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KarenDeSalvo_2020-_科技公司如何帮助抵抗疫情以及重塑公共卫生系统_-
Whitney Pennington Rodgers: Before we really dive in to talking specifically about Google 's work in the contact tracing space, let's first set up the relationship between public health and tech. 惠特尼·彭宁顿·罗杰斯: 在我们正式开始 深入探讨有关谷歌 在接触跟踪领域的工作之前, 让我们先来聊一聊 公共卫生和科技的关系。
You know, I think a lot of people, they hear "Google," and they think of this big tech company. 我相信很多人听到“谷歌”, 就会想到这是个大型科技公司。
They think of a search engine . 他们会想到搜索引擎,
And there may be questions about why does Google have a chief health officer? 然后可能会有疑问, 为什么谷歌会有一个首席健康官？
dive:n.潜水;跳水;俯冲;猛冲;v.猛冲;(头朝下)跳入水中;[体]跳水(运动); specifically:adv.特别地;明确地; Google:谷歌;谷歌搜索引擎; contact:n.接触,联系;v.使接触,联系; tracing:n.描图;v.查出;找到;追踪;追究;描绘;记述;(trace的现在分词) search engine:n.(计算机)搜索引擎;
So could you talk a little bit about your work and the work your team does? 那么能不能 简单介绍一下你的工作, 以及你团队的工作？
Karen DeSalvo: Yeah. Well, maybe I'm the embodiment of public health and tech coming together. 凯伦·迪沙佛（Karen DeSalvo）: 好的。我想我的职位就是 公共卫生和科技的结合吧。
My background is, I practiced medicine for 20 years, though a part of my work has always been in public health. 我有 20 年医疗领域的从业经历, 不过我的工作中 总有一部分与公共卫生有关。
In fact, my first job, putting myself through college, was working at the state laboratory in Massachusetts. 事实上,我的第一份工作 是在麻省州立实验室, 这份工作资助我念完了大学。
embodiment:n.体现;化身;具体化; laboratory:n.实验室,研究室;
As the story will go with Joia [Mukherjee] we're reconnected again, a Massachusetts theme. 随后,乔亚·穆克吉（TED 同期 另一位访谈对象）和我又通过麻省 重新联系上了。
And I, across the journey of the work that I was doing for my patients to provide them information and the right care and meet them where they were medically , translated into the work 我在从医的整个过程中 为病人们提供信息 和适当的护理, 并在医疗方面满足他们的需求。 我把这些经验应用到了
reconnected:v.再连接;再接合(reconnect的过去分词和过去式) journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行; patients:n.接受治疗者,病人;(patient的复数) medically:adv.医学上地;医药上地;
that I did when I was the Health Commissioner in New Orleans and later when I had other roles in public health practice, that really is about thinking of people and community 之前在新奥尔良州担任卫生专员 以及之后在公共卫生领域 其他职务的工作中, 实际上这是在思考 不同居住环境中的人们和社区,
in the context in which they live and how we provide the best information, the best resources, the best services that are culturally and linguistically appropriate , meet them where they are. 以及我们如何提供在文化和语言上相适应的, 最好的信息,
And when the opportunity arose to join the team at Google, 当我有机会加入谷歌的团队时,
Commissioner:n.理事;委员;行政长官;总裁; Orleans:n.奥尔良(法国城市); community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; context:n.环境;上下文;来龙去脉; culturally:adv.从文化角度,文化意义上;在人文学方面; linguistically:adv.语言的;语言学方面; appropriate:adj.适当的;恰当的;v.占用,拨出; arose:vi.出现(arise的过去式);引发;
I was really thrilled , because one of the things that I have learned across my journey is that having the right information at the right time can make all the difference in the world. 我真的很兴奋, 因为我在工作生涯中 学到的一件事就是, 在正确的时间得到正确的信息 能够改变世界。
It can literally save lives. 能切实地拯救生命。
And billions of people come to Google every day asking for information, and so it is a tremendous opportunity to have that right information and those resources to people so that they can make good choices, so that they can have the right information, so that they can participate in their own health, 数十亿人每天都使用谷歌 查询信息, 这正是为人们提供正确信息 和资源的绝佳机会, 以使得他们能做出好的选择, 得到正确的信息, 参与到自身的健康管理中来,
thrilled:adj.非常兴奋; v.使非常兴奋; (thrill的过去分词和过去式) at the right time:在适当时候; make all the difference:关系重大;大不相同;重要; literally:adv.按字面:字面上:确实地: tremendous:adj.极大的,巨大的;惊人的;极好的; participate:v.参加;参与;
but also, in the context of this historic pandemic , be a part of the broader health of the community, whether it's to flatten the curve or keep the curve flat as we go forward. 但是同时,也能在 这个历史性疫情的背景下, 成为更广泛的社群健康的一部分, 无论是要把曲线压平, 还是在日后保持曲线的平缓。
WPR: And so it sounds like that there is this connection, then, between public health and what Google's work is in thinking about public education and providing information. 惠特尼: 那么听起来公共卫生 和谷歌的工作之间的联系在于 考虑公共教育并且提供信息。
historic:adj.有历史意义的;历史上著名的; pandemic:adj.(疾病等)全国流行的;普遍的;n.流行性疾病; flatten:vt.击败,摧毁;使…平坦;vi.变平;变单调; curve:n.曲线;弯曲;曲面;弧线;v.(使)沿曲线移动;呈曲线形;
And so could you talk a little bit about that link between public health and public education and Google? 那么你能谈一谈 公共卫生、公共教育 和谷歌的联系吗？
KD: Definitely . 凯伦:当然可以。
You know, the essential public health services include communication and data, and these are two areas where tech in general , but certainly Google, has an opportunity to partner with the public health system and with the public for their health more broadly . 基本的公共卫生服务 包括了交流和数据, 在这两个领域中, 绝大多数科技公司,尤其是谷歌, 有机会更广泛的参与到 公共卫生系统和公共健康中来。
Definitely:adv.清楚地,当然;明确地,肯定地; essential:n.要点;要素;实质;必需品;adj.完全必要的;必不可少的;极其重要的;本质的; in general:总之,通常;一般而言; broadly:adv.明显地;宽广地;概括地;露骨地;粗鄙地;
You know, going back to the earlier days of this pandemic, towards the end of January, 回到疫情早期, 在一月底时,
Google first leaned in to start to put information out to the public about how to find resources in their local community, from the CDC or from other authoritative resources. 谷歌率先开始向公众发布 有关如何从疾病防治中心（CDC） 或其他权威渠道 获取本地社区资源的信息。
So on the search page, we put up "knowledge panels ," 于是在搜索页面上, 我们放上了“知识板块”,
is the way that we describe it, and we did develop an SOS alert , which is something we've done for other crises , and in this particular historic crisis , 我们是这样描述它的, 然后我们开发了 一个 SOS 警报系统, 在针对其它危机时 也做过相同的处理。 然后在这次历史性的危机中,
leaned:v.前俯后仰;倾斜;倚靠;使斜靠;(lean的过去分词和过去式) authoritative:adj.有权威的;命令式的;当局的; panels:n.面板(panel的复数); v.嵌镶(panel的第三人称单数形式); describe:v.描述;形容;把…称为;画出…图形; alert:n.警报; adj.警觉的; v.向…报警; crises:n.危机,紧要关头;危险期(crisis的复数形式); crisis:n.危机;危险期;决定性时刻;adj.危机的;用于处理危机的;
we wanted to be certain that when people went on to search, that there was authoritative information, which is always there but certainly very prominently displayed , and do that in partnership with public health authorities . 我们希望确保 当人们去搜索信息时, 能搜索到权威的信息, 这些信息会一直 显示在非常明显的位置上, 并且我们是与公共卫生部门 合作进行的。
So we began our journey really very much in an information way of making certain that people knew how to get the right information at the right time to save lives. 所以我们以信息为中心的方式 展开了我们的工作, 以确保人们在正确的时间 获取正确的信息,从而拯救生命。
prominently:adv.显著地; displayed:v.陈列;展出;展示;显露(display的过去分词和过去式) partnership:n.合伙;[经管]合伙企业;合作关系;合伙契约; authorities:n.权力;威权;职权;批准;(authority的复数)
I think the journey for us over the course of the last few months has been to continue to lean in on how we provide information in partnership with public health authorities in local areas, 我想,这项工作 在过去的几个月中 一直侧重于 与当地公共卫生部门 合作提供信息的方式,
directing people in a certain state to their state's health department, helping people get information about testing. 指导人们找到 自己所在州的卫生部门, 帮助人们获取有关检测的信息。
There's also been, though, a suite of resources that we wanted to provide to the health care community, whether that was for health care providers that may not have access to PPE, for example, we did a partnership with the CDC Foundation . 我们还希望向医疗保健社区 提供一整套资源, 无论是否针对可能无法使用 PPE（个人防护设备） 的 医疗保健提供者。 举个例子, 我们和 CDC 基金会达成了合作。
Though the scale of the company and the opportunity for us to partner with public health around things like helping public health understand if their blunt policies around social distancing to flatten the curve were actually having an impact on behavior in the community. 公司的规模以及 我们与公共卫生部门合作的机会, 让我们能够帮助 公共卫生部门了解 他们通过社会距离 拉平确诊病例曲线的强硬政策 真实地在影响着我们社区的行为。
suite:n.套房;一套家具;组曲(由三个或更多相关部分组成);套装软件; health care:n.卫生保健; providers:n.供应者;提供者;供养人;(provider的复数) Foundation:n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; blunt:adj.钝的,不锋利的;生硬的;直率的;v.使迟钝; policies:n.政策;方针;原则;为人之道;保险单(policy的复数) impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
That's our community mobility reports. 那就是我们的“社区流动性报告”。
We were asked by public health agencies all across the world, including some of my colleagues here in the US, could we help them have a better evidence-based way to understand the policies around social distancing or shelter in place? 世界范围内的公共卫生机构 包括我在美国的同事们 都曾问过我们, 是否有更好的循证方法 来帮助他们去了解 社交距离或居家防疫政策？
mobility:n.移动性;机动性;[电子]迁移率; agencies:n.代理;代理处(agency的复数); colleagues:n.同事;同行(colleague的复数); evidence-based:adj.基于证据的;
Which I think we'll talk about more later. 这些我们会在稍后 进一步讨论。
In addition to that sort of work, also been working to support public health in this really essential work they're doing for contact tracing, which is very human-resource intensive , very complex , incredibly important to keep the curve flat and prevent future outbreaks , 除此之外,还有一些工作 能为公共卫生提供支持, 也是非常重要的, 就是接触者追踪, 这是需要很多人力参与的, 很复杂, 但也是拉平确诊病例曲线 和防范未来爆发的 极其关键性的一点,
and give time and space for health care and, importantly, science to do the work they need to do to create treatments and, very importantly, a vaccine . 以此为卫生部门, 尤其是科学争取时间和空间, 去做他们需要完成的工作, 寻找治疗方案, 以及,尤其重要的, 就是疫苗的开发。
In addition to:除…之外; intensive:adj.加强的;集中的;透彻的;加强语气的;n.加强器; complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; outbreaks:n.(战争的)爆发;(疾病的)发作;vi.爆发; treatments:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论;(treatment的复数) vaccine:n.疫苗;牛痘苗;adj.疫苗的;牛痘的;
So that work around providing an additional set of digital tools, exposure notification for the contact tracing community, is one of the other areas where we've been supporting the public health. 所以提供一系列数字化工具, 向接触者跟踪社区 发出接触通知这些工作 是我们一直在提供支持的 公共卫生的另一个方面。
So we think, as we've thought about this pandemic, it's support the users, which is the consumer . 所以,正如我们预想的那样, 在这场疫情中, 要支持我们的用户, 也就是我们的消费者。
There's also a health care system and a scientific community where we've been partnering. 我们也有跟健康卫生系统和科学组织合作。
additional:adj.附加的,额外的; digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; exposure:n.暴露;显露;揭露;面临; notification:n.通知;通告;告示; consumer:n.[经]消费者;[生,生态]消费者; scientific:adj.科学的,系统的;
And then, of course, public health. 对我来说,惠特尼,
And for me, I mean, Whitney, this is just a wonderful opportunity for Big Tech to come together with the public health infrastructure . 这正好给了大型科技公司参与到 公共卫生基础建设一个绝佳的机会。
Public health, as Joia was sort of articulating before, is often an unsung hero. 正如乔亚之前所说, 公共卫生工作, 一直是无名英雄。
It saves your life every day, but you didn't know it. 它每天都挽救着我们的生命, 而我们却对此毫无觉察。
And it is also a pretty under-resourced part of our health infrastructure, globally, but especially in the US. 它同时也是医疗基础设施中 资源短缺的一部分, 在全球范围内都是如此, 尤其是在美国。
infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造; articulating:v.清晰地发(音); adj.发音清晰的; unsung:adj.(歌)未唱的;未被诗歌赞颂的,埋没的; under-resourced:资源不足的; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分;
It's something I worked on a lot before I came to Google. 这就是在来到谷歌之前 我做的大部分工作。
And so the opportunity to partner and do everything that we can as a company and, in this case, with contact tracing in partnership with Apple to create a very privacy-promoting, useful, helpful product 所以现在有机会去合作, 尽一家公司的职责, 比如与苹果公司合作的 接触者追踪项目, 共同开发一个更加保护隐私 且实用有效的产品,
that is going to be a part of the bigger contact tracing is something that we feel really proud of and look forward to continuing to work with public health. 成为扩大接触者追踪的一部分, 这让我们非常骄傲, 并且期待能继续 与公共卫生部门合作。
In fact, we were on the phone this morning with a suite of public health groups from across the country, listening again to what would be helpful questions that they have. 事实上,今天早上我们和 几个全国范围的公共卫生组织 进行了电话会议, 再一次倾听了他们提出的问题。
look forward to:盼望,期待;
And as we think about rolling out the system, this is the way that we've been for the last many months at Google, and I'm just really ... 当我们考虑推广这个系统时, 这就是过去这几个月中 我们在谷歌所采取的行动, 我真的——
I landed at a place just a few months ago -- I just started at Google -- where we can have an impact on what people know all across the world. 我在几个月前 才刚刚加入了谷歌, 在这里我们可以对 全世界人们的认知 产生影响。
And I'll tell you, as a public health professional and as a doc, that is one of the most critical things. 我想说,作为一名 公共卫生专家以及一名医生, 这就是最重要的事之一。
People need to have the right information so they can help navigate their health journey, but also especially in this pandemic because it's going to save lives. 人们需要正确的信息, 这样他们就可以 掌控自己的健康状况。 特别是在疫情期间, 因为正确的信息可以拯救生命。
professional:adj.专业的;职业的;职业性的;n.专业人员;职业运动员; critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的; navigate:vt.驾驶,操纵;使通过;航行于;vi.航行,航空;
WPR: That's great. Thank you. 惠特尼: 说得太好了,谢谢你。
So, to talk more about this contact tracing system and the exposure notification app, we've read so much about this. 那么,为了进一步了解 这套接触者追踪系统 和接触通知应用, 我们已经读到很多相关内容。
Could you describe this, a little bit about how the app works, what exactly are users seeing, what information is being collected? 可不可以给我们介绍一下 这款应用是怎么工作的, 用户具体能看到什么内容, 有哪些信息会被收集？
Just give us sort of a broad sense of what this app does. 请简单介绍一下 这款应用的功能。
KD: Yeah. 凯伦:好的。
Let me just start by explaining what it is, and it's actually not even an app, it's just an API. 那我就从解释它是什么开始吧, 严格来说,它不能算是一款应用, 而只是一个 API（应用程序接口）。
It's a system that allows a public health agency to create an app, and only the API, this doorway to the phone system, is available to public health. 这是一个可以允许 公共卫生机构 自行开发应用程序的系统, 也仅有这个可以 连接到手机系统的接口 是对公共卫生部门开放的。
So it's not designed for any other purpose than to support public health and the work that they're doing in COVID-19 in contact tracing. 所以,它除了在 新冠疫情下的接触者追踪中 支持公共卫生和相关工作, 并没有其它用途。
The second piece of this is that we wanted to build a system that was privacy-promoting, that really put the user first, gave them the opportunity to opt into the system and opt out whenever they wanted to do that, 第二个部分是, 我们想要创建的这个系统 是保护隐私的, 是保护隐私的, 让他们既可以 选择进入这个系统, 也可以在任何时候 退出这个系统,
agency:n.代理,中介;代理处,经销处; doorway:n.门口;途径; opt:vi.选择;
so they also have some control over how they're engaging and using their phone, basically , as a part of keeping the curve flat around the world. 所以他们在参与这过程中 有部分控制权, 基本上,也是通过手机 为世界范围内拉平疫情曲线 做出了贡献。
The system was developed in response to requests that we were getting about how could technology , particularly smartphones , be useful in contact tracing? 这个系统是针对 这样一种需求而开发的: 我们如何运用科技, 尤其是智能手机, 实现接触者追踪？
And as we thought this through and talked with public health experts and academics and privacy experts, it was pretty clear that obviously contract tracing is a complex endeavor that does require human resources , because there's a lot of very particular things 我们在考虑这一点的同时, 也和公共卫生方面的专家, 学者和隐私方面的专家讨论过, 显而易见的是, 接触者追踪是个复杂的工作, 是要很多人力资源的, 因为作为接触者追踪的一部分,
engaging:adj.有趣的; v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣); (engage的现在分词) basically:adv.主要地,基本上; in response to:响应;回答;对…有反应; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; particularly:adv.特别地,独特地;详细地,具体地;明确地,细致地; smartphones:智能手机(smartphone的复数); academics:n.学术水平;学术知识;专业学者; privacy:n.隐私;秘密;隐居;隐居处; contract:v.收缩;感染;订约;n.合同;婚约; endeavor:n.v.努力;尽力;试图; human resources:n.人力资源;(公司的)人事部;
that you need to do in having conversations with people as part of contact tracing. 有很多特殊的事件 需要你和当事人交流。
On the other hand , there's some opportunity to better inform the contact investigators with things like, particularly, an exposure log. 另一方面, 我们有机会更好地 告知接触调查人员 一些信息,特别是接触日志。
So one of the things that happens when the contact tracer calls you or visits you is they ask, "Hey, in the last certain number of days," 所以当负责追踪接触者的 工作人员打电话给你, 或是来到你家拜访,问道, “你好,在过去的某些天里,”——
and in the case of COVID, it would be a couple days before symptoms developed, "Hey, tell us the story of what you've been involved in doing so that we can begin to think through where you might have been, 对于新冠来说, 可能是在出现症状的几天前—— “能告诉我们你做过什么吗？ 那我们就可以推测 你可能到过什么地方,
On the other hand:另一方面; inform:v.通知;告诉;报告;告发;告密; investigators:n.研究者,调查者(investigator的复数形式); tracer:n.[核]示踪物;追踪者;描图者;(铁笔等)绘图工具; symptoms:n.症状;征候;征兆;(symptom的复数) involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词) think through:彻底地想清楚;
to the grocery or to church or what other activities and with whom you might have been into contact." 是去过杂货店、教堂, 还是参加了什么活动, 都和什么样的人有过接触。”
There's some amount of recall bias in that for all us, like we forget where we might have been, and there's also an amount of anonymous contact. 我们所有人都会 多多少少有些回忆偏差, 比如我们可能会忘记 我们去过的地方, 还有就是会有很多 与陌生人的接触。
grocery:n.食品杂货店;食品杂货; recall:v.记起;回想起;使想到;勾起;召回;n.记忆力;记性;回归请求;回收令; bias:adv.使有偏见;n.偏见;偏心;偏爱;v.使有偏见;使偏向;adj.斜的;[电]偏动的; anonymous:adj.匿名的,无名的;无个性特征的;
So there are times when we're out in the world, on a bus or in a store, and we may have come into prolonged and close contact with someone and wouldn't know who they were. 我们总会有机会去到外面, 乘坐巴士或者进入一家商店, 我们可能会和某个人 进行长时间的近距离接触, 但并不知道他们是谁。
And so the augmentation that the exposure notification system provides is designed to fill in those gaps and to expedite the notification to public health of who has a positive test, because the person would have notified , 所以接触通知系统 提供的扩充内容 就是设计来填满这些空白, 并且让公共卫生更快的知道 谁被确定为阳性, 因为如果这个人接到了通知,
prolonged:adj.长期的;持久的;v.延长(prolong的过去分词和过去式); augmentation:n.增加,增大;增加物; gaps:n.差异,缺口;缝隙(gap的复数形式);v.裂开;使豁裂(gap的第三人称单数形式); expedite:vt.加快;促进;发出;adj.畅通的;迅速的;方便的; positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片; notified:v.通知;报告;申报;(notify的过去式和过去分词)
they trigger something that notifies public health, and then to fill in some of those gaps in the prior exposure. 卫生部门就会通知 整个公共卫生系统, 然后填补之前接触链中的空白。
What it does not do is it does not use GPS or location to track people. 它并没有使用 GPS 或是定位去追踪人们。
So the system actually uses something different called Bluetooth Low Energy, which is privacy-preserving, it doesn't drain the battery and it makes it more also interoperable between both Apple and the Android system so it's more useful, not only in the US context, but globally. 这个系统其实 用的是不一样的技术, 叫做低功耗蓝牙, 能够保护隐私, 且并不耗电, 而且会在苹果和安卓系统之间 实现更好的兼容。 所以它除了在美国的环境下 能够很好地发挥作用, 也同样适用于全球。
trigger:n.触发器; v.触发; notifies:通知; prior:adj.先前的; n.(小隐修院)院长; v.居先; location:n.地方;地点;位置;定位 track:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪; Bluetooth:n.蓝牙技术(一种无线通信的标准); drain:v.排水;流干;喝光,耗尽;n.排水;下水道,排水管;消耗; battery:n.[电]电池,蓄电池;n.[法]殴打;n.[军]炮台,炮位; interoperable:adj.可互相操作的;配合动作的;互用的; Android:n.机器人;安卓操作系统;
So we built this system in response to some requests to help augment the contact-tracing systems. 我们开发这个系统的目的是 完善接触者追踪系统。
We wanted to do it in a way that was user-controlled and privacy-preserving and had technological features that would allow public health to augment the exposure log 我们希望以一种用户可控 和保护隐私的方式 来做到这一点, 来做到这一点, 能够帮助公共卫生部门 补充和完善接触日志,
in a way that would accelerate the work that they needed to get done to interrupt transmission -- keep the R naught less than one -- and do that in a way that we would also be able to partner with public health to think about risk scoring. 以提高工作效率, 阻断传播——把 R0 值 （传染指数）控制在 1 以下, 同时也能让我们 与公共卫生部门合作, 去思考风险评估。
technological:adj.技术[工程](上)的;因工艺技术高度发展而引起的; accelerate:v.加快;加速;n.接受速成教育的学生; interrupt:v.中断;打断;插嘴;妨碍;n.中断; transmission:n.传输;传染;播送;发射;广播;传动装置; naught:n.[数]零;无价值;adj.无价值的;无用的;
We could talk more about any of these areas that you want, but I think maybe one of the most important things that I want to say, Whitney, is how grateful Apple and Google are -- 我们可以进一步讨论 一些其他方面的问题, 但是我想,惠特尼, 也许我最想说的一件事, 就是苹果和谷歌非常感恩——
I'll take a moment to speak for my colleagues at Apple -- to the great partnership from public health across the world and to academics and to others who have helped us think through how this can be, how the exposure notification system fits into the broader contact tracing portfolio , 我想要在此 代表苹果的同事们—— 感谢全世界的公共卫生部门, 学者,还有其他 为我们提供好的建议, 考虑接触通知系统如何能够 嵌入到更广泛的接触跟踪策略中,
and how it does it in a way that really respects and protects privacy and also is useful to public health. 如何真正尊重 和保护人们的隐私, 并且为公共卫生 提供帮助的那些人。
We're still on this journey with them, and I really believe that we're going to be able to help, and I'm looking forward to being a part of the great work 我们依旧和与他们 在这条征途上并肩前行, 我相信我们能够提供帮助, 我也期待参与到 这份伟大的工作中,
speak for:要求得到;代表…讲话; portfolio:n.公文包;文件夹;证券投资组合;部长职务;
that public health's got to do on the front lines every day, been doing, frankly, but needs to be able to step up. 公共卫生系统的工作人员 每天在前线进行的工作, 老实说, 也是需要加强的工作。
WPR: That's great, and thank you for that really detailed explanation. 惠特尼:真是太棒了, 谢谢你给了特别详细的解释。
And you know, we actually have Chris here with some questions from our community, so why don't we turn there really quickly. 克里斯也上线了, 他带来了观众的一些问题, 来听听他想说什么。
Chris Anderson: Yep. Questions pouring in, Karen. 克里斯·安德森:好的。 凯伦,我带来了很多问题。
Here's one from Vishal Gurbuxani. 有一个问题来自 维沙尔·古尔巴萨尼（Vishal Gurbuxani）。
Uh ... Gurbu -- 呃。。。古尔布。。。
I've pronounced that horribly wrong, but make up your own mind . 我的发音实在是太糟糕了, 就假装我念的是正确的吧。
Vishal, we'll connect later and you can tell me how to say that. 维沙尔,我们可以稍后联系, 然后你告诉我怎么念。[12:20]
pouring:v.倾倒;倾泻;连续流出;倒出;喷发;(pour的现在分词) horribly:adv.可怕地;让人吃惊 make up your own mind:自己作决定;
KD: Fabulous last name . I love that. That's a Scrabble word. 凯伦:非常棒的姓氏,我喜欢。 像是个拼字游戏的单词。
CA: "Given where we are today, how should employees think about returning to work, with so many conflicting messages?" 克里斯:考虑当下的情况, 面对这么多冲突的信息, 员工应该如何处理复工的问题？
KD: This has been an important part of my work for the last few months. 凯伦:这是我最近几个月 工作中的一部分。
Fabulous:adj.难以置信的;传说的,寓言中的;极好的; last name:n.姓;姓氏; Scrabble:v.忙乱地找;翻找;乱抓;乱动;n.争夺;挣扎;奋斗; conflicting:adj.互相斗争的;相冲突的;v.冲突,抵触;(conflict的现在分词)
I joined Google in December, and all this started happening. 我在 12 月加入了谷歌, 紧接着疫情就爆发了。
The pandemic in the world first began in November but it got very hot in many parts of the world in the last few months, and we've been thinking a lot about how to protect Googlers but also protect the community. 在全球范围内, 疫情最初是在 11 月开始的, 但接下来的短短几个月中, 就在世界各地陆续爆发了, 我们一直在思考 怎么去保护谷歌的员工, 还有整个社区。
I've been talking a lot about what we've done externally . 我们已经聊了许多 谷歌对外的工作。
You know, internally , Google made a decision to go to work-from-home pretty early. 谷歌内部很早就做出了 居家办公的决定,
We believed that we could. 我们相信我们能够做到。
We believed that in all the places across the world where we have offices, that the more we could not only model but frankly just be a part of flattening the curve, that we would be good citizens. 我们相信在世界各地的 谷歌办公室, 我们不光可以成为一种模范, 更能够为拉平疫情曲线 做出一部分贡献, 成为好的公民。
externally:adv.外部地;外表上,外形上; internally:adv.内部地;国内地;内在地; flattening:n.整平;扁率;压扁作用;v.压扁(flatten的ing形式);
So we have been fairly ... 所以相当于我们一直是。
I don't know if the right word is conservative or assertive , about it, because we really wanted to make sure that we were doing everything we could just to get people to shelter in place and socially distance. 我不知道哪个词更适合些, 保守的,或者是自信的, 因为我们希望 确保我们所作的一切 可以让人们能够居家防疫, 并且保持社交距离。
fairly:adv.相当地;公平地;简直; conservative:adj.保守的;n.保守派,守旧者; assertive:adj.肯定的;独断的;坚定而自信的;
A lot of other companies have been doing the same, and I think the choices that people are making are going to be predicated on a whole array of factors : the rates of local transmission; governmental expectations; the ability to work from home; 许多其他公司也做了同样的事情, 我想人们做的决定 将基于很多因素: 社区传染率; 政府的预期; 在家办公的可行性;
the individual characteristics of the workers themselves, how much risk they might have or how much risk it would be for them to bring that back into their household if they have people living in their household 员工自己的个人特性, 他们工作时会有多少感染风险, 或者说有多少把病毒 从工作岗位带回家的风险, 如果员工家里有其他家庭成员,
predicated:adj.断言的,断定的;v.断言;断定(predicate的过去式); array:n.数组,阵列;排列,列阵;大批,一系列;衣服;v.排列,部署;打扮; factors:n.因素(factor的复数); v.做代理商; governmental:adj.政府的;政治的;统治上的; individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的; characteristics:n.特征;特点;品质;(characteristic的复数) household:n.家庭;一家人;同住一所(或一套)房子的人;adj.家庭的;家常的;王室的;
who would be at increased risk from morbidity , mortality , from suffering and death, from COVID. 他们感染新冠的几率更高, 死亡率更高, 遭受痛苦和死亡的风险更大。
So these are individual and local considerations . 这些都是个人或局部的考虑。
I think for us as a company, we want to, as we've talked about publicly, we want to continue to be a part of the public health solution around social distancing, 我想,我们作为一个公司—— 因为现在讨论的是公众—— 我们想要继续参与 解决公共卫生问题, 也就是保持社交距离,
morbidity:n.发病率;病态;不健全; mortality:n.死亡数,死亡率;必死性,必死的命运; considerations:n.考虑;注意事项(consideration的复数形式);体贴; solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
and so that for us means continuing to encourage work-from-home for our employees and really only be in if it's essential that people are in the workplace . 所以对我们来说就要 继续鼓励我们的员工 在家办公, 只有在必要情况下 才会让员工回到工作岗位。
And we've said publicly that we're going to be doing that for many months to come. 我们已经公开说过 将这一措施持续数月。
Now, here's one thing I do want to say, which is, working from home has definite benefits, not only for the pandemic, but for some people, time for commute , etc. 我还想提一件事情, 那就是, 在家办公绝对是有很多益处的, 不止是针对这场疫情, 也针对一些需要花很多时间 在通勤上的人们,等等。
workplace:n.工作场所;车间; commute:v.减刑;交换;通勤;代偿;n.通勤(口语);
I think we're already learning there are some downsides , and there are generic downsides , even just not from work-from-home but school-from-home and just being at home, which is: social isolation is real. 我想,我们也已经看到了 一些长期居家的弊端, 也是一些普遍的局限性, 不光来自在家办公, 还包括在家上课, 以及只是呆在家里, 那就是:社交孤立。
It causes depression . 它会导致抑郁。
It has physical impacts on people's bodies; there's science around this. 它会对人们的身体健康 带来负面影响; 这些已经被科学证实了。
So as the world is weighing, even beyond the pandemic, when we've achieved herd immunity because we've been able to vaccinate the world with a functioning vaccine that creates immunity, 那么当全球都在承担压力, 甚至在这场疫情之后, 当我们实现了群体免疫, 因为我们已经能给全世界接种了 能产生免疫力的有效疫苗,
downsides:下降趋势;消极面,缺点(downside的复数); generic:adj.类的;一般的;属的;非商标的; depression:n.沮丧;洼地;不景气;忧愁; physical:adj.[物]物理的;身体的;物质的;符合自然法则的;n.体格检查; impacts:n.影响; v.有影响,有作用; herd:n.兽群,畜群;放牧人;vi.成群,聚在一起;vt.放牧;使成群; immunity:n.免疫力;豁免权;免除; vaccinate:vi.接种疫苗;vt.给…注射疫苗;n.被接种牛痘者;
I think probably a lot of workplaces are going to want to encourage work-from-home. 我想可能很多工作岗位 会继续鼓励员工在家办公。
But I just want us also to remember that part of humanity is community, and so we'll have to be thinking through how we balance those activities. 但是我希望我们能记住, 人类的一部分是社会, 我们必须去考虑 如何平衡各种活动。
CA: And, of course, there are huge swathes of the economy that can't work from home. 克里斯:是的,当然, 还有很大一部分经济体, 不适合家庭办公,
workplaces:n.[管理]工作场所(workplace的复数); humanity:n.人类;人道;仁慈;人文学科; swathes:vt.包围;紧绑;裹;n.带子,绷带;包装品; economy:n.经济;节约;理财;
We're a lucky few who can. 我们是少数能做到的幸运儿。
And speaking of which, here's a question from Otho Kerr. 说到这里,有个来自 奥索·科尔（Otho Kerr）的问题,
'" Vulnerable communities seem to be receiving a disproportionate amount of misinformation . “弱势群体似乎正在被灌输 大量错误信息。
What is Google doing to help make sure these communities are receiving accurate news rather than fake news?" 谷歌正在采取哪些行动 去帮助这些群体 接受正确的信息, 而不是虚假的信息？”
KD: You know, vulnerable communities is where I have spent most of my career focused. 凯伦:弱势群体是我职业生涯中 最关注的一部分。
Vulnerable:adj.易受攻击的,易受…的攻击;易受伤害的;有弱点的; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) disproportionate:adj.不成比例的;不成比例地; misinformation:n.误报;错误的消息; accurate:adj.精确的; fake:n.假货;骗子;假动作;v.捏造;假装…的样子;adj.伪造的; career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历;
I think with many things that we've learned as a society in this pandemic were things that we, frankly, should have known. 我想,我们作为一个社会群体, 在这场疫情中学到的很多事情 老实说,是早就应该知道的。
And before I get to the information, I'll just talk about access to services, which is to say, and to brag , I guess, on my hometown of New Orleans. 在谈到信息这个话题之前, 我想先谈谈获得服务的途径, 就是说——我忍不住想 赞美一下我的家乡新奥尔良——
One of the early things that New Orleans learned, or remembered or whatever, was that drive-through testing only works if you have a car. 在那里,我们很早 就学到的其中一件事是, 或者说记住的, 就是免下车测试 只在你有车的情况下才有意义。
So you need walk-up testing, and it needs to be in the neighborhood . 所以如果只能步行到达, 检测点需要设置在附近的街区。
brag:n.吹牛,自夸;v.吹牛,自夸; drive-through:n.乘车穿过;驱车穿越;adj.免下车的;得来速式; walk-up:adj.无电梯的;n.无电梯的公寓; neighborhood:n.附近;地区;街坊;adj.附近的;
We need to meet people where they are, and it's thematic of all the work that we did after Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans was to build back a health care and public health infrastructure that was community-oriented, built with community not for community. 我们需要去人们所在的地方 和他们见面, 我们在新奥尔良卡特里娜飓风后 所做的主要工作, 就是重建卫生保健和 公共卫生基础设施, 是面向社区的,和社区共同建立, 而不只是为了社区建立。
Of all the many things that I really do hope last from this pandemic, one of them, though, is that we're being much more conscious of building with especially vulnerable communities and building out policies and processes that are as inclusive as possible. 我真心希望这场疫情 能带来的诸多教训中, 能有一样,就是我们 能更加有意识地 与弱势群体一同 去建立并且制定 各种包容性的 政策和流程。
thematic:adj.主题的,主旋律的;题目的;语干的; Hurricane:n.飓风,暴风; conscious of:意识到; processes:n.过程; v.处理(process的第三人称单数形式); inclusive:adj.包括的,包含的;
For Google information, we start with, on the search platform , for example, adding up knowledge panels, that we spend time making sure are linguistically and culturally appropriate. 说到谷歌, 我们可以先从 搜索平台谈起,比如说, 添加知识板块, 我们要确保这些内容 在语言和文化上是恰当的。
We tend to start globally, with global authoritative groups like the World Health Organization or the National Health Service or CDC, and then we begin to build down to more focused jurisdictions . 我们倾向于在全球范围内, 和全球权威组织合作, 比如世界卫生组织, 国家卫生服务中心或疾控中心, 然后再开始建立 更集中的司法管辖区。
platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的; Organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体; National Health Service:n.(英国)国民医疗服务体系; jurisdictions:n.司法管辖区;行政辖区(jurisdiction的复数);
On other platforms that we have like YouTube, we've built out special channels where we do, because it's a platform and we can host content , we've partnered with creatives -- 在我们其它的平台上, 比如 YouTube, 我们建立了特别频道, 在那里我们可以托管内容, 我们和创作者们合作——
we call them, I don't know, that's a new thing for me because I'm a doctor -- but we've partnered with creatives and influencers whose reach resonates with communities. 我们这样称呼他们, 这对我来说是全新的东西, 因为我是个医生—— 但是我们和那些 与群体有强烈共鸣的 创作者们,还有网红们合作。
platforms:n.平台; v.把…放在台上; content:n.内容,目录;满足;容量;adj.满意的;vt.使满足; creatives:n.创意人员(creative的复数); influencers:n.影响者;有影响力的人(influencer的复数); resonates:vt.共鸣;共振;vi.共鸣;共振;
We have had particular programming, for example, for seniors , 我们有一个特殊的项目, 比如说,针对老人,
African-Americans, so "vulnerable" takes on a lot of meaning for us globally and in the US context. 针对非裔美国人, 所以“弱势”在全球 和在美国的环境下, 对于我们来说 都有很重大的意义。
Our work is not done, and we certainly every day are thinking about how we can do more to see that the information is accessible , accurate and also, frankly, interesting so that people want to engage . 我们的工作还没有完成, 当然我们每天都在思考 我们还能做什么, 使信息变得更容易获取, 更准确, 也更有趣味, 让人们主动想要去了解。
seniors:n.年长者,老年人;资历较深的人(senior的复数形式); accessible:adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的; engage:v.吸引,占用;使参加;雇佣;使订婚;预定;
CA: Yeah. 克里斯:确实是。
Alright, thank you Karen. 好的,谢谢你,凯伦。
I'll be back in a bit with some other questions. 我一会儿会带着更多问题回来。
WPR: Thank you, Chris. 惠特尼:谢谢,克里斯。
And you know, and this is really wonderful talking about more broadly, where you see tech and public health going, and specifically, talking about these vulnerable communities. 很高兴能听到你展开谈到 你所见到的科技和公共卫生的 共同发展方向, 尤其是谈到了弱势群体。
And I think one thing, even just beyond Google, it would be interesting to sort of hear your thoughts on where you see tech in general better serving public health, if there are spaces that you think, no matter which tech company we're talking about, we could all sort of come together to better serve the community. 跳出谷歌,还有一件事 我很想听听你的想法, 关于在哪些方面,科技能 更好地服务公共卫生系统, 如果你想能到一些领域, 无论是哪家科技公司,
Do you have any thoughts on that? 对此你有什么想法呢？
KD: I could spend several hours talking to you about that, but maybe I'll just start by saying that I came to tech through the pathway of direct patient care and public health service in local community, and I ended up in a role in the federal government as the National Coordinator for Health IT, which, for my background, felt unusual to me, 凯伦:这些话题 我能说上几个小时, 但也许我应该先说, 我以直接的病人护理 和本地社区的 公共卫生服务为起点, 进入到科技领域, 后来又在联邦政府任职, 作为国家卫生信息技术协调员, 这些经历对我来说非常特别。
I'm just being honest. 这是实话。
And I thought, well, I'm not really a tech person, but the secretary at the time said, "That's exactly why we need you, because we need to apply tech." 我并不认为自己 是一个技术人才, 但当时的部长说, “这就是我们为什么需要你, 我们要把技术实际运用起来。”
pathway:n.路,道;途径,路径; federal:adj.联邦的;同盟的;联邦政府的;联邦制的;adv.联邦政府地; Coordinator:n.协调者;[自]协调器;同等的人或物; apply:v.申请;涂,敷;应用;适用;请求;
And she had had the unfortunate experience of hearing me chirp about how public health needed more timely data to make better evidence-based policy on behalf of community and with community. 她不得不忍受 我喋喋不休地抱怨 公共卫生系统多么需要最新的数据 来制定更好的循证政策, 来更好地服务社区。
This was a source of frustration for me as a local public health officer, that sometimes the data I was working on, though great, was stale by the time I needed to make decisions 当我还是地方公共卫生官员时, 这曾让我感到很沮丧, 有时我工作中 所使用的数据虽然很好, 但是已经过时了,而我当时需要依靠 这些数据,在我的管辖社区
chirp:v.吱喳叫; n.(鸟的)啁啾声; (无线电的)声信号 timely:adj.及时的;适时的;adv.及时地;早; policy:n.政策,方针;保险单; on behalf of:代表;为了; frustration:n.挫折; stale:v.走味; adj.不新鲜的; n.囮子;
about chronic disease interventions , or mental health or even violence or intimate partner violence issues in my community. 就慢性疾病干预, 或精神健康,甚至暴力, 或者亲密伴侣暴力问题 做出决定。
And so the desire to make data useful and accessible to support people in communities is something that's been burning in me for a long time, and what I have learned since I have been out in Silicon Valley 所以让数据变得有效和可访问, 以支持社区中的居民, 是长久以来一直在激励我的动力。 自从去了硅谷后, 我开始意识到,
chronic:adj.慢性的;长期的;习惯性的; disease:n.病,[医]疾病;弊病;vt.传染;使…有病; interventions:n.[法]干预,干涉;处置(intervention的复数); violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲; intimate:n.知己; v.暗示; adj.亲密的; issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数) Silicon Valley:n.硅谷(美国加利福尼亚州一处计算机和电子公司聚集地,有时用以指任何计算机公司聚集地);
is that that desire burns in the bellies of many people who work at Google and Apple and other companies, and it's been really wonderful to see, during this horrible time of the pandemic, 这种渴望也在谷歌和苹果 以及其他公司的 工作人员心里滋长, 我很高兴看到 在这可怕的疫情时期,
the incredibly brilliant engineering and programming and other minds at a company like Google turn their attention on how can we partner with consumers and with public health to do the right thing, to bring the resources that we have to bear. 这些才华横溢的工程师和程序员 还有像谷歌这样的公司里的其他人 把他们的精力投入到了 如何与用户合作, 与公共卫生一起去做有益的事上, 从而带来对我们来说 非常必要的资源。
bellies:n.腹部; v.张满; (belly的第三人称单数和复数) horrible:可怕的,极讨厌的, engineering:n.工程;工程学;v.密谋策划;设计制造;改变…的基因;(engineer的现在分词) consumers:n.消费者;顾客;用户;(consumer的复数)
And I said I could talk all day about it because I have many examples from the work that we have done at Google. 类似的话题我可以谈上一整天, 因为我有太多的例子了, 都来自我们在谷歌做的工作。
Maybe I'll just point out a couple. 我可以再说几个。
One is to say that we very early on wanted to find a crisp way to help people understand what they could to protect themselves and their community, to flatten the curve, get the R naught less than one, 一个是说, 我们很早就在寻找一种 清晰有效的方式,让人们去理解 大家可以做什么来保护自己 和他们所在的社区, 去拉平疫情曲线, 让传染指数保持在 1 以下,
and this "Do the Five" work that our teams, largely in marketing but then a lot of other people weighed in. 有一个由市场部主导的 “五步走（Do the Five）”项目, 很多其他部门的人 也陆续加入了进来。
It required massive amounts of talent to make that available on our landing page, on search, and then fold it out more broadly. 需要投入很多的创意和设计, 好让相关信息出现在我们的 登入页面和搜索工具上, 然后更广泛地传播出去。
crisp:adj.脆的;新鲜的;易碎的;v.使卷曲;使发脆;n.松脆物;油炸马铃薯片; largely:adv.主要地;大部分;大量地; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; fold:v.折叠;包;可叠平(以便贮存或携带);裹;n.褶;褶层;折叠部分;褶痕;
We did that in partnership with the World Health Organization, then the CDC, then with countries all across the world to get simple messaging about staying home if you can and coughing into your elbow , washing your hands. 我们与世界卫生组织合作, 然后是疾病防治中心, 最后和全球的各个国家合作, 去传达最基础的信息, 就是让人们尽可能的呆在家里, 打喷嚏时用肘部 挡住口鼻,勤洗手。
These are basic public health messages that public health has been, frankly, even in flu season trying to get the word out , but it became, the resources at a company like a Google, and the reach to billions, it's a platform and a set of talents 这都是些基础的公共卫生信息, 实际上公共卫生部门 在流感季节 也在竭力传达这些信息, 但是这变成了 一些如谷歌这样的公司的资源, 可以传播到数十亿人中去, 这是个人才济济的平台,
elbow:n.肘;弯头;肘状物;v.用肘推;挤进;讨价还价; get the word out:把消息传开去;
that aren't even the technical , computer vision kind of stuff that you would typically think about. 不光只有科技, 计算机视觉这类 我们通常会想到的部分。
Many other companies in Silicon Valley have weighed in in the same way. 硅谷很多其它的公司 也都做出了自己的贡献。
I think similarly , we've been thinking through how we can use tools like the community mobility reports. 同样的,我们也一直在思考 如何利用社区流动性报告 之类的工具,
technical:adj.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的; vision:n.视力;美景;幻象;想象力;v.想象;显现;梦见; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本: typically:adv.代表性地;作为特色地; similarly:adv.同样地;类似于;
This is something, a business backer like we have for restaurants. 就像我们 为餐馆提供的商业资助一样。
The engineers and scientists said, what if we applied that to retail and grocery stores and transportation to get a snapshot in a community of whether people were using those areas less, 有工程师和科学家说过, 如果我们能将类似的技术应用到 零售、杂货店和交通运输上, 来得到一张社区的画像, 关于哪些地方人们比较少去,
backer:n.支持者;赞助人;援助者; what if:如果…怎么办? applied:adj.应用的;实用的;v.应用;使用;申请,请求;(apply的过去分词和过去式) retail:vt.零售;转述;vi.零售;n.零售;adv.以零售方式;adj.零售的; transportation:n.运输;运输系统;运输工具;流放; snapshot:n.快照,快相;急射,速射;简单印象;vt.给…拍快照;vi.拍快照;
whether people were adhering to local public health expectations and sheltering in place, and give that information not only to public health but to the public 人们的行为是否符合 当地的公共卫生预期, 是否做到了居家防疫, 然后把这些信息 提供给公共卫生系统, 同时也提供给公众,
to help inspire them to do more for their community as well as for themselves. 去鼓励他们为整个社区, 也为他们自己做出更好的表率。
So there has been, I think what I'm trying to say, Whitney, is I think there's a natural marriage, and COVID has been an accelerant use case to demonstrate how that can work, 我一直在想,惠特尼, 应该有一种自然结合的东西, 新冠的出现加速论证了 我们可以这样运作,
adhering:adj.附着,粘附性的;[物]粘附的; expectations:n.预料;预期;期待;希望;指望;(expectation的复数) inspire:v.激发;鼓舞;启示;产生;使生灵感; as well as:也;和…一样;不但…而且; accelerant:n.促进剂;触媒;adj.促进的;加速的;催速的; demonstrate:vt.证明;展示;论证;vi.示威;
and it is my expectation that companies like Google who, certainly for us it's in our DNA to be involved in health, will want to continue working on this going forward, 我期望像谷歌这样的公司, 能够主动参与到 公众健康的工作中去, 并希望这样的工作能持续下去,
because it's really not just good for what we need to get done in this pandemic, but public health and prevention are part and parcel of how we create opportunity and equity in all communities across the world. 因为这不光有利于 我们在这场疫情中所采取的行动, 并且公共卫生和预防措施 也是我们如何在全球所有社区中 创造机会和公平的 重要组成部分。
So I'm passionate about the work of public health and very passionate about partnership. 因此,我对公共卫生工作充满热情, 并对合作伙伴关系充满热情。
Can I just say one more thing? 我可以再补充一句吗？
WPR: Absolutely . 惠特尼:当然。
KD: Which is to say that one of the first things that I did before the pandemic started, 凯伦:那就是, 在疫情开始前, 我在早期做过的一件事情。[23:34]
prevention:n.预防;阻止;妨碍; parcel:n.包裹;小包;一块地;一片地;v.包;裹好;打包;adj.部分(时间)的;adv.局部地; equity:n.公平,公正;衡平法;普通股;抵押资产的净值; passionate:adj.热情的;热烈的,激昂的;易怒的; Absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地;
I had just started in December, and then in January, I did a listening session with consumers about what they wanted, and they said something kind of similar to what you said, which I just want to call out, and that is, they wanted partnership, they wanted transparency and they really felt like there was quite a lot that tech in general could do to help them on their health journey. 我在 12 月份加入谷歌, 然后在一月份, 我和客户做了一个聆听会议, 讨论了他们的需求, 然后他们说了一些 类似你说过的话, 我想在此强调一下, 那就是, 他们想要合作, 他们想要透明, 他们真的觉得, 科技公司还可以做 很多事, 去帮助他们踏上健康之旅。
But their ask was that we did it in a transparent way and we did it in a partnered way with them. 但他们要求我们以透明的方式, 以合作的方式进行。
And so as we move out of the pandemic, and we're thinking more about consumers, 所以即使疫情过去了, 我们开始更多地考虑客户需求,
session:n.会议;(法庭的)开庭;(议会等的)开会;学期;讲习会; transparency:n.透明,透明度;幻灯片;有图案的玻璃; transparent:adj.透明的;显然的;坦率的;易懂的;
I want to carry some of this spirit also of prevention and helpfulness and transparency into the work that we're going to continue to do for people every day. 我也希望能够 继续带着这种精神 将预防、协助 和透明化 纳入我们今后的日常工作中。