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JunWang_2017-_数字dna如何助你实现更好的健康选择_
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| Today I'm here, actually, to pose you a question. |
今天我在这里给大家抛出一个问题 |
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pose:v.引起; n.装腔作势; (为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势;
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| What is life? |
什么是生命 |
| It has been really puzzling me for more than 25 years, and will probably continue doing so for the next 25 years. |
这个问题困扰了我至少25年 可能在未来的25年内依然如此 |
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puzzling:adj.使为难的;费解的;v.迷惑;使困惑;(puzzle的现在分词)
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| This is the thesis I did when I was still in undergraduate school. |
这是我在念本科时做的论文 |
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thesis:n.论文;论点; undergraduate:n.本科生;
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| While my colleagues still treated computers as big calculators , |
当我的同学们依然拿 电脑作为大型计算器使用 |
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colleagues:n.同事;同行(colleague的复数); treated:v.以…态度对待;把…看作;(treat的过去分词和过去式) calculators:n.[计]计算器(calculator的复数);
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| I started to teach computers to learn. |
我已经开始思考如何教电脑学习 |
| I built digital lady beetles and tried to learn from real lady beetles, just to do one thing: search for food. |
我构建了一个数字化瓢虫 试图从自然界的瓢虫那里学习一件事 觅食 |
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digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键; beetles:n.甲虫;v.快速移动;(beetle的第三人称单数和复数)
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| And after very simple neural network -- genetic algorithms and so on -- look at the pattern. |
通过一个简单的神经网络 比如遗传算法等 来观察这个模型 |
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neural network:n.神经网络; genetic:adj.基因的;遗传学的;
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| They're almost identical to real life. |
它几乎和活生生的瓢虫没有区别 |
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identical:adj.同一的;完全相同的;n.完全相同的事物;
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| A very striking learning experience for a twenty-year-old. |
对20岁的我来说这是非常震撼的体验 |
| Life is a learning program. |
生命本身就是一套学习程序 |
| When you look at all of this wonderful world, every species has its own learning program. |
纵观大千世界 每个物种都有自己的学习程序 |
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species:n.[生物]物种;种类;
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| The learning program is genome , and the code of that program is DNA. |
这个程序就是 基因组 程序的代码就是 DNA |
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genome:n.基因组;染色体组;
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| The different genomes of each species represent different survival strategies . |
每个物种的不同基因 代表了不同的生存策略 |
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genomes:n.[遗]基因组(genome复数); represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送; survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物; strategies:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略;(strategy的复数)
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| They represent hundreds of millions of years of evolution . |
也代表了数亿年的进化演变 |
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evolution:n.演变;进化;发展;渐进;
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| The interaction between every species' ancestor and the environment. |
以及物种的祖先和环境的 相互作用 |
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interaction:n.[计]交互,相互作用;相互交流;干扰;
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| I was really fascinated about the world, about the DNA, about, you know, the language of life, the program of learning. |
我十分着迷于这个世界 着迷于DNA 生命的语言 还有学习程序 |
| So I decided to co-found the institute to read them. |
所以我决定跟人合作建立 一个机构来解读它们 |
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institute:v.开始(调查);制定;创立;提起(诉讼);n.学会,协会;学院;
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| I read many of them. |
我做了很多相关研究 |
| We probably read more than half of the prior animal genomes in the world. |
我们可能已经解读了世界上 超过一半动物的基因 |
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prior:adj.先前的; n.(小隐修院)院长; v.居先;
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| I mean, up to date . |
到目前为止 |
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up to date:adj.最新的;最近的;现代的;
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| We did learn a lot. |
我们收获了很多 |
| We did sequence , also, one species many, many times ... |
我们对一个物种进行了多次基因测序 |
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sequence:n.顺序; v.按顺序排列;
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| human genome. |
包括人类基因组 |
| We sequenced the first Asian. |
我们完成了第一个 亚洲人基因组的测序 |
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sequenced:[数][计]序列;
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| I sequenced it myself many, many times, just to take advantage of that platform . |
我对自己的基因也进行了多次测序 为了充分利用这个平台 |
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take advantage of:利用; platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处;
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| Look at all those repeating base pairs: |
看看所有这些重复出现的碱基对 |
| ATCG. ATCG |
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| You don't understand anything there. |
你几乎无法从中读懂任何含义 |
| But look at that one base pair. |
但是再看一下这组字母 |
| Those five letters, the AGGAA. |
AGGAA 这五个字母 |
| These five SNPs represent a very specific haplotype in the Tibetan population around the gene called EPAS1. |
这五个SNP（单核苷酸多态性） 代表了一种非常特别的单形体 它们是位于藏族人身体中 一种叫做EPAS1的基因 |
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specific:adj.特殊的,特定的;明确的;详细的;[药]具有特效的;n.特性;细节;特效药; haplotype:n.单体型; Tibetan:adj.西藏的;藏族的;n.西藏人;藏语;
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| That gene has been proved -- it's highly selective -- it's the most significant signature of positive selection of Tibetans for the higher altitude adaptation . |
这种基因已被证明是 高度选择性的结果 是藏族人对高海拔 适应性进行积极选择的 重要标志 |
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highly:adv.高度地;非常;非常赞许地; selective:adj.选择性的;有选择的;认真挑选的;严格筛选的; significant:adj.重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的;意味深长的;n.象征;有意义的事物; signature:n.署名;签名;信号; positive:adj.积极的;[数]正的,[医][化学]阳性的;确定的;n.正数;[摄]正片; selection:n.选择;选拔;挑选;被挑选的人(或物); altitude:n.海拔;海拔高度;高程;(海拔高的)高处; adaptation:n.适应;改编;改编本,改写本;
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| You know what? |
这说明什么呢 |
| These five SNPs were the result of integration of Denisovans, or Denisovan-like individuals into humans. |
这五个SNP极有可能是 灭绝的丹尼索瓦人 或与丹尼索瓦人 有亲缘关系的人种的DNA 与人类DNA结合的结果 |
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integration:n.集成;综合; individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数);
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| This is the reason why we need to read those genomes. |
这就是我们需要解读这些基因的原因 |
| To understand history, to understand what kind of learning process the genome has been through for the millions of years. |
它可以让你了解历史 了解基因这套学习程序 在数百万年中经历了什么样的演变 |
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process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
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| By reading a genome, it can give you a lot of information -- tells you the bugs in the genome -- |
通过解读基因可以得到很多信息 它能告诉你基因中的一些错误 |
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bugs:n.缺陷;虫子;窃听器;(bug的复数)v.窃听;使烦恼;(bug的第三人称单数)
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| I mean, birth defects , monogenetic disorders . |
例如出生缺陷 单基因遗传病 |
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defects:n.缺点;瑕疵;不合格品(defect的复数);v.叛变(defect的三单形式); monogenetic:adj.一元发生说的;无性生殖说的;关于一元发生说的;关于无性生殖说的; disorders:n.无秩序,混乱; v.[电子]扰乱(disorder的单三形式);
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| Reading a drop of blood could tell you why you got a fever, or it tells you which medicine and dosage needs to be used when you're sick, especially for cancer . |
而仅仅需要一滴血 它就能解释你为什么会发烧 或者当你生病 特别是罹患癌症时 告诉你需要使用哪种药物和多少剂量 |
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dosage:n.剂量,用量; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; cancer:n.癌症;恶性肿瘤;
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| A lot of things could be studied, but look at that: 30 years ago, we were still poor in China. |
通过基因检测可以获得很多信息 不过看看这个数据 30年前 中国还很穷 |
| Only .67 percent of the Chinese adult population had diabetes . |
当时只有0.67%的成年人患有糖尿病 |
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diabetes:n.糖尿病;多尿症;
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| Look at now: 11 percent. |
而现在 这个数字是11％ |
| Genetics cannot change over 30 years -- only one generation. |
我们的基因不会在 30年内发生这么大的改变 在只有一代人的时间跨度内 |
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Genetics:n.遗传学;
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| It must be something different. |
肯定有别的影响因素 |
| Diet? |
是饮食 |
| The environment? |
环境 |
| Lifestyle? |
或者生活方式吗 |
| Even identical twins could develop totally differently. |
即使是同卵双胞胎 都可以变得很不一样 |
| It could be one becomes very obese , the other is not. |
一个很胖 一个很瘦 |
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obese:adj.肥胖的,过胖的;
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| One develops a cancer and the other does not. |
一个人得了癌症 另一个则没有 |
| Not mentioning living in a very stressed environment. |
更不用说我们每天都生活在 一个充满压力的环境中 |
| I moved to Shenzhen 10 years ago ... |
10年前我搬到了深圳 |
| for some reason, people may know. |
由于某些原因 大家可能都知道 |
| If the gene's under stress, it behaves totally differently. |
一个人的基因在感受到压力时的 表现会完全不一样 |
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behaves:v.表现;表现得体;有礼貌;(behave的第三人称单数)
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| Life is a journey . |
人生是一场旅程 |
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journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行;
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| A gene is just a starting point , not the end. |
基因只是一个起点 而不是终点 |
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starting point:n.出发点;基础;
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| You have this statistical risk of certain diseases when you are born. |
你出生时就拥有某种疾病的患病风险 |
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statistical:adj.统计的;统计学的; diseases:n.[医]病(disease的复数);[医]疾病;[植保]病害;疾病种类;
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| But every day you make different choices, and those choices will increase or decrease the risk of certain diseases. |
然而每天你都会做出不同的决策 这些决策会增加或 减少某种疾病的风险 |
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decrease:v.降低;减少;缩小;减弱;n.减少;减小量;所减少的总量;减缩位置;
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| But do you know where you are on the curve ? |
但你知道自己在这个曲线上的位置吗 |
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curve:n.曲线;弯曲;曲面;弧线;v.(使)沿曲线移动;呈曲线形;
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| What's the past curve look like? |
过去的曲线是什么样子的 |
| What kind of decisions are you facing every day? |
你每天又面对着什么样的选择 |
| And what kind of decision is the right one to make your own right curve over your life journey? |
在人生旅程的这张曲线图上 能让你处在正确位置上的 选择究竟是什么 |
| What's that? |
那是什么 |
| The only thing you cannot change, you cannot reverse back, is time. |
唯一你无法改变 无法逆转的事情 就是时间 |
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reverse:n.反面; v.颠倒; adj.相反的;
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| Probably not yet; maybe in the future. |
目前是这样 不过这件事儿也说不好 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| Well, you cannot change the decision you've made, but can we do something there? |
既然不能改变已经做出的决定 那我们可以做些什么呢 |
| Can we actually try to run multiple options on me, and try to predict right on the consequence , and be able to make the right choice? |
我们能够同时运行不同的选择 对所期待的结果进行预测 再做出正确的选择吗 |
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multiple:adj.数量多的;多种多样的;n.倍数; options:n.选择; v.得到或获准进行选择; (option的三单形式) predict:v.预报;预言;预告; consequence:n.结果;重要性;推论;
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| After all, we are our choices. |
毕竟 每个人都是由自己的选择决定的 |
| These lady beetles came to me afterwards. |
这些瓢虫后来启发了我 |
| 25 years ago, I made the digital lady beetles to try to simulate real lady beetles. |
25年前 我构建了数字化的瓢虫 试图模拟自然界中的瓢虫 |
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simulate:vt.模仿;假装;冒充;adj.模仿的;假装的;
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| Can I make a digital me ... |
我是否可以同样 构建一个数字化的我 |
| to simulate me? |
来模拟真实的我自己呢 |
| I understand the neural network could become much more sophisticated and complicated there. |
我当然明白其中的神经网络可能会 变得更加复杂 |
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sophisticated:adj.复杂的;老练的;见多识广的;水平高的; complicated:adj.复杂的;难懂的;v.使复杂化;(complicate的过去分词和过去式)
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| Can I make that one, and try to run multiple options on that digital me -- to compute that? |
那么我是否可以做一个 并尝试运行这个数字化的我 来计算出不同的选择结果呢 |
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compute:vt.计算;估算;用计算机计算;vi.计算;估算;推断;n.计算;估计;推断;
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| Then I could live in different universes , in parallel , at the same time . |
这样我就可以同时平行的生活在 不同的宇宙中 |
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universes:语义层;此生彼世; parallel:adj.平行的; v.与…相似; n.极其相似的人(或情况、事件等); at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时;
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| Then I would choose whatever is good for me. |
然后选择对我来说最合适的方案 |
| I probably have the most comprehensive digital me on the planet. |
我的生命数据可能是 这个星球上最全面的 |
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comprehensive:adj.综合的;广泛的;有理解力的;n.综合学校;专业综合测验;
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| I've spent a lot of dollars on me, on myself. |
我在自己身上可是做了不少投资 |
| And the digital me told me I have a genetic risk of gout by all of those things there. |
这个数字化的我告诉我 种种信息表明我有痛风方面的 遗传风险 |
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gout:n.[遗][外科]痛风;一滴;一团;
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| You need different technology to do that. |
需要不同的技术才能打造 这个数字化的我 |
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technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
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| You need the proteins , genes , you need metabolized antibodies , you need to screen all your body about the bacterias and viruses covering you, or in you. |
你需要蛋白质 基因 代谢 抗体的数据 你需要筛查全身 搜集体内外所有细菌和病毒的数据 |
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proteins:n.[生化]蛋白质(protein复数); genes:n.基因;(gene的复数) metabolized:vt.使新陈代谢;使变形;vi.新陈代谢; antibodies:n.[免疫]抗体(antibody的复数); bacterias:用法,发音,音标,搭配,同义词,反义词和例句等在线英语服务。;
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| You need to have all the smart devices there -- smart cars, smart house, smart tables, smart watch, smart phone to track all of your activities there. |
你需要各种智能设备 智能车 智能家居 智能桌子 智能手表 智能手机等等 来跟踪你所有的活动 |
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devices:n.[机][计]设备;[机]装置;[电子]器件(device的复数); track:n.小道;足迹;车辙;轨道;v.追踪;跟踪;
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| The environment is important -- everything's important -- and don't forget the smart toilet. |
要知道环境数据很重要 一切都很重要 另外别忘了智能马桶 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑） |
| It's such a waste, right? |
这简直就是一种浪费 是吧 |
| Every day, so much invaluable information just has been flushed into the water. |
每天这么多宝贵的信息 就这么被水冲掉了 |
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invaluable:adj.无价的;非常贵重的; flushed:adj.脸红的;v.发红;脸红;(用水)冲洗净,冲洗;(flush的过去分词和过去式)
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| And you need them. |
你需要它们 |
| You need to measure all of them. |
需要测量这些数据 |
| You need to be able to measure everything around you and compute them. |
你应该测量并计算周围的 所有这些东西 |
| And the digital me told me I have a genetic defect. |
而这个数字化的我告诉我 我有遗传缺陷 |
| I have a very high risk of gout. |
我患痛风的概率很大 |
| I don't feel anything now, |
我暂时还没什么感觉 |
| I'm still healthy. |
看着挺健康的 |
| But look at my uric acid level. |
但看看我的尿酸水平 |
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uric:adj.尿的;取自尿中的;
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| It's double the normal range. |
是正常范围的两倍 |
| And the digital me searched all the medicine books, and it tells me, "OK, you could drink burdock tea" -- |
而数字化的我搜索了 所有的医药典籍 告诉我 你可以喝牛蒡茶 |
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burdock:n.牛蒡;
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| I cannot even pronounce it right -- |
这个词我甚至都不太会读 |
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pronounce:v.发音;读(音);正式宣布(或公布,授予等);
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| (Laughter) |
（笑） |
| That is from old Chinese wisdom . |
这种茶来自中国的古老智慧 |
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wisdom:n.智慧;明智;才智;学问;
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| And I drank that tea for three months. |
不过我喝了三个月的牛蒡茶 |
| My uric acid has now gone back to normal. |
尿酸值就恢复正常了 |
| I mean, it worked for me. |
这招儿对我还挺管用的 |
| All those thousands of years of wisdom worked for me. |
所有这些千年智慧 对我而言都是有用的 |
| I was lucky. |
我很幸运 |
| But I'm probably not lucky for you. |
但可能对于你们来说就不一定了 |
| All of this existing knowledge in the world cannot possibly be efficient enough or personalized enough for yourself. |
世界上一切现有的知识 不可能对每个人都有效 不可能都是对症下药 |
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efficient:adj.有效率的;有能力的;生效的; personalized:v.在…上标明主人姓名; (personalize的过去分词和过去式)
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| The only way to make that digital me work ... |
能让这个数字化的我有效的唯一方法 |
| is to learn from yourself. |
就是从自己的身体中学习 |
| You have to ask a lot of questions about yourself: " What if ?" -- |
你必须问自己很多问题 如果这么做会怎样 |
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What if:如果…怎么办?
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| I'm being jet-lagged now here. |
我现在有时差反应 |
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jet-lagged:adj.有时差现象的;飞机晚点的;
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| You don't probably see it, but I do. |
你们可能看不出来 但我确实有 |
| What if I eat less? |
如果我少吃点呢 |
| When I took metformin, supposedly to live longer? |
如果我服用二甲双胍 是否就可以活得更长呢 |
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supposedly:adv.据说;据信;据传;
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| What if I climb Mt. Everest ? |
如果我去爬珠穆朗玛峰呢 |
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Everest:n.珠穆朗玛峰(世界最高峰);
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| It's not that easy. |
可能没那么容易 |
| Or run a marathon? |
或者去跑马拉松呢 |
| What if I drink a bottle of mao-tai, which is a Chinese liquor , and I get really drunk? |
如果我喝一瓶茅台酒 一种中国的烈性酒 真的喝醉了会怎么样 |
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liquor:n.液;白酒;汤;[药学]溶液;
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| I was doing a video rehearsal last time with the folks here, when I was drunk, and I totally delivered a different speech. |
上次在这里跟工作人员 进行了一次录像彩排 我那会儿喝醉了 结果我的演讲内容完全跑偏了 |
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rehearsal:n.排演;预演;练习;训练;叙述;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑） |
| What if I work less, right? |
如果我的工作量少一点呢 |
| I have been less stressed, right? |
我的压力是否就减轻了 |
| So that probably never happened to me, |
这种情况从来没有发生在我身上 |
| I was really stressed every day, but I hope I could be less stressed. |
我每天压力都很大 但我希望我的压力能够小一点 |
| These early studies told us, even with the same banana, we have totally different glucose-level reactions over different individuals. |
这些早期研究告诉我们 即使吃同样的一根香蕉 不同个体的血糖水平反应 都可能完全不同 |
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reactions:n.反应;回应;抗拒;生理反应;副作用(reaction的复数)
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| How about me? |
那我呢 |
| What is the right breakfast for me? |
一顿适合我的早餐应该吃些什么 |
| I need to do two weeks of controlled experiments, of testing all kinds of different food ingredients on me, and check my body's reaction. |
我需要做两个星期的对照实验 测试各种不同的食物成分 并检查我身体的反应 |
|
ingredients:n.成分;(尤指烹饪)原料;(成功的)要素;(ingredient的复数)
|
| And I don't know the precise nutrition for me, for myself. |
我不知道对我来说精确的营养 到底应该包含什么 |
|
precise:adj.准确的;确切的;精确的;明确的; nutrition:n.营养,营养学;营养品;
|
| Then I wanted to search all the Chinese old wisdom about how I can live longer, and healthier. |
我想搜遍所有中国的古老智慧 找到让我活得更久 更健康的秘诀 |
| I did it. |
我确实付诸行动了 |
| Some of them are really unachievable . |
不过其中有一些并不现实 |
|
unachievable:adj.难以达到的;无法获得的;
|
| I did this once last October, by not eating for seven days. |
我在去年十月份尝试了一次 七天不吃饭 |
| I did a fast for seven days with six partners of mine. |
我与我的六个伙伴一起进行了 为期七天的绝食体验 |
| Look at those people. |
看看他们 |
| One smile. |
有一个人笑了 |
| You know why he smiled? |
知道为什么吗 |
| He cheated. |
他作弊了 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑） |
| He drank one cup of coffee at night, and we caught it from the data. |
晚上他偷偷喝了一杯咖啡 我们直接从他的数据中发现了 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑） |
| We measured everything from the data. |
（笑） |
|
measured:adj.缓慢谨慎的; v.测量; (measure的过去分词和过去式)
|
| We were able to track them, and we could really see -- for example, my immune system , just to give you a little hint there. |
我们能够追踪这些数据 而且切切实实的看到了 我的免疫系统的变化 举个例子 给大家一点直观的信息 |
|
immune system:n.免疫系统; hint:n.提示;暗示;迹象;窍门;v.暗示;透露;示意;
|
| My immune system changed dramatically over 24 hours there. |
我的免疫系统在24小时内 发生了巨大的变化 |
|
dramatically:adv.戏剧地;引人注目地;adv.显著地,剧烈地;
|
| And my antibody regulates my proteins for that dramatic change. |
而基于这个巨大变化 我的抗体开始对我体内的 蛋白质进行调节 |
|
antibody:n.[免疫]抗体; regulates:控制;管理;
|
| And everybody was doing that. |
所有参与者都是如此 |
| Even if we're essentially totally different at the very beginning. |
尽管每个人的免疫系统 天生各不相同 |
|
essentially:adv.本质上;本来;
|
| And that probably will be an interesting treatment in the future for cancer and things like that. |
这很可能是将来治疗 癌症或类似疾病的 一个有意思的方法 |
|
treatment:n.治疗;疗法;对待;处理;讨论;
|
| It becomes very, very interesting. |
而且正在变得越来越有趣 |
| But something you probably don't want to try, like drinking fecal water from a healthier individual, which will make you feel healthier. |
但有些方法你可能未必想尝试 比如饮用健康人的粪水 虽然这会让你感觉更健康 |
|
fecal:adj.排泄物的;残渣的;糟粕的;
|
| This is from old Chinese wisdom. |
这也是来自古老中国的智慧 |
| Look at that, right? |
不妨看一下 |
| Like 1,700 years ago, it's already there, in the book. |
1700年前 这种方法就已经被记录在册了 |
| But I still hate the smell. |
但我还是没法接受那个味道 |
| (Laughter) |
（笑） |
| I want to find out the true way to do it, maybe find a combination of cocktails of bacterias and drink it, it probably will make me better. |
我想找出另一种方式 或许我们可以用混合了 益生菌的鸡尾酒来替代 会让我感觉好一点 |
|
combination:n.结合;组合;联合;[化学]化合; cocktails:n.鸡尾酒;凉菜;混合物;(cocktail的复数)
|
| So I'm trying to do that. |
所以我打算试试 |
| Even though I'm trying this hard, it's so difficult to test out all possible conditions. |
尽管我依然在努力尝试 但是要测试出所有可能的 方法依然是非常困难的 |
| It's not possible to do all kinds of experiments at all ... |
针对每个个体做 各种实验也并不现实 |
| but we do have seven billion learning programs on this planet. |
但是我们在这个星球上 有70亿个学习程序 |
| Seven billion. |
70亿 |
| And every program is running in different conditions and doing different experiments. |
每个学习程序都在 不同的条件下运行 并进行不同的实验 |
| Can we all measure them? |
我们可以测量所有这些个体吗 |
| Seven years ago, I wrote an essay in "Science" |
七年前 我在《科学》杂志上 发表了一篇文章 |
| to celebrate the human genome's 10-year anniversary. |
为了庆祝人类基因组计划10周年 |
| I said, "Sequence yourself, for one and for all." |
我当时说过 测序你自己 为了个体 也为了全人类 |
| But now I'm going to say, " Digitalize yourself for one and for all." |
但是现在我要说的是 数字化你自己 为了个人 也为了全人类 |
|
Digitalize:v.用毛地黄治疗(心脏病);
|
| When we make this digital me into a digital we, when we try to form an internet of life, when people can learn from each other, when people can learn from their experience, their data, |
当我们把这个 数字化的我 变成了 数字化的我们 当我们试着构建 一个数字化生命网络 当人们可以互相学习 学习彼此的经验 彼此的数据 |
| when people can really form a digital me by themselves and we learn from it, the digital we will be totally different with a digital me. |
当人们真的可以自主 打造一个数字化的我 让我们得以中进行学习 这个 数字化的我们 将与 数字化的我 完全不同 |
| But it can only come from the digital me. |
但它只能来自 数字化的我 |
| And this is what I try to propose here. |
这就是我在这里提出的建议 |
|
propose:v.建议;提议;求婚;打算;
|
| Join me -- become we, and everybody should build up their own digital me, because only by that will you learn more about you, about me, about us ... |
加入 我 成为 我们 每个人都应该建立数字化的自我 因为只有这样 你才能更加了解你自己 了解 我 了解 我们 |
| about the question I just posed at the very beginning: "What is life?" |
了解我最开始提出的那个问题 什么是生命 |
| Thank you. |
谢谢 |
| (Applause) |
（鼓掌） |
| Chris Anderson: One quick question for you. |
克里斯·安德森（CA）: 我想快速的问一个问题 |
| I mean, the work is amazing. |
这项工作无疑相当出色 |
| I suspect one question people have is, as we look forward to these amazing technical possibilities of personalized medicine, in the near-term it feels like they're only going to be affordable for a few people, right? |
我猜大家可能还有一个问题 因为我们都期待着这些神奇的 个性化医疗技术成为可能 而在短期内 感觉还只有 少数人才能负担得起 是吗 |
|
suspect:n.犯罪嫌疑人;v.怀疑;不信任;adj.可疑的; look forward to:盼望,期待; technical:adj.工艺的,科技的;技术上的;专门的; near-term:adj.近期的; affordable:adj.负担得起的;
|
| It costs many dollars to do all the sequencing and so forth. |
仅仅是做基因测序就需要花很多钱 |
|
sequencing:n.[计]排序; v.[计]定序(sequence的ing形式);
|
| Is this going to lead to a kind of, you know, increasing inequality? |
这是否会导致在某种程度上 增加了不平等 |
| Or do you have this vision that the knowledge that you get from the pioneers can actually be pretty quickly disseminated to help a broader set of recipients ? |
或者您是否有这样的构想 从这些早期的志愿者 身上获取的知识 可以被快速的复制推广 从而帮助更广泛的群体呢 |
|
vision:n.视力;美景;幻象;想象力;v.想象;显现;梦见; disseminated:adj.浸染的;散播性的;v.散布(disseminate的过去分词);撒播; recipients:n.收件人(recipient的复数);
|
| Jun Wang: Well, good question. |
王俊:很好的问题 |
| I'll tell you that seven years ago, when I co-founded BGI, and served as the CEO of the company there, the only goal there for me to do was to drive the sequencing cost down. |
十七年前 当我与人合伙创立华大基因 并担任这家公司CEO的时候 我唯一的目标就是 推动基因测序成本的下降 |
| Now, it's a couple hundred dollars for a human genome. |
到现在只需要几百美元 |
| The only reason to do it is to get more people to benefit from it. |
我这么做的唯一原因 就是希望让更多的人从中受益 |
| So for the digital me, it's the same thing. |
而 数字化的我 也是由此诞生的 |
| Now, you probably need, you know, one million dollars to digitize a person. |
目前你可能需要 一百万美元去数字化一个生命个体 |
|
digitize:vt.[计]数字化;
|
| I think it has to be 100 dollars. |
但我认为在未来 必须要降到100美元 |
| It has to be free for many of those people that urgently need that. |
甚至是免费 尤其对于那些迫切需要 这项技术的人来说 这是必须的 |
|
urgently:adv.迫切地;紧急地;急切地;
|
| So this is our goal. |
所以这就是我们的目标 |
| And it seems that with all this merging of the technology, |
当这一切技术都能够融合之后 |
|
merging:v.合并,结合,并入;相融;(merge的现在分词)
|
| I'm thinking that in the very near future, let's say three to five years, it will come to reality. |
我认为在不远的将来 或许三到五年 一切就会成为现实 |
| And this is the whole idea of why I founded iCarbonX, my second company. |
这就是为什么我创立了碳云智能 我的第二家公司 |
| It's really trying to get the cost down to a level where every individual could have the benefit. |
其目的就是要把成本降低到 让每个人都可以从中受益的水平 |
| CA: All right, so the dream is not elite health services for few, it's to really try and actually make overall health care much more cost effective -- |
CA:好的 所以您的梦想 不是让它为少数的精英服务 而是真正要使 医疗健康服务更具普世价值 |
|
elite:n.精英;精华;杰出人物; overall:v.全部; n.外套; adj.全面的; health care:n.卫生保健; effective:adj.有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象;
|
| JW: But we started from some early adopters , people believing ideas and so on, but eventually , it will become everybody's benefit. |
王俊:的确如此 但我们需要从 一些早期的先行者开始 从更加相信这个想法的一些人开始 但最终它将能够让每个人受益 |
|
adopters:n.养父母;[化工]接受管; eventually:adv.最后,终于;
|
| CA: Well, Jun, I think it's got to be true to say you're one of the most amazing scientific minds on the planet, and it's an honor to have you. |
CA:王俊 我不得不说 你是这个星球上 最令人叹服的科学家之一 真的很荣幸能邀请到你 |
|
scientific:adj.科学的,系统的;
|
| JW: Thank you. |
王俊:谢谢 |
| (Applause) |
（鼓掌） |