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JulieCordua_2019-_我们如何消灭网上儿童性侵内容_-
[This talk contains mature content] 【该演讲包含成人内容】
mature:v.成熟; adj.明白事理的;
Five years ago, 五年前,
I received a phone call that would change my life. 我接到了一个改变我人生的电话。
I remember so vividly that day. 我至今还能清晰的记起那天,
vividly:adv.生动地;强烈地;
It was about this time of year, and I was sitting in my office. 大概是那年的这个时候, 我正在办公室坐着。
I remember the sun streaming through the window. 我记得阳光透过窗户照射进来,
And my phone rang. 然后电话响了,
And I picked it up, and it was two federal agents , asking for my help in identifying a little girl featured in hundreds of child sexual abuse images they had found online. 我接起电话, 是两个联邦调查局特工, 想要我帮助他们 确认一个 出现在网络数百张儿童 性侵图片中的小女孩身份。
federal:adj.联邦的;同盟的;联邦政府的;联邦制的;adv.联邦政府地; agents:n.代理人,经纪人;原动力;(agent的复数) identifying:n.识别,标识;标识关系;v.识别;(identify的现在分词) sexual:adj.性的;性别的;有性的; abuse:n.滥用;虐待;辱骂;弊端;恶习,陋习;v.滥用;虐待;辱骂; images:n.印象;声誉;形象;画像;雕像;(image的第三人称单数和复数)
They had just started working the case, but what they knew was that her abuse had been broadcast to the world for years on dark web sites dedicated to the sexual abuse of children. 他们刚开始调查这个案件, 但他们知道 这个女孩被性侵的过程已 通过儿童性侵主题的暗网 散播到世界各地多年。
broadcast:v.广播; n.广播节目; adj.[无线]播音的; sites:n.网站(site的复数);遗址,举办地点;v.使...位于(site的单三形式); dedicated:adj.献身的; v.把…奉献给; (dedicate的过去分词和过去式)
And her abuser was incredibly technologically sophisticated : new images and new videos every few weeks, but very few clues as to who she was or where she was. 她的施虐者技术非常老道: 每几周都有新的照片和视频流出, 但几乎没法找到线索 来确认小女孩是谁, 或是她在哪。
abuser:n.滥用者;施虐者; incredibly:adv.难以置信地;非常地; technologically:adv.科技地;技术上地; sophisticated:adj.复杂的;老练的;见多识广的;水平高的; clues:n.(调查,研究等的)线索;迹象;(故事的)关键情节;(clue的复数)
And so they called us, because they had heard we were a new nonprofit building technology to fight child sexual abuse. 于是他们打电话给我, 因为他们听说我们是个 新的专注于搭建技术 来阻止儿童性侵的非营利组织。
nonprofit:adj.非赢利的;不以赢利为目的的; technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
But we were only two years old, and we had only worked on child sex trafficking. 但是我们只成立了两年, 还仅仅在与儿童性交易抗争。
And I had to tell them we had nothing. 所以我只能告诉他们 我们无能为力。
We had nothing that could help them stop this abuse. 我们没有任何办法 来帮助他们阻止这场性侵。
It took those agents another year to ultimately find that child. 那些特工又用了一年 才终于找到了那个孩子。
ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究;
And by the time she was rescued , hundreds of images and videos documenting her rape had gone viral , from the dark web to peer-to-peer networks, private chat rooms and to the websites you and I use every single day. 然而等到她被获救时, 那些记录她被强暴的 上百图像和视频早已被大肆传播, 从那个暗网 传到P2P网络上,私人聊天室中, 以及你我每天都在使用 的互联网上。
rescued:v.营救;援救;抢救;(rescue的过去分词和过去式) rape:n.强奸罪;强奸案;v.强奸;强暴; viral:adj.滤过性毒菌引起的;滤过性毒菌的; peer-to-peer:n.对等;对等网络;
And today, as she struggles to recover, she lives with the fact that thousands around the world continue to watch her abuse. 现在,当她在努力康复的时候, 同时也要接受一个事实:
I have come to learn in the last five years that this case is far from unique . 在这五年中,我逐渐了解到, 这样的儿童性侵案件绝不罕见。
unique:adj.独特的,稀罕的;[数]唯一的;n.独一无二的人或物;
How did we get here as a society? 我们的社会怎么变成了这样？
In the late 1980s, child pornography -- or what it actually is, child sexual abuse material -- was nearly eliminated . 在1980年末,儿童色情片, 或从本质上说,儿童性侵的内容 几乎已经销声匿迹了。
pornography:n.淫秽作品;色情书刊(或音像制品等) eliminated:v.排除;清除;消除;(比赛中)淘汰;消灭;(eliminate的过去式和过去分词)
New laws and increased prosecutions made it simply too risky to trade it through the mail. 新出台的法律和增加的诉讼
prosecutions:n.(被)起诉,检举;诉讼;原告,控方;实施;从事;进行;(prosecution的复数)
And then came the internet, and the market exploded . 但随后由于互联网的出现,这一市场 又死灰复燃,开始呈爆炸式增长。
exploded:adj.分解的; v.爆炸; (explode的过去分词和过去式)
The amount of content in circulation today is massive and growing. 如今在网上流通的内容量 巨大且增长迅速。
content:n.内容,目录;满足;容量;adj.满意的;vt.使满足; circulation:n.流通,传播;循环;发行量; massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的;
This is a truly global problem, but if we just look at the US: in the US alone last year, more than 45 million images and videos of child sexual abuse material 这是一个切实的全球性问题, 但倘若我们仅聚焦美国: 去年,仅在美国就有 超过4500万儿童性侵 的图像和视频内容
global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
were reported to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, and that is nearly double the amount the year prior . 被举报至国家失踪与受虐儿童中心, 且较前一年,这数字几乎翻倍。
Exploited:v.剥削;压榨;运用;利用;发挥(exploit的过去分词和过去式) prior:adj.先前的; n.(小隐修院)院长; v.居先;
And the details behind these numbers are hard to contemplate , with more than 60 percent of the images featuring children younger than 12, and most of them including extreme acts of sexual violence . 我们更是难以想象 这些数字背后的细节真相: 超过60%的图像 拍摄的是不到12岁的孩子, 而且大多包含极端性暴力行为。
contemplate:v.沉思;注视;思忖;预期; extreme:adj.极端的;极度的;偏激的;尽头的;n.极端;末端;最大程度;极端的事物; violence:n.暴力;侵犯;激烈;歪曲;
Abusers are cheered on in chat rooms dedicated to the abuse of children, where they gain rank and notoriety with more abuse and more victims. 虐待者在专门讨论虐待儿童 的聊天室里颇受欢迎, 随着更强的侵犯 和更多受害者的出现, 他们在那里的排名和地位就更高。
Abusers:n.abuser的名词复数形式; notoriety:n.恶名;声名狼藉;丑名;
In this market, the currency has become the content itself. 在这个市场中, 内容本身就是货币。
currency:n.货币;通货;
It's clear that abusers have been quick to leverage new technologies , but our response as a society has not. 显然,施暴者 一直在快速掌握新技术, 但是我们作为一个社会整体 的回应却严重滞后。
leverage:n.影响力;杠杆作用;杠杆效力;v.举债经营;借贷收购; technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数); response:n.响应;反应;回答;
These abusers don't read user agreements of websites, and the content doesn't honor geographic boundaries . 这些施暴者不会阅读 网站的用户协议, 而且内容也不分国界。
geographic:adj.地理的;地理学的; boundaries:n.边界;分界线;(boundary的复数)
And they win when we look at one piece of the puzzle at a time, which is exactly how our response today is designed. 当我们每次只关注一小块拼图时, 那些施暴者就赢了, 而这正是今天我们对策的设计原理。
puzzle:n.谜;疑问;智力游戏;不解之谜;v.迷惑;使困惑;
Law enforcement works in one jurisdiction . 执法工作仅在一个司法管辖区进行,
enforcement:n.执行,实施;强制; jurisdiction:n.司法权,审判权,管辖权;权限,权力;
Companies look at just their platform . 企业只专注于他们自己的平台,
platform:n.平台; v.把…放在台上[放在高处;
And whatever data they learn along the way is rarely shared. 不论他们收集到什么数据 都几乎很少分享。
rarely:adv.很少地;难得;罕有地;
It is so clear that this disconnected approach is not working. 很明显这种彼此隔离的方法 根本不起作用。
disconnected:adj.分离的; v.切断(煤气、水或电的供应); (disconnect的过去式和过去分词) approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理;
We have to redesign our response to this epidemic for the digital age. 我们必须为数字化时代下 儿童性侵的大范围蔓延 重新制定对策。
redesign:vt.重新设计;n.重新设计;新设计; epidemic:n.流行病;蔓延;adj.传染病;流行性的; digital:adj.数字的;手指的;n.数字;键;
And that's exactly what we're doing at Thorn . 这正是我们索恩 (Thorn) 公司所做的。
Thorn:n.刺;[植]荆棘;
We're building the technology to connect these dots, to arm everyone on the front lines -- law enforcement, NGOs and companies -- with the tools they need to ultimately eliminate child sexual abuse material from the internet. 我们建造连接那些端点的技术, 武装前线的每个用户—— 执法机构,非政府组织和企业, 为他们装备最终消灭 网上儿童性侵内容所需的工具。
Let's talk for a minute -- 我来详细解释一下。
for a minute:一会儿;
(Applause) （掌声）
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）
Let's talk for a minute about what those dots are. 让我们谈谈那些端点是什么。
As you can imagine, this content is horrific . 可以想像,这些内容 令人不悦且恐怖。
horrific:adj.可怕的;令人毛骨悚然的;
If you don't have to look at it, you don't want to look at it. 如果没必要看到这个内容, 那你肯定不会想要看。
And so, most companies or law enforcement agencies that have this content can translate every file into a unique string of numbers. 于是,大部分持有此内容 的企业或执法机构 都可以将每个文件 转化为唯一的数字字符串,
agencies:n.代理;代理处(agency的复数); translate:v.翻译;被翻译;被译成;(使)转变; string:n.字符串; v.悬挂; adj.由弦乐器组成的;
This is called a " hash ." 我们称之为“哈希”。
hash:n.剁碎的食物;混杂,拼凑;重新表述;v.搞糟,把…弄乱;切细;推敲;
It's essentially a fingerprint for each file or each video. 它本质上是 每一个文件或视频 的特定“数字指纹”。
essentially:adv.本质上;本来; fingerprint:n.指纹;手印;vt.采指纹;
And what this allows them to do is use the information in investigations or for a company to remove the content from their platform, without having to relook at every image and every video each time. 这允许他们使用调查中的信息, 或者从自家平台上移除这一内容, 而无需每次重复观看 每一个图像和视频。
investigations:n.调查(investigation的复数);
The problem today, though, is that there are hundreds of millions of these hashes sitting in siloed databases all around the world. 不过当今的问题是, 现在有上亿哈希值 散落在世界各地独立的数据库中。
hashes:n.切碎的食物; v.切细; (hash的复数); siloed:n.筒仓;青贮窖;飞弹发射井;vt.把…存入青贮窖;把…储存在筒仓内;
In a silo, it might work for the one agency that has control over it, but not connecting this data means we don't know how many are unique. 在一个数据库中, 它可能对一个 拥有控制权的代理商有效, 但是无法连接这些数据,这意味着 我们无从知晓有多少哈希是唯一的。
agency:n.代理,中介;代理处,经销处;
We don't know which ones represent children who have already been rescued or need to be identified still. 我们不知道哪些代表 “已经被救出的孩子”, 哪些代表仍旧“需要辨识身份”。
represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送; identified:v.确认;认出;找到;发现;说明身份;(identify的过去式和过去分词)
So our first, most basic premise is that all of this data must be connected. 因此我们第一个最基础的假定是, 所有数据都必须连接起来。
premise:n.前提;假定;v.假定;预述(条件等);引导(论述等);;
There are two ways where this data, combined with software on a global scale , can have transformative impact in this space. 在全球范围内,有两个方法 可以将数据和软件结合起来, 从而在这个领域产生变革性影响。
scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; transformative:adj.变化的,变形的;有改革能力的; impact:n.影响;效果;碰撞;冲击力;v.挤入,压紧;撞击;对…产生影响;
The first is with law enforcement: helping them identify new victims faster, stopping abuse and stopping those producing this content. 第一个方法是与执法机构合作: 帮助他们更快辨识新受害者身份, 停止性侵行为, 并阻止施虐者制作此类媒体内容。
The second is with companies: using it as clues to identify the hundreds of millions of files in circulation today, pulling it down and then stopping the upload of new material before it ever goes viral. 第二个方法是和公司合作: 在今天的内容流通中使用它 来作为识别数百万文件 的线索, 并在这些文件 能被大肆传播前 阻止这些新文件的上传。
upload:v.上传;
Four years ago, when that case ended, our team sat there, and we just felt this, um ... 四年前, 那个案件结案时, 我们整个团队有一种……
... deep sense of failure, is the way I can put it, because we watched that whole year while they looked for her. 深深的挫败感,可以这么说, 因为在联邦特工 找寻这女孩的下落时, 我们也关注了 这个案件一整年。
And we saw every place in the investigation where, if the technology would have existed, they would have found her faster. 我们看了每个被调查的地方, 那时如果相关技术已经存在, 他们本可以更快的找到她。
And so we walked away from that and we went and we did the only thing we knew how to do: we began to build software. 于是我们从那个案件回归工作, 做了一件我们知道如何去做的事: 我们开始开发软件技术。
So we've started with law enforcement. 我们从执法机构入手。
Our dream was an alarm bell on the desks of officers all around the world so that if anyone dare post a new victim online, someone would start looking for them immediately. 我们的梦想就是在世界上每个警官 的桌面上放置一个“警铃”, 如果哪个人敢在网上 发布新受害者的媒体材料, 那么某个警官 就能立刻开始寻找他们。
victim:n.受害人;牺牲品;牺牲者;
I obviously can't talk about the details of that software, but today it's at work in 38 countries, having reduced the time it takes to get to a child by more than 65 percent. 显然我无法介绍我们软件的细节, 但是截止到今天, 它已运用于38个国家, 令警方找到孩子的所用时间 缩短超过65%。
(Applause) （掌声）
And now we're embarking on that second horizon : building the software to help companies identify and remove this content. 现在,我们开启了第二阶段: 开发软件以帮助企业 识别和移除此类媒体内容。
embarking:v.着手;登机(embark的现在分词); horizon:n.地平线;(欲望、知识或兴趣的)范围;
Let's talk for a minute about these companies. 让我们说一下这些企业。
So, I told you -- 45 million images and videos in the US alone last year. 我刚才说了,去年光在美国就有 4500万个儿童性侵的图像和视频。
Those come from just 12 companies. 它们仅仅来自于12个企业平台。
Twelve companies, 45 million files of child sexual abuse material. 12个企业, 4500万儿童性侵的媒体内容。
These come from those companies that have the money to build the infrastructure that it takes to pull this content down. 这些还只是那些有足够资金 建立基础设施 来移除这些内容的公司。
infrastructure:n.基础设施;公共建设;下部构造;
But there are hundreds of other companies, small- to medium-size companies around the world, that need to do this work, but they either: 1) can't imagine that their platform would be used for abuse, or 2) don't have the money to spend on something that is not driving revenue . 但是成百上千的其他企业, 尤其是全球范围的中小型公司, 需要在这方面下功夫, 但是他们要么无法想象 自己的企业平台会被利用, 要么没有资金去支持无利润业务。
revenue:n.收益;营业额;税务署;
So we went ahead and built it for them, and this system now gets smarter with the more companies that participate . 所以我们主动去帮他们搭建。 现在,随着更多公司的加入, 我们的系统正变得更加智能。
participate:v.参加;参与;
Let me give you an example. 举个例子,
Our first partner, Imgur -- if you haven't heard of this company, it's one of the most visited websites in the US -- millions of pieces of user-generated content uploaded every single day, in a mission to make the internet a more fun place. 我们第一个合作伙伴,Imgur, 你可能没有听说过这个公司, 它是美国访问量最高的网站之一, 每天有用户生产 的数百万内容被上传, 目的是为了让互联网 变成一个更加有趣的地方。
uploaded:vt.上传; mission:n.使命,任务;代表团;布道;v.派遣;向…传教;
They partnered with us first. 他们最早和我们合作。
Within 20 minutes of going live on our system, someone tried to upload a known piece of abuse material. 在开始使用我们系统的20分钟内, 有人尝试上传一个已知 的儿童性侵内容。
They were able to stop it, they pull it down, they report it to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Imgur因此能够 及时阻止,移除内容, 并向国家失踪与受虐儿童中心报告。
But they went a step further, and they went and inspected the account of the person who had uploaded it. 但是他们更进一步, 找到并审查了内容发布人的账号,
inspected:v.检查;查看;审视;视察;(inspect的过去式和过去分词)
Hundreds more pieces of child sexual abuse material that we had never seen. 发现了其他上百个我们没看过的 儿童性侵媒体内容。
And this is where we start to see exponential impact. 我们由此才开始看到 这个软件产生的指数级影响。
exponential:adj.指数的;n.指数;
We pull that material down, it gets reported to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children and then those hashes go back into the system and benefit every other company on it. 我们移除内容, 并且将其报告给 国家失踪与受虐儿童中心, 然后那些哈希再返回到系统, 令每个使用该软件的企业受益。
And when the millions of hashes we have lead to millions more and, in real time , companies around the world are identifying and pulling this content down, 当数百万的哈希值指向更多内容时, 全世界的企业就能实时 识别并移除此类内容,
real time:adj.实时的;接到指示立即执行的;
we will have dramatically increased the speed at which we are removing child sexual abuse material from the internet around the world. 我们从全球的网络上 移除儿童性侵媒体内容 的速度将会大大提升。
dramatically:adv.戏剧地;引人注目地;adv.显著地,剧烈地;
(Applause) （掌声）
But this is why it can't just be about software and data, it has to be about scale. 但这也是我们为何不能局限于 软件和数据的原因, 它必须能够大规模应用。
We have to activate thousands of officers, hundreds of companies around the world if technology will allow us to outrun the perpetrators and dismantle the communities that are normalizing child sexual abuse around the world today. 如果科技能让我们在世界范围内 超越那些加害者, 并拆除那些使儿童性虐待 正常化的社区。 我们就必须充分动员 世界范围内数千名警官, 以及数百家企业。
activate:vt.刺激;使活动;使活泼;使产生放射性;vi.激活;有活力; outrun:v.超过;跑得比…快;从…逃脱; perpetrators:n.作恶者;行凶者;犯罪者;(perpetrator的复数) dismantle:v.拆开,拆卸;(逐渐)废除,取消; communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数) normalizing:v.(使)正常化,标准化,常规化;(normalize的现在分词)
And the time to do this is now. 现在就是一个契机。
We can no longer say we don't know the impact this is having on our children. 我们不能再说 我们不知道这对孩子们的影响。
The first generation of children whose abuse has gone viral are now young adults. 第一代受到侵犯的媒体资料 被大肆传播的孩子们 已经长大成人。
first generation:adj.出生在美国的;原件第一代;
The Canadian Centre for Child Protection just did a recent study of these young adults to understand the unique trauma they try to recover from, knowing that their abuse lives on. 加拿大儿童保护中心 最近针对这些年轻人做了一个研究, 以了解他们在自知所受 的侵犯将持续被传播时, 需要尝试客服的独特创伤。
Centre:中心 trauma:n.[外科]创伤(由心理创伤造成精神上的异常);外伤;
Eighty percent of these young adults have thought about suicide . 80%的这些年轻人有过自杀的想法,
suicide:n.自杀;自杀行为;自杀者;adj.自杀的;v.自杀;vi.自杀;
More than 60 percent have attempted suicide. 超过60%曾尝试自杀。
attempted:adj.未遂的;v.努力;尝试;试图;(attempt的过去分词和过去式)
And most of them live with the fear every single day that as they walk down the street or they interview for a job or they go to school or they meet someone online, that that person has seen their abuse. 他们的大部分人 每天都生活在恐惧中: 当他们走上街头, 或参加一个面试, 或是去学校, 或是在网上碰见的某个人, 这些人碰巧看过他们 被侵犯的网络内容。
interview:n.接见,采访;面试,面谈;v.采访;接见;对…进行面谈;
And the reality came true for more than 30 percent of them. 而他们中有超过30%人, 噩梦成为现实。
They had been recognized from their abuse material online. 他们因为网上性侵的内容被认出。
recognized:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到;(recognize的过去分词和过去式)
This is not going to be easy, but it is not impossible. 这条路不简单, 但并不是不可能。
Now it's going to take the will, the will of our society to look at something that is really hard to look at, to take something out of the darkness so these kids have a voice; 现在需要展现 我们社会的决心, 去着手解决非常难以直面的问题, 在黑暗中创造希望, 让那些孩子的声音能被听见;
the will of companies to take action and make sure that their platforms are not complicit in the abuse of a child; the will of governments to invest with their law enforcement 去展现企业们的决心,采取 一切措施并确保他们的平台 不与儿童侵犯者共谋; 去展现政府部门的决心, 投资执法部门破案设施,
platforms:n.平台; v.把…放在台上; complicit:adj.有同谋关系的,串通一气的;
for the tools they need to investigate a digital first crime, even when the victims cannot speak for themselves. 来调查数字先行的犯罪, 即便受害者无法为自己申辩。
investigate:v.调查;研究;审查; speak for:要求得到;代表…讲话;
This audacious commitment is part of that will. 这大胆的承诺是展现决心的一部分。
audacious:adj.无畏的;鲁莽的; commitment:n.承诺;投入;保证;许诺;
It's a declaration of war against one of humanity's darkest evils. 这是一场对抗人性 阴暗邪恶的宣战。
declaration:n.宣言;宣告;宣布;公告;
But what I hang on to is that it's actually an investment in a future where every child can simply be a kid. 但是我所坚持的 是一个对未来的投资, 在那里,每个孩子 都可以保留单纯的本性。
hang on to:紧紧抓住;紧握; investment:n.投资;投入;封锁;
Thank you. 谢谢。
(Applause) （掌声）