
You can see a 75-kilometer service radius around the distribution center, and that allows us to serve hundreds of health facilities and hospitals, all of which are rural , from that single distribution center. 这是 75 公里的服务半径, 以分配中心为圆心, 这让我们能够从单一个 分配中心来提供服务 给数百间位在郊区的 健康机构和医院。
radius:n.半径,半径范围;[解剖]桡骨;辐射光线;有效航程; rural:adj.农村的,乡下的;田园的,有乡村风味的;
But to serve over 20 percent of the population of Tanzania, we're going to need multiple distribution centers. 但若要服务坦尚尼亚 20% 以上的人口, 我们会需要多间分配中心。
We'll actually need four. 其实我们需要四间。
And from these distribution centers, we expect to be doing several hundred lifesaving deliveries every day, and this system will ultimately serve over 1,000 health facilities and hospitals in the country. 从这些分配中心, 我们预期每天会进行 数百趟救命的递送, 这个系统最终将能服务 该国超过 1,000 间 健康机构以及医院。
lifesaving:adj.救命的;救生用的;n.救生; ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究;
So yeah, East Africa is moving really fast. 所以,是的,东非进展地非常快。
One thing that people, I think, often miss is that these kinds of leaps generate compounding gains. 我认为,人们常会忽略一件事, 就是这种跃进会产生复合的收益。
leaps:n.跳跃,剧增,急变(leap的复数);v.跳跃;急速进步(leap的三单形式); generate:v.产生;引起; compounding:v.组合;混合(compound的ing形式);
For example, Rwanda, by investing in this infrastructure for health care, now has an aerial logistics network that they can use to catalyze other parts of their economy , like agriculture or e-commerce . 比如,卢安达投资了 这项健康照护的基础建设, 现在该国就有个物流网可以使用, 来催化该国经济的其他部份, 比如农業或电子商务。
investing:v.投资;投入(时间、精力等);(invest的现在分词) aerial:adj.从飞机上的;空中的;空气中的;地表以上的;n.天线; catalyze:vt.催化;刺激,促进; economy:n.经济;节约;理财; e-commerce:n.电子商务;
Even more importantly, 100 percent of the teams we hire at these distribution centers are local. 更重要的是, 我们在这些分配中心 所雇用的团队通通都是当地人。
So here's our Rwandan team, which is a group of extraordinary engineers and operators. 这是我们的卢安达团队, 由一群不凡的工程师和操作员组成。
extraordinary:adj.非凡的;特别的;离奇的;临时的;特派的;
They run the world's only automated delivery system operating at national scale. 他们在经营世界上 唯一的自动化递送系统, 且以国家规模在营运。
They have been able to master something that the largest technology companies in the world have not yet been able to figure out. 他们所能精通的东西, 是世界上最大的科技公司 都还没办法想出来的。
So they are total heroes. 所以他们绝对是英雄。
(Applause) （掌声）
They're total heroes. 他们绝对是英雄。
Our team's mission is to deliver basic access to medicine to all seven billion people on the planet, no matter how hard it is to reach them. 我们团队的使命,是要让 地球上所有七十亿人口 都能有基本的药品取得方式, 不管接触到他们是有多么地困难。
mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教;
We often tell people about that mission, and they say, "That's so generous of you, it's so philanthropic ." 我们常告诉别人这个使命, 他们说:「你们好大方,好博爱。」
generous:adj.慷慨的,大方的;宽宏大量的;有雅量的; philanthropic:adj.博爱的;仁慈的;
No! 不！
Philanthropy has nothing to do with it. 这和博爱无关。
Philanthropy:n.博爱,慈善;慈善事业;
Because of the commercial contracts that we sign with ministries of health, these networks are 100 percent sustainable and scalable . 因为我们和健康部所签订的商業合约, 这些网路是 100% 永续且可扩展的。
contracts:n.[经]合同; v.使收缩; ministries:n.事工部门(ministry的复数); sustainable:adj.可以忍受的;足可支撑的;养得起的;可持续的; scalable:adj.可攀登的;可去鳞的;可称量的;
And the reason we feel so strongly about correcting that misperception is that entrepreneurship is the only force in human history that has lifted millions of people out of poverty . 我们非常在意要修正 那种错误认知的原因, 是因为企業家精神是人类历史上唯一 能让数百万人脱离贫困的力量。
misperception:n.错误知觉; entrepreneurship:n.企业家精神; poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣;
(Applause) （掌声）
No amount of foreign aid is going to sustainably employ 250 million African youth. 不论多少的外援都无法永续地雇用 250 百万个非洲年轻人。
No amount of:即使再大(或再多)的…(也不); sustainably:adv.支撑得住;能保持住地; employ:vt.使用,采用;雇用;使忙于,使从事于;n.使用;雇用;
And the jobs that these kids may have gotten 10 years ago are largely being automated or are being changed dramatically by technology. 而这些孩子十年前可以找到的工作, 现在已经大多数 被自动化或科技给骤然改变了。
largely:adv.主要地;大部分;大量地; dramatically:adv.戏剧地;引人注目地;adv.显著地,剧烈地;
So they are looking for new skill sets, new competitive advantages . 所以他们在寻找新的技能知识, 新的竞争优势。
competitive:adj.竞争的;比赛的;求胜心切的; advantages:n.有利条件; v.有利于;
They're looking for start-ups . 他们在寻找新公司。
start-ups:起动;新兴公司(start-up的名词复数);
So why aren't there more start-ups that are tackling these global problems that are faced by billions of people in developing economies? 所以为什么没有更多新公司 来处理这些全球问题, 发展中经济体的数十亿人民 所面临的问题？
tackling:n.装备,用具;扭住;v.处理;抓住;(tackle的现在分词);
The reason is that investors and entrepreneurs are totally blind to the opportunity. 原因是,投资者和企業家完全看不见 这个机会。
We think these problems are the domain of NGOs or governments, not private companies. 我们认为这些问题是非政府组织 或政府要处理的领域, 而非私人企業的。
domain:n.领域;域名;产业;地产;
That's what we have to change. 那就是我们得改变的。
You may have noticed I left something out of the video that I showed you. 你们可能有注意到,我刚刚播的影片 少了什么东西。
I didn't show you how the planes land when they get back to the distribution center. 我没有让你们看到飞机 回到分配中心时如何降落。
So, it might be obvious to you: none of our planes have landing gear . 显而易见地,你可能发现: 我们的飞机都没有起落架。
obvious:adj.明显的;显著的;平淡无奇的; landing gear:na.[航]起落装置;
We also don't have runways where we operate. 我们营运的地方也没有跑道。
runways:n.[航]跑道(runway的复数);河床;
So we have to be able to decelerate the plane from about 100 kilometers an hour to zero in half of a second. 所以我们得要让飞机减速, 在半秒内从每小时 100 公里减到 0 公里。
decelerate:vi.减速,降低速度;vt.使减速;
And the way we do that is we actually use a wire that tracks that plane as it comes in, with centimeter-level accuracy . 而我们的做法是, 当飞机进来时, 我们用一条绳索绊住飞机, 精确度可以到只差几公分。
tracks:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪;(track的第三人称单数和复数) accuracy:n.[数]精确度,准确性;
We snag the plane out of the sky, and then we gently plop it onto an actively inflated cushion . 我们把飞机从天上勾下来, 然后我们轻轻让它 落在主动式充气垫上。
snag:n.障碍; vt.抓住机会; vi.被绊住; plop:n.扑通声; v.把…沉重地放下; v.扑通一声地; inflated:adj.通货膨胀的; v.膨胀(inflate的过去式和过去分词); cushion:n.靠垫; v.缓和冲击; (用垫子)使柔和;
This is basically a combination of an aircraft carrier and a bouncy castle. 基本上,这个想法结合了航空母舰 及弹跳堡的概念。
combination:n.结合;组合;联合;[化学]化合; aircraft carrier:航母; bouncy:adj.有弹性的;快活的;精神饱满的;自大的;
(Laughter) （笑声）
So let me show you. 让我放给各位看。
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) （掌声）
And it might be obvious to you why I wanted to end with this video. 你们应该看得出来我为什么 要用这段影片来做结尾。
I wanted to show you the kids and the teenagers who line up on the fence every day. 我想让你们看看,在栏杆外面, 每天都排满了孩子和青少年。
on the fence:保持中立;抱观望态度;
They cheer every launch and every landing. 每次发射和每次降落, 他们都会欢呼。
(Laughter) （笑声）
(Applause) （掌声）
Sometimes I actually show up at the distribution center early because I'm jet-lagged . 有时候我会早到分配中心, 因为我有时差。
jet-lagged:adj.有时差现象的;飞机晚点的;
I'll show up an hour before we begin operation. 我会在开始营業前一小时就到。
And there will be kids on the fence getting good seats. 就已经有孩子到栏杆外抢好位置了。
(Laughter) （笑声）
And you go up and you ask them, "What do you think about the planes?" 你过去,问他们: 「你们觉得这些飞机如何？」
And they'll say, "Oh, it's a sky ambulance ." 他们会说:「喔,这是飞天救护车。」
ambulance:n.救护车;
So they get it. 所以他们能懂。
I mean, they get it more than most adults. 他们比大部份的成人还懂。
So I was asking earlier: 所以我先前在问:
Who is going to be creating the disruptive technology companies of Africa over the next decade? 接下来的十年,有谁要 创造非洲的顛覆性 技术公司？
disruptive:adj.破坏的;分裂性的;制造混乱的;
Ultimately, it's going to be up to these kids. 最终,将会是这些孩子的责任。
They are the engineers of Rwanda and Africa. 他们是卢安达和非洲的工程师。
They are the engineers of our shared future. 他们是我们共享未来的工程师。
But the only way they can build that future is if we realize that world-changing companies can scale in Africa, and that disruptive technology can start here first. 但要让他们能建立那样的未来, 我们就得了解到, 非洲中改变世界的公司是能壮大的, 而顛覆性科技能从非洲最先开始。
Thanks. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）