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JonasGahrStore_2011X-_为对话而辩_
Amongst all the troubling deficits we struggle with today -- we think of financial and economic primarily -- the ones that concern me most is the deficit of political dialogue -- our ability to address modern conflicts as they are, to go to the source of what they're all about and to understand the key players and to deal with them. 当今我们与之斗争的所有不足中 大家认为经济和金融缺陷是最紧要的 但最使我担忧的 是政治对话的不足 - 包括我们处理实际上的 现代冲突的能力, 追溯到这些冲突问题本源的能力, 以及理解关键人物, 并与他们沟通的能力。
Amongst:prep.在…之中;在…当中(等于among); deficits:n.[财政]赤字,亏损(deficit的复数形式); financial:adj.金融的;财政的,财务的; economic:adj.经济的,经济上的;经济学的; primarily:adv.首先;主要地,根本上; concern:v.涉及,关系到;使担心;n.关系;关心;关心的事; conflicts:n.冲突; v.抵触; source:n.来源;水源;原始资料;
We who are diplomats , we are trained to deal with conflicts between states and issues between states. 作为外交家 我们专门处理国家之间的冲突和争议。
diplomats:外交官; issues:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;(issue的第三人称单数和复数)
And I can tell you, our agenda is full. 我可以告诉大家,我们的日程非常紧张
agenda:n.议事日程;
There is trade, there is disarmament , there is cross-border relations. 包括贸易,武装解除, 还有跨界关系。
disarmament:n.裁军; cross-border:adj.跨越边界的;国境线交叉的;
But the picture is changing, and we are seeing that there are new key players coming onto the scene. 但是情况在发生变化, 我们看到新的关键人物们 正在参与进来。
We loosely call them "groups." 我们广泛地称他们为“团体”,
loosely:adv.宽松地;放荡地;轻率地;
They may represent social, religious , political, economic, military realities. 他们可能代表着社会、宗教、 政治、经济、军事实体。
represent:v.代表;表现;描绘;回忆;再赠送; religious:adj.宗教的;虔诚的;严谨的;修道的;n.修道士;尼姑; military:adj.军事的;军人的;适于战争的;n.军队;军人;
And we struggle with how to deal with them. 我们在苦苦奋斗着学习怎样和他们打交道。
The rules of engagement : how to talk, when to talk, and how to deal with them. 交涉时特别要注意: 怎样交谈,何时交谈 和怎样应对他们。
engagement:n.婚约;约会;交战;诺言;n.参与度;
Let me show you a slide here which illustrates the character of conflicts since 1946 until today. 让我在这里展示一张幻灯片 它阐述了从1946年至今 所发生的冲突的类型。
illustrates:v.阐明;举例说明(illustrate的三单形式);给…加插图;
You see the green is a traditional interstate conflict, the ones we used to read about. 你们看到的绿色部分 是传统的国与国之间的冲突 我们以前读到的那种。
traditional:传统的,惯例的, interstate:adj.州际的;州与州之间的;n.(美)州际公路;
The red is modern conflict, conflicts within states. 红色部分是现代冲突, 属于国家内部的冲突。
These are quite different, and they are outside the grasp of modern diplomacy . 它和传统的冲突有很大的不同 而且并非现代外交手段 所能掌控。
grasp:n.抓住;理解;控制;v.抓住;领会; diplomacy:n.外交;外交手腕;交际手段;
And the core of these key actors are groups who represent different interests inside countries. 其参与者中的核心 是团体 这些团体代表着国内的 不同利益。
core:n.核心;要点;果心;[计]磁心;vt.挖...的核;
And the way they deal with their conflicts rapidly spreads to other countries. 而且他们处理冲突的不同方式,会迅速影响到其他国家。
So in a way, it is everybody's business. 所以在某种程度上,这与每个人都息息相关。
Another acknowledgment we've seen during these years, recent years, is that very few of these domestic interstate, intrastate conflicts can be solved militarily . 这些年来,我们所学到的另一个教训就是, 近年来, 很少有 国家内部的冲突 能够通过军事解决。
acknowledgment:n.感谢;承认;承认书; domestic:n.佣人;家佣;家庭纠纷;家庭矛盾;adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的; intrastate:adj.州内的; militarily:adv.在军事上;从军事角度;以武力;以军事行动;
They may have to be dealt with with military means, but they cannot be solved by military means. 军事手段有时是必须的, 但却治标不治本。
They need political solutions. 它们需要政治方案的介入。
And we, therefore, have a problem, because they escape traditional diplomacy. 所以这里我们有个难题, 那就是这些团体脱离了传统外交的范畴。
And we have among states a reluctance in dealing with them. 而且各个国家 普遍不愿意和他们打交道。
reluctance:n.[电磁]磁阻;勉强;不情愿;
Plus, during the last decade, we've been in the mode where dealing with groups was conceptually and politically dangerous. 再加上,在过去的十年中, 我们一直处于紧张状态 在和一些概念上和政治上 的恐怖团体打交道。
conceptually:adv.概念地; politically:adv.政治上;
After 9/11, either you were with us or against us. 9·11后, 非友即敌。
It was black or white. 黑白分明。
And groups are very often immediately label terrorists. 一些团体常常 被武断地贴上恐怖分子的标签。
label:n.标签;标记;谓;唱片公司;v.贴标签于;用标签标明;
And who would talk to terrorists? 而谁愿意和恐怖分子谈？
The West, as I would see it, comes out of that decade weakened , because we didn't understand the group. 如我所知,西方国家 在近十年大大衰弱, 有很大的原因是因为我们不了解这些团体。
weakened:v.(使)虚弱,衰弱;减弱;削弱;动摇;(weaken的过去分词和过去式)
So we've spent more time on focusing on why we should not talk to others than finding out how we talk to others. 我们花了大量时间 研究我们为什么不和他们对话 而不是怎样和他们对话。
Now I'm not naive . 当然,我也不天真。
naive:adj.天真的,幼稚的;
You cannot talk to everybody all the time. 在对话中你不能一直和人谈。
And there are times you should walk. 有时你应该起身离开。
And sometimes military intervention is necessary. 并有时军事干预是必要的。
intervention:n.介入;调停;妨碍;
I happen to believe that Libya was necessary and that military intervention in Afghanistan was also necessary. 我认为对利比亚军事干预是必要的 而且对阿富汗的军事干预也是必要的。
Libya:n.埃及以西的北非地方古名;利比亚; Afghanistan:n.阿富汗(国家名称,位于亚洲);
And my country relies on its security through military alliance , that's clear. 我的国家通过军事联盟 保障了安全,这显而易见。
relies:信任; alliance:n.联盟,联合;联姻;
But still we have a large deficit in dealing with and understanding modern conflict. 但是我们在理解解决现代冲突方面 仍有很多不足。
Let us turn to Afghanistan. 让我们看看阿富汗。
10 years after that military intervention, that country is far from secure. 那次军事干预的十年后, 这个国家依旧动荡不安。
The situation, to be honest, is very serious. 说实话,那里的情况非常严峻,
Now again, the military is necessary, but the military is no problem-solver. 需要再一次的军事干预, 但是军事并不能解决问题。
When I first came to Afghanistan in 2005 as a foreign minister, 2005年,当我以外交部长的身份去过阿富汗,
I met the commander of ISAF, the international troops. 我见到了ISAF(国际安全援助部队) 的总指挥。
commander:n.指挥官;司令官;
And he told me that, "This can be won militarily, minister. 他告诉我, 军事手段可以克敌制胜,部长。“
We just have to persevere ." “我们只不过需要坚持一下。
persevere:vi.坚持;不屈不挠;固执己见(在辩论中);
Now four COM ISAF's later, we hear a different message: "This cannot be won militarily. 现在,在更换了四位总指挥后, 我们听到了不同意见: ”单靠军事无法胜利。
We need military presence , but we need to move to politics . 我们需要军事干预, 但也需求助于政治活动。
presence:n.存在;出席;参加;风度;仪态; politics:n.政治;钩心斗角;政治观点;v.(贬)从事政治活动;(politic的第三人称单数)
We can only solve this through a political solution . 我们只有通过政治方案才能彻底解决问题。
solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
And it is not us who will solve it; 而且解铃还须系铃人;
Afghans have to solve it." 阿富汗人必须自己解决。“
But then they need a different political process than the one they were given in 2001, 2002. 但是他们需要一个不同于2011,2002年 的政治进程。
process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的;
They need an inclusive process where the real fabric of this very complicated society can deal with their issues. 他们需要一个包容的进程 一个能使这个复杂社会的基层群众 解决他们的问题的进程。
inclusive:adj.包括的,包含的; fabric:n.织物;布料;(社会,机构等的)结构; complicated:adj.复杂的;难懂的;v.使复杂化;(complicate的过去分词和过去式)
Everybody seems to agree with that. 每个人都好像同意这个观点。
It was very controversial to say three, four, five years ago. 三、四、五年前,这个观点还非常有争议。
controversial:adj.有争议的;有争论的;
Now everybody agrees. 现在每个人都同意了。
But now, as we prepare to talk, we understand how little we know. 但是现在,当我们准备对话时, 我们发现自己所知甚少。
Because we didn't talk. 因为我们太久不对话了。
We didn't grasp what was going on. 我们之前没有意识到它的重要性。
The International Committee of the Red Cross, the ICRC, is talking to everyone, and it is doing so because it is neutral . 国际红十字会（ICRC） 与每个人都对话, 它这样做是因为它是中立机构。
Committee:n.委员会; neutral:n.中立国; adj.中立的;
And that's one reason why that organization probably is the best informed key player to understand modern conflict -- because they talk. 这也是为什么 红十字会可能是 国际冲突中 最消息灵通的角色 因为他们敢于去对话。
organization:n.组织;机构;体制;团体; informed:adj.见多识广的; v.通知; (inform的过去分词和过去式)
My point is that you don't have to be neutral to talk. 我的观点是中立并非对话的必要条件。
And you don't have to agree when you sit down with the other side. 并且,当你坐下来对话时 你不必同意对方的观点。
And you can always walk. 你随时可以走开。
But if you don't talk, you can't engage the other side. 但如果你不谈 你将无法与对方交流。
And the other side which you're going to engage is the one with whom you profoundly disagree. 而你准备与之交流的对方 却恰恰有着你最不认同的观点。
profoundly:adv.深刻地;深深地;极度地;
Prime Minister Rabin said when he engaged the Oslo process, "You don't make peace with your friends, you make peace with your enemies." 以色利前总理拉宾在参与奥斯陆协议时,曾说过, “你无法与朋友共创和平, 只能与敌人握手言和。“
Prime Minister:n.首相;总理; engaged:adj.已订婚的; v.吸引住; (engage的过去分词和过去式) make peace with:与…言归于好;与…讲和;休战;
It's hard, but it is necessary. 这很艰难,但却非常必要。
Let me go one step further. 让我们再进一步看。
This is Tahrir Square. 这是里尔广场。
There's a revolution going on. 这里正在进行一场革命。
revolution:n.革命;旋转;运行;循环;
The Arab Spring is heading into fall and is moving into winter. 阿拉伯之春进入秋季 并走向寒冬。
It will last for a long, long time. 这将持续很长很长一段时间。
And who knows what it will be called in the end. 又有谁能预知结果。
That's not the point. 这不是重点。
The point is that we are probably seeing, for the first time in the history of the Arab world, a revolution bottom-up -- people's revolution. 重点是我们可能在见证, 阿拉伯世界在有史以来 第一次爆发由下而上的革命; 人民的革命。
bottom-up:adj.[计]自底向上的;从细节到总体的;
Social groups are taking to the streets. 社会团体纷纷走上街头。
And we find out in the West that we know very little about what's happening. 然而西方国家却发现 我们对这些知之甚少。
Because we never talk to the people in these countries. 因为我们从不与这些国家的人民们对话。
Most governments followed the dictate of the authoritarian leaders to stay away from these different groups, because they were terrorists. 大多数西方政府服从 权威领导的指示, 把这些不同的团体当做恐怖分子, 和他们保持距离。
dictate:v.决定;口述;支配;强行规定;n.规定;命令; authoritarian:adj.独裁主义的;权力主义的;n.权力主义者;独裁主义者;
So now that they are emerging in the street and we salute the democratic revolution, we find out how little we know. 所以现在当他们走上街头时 我们除了向民主革命致敬外爱莫能助, 因为我们所知甚少。
emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词) salute:n.致敬,欢迎;敬礼;v.行礼致敬,欢迎;致意,打招呼;行礼; democratic:adj.民主的;民主政治的;大众的;
Right now, the discussion goes, "Should we talk to the Muslim Brotherhood ? 现在,讨论变成了, “我们真的应该与穆斯林兄弟会对话吗？
Brotherhood:n.兄弟关系;手足情谊;四海之内皆兄弟的信念;
Should we talk to Hamas? 与哈马斯对话？
If we talk to them, we may legitimize them." 如果对话,我们可能使其合法化。“
legitimize:vt.使…合法;立为嫡嗣;
I think that is wrong. 我认为这是错误观点
If you talk in the right way, you make it very clear that talking is not agreeing. 如果你以正确的方式对话,你将明白 对话并不等同于赞成。
And how can we tell the Muslim Brotherhood, as we should, that they must respect minority rights, if we don't accept majority rights? 穆斯林兄弟会可能是多数派 如果我们不和他们谈判 就是不尊重多数人的权利, 那我们有义务,但又有什么脸面去告诉穆斯林兄弟会,
minority:n.少数民族;少数派;未成年;adj.少数的;属于少数派的; majority:n.大部分:大多数:多数票:成年人:
Because they may turn out to be a majority. 他们必须尊重少数人的权利？
How can we escape [having] a double-standard , if we at the same time preach democracy and at the same time don't want to deal with the groups that are representative ? 我们又怎能只许州官放火,不许百姓点灯, 一边宣扬民主, 一边 不愿和有代表性的团体打交道？
double-standard:双重标准; at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时; preach:v.宣扬;说教;布道;n.说教;训诫; democracy:n.民主,民主主义;民主政治; representative:n.代表; adj.典型的;
How will we ever be interlocutors? 我们又怎能做好对话者？
Now my diplomats are instructed to talk to all these groups. 现在我的外交官们被指示 必须与这些团体对话。
But talking can be done in different ways. 但是对话可以采取不同的形式。
We make a distinction between talking from a diplomatic level and talking at the political level. 我们把对话区分为外交层面的 和政治层面的
distinction:n.区别;区分;差别;卓越; diplomatic:adj.外交的;从事外交的;有手腕的;灵活变通的;
Now talking can be accompanied with aid or not with aid. 对话既可以伴随着援助,也可以无援助
accompanied:v.陪同;陪伴;与…同时发生;为…伴奏;(accompany的过去式和过去分词)
Talking can be accompanied with inclusion or not inclusion. 对话可以达成协议,也可以不达成协议
inclusion:n.包含;内含物;
There's a big array of the ways of dealing with this. 处理对话 有很多种方式。
array:n.数组,阵列;排列,列阵;大批,一系列;衣服;v.排列,部署;打扮;
So if we refuse to talk to these new groups that are going to be dominating the news in years to come, we will further radicalization , 但如果我们拒绝 与即将登上舞台的新兴团体 展开对话, 我们将日趋偏激,
dominating:adj.个性强势的; v.支配; (dominate的现在分词) radicalization:n.激进,激进化;
I believe. 我认为如此。
We will make the road from violent activities into politics harder to travel. 我们将使暴力运动一发不可收拾 政治公平更难践行
violent:adj.暴力的;猛烈的;
And if we cannot demonstrate to these groups that if you move towards democracy, if you move towards taking part in civilized and normal standards among states, there are some rewards on the other side . 我们将很难向这些团体展示 如果你们为民主而努力, 共同参与 建立文明的合理的国家制度, 你们将另有收获。
demonstrate:vt.证明;展示;论证;vi.示威; civilized:adj.文明的; v.教化; (civilize的过去式和过去分词) standards:n.标准,水平,规格(standard的复数) rewards:n.[劳经]奖励; v.[劳经]奖赏; on the other side:另一面;在另一边;
The paradox here is that the last decade probably was a lost decade for making progress on this. 然而 过去的十年,我们在这一方面 做得十分失败
paradox:n.悖论,反论;似非而是的论点;自相矛盾的人或事;
And the paradox is that the decade before the last decade was so promising -- and for one reason primarily. 可是,这失败的十年之前的十年里,世界因为一个原因 而充满了希望
And the reason is what happened in South Africa: 这个原因发生于南非:
Nelson Mandela. 纳尔逊·曼德拉身上。
When Mandela came out of prison after 27 years of captivity , if he had told his people, "It's time to take up the arms, it's time to fight," 当曼德拉在被关押27年后 出狱时, 如果他告诉人们, “是时候拿起武器了, 是时候起来反抗了。”
captivity:n.囚禁;被关;
he would have been followed. 那将振臂一呼,应者云集。
And I think the international community would have said, " Fair enough . 我想国际社会也会说 “很公平,
community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; Fair enough:同意或接受但有所保留;
It's their right to fight." 他们有反抗的权利。”
Now as you know, Mandela didn't do that. 如你所知,曼德拉并没有那么做。
In his memoirs , "Long Road to Freedom," 在他的回忆录《漫漫自由路》里
memoirs:n.回忆录;
he wrote that he survived during those years of captivity because he always decided to look upon his oppressor as also being a human being, also being a human being. 他写道他之所以 能够在多年监禁中存活下来 是因为他一直把他的压迫者也看作 同是人类的一份子。 同是人类的一份子。
oppressor:n.压迫者;残暴的统治者;暴君;
So he engaged a political process of dialogue, not as a strategy of the weak, but as a strategy of the strong. 然后他促成了政治对话 这并非软弱 而是另一种勇敢
strategy:n.策略;行动计划;部署;战略;
And he engaged talking profoundly by settling some of the most tricky issues through a truth and reconciliation process where people came and talked. 他进行了深刻的对话 通过与参与者 真诚而和谐的对话 解决了最棘手的问题
settling:n.安置;固定;沉淀物;移居;v.解决;安居;(settle的现在分词) tricky:adj.难办的;难对付的;狡猾的;诡计多端的; reconciliation:n.和解;调和;和谐;甘愿;
Now South African friends will know that was very painful . 南非朋友们应该知道 这有多么艰难
painful:adj.痛苦的;疼痛的;令人不快的;
So what can we learn from all of this? 那么,我们可以从中学到什么？
Dialogue is not easy -- not between individuals , not between groups, not between governments -- but it is very necessary. 对话并不简单 个体之间,团体之间,政府之间的对话都很难 但却十分必要
individuals:n.[经]个人;[生物]个体(individual的复数);
If we're going to deal with political conflict-solving of conflicts, if we're going to understand these new groups which are coming from bottom-up, supported by technology , which is available to all, 如果我们想通过政治手段解决冲突, 如果我们想了解这些新团体 这些自下而上的团体, 拜科技所赐,这并非难事,
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语;
we diplomats cannot be sitting back in the banquets believing that we are doing interstate relations. 我们外交家不能流连于高级宴会中 自欺欺人地以为自己在处理国际关系。
banquets:n.宴会;庆祝酒会(banquet的复数);v.宴请;设宴招待(banquet的三单形式);
We have to connect with these profound changes. 我们必须接触 这些深刻的变化。
And what is dialogue really about? 对话的本质究竟是什么？
When I enter into dialogue, 当我进行对话时,
enter into:进入;讨论;成为…的一部分;研讨;分享;体谅;
I really hope that the other side would pick up my points of view, that I would impress upon them my opinions and my values. 我由衷希望对方 能够认同我的观点, 我要用自己的观点和价值观 打动他们
impress:v.盖印;强征;传送;给予某人深刻印象;
I cannot do that unless I send the signals that I will be open to listen to the other side's signals. 除非我对对方的观点表现出 倾听的态度 否则,我将无法达成目的。
We need a lot more training on how to do that and a lot more practice on how that can take problem-solving forward. 我们需要大量的训练和实践 来学习怎样达成上述目标 和怎样促成问题的解决。
problem-solving:adj.问题解决的;n.解决问题;找出问题的答案;
We know from our personal experiences that it's easy sometimes just to walk, and sometimes you may need to fight. 从个人经历出发 我们知道谈判中 有时需要起身离开, 有时需要据理力争。
personal:adj.个人的;身体的;亲自的;n.人事消息栏;人称代名词;
And I wouldn't say that is the wrong thing in all circumstances . 我不会一概地否定这些策略。
circumstances:n.情况;环境;情形;(circumstance的复数)
Sometimes you have to. 有时你必须如此。
But that strategy seldom takes you very far. 但这些策略帮助不大。
The alternative is a strategy of engagement and principled dialogue. 真正有用的策略是 使对话更加有原则有保障。
alternative:adj.供选择的;选择性的;交替的;n.二中择一;供替代的选择; principled:adj.有原则的;有操守的;
And I believe we need to strengthen this approach in modern diplomacy, not only between states, but also within states. 我认为在现代外交中 要加强这一方面, 无论是国家之间, 还是在国家内部。
approach:n.方法;路径;v.接近;建议;着手处理;
We are seeing some new signs. 我们看到了许多新的迹象。
We could never have done the convention against anti-personnel landmines and the convention that is banning cluster munitions unless we had done diplomacy differently, by engaging with civil society. 如果文明社会 不采取新的外交手段 我们永远都 无法看到反地雷运动 无法达成《集束弹药公约》
convention:n.习俗;惯例;协定;常规; anti-personnel:人员杀伤; landmines:n.地雷(landmine的复数); banning:n.禁止;禁令;v.禁止;取缔;限制(ban的ing形式);adj.禁止的; cluster:n.群;簇;丛;串;vi.群聚;丛生;vt.使聚集;聚集在某人的周围; munitions:n.[军]军需品(尤指武器弹药); v.供应…军需品; engaging:adj.有趣的; v.吸引住(注意力、兴趣); (engage的现在分词)
All of a sudden , 突然之间,
All of a sudden:突然地,出乎意料地;
NGOs were not only standing in the streets, crying their slogans , but they were taking [them] into the negotiations , partly because they represented the victims of these weapons. 非政府组织不再仅仅站在街头,高呼口号, 而是投入到沟通交流中, 因为他们代表了这些武器的受害者。
slogans:n.口号(slogan复数); negotiations:n.谈判(negotiation的复数);磋商; represented:v.代表; (represent的过去式和过去分词)
And they brought their knowledge. 而且他们利用了自己的知识。
And there was an interaction between diplomacy and the power coming bottom-up. 在外交和底层力量之间 有一个互动。
interaction:n.[计]交互,相互作用;相互交流;干扰;
This is perhaps a first element of a change. 这也许是变革发生的 第一要素。
element:n.元素;要素;原理;成分;自然环境;
In the future, I believe, we should draw examples from these different illustrations , not to have diplomacy which is disconnected from people and civil society. 我认为,在未来 我们将从这些例子中学到更多, 拥有不再脱离人民和社会的 崭新外交。
illustrations:n.[印刷]插图;插画(illustration的复数); disconnected:adj.分离的; v.切断(煤气、水或电的供应); (disconnect的过去式和过去分词)
And we have to go also beyond traditional diplomacy to the survival issue of our times, climate change. 在面对当今时代 人类生死攸关的议题 ——气候变化时, 我们也要超越传统外交。
survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物;
How are we going to solve climate change through negotiations, unless we are able to make civil society and people, not part of the problem, but part of the solution? 如果我们相互推 而不承担自己应尽的义务, 又怎能通过交流解决气候问题？
It is going to demand an inclusive process of diplomacy very different from the one we are practicing today as we are heading to new rounds of difficult climate negotiations, but when we move toward something which has to be much more along a broad mobilization . 在进行新的,更艰难的气候谈判时 我们需要不同于现在践行的 更加包容的外交程序 此时我们需要动员 更广泛的力量 去达成某个目标。
mobilization:n.动员;调动;
It's crucial to understand, I believe, because of technology and because of globalization , societies from bottom-up. 我认为,理解至关重要。 因为科技,因为全球化 和由下而上的社会团体的力量。
crucial:adj.重要的;决定性的;定局的;决断的; globalization:n.全球化;
We as diplomats need to know the social capital of communities . 作为外交家 我们需要了解社会团体 的社会资本。
communities:n.社区;社会;团体;共有(community的复数)
What is it that makes people trust each other, not only between states, but also within states? 究竟是什么让国与国之间, 以及国内的人们之间, 彼此信任？
What is the legitimacy of diplomacy, of the the solution we devise as diplomats if they cannot be reflected and understood by also these broader forces of societies that we now very loosely call groups? 如果外交家设计的解决方案 不能被更广泛的社会力量 也就是我们泛称的”组织“ 所理解和认同, 我们又怎能使外交更加合理？
legitimacy:n.合法;合理;正统; devise:v.设计; n.[法]遗赠财产的遗嘱(或其中的条款); reflected:adj.反射的;得自他人的;v.反射;思考;(reflect的过去式和过去分词)
The good thing is that we are not powerless. 好在我们并非无能为力。
We have never had as many means of communication, means of being connected, means of reaching out, means of including. 我们有着前所未有的 交流方式、 联系手段、沟通途径、 和包容方式。
The diplomatic toolbox is actually full of different tools we can use to strengthen our communication. 外交工具箱 中 放满了可用的工具 来加强我们的交流。
toolbox:n.工具箱;
But the problem is that we are coming out of a decade where we had a fear of touching it. 但问题在于,9·11后近十年来 我们对沟通充满恐惧
Now, I hope, in the coming years, that we are able to demonstrate through some concrete examples that fear is receding and that we can take courage from that alliance with civil society in different countries to support their problem-solving, among the Afghans, inside the Palestinian population, between the peoples of Palestine and Israel . 现在,我希望接下来的日子里 我们能通过实际行动显示 恐惧已离我们而去 而我们能够从各个国家 从文明社会 的联盟中 汲取勇气 来支持各国解决冲突 让阿富汗人内部, 巴勒斯坦人内部, 和以色列与巴勒斯坦之间,都能化干戈为玉帛。
concrete:n.混凝土;adj.混凝土制的;确实的,具体的;vt.用混凝土覆盖 receding:v.逐渐远离;逐渐减弱;(头顶前部)头发停止生长;(recede的现在分词) Palestinian:adj.巴勒斯坦的;巴勒斯坦人的;n.巴勒斯坦人; Israel:n.以色列(亚洲国家);犹太人,以色列人;
And as we try to understand this broad movement across the Arab world, we are not powerless. 当我们试图理解阿拉伯世界 的大变迁时, 我们并非无能为力。
We need to improve the necessary skills, and we need the courage to use them. 我们需要改善交流技巧, 更需要对话的勇气。
improve:v.改进;改善;
In my country, 在我的国家,
I have seen how the council of Islamist groups and Christian groups came together, not as a government initiative , but they came together on their own initiative to establish contact and dialogue in ti mes where things were pretty low-key tension. 我曾见过伊斯兰教团体 和基督教团体 走到一起,并非政府促成, 而是出于自发行为, 在稍有摩擦时, 他们就主动通过对话达成一致。
council:n.(市、郡等的)政务委员会;市政(或地方管理)服务机构; Islamist:n.伊斯兰教主义者;回教教徒; initiative:n.倡议;主动性;积极性;主动权;adj.起始的; things:事物(thing的复数)
And when tension increased, they already had that dialogue, and that was a strength to deal with different issues. 当冲突升级时, 他们已有之前的对话, 这成为了重要的协调力量。
Our modern Western societies are more complex than before, in this time of migration . 我们现代的西方社会 因为移民热潮 而变得更加复杂多元
complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; migration:n.迁移;迁徙;转移;移居;
How are we going to settle and build a bigger "We" 如果不改善交流技巧我们又怎能
settle:v.定居;结算;停留;确定;n.高背长椅(老式木家具,有扶手,座下多带柜);
to deal with our issues if we don't improve our skills of communication? 建立一个和谐包容的“大家庭” 去解决争议？
So there are many reasons, and for all of these reasons, this is time and this is why we must talk. 以上是我们进行对话的原因 也正是这些原因 使对话毋庸置疑,刻不容缓。
Thank you for your attention. 谢谢大家的关注
(Applause) 掌声