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JudyJohnston_2013U-_为生命的终结做好准备_
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| What would be a good end of life? |
什么是一个生活美好的结尾？ |
| And I'm talking about the very end. |
我所说的是最终的结尾 |
| I'm talking about dying. |
我所说的是死亡 |
| We all think a lot about how to live well. |
我们都在想如何更好的生活 |
| I'd like to talk about increasing our chances of dying well. |
而我想要谈的是如何更美好地告别人生 |
| I'm not a geriatrician. |
我并不是老年病学家 |
| I design reading programs for preschoolers . |
我为学前班的孩子设计阅读课程 |
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preschoolers:n.学龄前儿童(preschooler的复数形式);
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| What I know about this topic comes from a qualitative study with a sample size of two. |
我对这个话题的了解 来源于一个定性的研究,其中有两个案例 |
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qualitative:adj.定性的;质的,性质上的;
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| In the last few years, I helped two friends have the end of life they wanted. |
在过去的几年,我帮助两个好朋友 以他们想要的方式,结束了他们的生命 |
| Jim and Shirley Modini spent their 68 years of marriage living off the grid on their 1,700-acre ranch in the mountains of Sonoma County . |
Jim 和 Shirley Modini 度过了他们68年的婚姻生活 生活在远离城镇的,1,700英亩的牧场里 Sonoma 县的山区 |
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grid:n.网格;格子,栅格;输电网; ranch:n.大农场;大牧场;v.经营牧场;在牧场工作; Sonoma:n.索诺玛(公司名);新一代迅驰; County:n.郡,县;
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| They kept just enough livestock to make ends meet so that the majority of their ranch would remain a refuge for the bears and lions and so many other things that lived there. |
他们喂养了仅仅是能养活他们自己的家禽 所以这大部分的牧场变成了避难所 给熊,狮子和其他的动物 生活在那里 |
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livestock:n.家畜;牲畜; make ends meet:收支相抵;量入为出; majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人: refuge:n.避难所;庇护;慰藉;庇护者;v.避难;(古)庇护;
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| This was their dream. |
这正是他们的梦想 |
| I met Jim and Shirley in their 80s. |
我在两个老人年迈八十的时候遇见他们 |
| They were both only children who chose not to have kids. |
他们只有一个子女,而他选择不要孩子 |
| As we became friends, I became their trustee and their medical advocate , but more importantly, I became the person who managed their end-of-life experiences. |
当我们成为朋友后,我变成了他们的托管人 与他们的医疗顾问 但是更重要的是 我成为了帮助他们结束生活的那个人 |
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trustee:n.受托人;托管人;vt.移交(财产或管理权)给受托人; advocate:v.拥护;支持;提倡;n.支持者;提倡者;辩护律师;出庭辩护人;
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| And we learned a few things about how to have a good end. |
并且我们学到了如何有个好的结局 |
| In their final years, Jim and Shirley faced cancers , fractures , infections , neurological illness. |
在最后的几年里, Jim 和 Shirley 他们面对着癌症,骨折,传染病和神经上上的疾病 |
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cancers:n.癌; (Cancers是cancer的复数) fractures:v.(使)断裂,折断,破裂;(使)分裂;(fracture的第三人称单数) infections:n.传染病;口腔病害(infection复数形式); neurological:adj.神经病学的,神经学上的;
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| It's true. |
这是真的 |
| At the end, our bodily functions and independence are declining to zero. |
人到了最后,我们身体的功能 和独立性会降低到零 |
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bodily:adv.整体地;亲自地;以肉体形式;adj.身体的;肉体的; independence:n.独立;独立性;自恃心;独立不羁的精神; declining:v.减少;下降;衰弱;谢绝;婉言拒绝;(decline的现在分词)
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| What we found is that, with a plan and the right people, quality of life can remain high. |
我们发现,如果有正确的计划和人 他们还是可以拥有高品质的生活 |
| The beginning of the end is triggered by a mortality awareness event, and during this time, |
结束的开始是被其他所引起的 像对死亡的意识并且在此期间 |
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triggered:v.发动;引起;触发;开动;起动;(trigger的过去分词和过去式) mortality:n.死亡数,死亡率;必死性,必死的命运; awareness:n.意识,认识;明白,知道;
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| Jim and Shirley chose ACR nature preserves to take their ranch over when they were gone. |
Jim 和 Shirley 选择了ACR 自然保护区 在他们去世后接手牧场 |
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preserves:n.果酱;蜜饯;
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| This gave them the peace of mind to move forward. |
这给了他们一片祥和,然后继续前行 |
| It might be a diagnosis . It might be your intuition . |
这可能是个诊断,也可能是你的直觉 |
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diagnosis:n.诊断; intuition:n.直觉;直觉力;直觉的知识;
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| But one day, you're going to say, "This thing is going to get me." |
有一天,你会说,这样的事情会打垮我 |
| Jim and Shirley spent this time letting friends know that their end was near and that they were okay with that. |
Jim 和 Shirley 用这些时间 让他们的朋友知道,离他们离开人世的时间不远了 而他们对此没有埋怨 |
| Dying from cancer and dying from neurological illness are different. |
因为患癌症与神经疾病而死去 是不一样的 |
| In both cases, last days are about quiet reassurance . |
两种情况,最后的几天都非常安详 |
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reassurance:n.使安心,再保证;
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| Jim died first. He was conscious until the very end, but on his last day he couldn't talk. |
Jim 先离去, 到最后他都非常的清醒 但是在他最后一天,他说不了话 |
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conscious:adj.意识到的;故意的;神志清醒的;
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| Through his eyes, we knew when he needed to hear again, "It is all set, Jim. We're going to take care of Shirley right here at the ranch, and ACR's going to take care of your wildlife forever." |
通过他的眼睛,我们知道当他想听我们说话 “什么都很好,Jim。 我们会好好照顾 Shirley。 就在此时,在牧场 ACR 会永远帮你保护好这里的野生动植物 |
| From this experience I'm going to share five practices. |
从这个经历中,我想和大家分享五个方案 |
| I've put worksheets online, so if you'd like, you can plan your own end. |
我已经把步骤公布在了网上 所以如果你愿意,你可以计划你自己结束的方式 |
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worksheets:n.工作表(worksheet的复数);学习单;
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| It starts with a plan. |
这个步骤以着手计划开始 |
| Most people say, "I'd like to die at home." |
很多人会说”我愿意死在家里. |
| Eighty percent of Americans die in a hospital or a nursing home . |
但是百分之八十的美国人,在医院里死去 或者是养老院 |
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nursing home:养老院;
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| Saying we'd like to die at home is not a plan. |
所以说想死在家里,并不是一个计划 |
| A lot of people say, "If I get like that, just shoot me." |
很多人又会说“如果我像那样,一枪打死我” |
| This is not a plan either; this is illegal . |
这也不是,因为不合法 |
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illegal:adj.不合法的;非法的;n.非法移民;非法劳工;
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| (Laughter) |
（笑声） |
| A plan involves answering straightforward questions about the end you want. |
这个计划是能包含了回应的 直接了当关于你想如何结束的问题 |
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involves:v.包含;需要;牵涉;牵连;影响;(使)参加,加入(involve的第三人称单数) straightforward:adj.简单的;坦率的;明确的;径直的;adv.直截了当地;坦率地;
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| Where do you want to be when you're no longer independent ? |
如果你不能再独立,你希望自己在哪里？ |
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independent:adj.独立的; n.无党派议员(或候选人等);
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| What do you want in terms of medical intervention ? |
你希望医疗保护的干预么？ |
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intervention:n.介入;调停;妨碍;
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| And who's going to make sure your plan is followed? |
谁能让你的计划继续紧接着进行 |
| You will need advocates . |
你需要顾问 |
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advocates:n.拥护者; vt.主张(advocate的第三人称单数);
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| Having more than one increases your chance of getting the end you want. |
拥有多个顾问增加了 你获得想要的结果的可能性 |
| Don't assume the natural choice is your spouse or child. |
不要断然的说你的配偶和孩子是你最合适的选择 |
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assume:v.承担;假定;采取;呈现; spouse:n.配偶;vt.和…结婚;
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| You want someone who has the time and proximity to do this job well, and you want someone who can work with people under the pressure of an ever-changing situation. |
你需要的是一个有时间和亲近感的人 如果你需要顺利的进行,你需要这样的人 那些可以与有压力的人一起工作的人 有着变化莫测的可能性 |
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proximity:n.接近,[数]邻近;接近;接近度,距离;亲近; ever-changing:adj.千变万化的;常变的;
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| Hospital readiness is critical . |
医院随时准备就绪很重要 |
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readiness:n.敏捷,迅速;准备就绪;愿意; critical:adj.鉴定的;[核]临界的;批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的;决定性的;评论的;
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| You are likely to be headed to the emergency room , and you want to get this right. |
你可能随时被带入急救室 而你也希望准确无误的做到这一点 |
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emergency room:n.急诊室;
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| Prepare a one-page summary of your medical history, medications and physician information. |
所以,准备一页你的医疗病史 药物治疗,和医生信息 |
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summary:adj.简易的;扼要的;n.概要,摘要,总结; medications:n.药;药物;(medication的复数) physician:n.[医]医师;内科医师;
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| Put this in a really bright envelope with copies of your insurance cards, your power of attorney , and your do-not-resuscitate order. |
把这些放在一个很明显的信封里 并一同放入你的保险卡,和委托书 与你不想要恢复的命令 |
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envelope:n.信封,封皮;包膜;[天]包层;包迹; insurance:n.保险;保险业;保险费;保费;adj.胜券在握的; power of attorney:n.(商业或金融等事务的)代表权;授权书;委托书;
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| Have advocates keep a set in their car. |
把这些留一份给你的顾问 |
| Tape a set to your refrigerator. |
并把录像放入冰箱里 |
| When you show up in the E.R. with this packet, your admission is streamlined in a material way. |
当你出现在急诊室,带着这样的包裹 你把许可用合法的文件合理化 |
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admission:n.入场费;进入权;招供;门票费; streamlined:adj.流线型的; v.使成流线型;
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| You're going to need caregivers . |
你将需要看护人 |
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caregivers:n.照顾者;看护人(caregiver的复数);
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| You'll need to assess your personality and financial situation to determine whether an elder care community or staying at home is your best choice. |
你需要评估你的人格和财政状况 去决定你是否需要养老社区 或者呆在家里,是你最好的选择 |
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assess:vt.评定;估价;对…征税; personality:n.性格;个性;人格;魅力;气质;名人;特色; financial:adj.金融的;财政的,财务的; determine:v.决定;确定;测定;查明;形成;影响;裁决;安排; community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体;
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| In either case, do not settle . |
不管哪种情况,都不要定下来 |
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settle:v.定居;结算;停留;确定;n.高背长椅(老式木家具,有扶手,座下多带柜);
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| We went through a number of not-quite-right caregivers before we found the perfect team led by Marcia , who won't let you win at bingo just because you're dying |
我们看到过一些不太称职的看护 在我们找到最好的团队之前 以Marcia领导的团队 我们不会因为你将死去就敷衍了事 |
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Marcia:n.玛西亚(拉丁女战神); bingo:int.答对了;n.宾戈游戏;
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| but will go out and take videos of your ranch for you when you can't get out there, and Caitlin, who won't let you skip your morning exercises but knows when you need to hear that your wife is in good hands. |
我们会将你所拥有的录成视频 当你如果不能离开疗养院 而Caitlin 不过让你省略每天的晨练 但是知道什么时候你想听到 你的妻子被照顾得很好 |
| Finally , last words. |
最后,遗言 |
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Finally:adv.终于;最终;(用于列举)最后;彻底地;
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| What do you want to hear at the very end, and from whom would you like to hear it? |
在生命的最后,你想听到什么 想听谁说这些 |
| In my experience, you'll want to hear that whatever you're worried about is going to be fine. |
从我的经验来说,你想听到的 是那些你担心的事情,都会好起来 |
| When you believe it's okay to let go, you will. |
当你真正的相信了,你就放下了,你会的 |
| So, this is a topic that normally inspires fear and denial . |
所以,这是一个关于鼓励恐惧与否定的话题 |
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normally:adv.正常地;通常地,一般地; inspires:激励;赋予灵感(inspire的第三人称单数); denial:n.否认;否定;剥夺(应有的权利);拒不承认(令人不快、痛苦的事);
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| What I've learned is if we put some time into planning our end of life, we have the best chance of maintaining our quality of life. |
我学到的是 如果我们有计划的规划人生的最后 我们会有最大的可能去维护我们生活的质量 |
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maintaining:n.维护;保养;v.维持;保养;(maintain的现在分词)
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| Here are Jim and Shirley just after deciding who would take care of their ranch. |
这是Jim 和 Shirley,当他们决定了之后 谁会照看他们的牧场 |
| Here's Jim just a few weeks before he died, celebrating a birthday he didn't expect to see. |
这是Jim, 死之前的几个星期 意外的收获到了一个庆生会 |
| And here's Shirley just a few days before she died being read an article in that day's paper about the significance of the wildlife refuge at the Modini ranch. |
这是Shirley,她离去前的几天 看到自己上了报纸 关于野生动植物避难所的重要性 在Modini 牧场 |
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significance:n.意义;重要性;意思;
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| Jim and Shirley had a good end of life, and by sharing their story with you, |
Jim 和 Shirley 有了很好的结束 在这里分享着他们的故事 |
| I hope to increase our chances of doing the same. |
我希望能大家也能有同样美满的结点 |
| Thank you. |
谢谢 |
| (Applause) |
（鼓掌） |