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JulianaMachadoFerreira_2010U-_打击巴西稀有动物走私_
Illegal wildlife trade in Brazil is one of the major threats against our fauna , especially birds, and mainly to supply the pet market with thousands of animals taken from nature every month, and transported far from their origins , to be sold mainly in Rio de Janeiro and S?o Paulo. 非法野生动物买卖 是危害巴西动物的主要威胁, 尤其是鸟类的买卖, 它主要供应给宠物市场。 每个月都有上千的动物从大自然中被掠走, 然后被卖到远离故栖的地方, 它们主要被卖至里约热内卢和圣保罗。
Illegal:adj.不合法的;非法的;n.非法移民;非法劳工; Brazil:n.巴西(拉丁美洲国家); fauna:n.动物群;[动]动物区系; especially:adv.尤其;特别;格外;十分; mainly:adv.大多;大部分;主要地;首要地; transported:v.(用交通工具)运输,运送,输送;(transport的过去分词和过去式) origins:n.起源; (origin的复数)
It is estimated that all kinds of illegal wildlife trade in Brazil withdraw from nature almost 38 million animals every year, a business worth almost two billion dollars. 据估计 巴西的各种非法野生动物买卖 每年会从大自然中掠走 大约3千8百万只动物, 总价值在20亿美元左右。
estimated:adj.估计的;预计的;估算的; withdraw:v.撤回;提;撤离;停止提供;
The police intercepts these huge cargos with live animals, intended to supply the pet market, or they seize the animals directly from the people's houses, and this is how we end up, every month, with thousands of seized animals. 警察拦截住 那些装着活生生动物的货物 那些货物本是用于供应宠物市场的 或是直接从那些人家里把动物救出来。 我们就是这样每个月 拯救成千的被抓走的动物。
intercepts:vt.拦截;截断;窃听;n.拦截;[数]截距;截获的情报; cargos:n.货物,船货(cargo的变形); intended:adj.预定的;计划的;v.打算;计划;想要;(intend的过去分词和过去式) seize:v.抓住;夺取;理解;逮捕; directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就;
And for us to understand what happens with them, we're going to follow Brad. 对于发生在动物身上的事,我们可以 跟着Brad来理解。
In the eyes of many people, after the animals are seized, they say, "Yay, justice has been served. 在许多人的眼里, 在动物被救走后, 他们会说,“耶,正义得到了声张。
justice:n.公平;公正;司法制度;审判;
The good guys arrived, took the cute, mistreated animals from the hands of the evil traffickers , and everyone lived happily ever after." （他们认为）会有好心人 带走这些可爱的,受到不公待遇的动物 从那些罪恶的走私者手中拯救了它们 之后大家都幸福的生活着。
mistreated:v.虐待;(mistreat的过去式和过去分词) evil:adj.邪恶的;不幸的;有害的;讨厌的;n.罪恶,邪恶;不幸; traffickers:n.贩毒者(trafficker的复数);
But did they? Actually, no, and this is where many of our problems begin. 但是事实呢？ 其实不是这样的。 这其实是许多问题的开端。
Because we have to figure out what to do with all these animals. 因为我们必须要知道 要怎么处理这些动物
In Brazil, they are usually first sent to governmental triage facilities , in which most of the cases, the conditions are as bad as with the traffickers. 在巴西,它们通常是最先运给 政府的分类设施中心的, 在大部分的情况下, 在分类设施中心中的处境 与在走私者处一样糟糕。
governmental:adj.政府的;政治的;统治上的; triage:n.分类;伤员验伤分类; facilities:n.设施;设备;特别装置;特色;场所;(facility的复数)
In 2002, these centers received 45,000 animals, of which 37,000 were birds. 在2002年,这些中心收到了 45000只动物。 其中,有37000只是鸟类。
And the police estimates that we seize only five percent of what's being trafficked. 据估计,警察们拯救了 被走私鸟类总额的5%。
estimates:n.估计;估价;估计的成本;v.估价;估算(estimate的第三人称单数和复数)
Some lucky ones -- and among them, Brad -- go to serious rehabilitation centers after that. 它们中有以一些幸运儿,比如Brad 在获救后去了康复中心
rehabilitation:n.康复;恢复;善后;平反;复权;
And in these places they are cared for. 在那里,它们受到了精心照顾。
They train their flying, they learn how to recognize the food they will find in nature, and they are able to socialize with others from the same species . 它们被训练如何飞行。 学习如何在大自然中识别食物。 另外,它们也学着社交, 与同一类的其它个体进行交往。
recognize:v.认识;认出;辨别出;承认;意识到; socialize:v.使社会化;使社会主义化;交际;参与社交; species:n.[生物]物种;种类;
(Laughter) （笑声）
But then what? 但是后来呢？
The Brazil Ornithological Society -- so now we're talking only birds -- claims that we have too little knowledge about the species in nature. 巴西野鸟协会, 因为我们现在仅是在讲鸟, 这一学会说我们知道的知识太少 对于这些自然的物种我们知道的太少。
Ornithological:adj.鸟类学的; claims:v.宣称; n.声明; (claim的第三人称单数和复数)
Therefore, it would be too risky to release these animals, both for the released and for the natural populations. 因此,如果放走这些动物的话 会太冒险, 对于被放走的鸟和自然中本身的鸟都太冒险。
released:v.释放;使免除;已发布;(release的过去分词和过去式)
They also claim that we spend too many resources in their rehabilitation. 这一学会也说,我们浪费了太多的资源 在它们的康复上。
resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数);
Following this argument, they suggest that all the birds seized from non-threatened species should be euthanized . 针对这一说法, 他们认为全部鸟类 获救后,如果是来自非受威胁的种类 应被执行安乐死。
euthanized:vt.使安乐死;对…施无痛致死术(等于euthanatize);
However, this would mean having killed 26,267 birds, only in the state of S?o Paulo, only in 2006. 但是,这就意味着 26267只鸟将会死亡, 这仅在2006年的圣保罗。
But, some researchers, myself included -- some NGOs and some people from the Brazilian government -- believe there is an alternative . 但是,一些学术研究者,包括我自己, 还有一些非政府组织和一些来自巴西政府的人 都相信还有别的办法。
alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择;
We think that if and when the animals meet certain criteria concerning their health, behavior, inferred origin and whatever we know about the natural populations, 我们认为,如果当动物们符合 一些健康标准, 行为,推测出的出生地, 以及任何我们所知的关于自然中的动物的标准时,
criteria:n.标准,条件(criterion的复数); concerning:prep.关于;涉及;v.影响,牵涉(某人);与…有关;涉及;(concern的现在分词) inferred:adj.推论的;推测出的;v.推测(infer的过去分词);
then technically responsible releases are possible, both for the well-being of the individual , and for the conservation of the species and their ecosystems , 技术上来说,将它们负责的释放是可能的。 不仅是对于个体的幸福安康, 也是对物种和生态系统的保护。
responsible:adj.负责的,可靠的;有责任的; releases:n.释放; vt.释放; well-being:n.幸福;康乐; individual:n.个人;有个性的人;adj.单独的;个别的; conservation:n.保存,保持;保护; ecosystems:n.生态系统(ecosystem的复数);
because we will be returning genes for these populations -- which could be important for them in facing environmental challenges -- and also we could be returning potential seed dispersers , predators , preys , etc. 因为我们将这些物种的血统保留下来了, 这对于它们来说十分重要, 尤其在面临环境方面的挑战时。 同时我们也会 将潜在的种子传播者,掠夺者,掠夺品等都放回自然。
genes:n.基因;(gene的复数) potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的; dispersers:n.[助剂]分散剂;分散器;扩散器; predators:n.捕食性动物;实行弱肉强食的人(或机构);掠夺者;(predator的复数) preys:vi.捕食;掠夺;折磨;n.捕食;牺牲者;被捕食的动物;
All of these were released by us. 这些都是我们释放（到大自然）的动物。
On the top, the turtles are just enjoying freedom. 最上面,乌龟正享受着自由。
turtles:n.海龟;龟;陆龟;水龟;鳖;(turtle的复数)
(Laughter)
On the middle, this guy nested a couple of weeks after the release. 中间的照片是一只鸟, 在释放后的几周,这只鸟就筑好了巢。
And on the bottom, my personal favorite, the little male over there, four hours after his release he was together with a wild female . 最底下是我最喜欢的动物, 这只雄鸟, 于他释放后的4小时 就找到了一个雌性伴侣。
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词; female:adj.女性的;雌性的;柔弱的,柔和的;n.女人;[动]雌性动物;
So, this is not new, people have been doing this around the world. 所以,这已经不是新鲜事了, 全世界的人都在这么做。
But it's still a big issue in Brazil. 但在巴西,这仍是一件大事。
issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行;
We believe we have performed responsible releases. 我们认为,我们采取了 负责的释放。
performed:v.表演;执行;履行;演出;工作,运转(好/不好)(perform的过去分词和过去式)
We've registered released animals mating in nature and having chicks. 我们记录下了那些被我们释放且于自然中进行交配的动物, 它们都有了小雏鸟。
registered:adj.登记过的;记名的;挂号的;v.登记;注册;(register的过去式和过去分词) mating:n.交尾;交配;v.交配;交尾;使交配;(mate的现在分词)
So, these genes are indeed going back to the populations. 所以,这些动物的确是要回到自然中去的。
However this is still a minority for the very lack of knowledge. 尽管这仅仅还是少数 因为我们在这方面的知识太少。
minority:n.少数民族;少数派;未成年;adj.少数的;属于少数派的;
So, I say, "Let's study more, let's shed light on this issue, let's do whatever we can." 所以,让我们多学一点,让我们多关注这件事情。 让我们尽我们所能。
shed light on:阐明;使…清楚地显出;
I'm devoting my career to that. 我正在以此作为我的事业。
devoting:vt.致力于;奉献; career:n.职业;事业;生涯;经历;
And I'm here to urge each and every one of you to do whatever is in your reach: 我在这你呼吁在座的每一位 都要尽你们所能,
Talk to your neighbor, teach your children, make sure your pet is from a legal breeder . 告诉你们的邻居,教育你们的小孩, 确保你们的宠物来自合法途径。
breeder:n.饲养员;繁殖者;起因;增殖反应堆;
We need to act, and act now, before these ones are the only ones left. 我们要行动起来,现在就要开始行动, 在这些动物灭绝之前。
Thank you very much. 非常感谢.
(Applause) （掌声）