返回首页

KandiceSumner_2015X-_美国公立学校如何未能让孩子走出贫困_
I want to talk to you about my kids. 我想和你们谈谈我的孩子们,
Now, I know everyone thinks that their kid is the most fantastic , the most beautiful kid that ever lived. 而不是停下并思考: 是世界上最漂亮的。
fantastic:奇异的,空想的
But mine really are. 但是我的孩子们,他们真的是这样。
(Laughter) （笑声）
I have 696 kids, and they are the most intelligent , inventive , innovative , brilliant and powerful kids that you'll ever meet. 我有696个孩子, 他们是你见过的最聪明,最具创造力, 最有才华,最有能力的孩子。
intelligent:adj.有才智的;悟性强的;聪明的;有智力的 inventive:adj.发明的;有发明才能的;独出心裁的; innovative:adj.革新的,创新的;
Any student I've had the honor of teaching in my classroom is my kid. 任何我有幸教导过的学生,都是我的孩子。
However, because their "real" parents aren't rich and, I argue, because they are mostly of color, they will seldom get to see in themselves the awesomeness that I see in them. 但是,因为他们的亲生父母并不富裕, 而且他们大多数都是有色人种, 所以他们很少看到我眼中的 他们的闪光点。
Because what I see in them is myself -- or what would have been myself. 因为我在他们的身上看见了自己的影子, 或是说本可能是我现在的情况。
I am the daughter of two hardworking, college-educated, African-American parents who chose careers as public servants : my father, a minister; my mother, an educator. 我是两个勤奋的,有大学学历的 非裔美籍父母的女儿, 他们选择成为了人民的公仆, 我的父亲是牧师,我的母亲是教育工作者。
African-American:非洲裔美国人(指美国黑人); careers:n.职业(career的复数);事业;职业生涯;v.全速前进(career的三单形式); servants:n.仆人;服务员(servant的复数);
Wealth was never the primary ambition in our house. 财富从来都不是我们家庭的第一目标。
Wealth:n.财富;大量;富有; ambition:n.追求的目标;野心;志向;抱负;
Because of this lack of wealth, we lived in a neighborhood that lacked wealth, and henceforth a school system that lacked wealth. 因为不算富裕, 我们住在一个贫穷的社区, 因此附近的学校条件也不算很好。
neighborhood:n.附近;地区;街坊;adj.附近的; henceforth:adv.今后;自此以后;
Luckily, however, we struck the educational jackpot in a voluntary desegregation program that buses inner-city kids -- black and brown -- out to suburban schools -- rich and white. 幸运的是,当时我们中了教育的大奖, 他们启动了一个无偿废除种族歧视的项目, 把城市内黑皮肤和棕皮肤的孩子, 接送到到城郊富裕的白人学校读书。
educational:adj.教育的;有关教育的;有教育意义的 jackpot:n.头奖;累积赌注;十分成功;adj.头奖的;累积赌注的;大笔收入的; voluntary:adj.自愿的;志愿的;自发的;故意的;n.志愿者;自愿行动; desegregation:n.废止种族歧视; inner-city:n.(居民拥挤,住屋破旧的)市中心平民区;adj.市中心的; suburban:adj.郊区的,城郊的;土气的;见闻不广的;n.郊区居民;
At five years old, I had to take an hour-long bus ride to a faraway place to get a better education. 五岁时,我要乘一个小时的巴士, 到很远的地方, 接受更好的教育。
hour-long:一个小时时间; faraway:adj.遥远的;恍惚的;
At five years old, I thought everyone had a life just like mine. 五岁的时候,我以为每个人的生活都跟我一样。
I thought everyone went to school and were the only ones using the brown crayons to color in their family portraits , while everyone else was using the peach-colored ones. 我以为每个人都会去学校上学, 但是就只有我一个人用棕色蜡笔 给家庭画像上色, 而其他人都是用浅色蜡笔的。
portraits:n.肖像;半身照;详细的描述;描绘;(portrait的复数) peach-colored:adj.桃色的;
At five years old, I thought everyone was just like me. 五岁的时候,我以为每个人都跟我一样。
But as I got older, I started noticing things, like: 但当我长大了,我开始意识到一些事情,比如:
How come my neighborhood friend don't have to wake up at five o'clock in the morning, and go to a school that's an hour away? 为什么邻居家的小伙伴不用 在早上五点起床, 去一小时车程外的学校？
How come I'm learning to play the violin while my neighborhood friends don't even have a music class? 为什么我能学习演奏小提琴, 而邻居家的小伙伴连音乐课都没有？
Why were my neighborhood friends learning and reading material that I had done two to three years prior ? 为什么邻居家小伙伴的学习和阅读材料 我在两三年前就学过了？
prior:adj.先前的; n.(小隐修院)院长; v.居先;
See, as I got older, 随着年龄的增长,
I started to have this unlawful feeling in my belly , like I was doing something that I wasn't supposed to be doing; taking something that wasn't mine; receiving a gift, but with someone else's name on it. 我开始产生一些负罪感, 像是我在做一些我不该做的事情, 拿走一些不属于我的东西; 收到一份 写着别人名字的礼物。
unlawful:adj.非法的;私生的; belly:n.腹部;胃;食欲;v.涨满;鼓起; supposed:adj.误信的;所谓的;v.认为;假设;设想;(suppose的过去分词和过去式)
All these amazing things that I was being exposed to and experiencing, 我能接触到的所有这些美好的事情, 我都觉得
exposed:adj.无遮蔽的; v.暴露; (expose的过去分词和过去式)
I felt I wasn't really supposed to have. 超越了我应有的权利。
I wasn't supposed to have a library, fully equipped athletic facilities , or safe fields to play in. 我不应该有权进入图书馆、使用装配齐全的健身器械, 甚至在安全场地玩耍的权利都没有。
athletic:adj.健壮的;体育运动的;田径运动的 facilities:n.设施;设备;特别装置;特色;场所;(facility的复数)
I wasn't supposed to have theatre departments with seasonal plays and concerts -- digital , visual , performing arts . 我们不应该有 拥有定期戏剧,演唱会, 数字化视觉表演艺术的戏剧学院。
seasonal:adj.季节的;周期性的;依照季节的; digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; visual:adj.视觉的,视力的;栩栩如生的; performing arts:n.表演艺术;
I wasn't supposed to have fully resourced biology or chemistry labs , school buses that brought me door-to-door , freshly prepared school lunches or even air conditioning . 我本应无权进入有着齐全设备的生物和化学实验室, 无权上挨家挨户载学生的校车, 不应享用新鲜的学校午餐, 甚至是空调。
resourced:adj.实力雄厚的;钱财充足的;设施优良的; biology:n.(一个地区全部的)生物;生物学; labs:n.实验室;实验大楼;(lab的复数) door-to-door:v.送货上门地; adj.送货上门的; freshly:adv.新近;精神饱满地; air conditioning:n.空调系统;空气调节;
These are things my kids don't get. 这些都是我的孩子们没有的。
You see, as I got older, while I was grateful for this amazing opportunity that I was being given, there was this ever-present pang of: 长大后, 虽然我对这些难得的机会 感到感激, 但依旧有一些无法消散的痛楚:
ever-present:adj.经常存在的;始终存在的; pang:n.(肉体上)剧痛;苦闷;(精神上)一阵极度的痛苦;vt.使剧痛;折磨;
But what about everyone else? 其他人怎么办呢？
There are thousands of other kids just like me, who deserve this, too. 有上千个和我一样的孩子, 他们也应该得到这样的机会。
deserve:vi.应受,应得;
Why doesn't everyone get this? 为什么不是所有人都有这个机会呢？
Why is a high-quality education only exclusive to the rich? 为什么高质量教育仅限于富人？
high-quality:adj.高质量的; exclusive:adj.独有的;排外的;专一的;n.独家新闻;独家经营的项目;排外者;
It was like I had some sort of survivor's remorse . 我好像心存一些幸存者的怜悯,
remorse:n.懊悔;同情;
All of my neighborhood friends were experiencing an educational train wreck that I was saved from through a bus ride. 我所有邻居家的小伙伴都在经历 一场教育界的脱轨, 而我却乘坐着巴士,幸存了下来。
wreck:n.严重损毁人或物;沉船;v.破坏;损坏;毁掉;使遇难;
I was like an educational Moses screaming, "Let my people go ... 我就像是教育界的摩西（圣经中犹太人的古代领袖）,大声呼喊, “让我的人民
Moses:n.摩西(《圣经》故事中犹太人古代领袖);立法者;领导者;
to high-quality schools!" 走向高质量教育！”
(Laughter) （笑声）
I'd seen firsthand how the other half was being treated and educated. 我亲眼见证过其他人是如何被对待,被教育的。
firsthand:adj.直接的;直接采购的;直接得来的;adv.直接地; other half:n.另一半(指配偶或男友,女友); treated:v.以…态度对待;把…看作;(treat的过去分词和过去式)
I'd seen the educational promised land , and I could not for the life of me justify the disparity . 我见过有高质量教育保证的环境, 我要纠正这种不公,不是为了我自己。
promised land:n.福地;乐土;安乐境界; justify:v.证明合法;整理版面;替…辩护; disparity:n.不同;不一致;不等;
I now teach in the very same school system from which I sought refuge . 现在,我在一所和当年自己接受教育庇护前的学校类似的学校执教,
sought:v.seek(寻求、寻找)的过去式和过去分词形式; refuge:n.避难所;庇护;慰藉;庇护者;v.避难;(古)庇护;
I know firsthand the tools that were given to me as a student, and now as a teacher, I don't have access to those same tools to give my students. 我亲身知晓那些在学生时代教给我的东西, 现在,作为一名老师,我却没有能力把相同的东西 教给我的学生。
There have been countless nights when I've cried in frustration , anger and sorrow, because I can't teach my kids the way that I was taught, because I don't have access to the same resources or tools that were used to teach me. 无数个夜晚,我在沮丧, 愤怒, 和悲伤中哭泣, 因为我无法用我被教育的那种方式来教育我的孩子们, 因为我接触不到那些曾经在我接受教育时用到的 资源和工具。
countless:adj.无数的;数不尽的; frustration:n.挫折; resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
My kids deserve so much better. 我的孩子们本应得到更好的教育。
We sit and we keep banging our heads against this term: "Achievement gap , achievement gap!" 我们不断为这个概念而苦恼: “成绩差距,成绩差距！”
banging:v.猛敲;砸;(把…)砰的关上;猛摔;砰地一扔;(bang的现在分词) gap:n.差距;间隙;缺口;间隔;v.使豁裂;豁开;
Is it really that hard to understand why these kids perform well and these kids don't? 理解一下为什么有些孩子表现良好, 而有些表现不好,真的很难吗？
I mean, really. 真是这样吗？
I think we've got it all wrong. 我觉得我们都搞错了。
I think we, as Gloria Ladson-Billings says, should flip our paradigm and our language and call it what it really is. 我认为我们, 正如格洛丽亚?兰德森?比林斯说的一样, 应该颠覆我们的思维和表述方式,做到名如其实。
flip:n.浏览;空翻;轻抛;捻掷;v.迅速翻动;按(开关);按(按钮);开(或关)(机器等); paradigm:n.范例;词形变化表;
It's not an achievement gap; it's an education debt , for all of the foregone schooling resources that were never invested in the education of the black and brown child over time. 这不是成绩差距, 这是教育负债, 那些我们之前放弃在黑皮肤和 棕皮肤的孩子身上投资教育资源的负债。
debt:n.债务;借款;罪过; foregone:adj.过去的;先前的;预知的;预先决定的;v.发生在…之前(forego的过去分词); invested:v.投资;投入;(invest的过去分词和过去式)
A little-known secret in American history is that the only American institution created specifically for people of color is the American slave trade -- and some would argue the prison system, but that's another topic for another TED Talk. 美国历史上一个鲜为人知的秘密, 唯一一个为有色人种创造的美国机构, 就是美国奴隶交易市场—— 有些人可能会说,还有监狱系统, 但那就是另外一个TED演讲的主题了。
little-known:鲜为人知的; institution:n.制度;建立;(社会或宗教等)公共机构;习俗; specifically:adv.特别地;明确地; slave trade:n.(尤指17–19世纪的)奴隶买卖;
(Laughter) （笑声）
The public school system of this country was built, bought and paid for using commerce generated from the slave trade and slave labor. 这个国家的公立学校系统是使用 奴隶交易和奴隶劳动的资源建立起来的。
public school:(美国和苏格兰的初等或中等的)公立中小学;寄宿学校; commerce:n.商业;(尤指国际间的)贸易;商务; generated:v.产生;引起;(generate的过去式和过去分词)
While African-Americans were enslaved and prohibited from schooling, their labor established the very institution from which they were excluded . 当非裔美国人被奴役并被禁止上学, 用他们的劳动建立起来的机构 却把他们排除在外。
enslaved:v.使成为奴隶;奴役;使受控制;(enslave的过去分词和过去式) prohibited:v.禁止(prohibit的过去分词形式);adj.被禁止的; established:adj.已确立的;著名的;v.建立;创立;设立;(establish的过去分词和过去式) excluded:v.排除;拒绝;把…除外;驱除;(excluded是exclude的过去分词)
Ever since then, every court case, educational policy , reform , has been an attempt to retrofit the design, rather than just stopping and acknowledging: we've had it all wrong from the beginning. 从那时起,每个法案、教育政策和改革 都尝试改变这个设计, 而不是停下并思考: 我们从一开始就是错的。
policy:n.政策,方针;保险单; reform:v.改革;改进;改良;(使)悔改;n.改革;改良;改善; attempt:n.企图,试图;攻击;v.企图,试图;尝试; retrofit:vt.改进;[计]更新;式样翻新;n.式样翻新;花样翻新;
An oversimplification of American educational history. 一个过于简化的美国教育史。
oversimplification:n.过度单纯化;过分简单化;
All right, just bear with me. 好的,听仔细了。
Blacks were kept out -- you know, the whole slavery thing. 黑人被排除在外,很显然,因为奴隶制的原因。
slavery:n.奴隶制;奴隶身份;蓄奴;adj.流口水的;被口水弄脏的;
With the help of philanthropic white people, they built their own schools. 通过白人慈善的帮助, 他们建造了自己的学校。
philanthropic:adj.博爱的;仁慈的;
Separate but equal was OK. 分开的,平等的体系,还不赖。
But while we all know things were indeed separate, they were in no ways equal. 但是我们知道,真实情况是,的确是分开的, 但却是不平等的体系。
Enter Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas in 1954; legal separation of the races is now illegal . 1954年发生了棕色人种和堪萨斯州托皮卡教育协会的斗争; 种族区分变得不再合法了。
Kansas:n.堪萨斯州(美国州名); separation:n.分离;分开;分割;隔离; illegal:adj.不合法的;非法的;n.非法移民;非法劳工;
But very few people pay attention to all of the court cases since then, that have undone the educational promised land for every child that Brown v. Board intended . 但很少有人注意到后来所有 并未实现那场斗争意图实现的 理想中的高等教育的法庭案件。
pay attention to:注意 intended:adj.预定的;计划的;v.打算;计划;想要;(intend的过去分词和过去式)
Some argue that today our schools are now more segregated than they ever were before we tried to desegregate them in the first place . 有些人会说,我们今天的学校种族隔离 要比我们尝试废除种族隔离之前更严重。
segregated:adj.被隔离的;v.隔离(segregate的过去式);分离; desegregate:vt.使…废止种族隔离;vi.废止种族隔离; in the first place:首先;起初;
Teaching my kids about desegregation, the Little Rock Nine, the Civil Rights Movement , is a real awkward moment in my classroom, when I have to hear the voice of a child ask, "If schools were desegregated in 1954, how come there are no white kids here?" 教导我的孩子们废除种族隔离,小石城事件（1954法案导火索）, 民权运动, 是我的课堂里最尴尬的时刻, 因为我会听到一个孩子问: “如果学校在1954年就废除了种族隔离, 为什么这里没有白人孩子呢？”
Civil Rights Movement:n.(美国)民权运动(20世纪50年代和60年代非裔美国人争取平等权利的运动); awkward:adj.尴尬的;笨拙的;棘手的;不合适的; desegregated:vt.使…废止种族隔离;vi.废止种族隔离;
(Laughter) （笑声）
These kids aren't dumb . 这些孩子不傻。
dumb:adj.哑的,无说话能力的;不说话的,无声音的;
They know exactly what's happening, and what's not. 他们知道什么发生了, 而什么没发生。
They know that when it comes to schooling, black lives don't matter and they never have. 他们知道谈到教育, 黑人的情况不重要, 而且他们从来都不重要。
For years, I tried desperately to cultivate in my kids a love of reading. 几年来,我竭尽全力教导我的孩子爱上阅读。
desperately:adv.拼命地;绝望地;不顾一切地;极度地; cultivate:vt.培养;陶冶;耕作;
I'd amassed a modest classroom library of books I'd accumulated from secondhand shops, thrift stores, attics -- you know. 我用那些从二手书店,捐赠品商店 和阁楼收集到的书 建造了一个简易的教室图书馆。
amassed:vt.积聚,积累; modest:adj.些许的;谦虚的; accumulated:v.积累;积聚;(数量)逐渐增加;(accumulate的过去式和过去分词) secondhand:adj.二手的;旧的;间接获得的;做旧货生意的;adv.间接地;间接听来;以旧货; thrift:n.节俭;节约;[植]海石竹; attics:n.(紧靠屋顶的)阁楼,顶楼(attic的复数)
But whenever I said those dreadful words, "Take out a book and read," 但是当我说出这些可怕的文字 “拿出一本书去读”的时候,
dreadful:adj.可怕的;糟透的,令人不快的;
you'd think I'd just declared war. 你会觉得我好像宣布了战争。
It was torture . 这是折磨。
torture:v.折磨;拷问;歪曲;n.折磨;拷问;歪曲;
One day, after I'd heard about this website called DonorsChoose, where classroom teachers create wish lists of items they need for their classroom and anonymous donors fulfill them, 一天, 我听说一个网站,叫做捐赠者的选择, 老师能够创建一个愿望单 列出他们需要放在教室里的东西, 然后匿名捐赠者就会满足他们的愿望,
items:n.项目;一件商品(或物品);一则,一条(新闻)(item的复数) anonymous:adj.匿名的,无名的;无个性特征的; donors:n.捐赠人(donor的复数);[电子]施主; fulfill:v.执行,贯彻;完成,实现;兑现;达到;起到;
I figured I'd go out on a limb and just make a wish list of the teenager's dream library. 我觉得我应该尝试一下,于是就列了一个 少年梦想图书馆的愿望单。
go out on a limb:爬高枝;担风险;冒险; wish list:n.希望一览表(指所有希望得到的东西或全部希望发生的事情);
Over 200 brand-new books were sent to my room piece by piece. 超过200本新书一本本被送到了我的教室。
brand-new:adj.崭新的;最近获得的;
Every day there were new deliveries and my kids would exclaim with glee , "This feels like Christmas!" 每天都会有新包裹送来,我的孩子们就会高兴地欢呼: “这就像过圣诞节！”
deliveries:n.[贸易]交货(delivery的复数);已交付; exclaim:v.欢呼;大声疾呼;咕噜着说;抗声道; glee:n.快乐;欢欣;重唱歌曲;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Then they'd say, "Ms. Sumner, where did these books come from?" 然后他们会说, “萨姆纳老师,这些书是哪里来的？”
And then I'd reply, "Strangers from all over the country wanted you to have these." 然后我回答: “来自全国的陌生人,他们想让你们拥有这些书。”
And then they'd say, almost suspiciously , "But they're brand-new." 然后他们会很怀疑的说, “但是它们是崭新的。”
suspiciously:adv.怀疑地;猜疑地;
(Laughter) （笑声）
To which I'd reply, "You deserve brand-new books." 对此,我会回答, “你们应该得到崭新的书籍。”
The whole experience hit home for me when one of my girls, as she peeled open a crisp paperback said, "Ms. Sumner -- you know, I figured you bought these books, 'cause you teachers are always buying us stuff . 当我的一个姑娘这么说时,我深受触动, 当她打开书本的包装时说, “萨姆纳老师,我知道是你买了这些书, 因为你们老师总是给我们买东西。
crisp:adj.脆的;新鲜的;易碎的;v.使卷曲;使发脆;n.松脆物;油炸马铃薯片; paperback:n.平装书;简装书; stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
But to know that a stranger, someone I don't even know, cares this much about me is pretty cool." 但是得知是一个我不认识的陌生人 这么关心我, 其实挺酷的。”
Knowing that strangers will take care of you is a privilege my kids aren't afforded . 知道会等到陌生人的照顾, 是我的孩子们承受不起的特权。
privilege:n.特权;优待;v.给与…特权;特免; afforded:vt.给予,提供;买得起;
Ever since the donation , there has been a steady stream of kids signing out books to take home, and then returning them with the exclamation , "This one was good!" 自从那次捐赠以后, 孩子们陆续登记把书带回家, 并激动的归还它们, “这本真棒！”
donation:n.捐赠;捐赠物;赠送; steady:adj.稳定的; v.使稳定; v.稳定地; n.关系固定的情侣; exclamation:n.感叹;惊叫;惊叹词;
(Laughter) （笑声）
Now when I say, "Take out a book and read," 现在当我说,“拿本书去看”的时候,
kids rush to my library. 孩子们会迫不及待冲到我的图书馆。
It wasn't that they didn't want to read, but instead, they'd gladly read if the resources were there. 并不是他们不想读书, 相反,如果有资源,他们会很享受阅读。
gladly:adv.乐意地;高兴地;欢喜地;
Institutionally speaking, our public school system has never done right by the black and brown child. 官方点说, 我们的公立学校系统未曾满足过黑皮肤和棕皮肤孩子们的需求。
Institutionally:制度的;惯例的;规定的;
We keep focusing on the end results or test results, and getting frustrated . 我们持续关注结果, 或者考试成绩, 然后被打击。
frustrated:adj.失意的,挫败的;泄气的;v.挫败;阻挠;(frustrate的过去式和过去分词)
We get to a catastrophe and we wonder, "How did it get so bad? How did we get here?" 我们陷入灾难,然后思考, “为何会变得这么糟的,我们是如何走到这一步的？”
catastrophe:n.大灾难;大祸;惨败;
Really? 这真的有用吗？
If you neglect a child long enough, you no longer have the right to be surprised when things don't turn out well. 如果你忽视一个孩子太久, 你就没有权利为糟糕的结果 感到惊讶。
neglect:v.忽视;忽略;疏忽;疏于照顾;n.忽视;忽略;未被重视;
Stop being perplexed or confused or befuddled by the achievement gap, the income gap, the incarceration rates, or whatever socioeconomic disparity is the new "it" term for the moment. 不要再疑惑, 迷茫, 困惑, 因为成绩差距, 收入差距, 犯罪几率, 或者任何社会经济学中表达不平等的术语。
perplexed:adj.困惑的;不知所措的; confused:adj.困惑的; v.使糊涂; (confuse的过去分词和过去式) befuddled:adj.迷糊的;糊涂的;v.使迷惑;使困惑;(befuddle的过去式和过去分词) incarceration:n.监禁;下狱;禁闭; socioeconomic:adj.社会经济学的;
The problems we have as a country are the problems we created as a country. 我们国家的问题, 正是我们自身创造的问题。
The quality of your education is directly proportionate to your access to college, your access to jobs, your access to the future. 教育的质量是和 你的大学, 你的工作, 还有你的未来直接挂钩的。
directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就; proportionate:adj.成比例的;相称的;适当的;vt.使成比例;使相称;
Until we live in a world where every kid can get a high-quality education no matter where they live, or the color of their skin, there are things we can do on a macro level. 在我们能让每个孩子,无论他们住在哪里, 无论肤色, 都能够得到高质量教育之前, 放眼整个社会,我们还有很多任务要完成。
macro:adj.巨大的,大量的;n.宏,巨(计算机术语);
School funding should not be decided by property taxes or some funky economic equation where rich kids continue to benefit from state aid, while poor kids are continuously having food and resources taken from their mouths. 学校的资金不应该由资产税, 或一些时髦的经济公式决定, 让富人孩子持续受益于州政府经济扶持, 而穷人孩子的食物和资源 却被持续的夺走。
funding:n.基金;资金;提供资金;v.为…提供资金;拨款给;(fund的现在分词) funky:adj.时髦的;畏缩的;恶臭的; equation:n.方程式,等式;相等;[化学]反应式; continuously:adv.连续不断地;
Governors, senators , mayors , city council members -- if we're going to call public education public education, then it should be just that. 州长,参议员,市长,市议员—— 如果我们把公立教育叫做公立教育, 那它应该就是这样。
senators:n.参议员(senator的复数); mayors:市长; council:n.(市、郡等的)政务委员会;市政(或地方管理)服务机构;
Otherwise, we should call it what it really is: poverty insurance . 要不然,它就该名如其实的被称作: 贫困保险。
poverty:n.贫困;困难;缺少;低劣; insurance:n.保险;保险业;保险费;保费;adj.胜券在握的;
'"Public education: keeping poor kids poor since 1954." “公立教育的定义: 从1954年,让穷孩子持续贫困。”
(Laughter) （笑声）
If we really, as a country, believe that education is the "great equalizer ," 如果,作为一个国家,我们真的相信教育是“伟大的平衡器”,
equalizer:n.均衡器,[电]平衡器;平衡装置;使相等的东西;
then it should be just that: equal and equitable . 那教育就应该是公正平等的。
equitable:adj.公平的,公正的;平衡法的;
Until then, there's no democracy in our democratic education. 直到今天,我们的民主教育还并不民主。
democracy:n.民主,民主主义;民主政治; democratic:adj.民主的;民主政治的;大众的;
On a mezzo level: historically speaking, the education of the black and brown child has always depended on the philanthropy of others. 客观来说, 从历史角度上,黑皮肤和棕皮肤孩子的教育 一直都建立在他人的慈善之上。
mezzo:adj.(意)一半的;中央的;adv.(意)一半;中央;n.次高音;女中音; historically:adv.历史上地;从历史观点上说; philanthropy:n.博爱,慈善;慈善事业;
And unfortunately , today it still does. 不幸的是,至今都没改变。
unfortunately:adv.不幸地;
If your son or daughter or niece or nephew or neighbor or little Timmy down the street goes to an affluent school, challenge your school committee to adopt an impoverished school or an impoverished classroom. 如果你们的儿子,女儿,侄子,侄女或者邻居, 或者街尾的小蒂米 去了一个富裕的学校, 挑战他们学校的委员会,让他们接收一个贫困的学校, 或者一个简陋的教室。
niece:n.外甥女,侄女; affluent:adj.富裕的;丰富的;流畅的;n.支流;富人; committee:n.委员会; adopt:v.采取;接受;收养;正式通过; impoverished:adj.穷困的;用尽了的,无创造性的;v.使贫困(impoverish的过去分词);
Close the divide by engaging in communication and relationships that matter. 利用这些意义重大的沟通和关系 来结束分离。
engaging:adj.有趣的; v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣); (engage的现在分词)
When resources are shared, they're not divided; they're multiplied . 当资源被共享, 他们就不再被隔离, 就等同资源的倍增。
multiplied:v.乘;乘以;成倍增加;(使)繁殖,增殖;(multiply的过去分词和过去式)
And on a micro level: if you're a human being, donate . 具体点来说: 如果你是一个人类, 去捐赠吧。
micro:adj.极小的;基本的;微小的;n.<口>微型计算机;微处理器; donate:v.赠送;献(血);捐献(器官);
Time, money, resources, opportunities -- whatever is in your heart. 时间,金钱,资源,机会—— 在你心中的,无论是什么东西。
There are websites like DonorsChoose that recognize the disparity and actually want to do something about it. 有像“捐赠者的选择”这样的网站, 它们意识到了不平等, 并且真的想要为之做些什么。
recognize:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;
What is a carpenter with no tools? 木匠没有工具还是木匠吗？
carpenter:n.木匠,木工;vi.当木匠,制作;
What is an actress with no stage? 演员没有舞台还是演员吗？
What is a scientist with no laboratory ? 科学家没有实验室还算科学家吗？
laboratory:n.实验室,研究室;
What is a doctor with no equipment? 医生没有设备能成为医生吗？
I'll tell you: they're my kids. 让我告诉你们: 他们是我的孩子。
Shouldn't they be your kids, too? 但他们不也是你们的孩子吗？
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （鼓掌）