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KamalMeattle_2009U-_怎么样生产新鲜空气_
Some 17 years ago, I became allergic to Delhi 's air. 大约17年前,我开始对德里的空气过敏。
allergic:adj.对…过敏的;对…极讨厌的; Delhi:n.德里(印度城市名);
My doctors told me that my lung capacity had gone down to 70 percent, and it was killing me. 我的医生告诉我,我的肺活量 已经减少到原来的70%, 这样下去会有生命危险。
capacity:n.能力;容量;资格,地位;生产力;
With the help of IIT, 在印度理工学院、印度塔塔能源研究所的帮助下,利用美国国家航空航天局的研究成果,
TERI, and learnings from NASA, we discovered that there are three basic green plants, common green plants, with which we can grow all the fresh air we need indoors to keep us healthy. 在印度理工学院、印度塔塔能源研究所的帮助下,利用美国国家航空航天局的研究成果, 我们发现有三种 基本的绿色植物, 普通的绿色植物,利用它们 我们可以生产出 我们在室内所需的新鲜空气,以保证我们的身体健康。
indoors:adv.在室内,在户内;
We've also found that you can reduce the fresh air requirements into the building, while maintaining industry indoor air-quality standards . 我们还发现这样可以 减少建筑物对室外新鲜空气流入的需求 同时保持 室内空气质量标准。
maintaining:n.维护;保养;v.维持;保养;(maintain的现在分词) standards:n.标准,水平,规格(standard的复数)
The three plants are Areca palm , 这三种植物是:散尾葵、
palm:n.手掌;手心;棕榈树;v.把…藏在手中(尤指玩戏法);
Mother-in-Law's Tongue and money plant. 虎尾兰和绿萝。
The botanical names are in front of you. 幻灯片上有它们的学名。
botanical:adj.植物学的;n.植物性药材;
Areca palm is a plant which removes CO2 and converts it into oxygen. 散尾葵是一种 吸收二氧化碳,并将其转化为氧气的植物。
converts:vt.使转变; vi.转变,变换; n.皈依者;
We need four shoulder-high plants per person, and in terms of plant care, we need to wipe the leaves every day in Delhi, and perhaps once a week in cleaner-air cities. 我们平均每个人需要四株齐肩高的植株。 在植物养护方面, 我们需要将树叶擦拭干净, 在德里的话,每天都需要擦。 空气干净些的城市可能一周一次就可以了。
shoulder-high:adj.齐肩高的;adv.齐肩高地; wipe:v.擦;抹;拭;消除;n.擦;拭;揩;(湿)抹布;
We had to grow them in vermi manure , which is sterile , or hydroponics , and take them outdoors every three to four months. 我们得用蚯蚓粪为它们施肥, 这种方法是无菌的;或者用水栽培, 并且每三到四个月将植物移至户外晒晒太阳。
manure:vt.施肥于;耕种;n.肥料;粪肥; sterile:adj.不育的;无菌的;贫瘠的;不毛的;枯燥乏味的; hydroponics:n.水栽培,水耕法;[植]溶液培养学;
The second plant is Mother-in-law's Tongue, which is again a very common plant, and we call it a bedroom plant, because it converts CO2 into oxygen at night. 第二种植物是虎尾兰, 它也是一种常见的植物, 我们称它为卧室植物, 因为它在会在夜间将二氧化碳转化为氧气。
And we need six to eight waist-high plants per person. 我们每个人需要六到八株高度及腰的这种植物。
waist-high:adj.高及腰际的,齐腰高的;adv.高及腰际地;
The third plant is money plant, and this is again a very common plant; preferably grows in hydroponics. 第三种植物是绿萝, 同样是一种十分常见的植物。 适于用水栽培。
preferably:adv.较好;宁可,宁愿;更适宜;
And this particular plant removes formaldehydes and other volatile chemicals . 这种植物可以吸收甲醛 和其他挥发性化学物质。
formaldehydes:n.蚁醛,[有化]甲醛; volatile:adj.[化学]挥发性的;不稳定的;爆炸性的;反覆无常的;n.挥发物;有翅的动物; chemicals:n.化学制品;化学品;(chemical的复数)
With these three plants, you can grow all the fresh air you need. 有了这三种植物, 你可以生产出你需要的所有的新鲜空气。
In fact, you could be in a bottle with a cap on top, and you would not die at all, and you would not need any fresh air. 实际上,你甚至可以住在一个瓶子中, 盖上瓶盖,你也死不了。 并且你也不需要任何外面的新鲜空气。
We have tried these plants at our own building in Delhi, which is a 50,000-square-feet, 20-year-old building. 我们在德里的办公大楼里试验了这些植物, 我们在德里的办公大楼里试验了这些植物, 那是一个5万平方英尺,有20年历史的建筑。
And it has close to 1,200 such plants for 300 occupants . 建筑里有300位居住者,放置了近1200棵这样的植物。
occupants:n.居住者;购买者;租赁人(occupant的复数);
Our studies have found that there is a 42 percent probability of one's blood oxygen going up by one percent if one stays indoors in this building for 10 hours. 我们的研究发现 如果一个人在这栋建筑中待上10个小时的话,他的血氧含量提升一个百分点的概率达42%。 如果一个人在这栋建筑中待上10个小时的话,他的血氧含量提升一个百分点的概率达42%。 如果一个人在这栋建筑中待上10个小时的话,他的血氧含量提升一个百分点的概率达42%。
probability:n.可能性;机率;[数]或然率;
The government of India has discovered or published a study to show that this is the healthiest building in New Delhi. 印度政府已经发现 并公布了一项研究显示 这是整个新德里最健康的建筑。
And the study showed that, compared to other buildings, there is a reduced incidence of eye irritation by 52 percent, respiratory systems by 34 percent, headaches by 24 percent, lung impairment by 12 percent and asthma by nine percent. 并且研究表明 与其他建筑相比, 楼里的居民眼部过敏的情形减少了52%。 楼里的居民眼部过敏的情形减少了52%。 呼吸系统问题减少了34%, 头疼症状减少24%, 肺功能障碍降低12%, 哮喘减少9%。
compared:adj.比较的,对照的; v.相比; (compare的过去式和过去分词) incidence:n.发生率;影响;[光]入射;影响范围; irritation:n.刺激;激怒,恼怒,生气;兴奋;令人恼火的事; respiratory:adj.呼吸的; impairment:n.损伤,损害; asthma:n.[内科][中医]哮喘,气喘;
And this study has been published on September 8, 2008, and it's available on the government of India website. 这项研究已经于2008年9月8日发表了, 可以从印度政府的网站上下载。
Our experience points to an amazing increase in human productivity by over 20 percent by using these plants. 根据我们的经验, 利用这些植物,工作效率获得了20%的惊人提高。 利用这些植物,工作效率获得了20%的惊人提高。
productivity:n.生产力;生产率;生产能力;
And also a reduction in energy requirements in buildings by an outstanding 15 percent, because you need less fresh air. 建筑物的能源需求也大幅下降了15%, 因为不再需要从室外注入那么多新鲜空气了。
reduction:n.减少;缩小;降低;减价;折扣;缩图; outstanding:adj.优秀的;杰出的;出色的;v.突出;离港;向海上;停留(outstand的现在分词)
We are now replicating this in a 1.75-million-square-feet building, which will have 60,000 indoor plants. 我们现在正将这个模式复制到 一个一百七十五万平方英尺的建筑中, 那里将会放置六万株室内植物。
replicating:n.八音阶间隔的反复音; adj.复制的; v.复制(replicate的ing形式);
Why is this important? 为什么这个研究值得重视？
It is also important for the environment, because the world's energy requirements are expected to grow by 30 percent in the next decade. 它对自然环境也有很大意义, 因为预计在未来的十年中, 世界的能源需求 将以30%的速度增长。
40 percent of the world's energy is taken up by buildings currently , and 60 percent of the world's population will be living in buildings in cities with a population of over one million in the next 15 years. 目前,40%的世界能源是被建筑物消耗掉的, 目前,40%的世界能源是被建筑物消耗掉的, 在未来的十五年,60%世界人口将居住在人口超百万的大城市里。 在未来的十五年,60%世界人口将居住在人口超百万的大城市里。 在未来的十五年,60%世界人口将居住在人口超百万的大城市里。
currently:adv.当前;一般地;
And there is a growing preference for living and working in air-conditioned places. 而且有越来越多的人喜欢 在空调间生活和工作。
preference:n.偏爱;爱好;喜爱;偏爱的事物; air-conditioned:adj.备有空调装置的; v.给…装上空调器;
'"Be the change you want to see in the world," 欲变世界,先变其身。
said Mahatma Gandhi . 这是圣雄甘地说的。
Mahatma:n.大圣;超人; Gandhi:n.甘地(印度政府,社会和宗教领袖);
And thank you for listening. 感谢各位的听我的讲座。
(Applause) （掌声）