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JohnWalker_2007P-_对伟大演奏的重新创作_
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| 99 percent of us have the dream of listeners . |
我们中百分之九十九的人都有做听众的梦想. |
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listeners:n.听众;监听器(listener的复数);
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| Not being the musicians -- the listeners, right? |
不是去做音乐家,而是做听众,对吧? |
| And we crave one thing, even though we kind of don't know it all the time. |
而且我们渴望一件事情, 尽管我们可能并不总会意识到这点. |
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crave:v.渴望;恳求;
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| We crave to be in the room with the musician the day it was recorded, the day it was played. |
我们渴望和音乐家在一个房间里 在录音的那天,在演奏的那天. |
| And we go to live concerts, and we get that as much as we can. |
然后我们去听现场音乐会,去尽可能地享受我们在现场所能感受的一切. |
| But then we listen to the other 99 percent of our stuff recorded. |
但是我们听到的另外百分之九十九的东西都是录音. |
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stuff:n.东西:物品:基本特征:v.填满:装满:标本:
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| And it turns out the further back you go in history, the little rougher it sounds. |
而结果你越是探寻历史久远的, 声音听起来就越有点儿粗糙. |
| And so we said, there's a solution to this. |
所以我们说,应该想个办法解决它. |
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solution:n.解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答;
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| Let's separate the performance , as a thing, out from the recording, which was how it was made. |
让我们把演奏作为一个事情分开, 以区别于录音,后者是制作的结果. |
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performance:n.性能;表现;业绩;表演;
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| You know, the thing with microphones in the room and all that day. |
你们知道,在那个年代,屋里都是麦克风. |
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microphones:n.[电子]麦克风(microphone的复数);
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| But the performance itself was how the musicians worked their fingers, and what instruments they were using. |
但演奏本事在于音乐家如何活动他们的手指, 以及他们使用的是什么乐器. |
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instruments:n.器械;仪器;器具;手段(instrument的复数)
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| And it's the data hidden inside the recording. |
需要的是那些隐藏在录音背后的数据. |
| In order to do this, it's a lot of hardware and software that runs in a very high resolution . |
为了做到这点,需要有很多的硬件和软件 需要有很高的分辨率. |
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hardware:n.计算机硬件;五金器具; resolution:n.解决;分辨;解析;决议;
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| And Yamaha makes an incredible thing called the Disklavier Pro , that looks like a nice grand piano there -- and you probably didn't realize it's going to do all these things -- |
所以雅马哈做了一件不可思议的东西叫做Disklavier Pro, 看起来像摆在那儿的漂亮的大钢琴 -- 而且你可能都没意识到它可以完成所有这些事情 -- |
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Yamaha:n.雅马哈(山叶)商标; incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; Pro:adv.赞成地;n.赞成者;赞成的意见;prep.赞成; grand piano:n.大钢琴;三角钢琴;
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| but full of solenoids , and fiber optics , and computers and all this kinds of stuff -- the highest resolution out of Japan. |
但它布满了螺线管,光纤,和计算机 和所有这类东西 -- 它拥有在日本最高的分辨率. |
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solenoids:n.[电]螺线管(solenoid的复数); fiber:n.纤维;光纤(等于fibre); optics:n.[光]光学;
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| And this just didn't work until we could cross this line that says high-definition . |
但这些都不管用,直道我们越过高清晰度这条线. |
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high-definition:高清晰度;
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| And we were able to cross this line, called the uncanny valley, in terms of -- artificial intelligence terms. |
而我们能够越过这条线,把它称作不可逾越的峡谷, 按照人工智能的说法. |
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uncanny:adj.神秘的;离奇的;可怕的; artificial intelligence:n.人工智能;
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| We have a process where we, you know, kind of put it into the computer and digitize it, and then a whole lot of analysis . |
我们有一套程序,你们知道, 可以把它输入电脑,数字化,然后进行一系列分析. |
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process:v.处理;加工;列队行进;n.过程,进行;方法,adj.经过特殊加工(或处理)的; digitize:vt.[计]数字化; analysis:n.分析;分解;验定;
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| And we look at every single note, and all the attributes of those notes: how hard they were struck, and how they were held down, and how you move the fingers. |
然后我们看每一个音符, 以及所有这些音符的特征: 用了多大劲儿弹奏,如何被控制, 还包括你如何移动手指. |
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attributes:v.把…归因于; n.属性; (attribute的第三人称单数和复数)
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| So we had to develop a whole new science of how you move your fingers. |
所以我们发展出一整套你是如何移动手指的全新科学. |
| And, you know, it's a thing your piano teacher teaches you, but we never had a science behind these kinds of things. |
而且,你们知道,钢琴老师教过你这些, 但我们还从来没有一门科学研究背后的这些事情. |
| I'm going to start with Glenn Gould. |
我要从格伦·古尔德开始. |
| He died 25 years ago this year, and was born 75 years ago this year. |
他25年前去世,75年前出生. |
| Was a beloved pianist, maybe the great cult pianist of the 20th century. |
是备受喜爱的钢琴家,也许是二十世纪最受崇拜的钢琴家. |
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beloved:adj.心爱的;挚爱的;n.心爱的人;亲爱的教友; cult:n.崇拜; adj.受特定群体欢迎的;
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| He just got tired of being in front of an audience, and felt like -- "a performing monkey," was, in fact, was his term. |
他就是厌倦了出现在听众面前, 而且觉得像是 一只演奏的猴子, 这实际是他的原话. |
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performing:adj.表演的;演奏的;v.做;执行;演出;运转(perform的现在分词)
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| So he stepped back, and did nothing but the crafting of his work. |
所以他退居幕后,不干其他事,专心磨练演奏技巧. |
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crafting:n.工艺;手工艺;v.精巧地制作;加工制作(craft的ing形式);
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| And Gould's specialty was playing Bach. |
古尔德最为擅长演奏巴赫. |
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specialty:n.专业,专长;特产;特性;招牌菜;adj.特色的;专门的;独立的;
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| His maybe most famous recording was something called "The Goldberg Variations ." |
也许他最有名的录音 是 戈德堡变奏曲. |
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Goldberg:n.犹太老板(尤指在黑人聚居区开店或雇用黑人的); Variations:n.变奏曲,变更;[生物]变种(variation的复数形式);
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| Bach only wrote themes and variations one time. |
巴赫曾经只写过主题和变奏曲. |
| He wrote some early pieces, but late in his life, in his mature period, he said, "Here's a theme -- 30 variations." |
他写过一些早期作品, 但他的晚年,在他的成熟时期, 他说, 这是一个主题 -- 30种变奏. |
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mature:v.成熟; adj.明白事理的;
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| In fact the theme isn't even the melody , it's the bass line. |
实际上这个主题甚至不是旋律,而是基本音. |
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melody:n.旋律;歌曲;美妙的音乐; bass:n.鲈鱼;男低音;低音部;椴树;adj.低音的;
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| And Gould recorded it in two major recordings that you may know about, one in mono , and one in stereo . |
于是古尔德录制了两个版本的唱片,这你们可能知道, 一个是未经处理的独奏,一个是立体声. |
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mono:adj.单声道的(唱片等的,等于mononucleosis);n.单声道放音; stereo:n.立体声;立体声音响;adj.立体(声)的;
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| And the one in mono, by the way , he used the pedal , and as he got older he said, "No, no, wait a minute. |
顺便说一句,在独奏里,他使用了脚踏板, 而当他年纪大些之后,他说, 不,不,等一下. |
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by the way:顺便说一下; pedal:v.踩踏板;骑车;n.踏板;脚蹬子;adj.脚的;脚踏的;
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| I'm going to get very scientific about this and not use the pedal." |
我想把它做得更科学而不用脚踏板. |
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scientific:adj.科学的,系统的;
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| What I'd like you to hear live is the 1955 version, and we'll play the first couple pieces of it. |
我想让你们在现场听到的是1955年版, 我们将放它的前几首. |
| Glenn Gould, 1955. |
格伦·古尔德, 1955年. |
| (Music) |
(音乐) |
| How about that? |
怎么样? |
| (Applause) |
(掌声) |
| So let me tell you a little bit how this was done. |
那么让我来告诉你这是如何完成的. |
| First of all , let me get you to the end step. |
首先,让我告诉你最后一步. |
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First of all:adv.首先;
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| This is -- we have a fairly complex process that, you know, software and musicians and so on, but when we're all done, we know that the ear is the final arbiter . |
那就是 -- 我们有一个相当复杂的过程 你们知道,这些软件,音乐家等等 但我们全部做完的时候,我们知道,耳朵才是最终的裁判. |
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fairly:adv.相当地;公平地;简直; complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施; arbiter:n.[法]仲裁者;裁决人;
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| We can play the original in one ear, and a new recording in the other. |
我们可以一个耳朵听原版,另一个耳朵听新版录音. |
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original:n.原件;原作;原物;原型;adj.原始的;最初的;独创的;新颖的;
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| So I'm going to do this for you right now, what you just heard. |
所以我现在要为你们做的,就是你们刚才所听到的. |
| And in the right speaker is going to be the original recording and the left speaker is going to be the new recording -- actually of an instrument just like that one, and I'm going to play them together at the same time . |
在右边的喇叭传出的是原版 左边的喇叭传出的是新版 -- 实际上就像那架大钢琴一样的乐器, 我将同时播放这两个版本. |
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at the same time:同时;另一方面;与此同时;
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| (Music) |
(音乐) |
| That's the original. |
这是原版. |
| (Music) |
(音乐) |
| Before Jurassic Park, there was no science for how skin hung off of muscle , right? |
在 侏罗纪公园 之前, 没有一门科学是研究皮肤是怎样悬挂在肌肉上的,对吧? |
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Jurassic:adj.侏罗系的;侏罗纪的;n.侏罗纪; muscle:n.肌肉;力量;v.加强;使劲搬动;使劲挤出;
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| So in the video world, we've been able to invent, in our lifetimes, natural behavior. |
所以在影像世界里, 我们可能在有生之年去创造一些自然行为. |
| And this is kind of another example of putting a science behind natural behavior. |
而这也算是另一个例子 在自然行为背后建立一门科学. |
| And then you heard the original. |
然后你将听到原版音乐. |
| Ultimately , I started with the experience. |
最终,我开始进行体验. |
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Ultimately:adv.最终;最后;归根结底;终究;
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| And the experience is: I want to be in the room and hear the musicians. |
这个体验就是:我想在这间屋子里,听到音乐家的演奏. |
| Lots of you can afford to buy one of these. |
你们中很多人能买得起这样一架 大钢琴. |
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afford:v.给予,提供;买得起;
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| But, if not, there is now high-definition surround-sound . |
但如果买不起,现在有高清晰度环绕立体声. |
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surround-sound:n.[主英国英语][常用作定语]环绕立体声;
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| And I got to tell you, if you haven't heard high-definition surround, go down to your audio dealer , your audiophile dealer. |
而且我要告诉你,如果你还没听过高清晰环绕立体声, 去找你们的音响经销商,爱好唱片的经销商. |
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dealer:n.交易商;贸易商;贩毒者;毒品贩子; audiophile:n.唱片爱好者;爱玩高级音响的人;
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| It's so involving compared to regular stereo. |
相比普通的立体声,会感觉非常沉醉. |
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involving:v.包含;需要;牵涉;牵连;影响;(使)参加;(involve的现在分词) compared:adj.比较的,对照的; v.相比; (compare的过去式和过去分词)
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| But if you don't have that, maybe you can listen on your headphones . |
但如果你没有那种立体声,也许你可以通过你的耳机听到. |
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headphones:n.[电讯]耳机;听筒;[电子]头戴式受话器;(headphone的复数)
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| And so on the same disk we have five recordings -- |
同一张唱片我们有五份录音 -- |
| Sony has five recordings. |
索尼有五份录音. |
| And you could listen in headphones with this thing called binaural recording. |
因此你可以从耳机里听到 通过这个叫双耳式录音的东西. |
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binaural:adj.有两耳的;两耳用的;双声道的;
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| And it's a dummy head that sits in front of the instrument, and it's got microphones where the ears are. |
这是一个头的模型,它坐在乐器前, 在耳朵的地方装有麦克风. |
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dummy:adj.虚拟的;假的;n.傀儡;哑巴;仿制品;
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| And when you put on headphones and you listen to this, you're inside of Glenn Gould's body. |
当你戴上耳机听它的时候, 你就好像进入了格伦·古尔德的身体. |
| And it is a chuckle until -- you know, the musicians, who are musicians who play the piano, listen to this, say, "I can't believe it! It's just what it's like to play the piano." |
这像是个笑话,但直到,你们知道,那些音乐家, 那些弹钢琴的音乐家们听到这个,他们说, 我简直不敢相信!就好像是在弹钢琴. |
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chuckle:v.咯咯笑;低声轻笑;n.轻笑声
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| Except now you're inside Glenn Gould's body playing the piano, and it feels like your fingers are making the decisions and moving through the whole process. |
只是现在你是在格伦·格伦古尔德的身体里弹钢琴, 而且感觉像是你的手指在做决定 在移动中完成整个过程. |
| It's a game-changer. |
这是一个游戏的改变者. |
| Here's now something we know in spectacular quality. |
这就是现在我们所知的达到惊人品质的东西. |
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spectacular:adj.壮观的;壮丽的;令人惊叹的;n.壮观的场面;精彩的表演;
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| The whole process is very sensitive to temperature and humidity . |
整个过程对温度和湿度是非常敏感的. |
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sensitive:adj.敏感的;感觉的;易受影响的;n.敏感的人;有灵异能力的人; humidity:n.[气象]湿度;湿气;
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| What you heard today was not perfect. |
今天你们所听到的还不是最完美的. |
| It's an amalgam of wood and cast iron and felt, and steel strings , and all these, and they're all amazingly sensitive to temperature and humidity. |
这是由木头,铸铁和毡制品制成的混合物, 还有钢丝以及所有这些, 而且他们都对温度和湿度出奇地敏感. |
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amalgam:n.[材]汞合金,[化工]汞齐;混合物; strings:一串,悬挂(string的第三人称单数和复数)
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| So when you go into the recording session , you get to stop after every piece and rebuild the piano if you need to. |
所以当你在录音期间, 如果有必要,你要在每首曲子之后停下来重建钢琴. |
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session:n.会议;(法庭的)开庭;(议会等的)开会;学期;讲习会;
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| There's the whole action there sitting, kind of, on the side, and the dummy head and our recording engineers standing around while we rebuild the piano. |
整个行动等在一边, 那个头部模型和我们的录音师们 站在一旁等我们重建钢琴. |
| Without putting dates next to these things, step-by-step , music will be turned into data, like every field that's occurred in the past 35 or 40 years. |
没有把日期标在这些东西上, 一步一步地,音乐就变成了数据, 就像在过去35到40年间每个领域所发生的事情一样. |
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step-by-step:adj.按部就班的; occurred:v.发生;出现;存在于;出现在;(occur的过去分词和过去式)
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| Audio has come very late to this game -- |
声音很晚才进入这个领域 -- |
| I'm not talking about digitizing , and bits, and re-mastering -- |
我不是说数字化, 字节,重新灌录之类 -- |
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digitizing:v.[计]数字化(digitize的ing形式);
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| I'm talking about turn it into the data that it was made from, which is how it was performed . |
我是说把它变成音乐来源的数据, 音乐也是这样被演奏的. |
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performed:v.表演;执行;履行;演出;工作,运转(好/不好)(perform的过去分词和过去式)
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| And audio came very late because our ears are so hard to fool -- they're high-resolution , and they're wired straight to our emotions , and you can't trick them very easily. |
声音很晚才被数据化是因为我们的耳朵太难被欺骗了-- 它们有很高的分辨力,直接与我们的情感相连, 所以你不能轻易地欺骗它们. |
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high-resolution:n.高分辨率; emotions:n.强烈的感情;激情;情感;(emotion的复数)
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| Your eyes are pretty happy with some color and movement, you know. |
眼睛倒是很乐于看到一些颜色和运动 |
| All right, there's this episode of Star Trek . |
好吧,比如有一集 星际旅行. |
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episode:n.一段经历;片段,插曲;一集; Trek:v.长途跋涉;远足,徒步旅行;n.长途跋涉(尤指在山区);
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| (Laughter) |
(笑声) |
| I get it -- it was all just laid in for me yesterday there. |
我明白了 -- 这些是昨天才为我摆在这里的. |
| The episode of Star Trek for me was James Daly played Methuselah -- remember this one? |
对我而言,这集 星际旅行 是由詹姆斯·达利扮演玛士撒拉 -- 记得这集么? |
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Methuselah:n.非常高寿的人;玛士撒拉;
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| And at some point he's dancing with his -- and I won't ruin the episode for you, from 1967. |
有一段是他跳舞,带着他的-- 我不会给你毁了这集,是1967年的. |
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ruin:n.废墟;毁坏;灭亡;v.毁灭;使破产;
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| Right, do you know where I'm going? |
是的,你们知道我接下来要说什么? |
| And Nimoy, I'm sorry, Spock sits down at the piano, and he starts playing this Brahms waltz , and they all dance to it. |
尼莫伊,不好意思,是斯波克坐在钢琴前, 他开始弹奏勃拉姆斯的华尔兹,他们都随音乐起舞. |
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waltz:v.跳华尔兹舞; adj.圆舞曲的; n.华尔兹舞;
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| And then Spock turns round, he goes, "James, I know all of the Brahms waltzes , and I don't believe this is one of them in the category ." |
然后斯波克转身说, 詹姆斯,我知道勃拉姆斯的所有华尔兹, 我不认为这首是其中之一. |
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waltzes:vi.跳华尔兹舞; vt.硬拖; adj.圆舞曲的; n.华尔兹舞; category:n.种类,分类;[数]范畴;
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| That's where I'm at. |
这正是我要说的. |
| I want to hear the waltzes Brahms didn't write. |
我想听勃拉姆斯没有写过的华尔兹. |
| I want to hear the pieces that Horowitz didn't play. |
我想听霍罗威茨没有演奏过的曲子. |
| But I believe we're on a path now when we get to data that we can distill styles and templates and formulas and all these kinds of things -- again, that you've seen happen in the computer graphics world. |
但我相信当我们有了数据,我们就有了出路 我们可以提取风格,模式,公式和所有这些东西 -- 再一次地,就像你在电脑图像世界里看到的. |
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distill:vt.提取;蒸馏;使滴下;vi.蒸馏;滴下;作为精华产生(等于distil); templates:n.模板;范本(template的复数);属性单元; formulas:n.[数]公式;配方;规则(formula的复数); graphics:n.[测]制图学;制图法;图表算法;
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| It's now coming in this world. |
现在它真地来到了这个世界上. |
| the transition will be this one. |
转变就是这一点. |
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transition:n.过渡;转变;变革;变迁;v.经历转变过程;过渡;
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| It says right now, we think music is notes and how they're played. |
就是说现在我们认为音乐是一堆音符以及如何演奏这些音符. |
| And I believe this is coming. |
我认为这即将成为事实. |
| Because what you've just heard was a computer playing data -- no Glenn Gould in the room. |
因为你们刚才听到的是一台电脑在演奏数据 -- 而不是格伦·古尔德在这个屋里. |
| But yet it was human. |
但它又是很人性的. |
| And I believe you'll get to the next step, the real dream of listeners. |
而且我相信你们会达到下一个目标,就是成为聆听者的梦想. |
| Every time you listen to a recording today, every time you take out your iPod and whatever, every time you listen to it, it's the same thing -- it's frozen. |
每次你听到一张今天的录音, 每次你掏出你的iPod或者无论什么, 每次你听它,总是一样的 -- 被定格了. |
| Wouldn't it be cool if every time you listened, it could be different? |
如果每次听的时候,都能听到不一样的效果,会不会很爽呢? |
| This morning you're sadder , you want to hear your song, the same song, played sadder than you did yesterday. |
比如今天早上你比较伤心,你仍然想听你的音乐, 同样的曲子,但比昨天弹奏得更伤感. |
|
sadder:adj.更难过的(sad的比较级);
|
| You want to hear it played by different musicians. |
你想听到不同音乐家对同一曲目的演奏. |
| You want to hear it in different rooms and whatever. |
你想在不同的房间里听或无论什么条件. |
| We've seen all these Star Treks , and they're all holodeck episodes as well. |
我们已经看过一系列 星际旅行, 这些全是在仿真空间中进行的. |
|
Treks:艰苦跋涉;徒步旅行(trek的第三人称单数); episodes:n.一段经历;片段,插曲;一集;(episode的复数)
|
| Every time I listen to that, I get goose bumps . |
每次我听到那个,我都起鸡皮疙瘩. |
|
goose bumps:鸡皮疙瘩;
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| It's so amazing, it's so exciting. |
这太令人惊异了,太令人兴奋了. |
| Every time I listen to that recording it's like, oh my God, |
每次我听那个录音,就像是,哦我的天啊, |
| I can't believe I'm in the same room. I can't believe this is happening. |
我简直不能相信我是在同一间房里,我不敢相信这确实能发生. |
| It's a way better experience than whatever you're used to listening to in whatever form. |
这是比以往好得多的体验 好于任何你通常听的,任何形式的东西. |
| And lastly, I will wrap up with one minute of Art Tatum. |
最后,我用一分钟的时间介绍亚瑟·泰特姆作为结束. |
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wrap:v.缠绕;隐藏;掩护;包起来;缠绕;穿外衣;n.外套;围巾;
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| So I've really overshot my budget here. |
我恐怕真得要超出我预计的演讲时间了. |
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overshot:adj.上颚突出的;上射式的;v.打过头;越过(overshoot的变形); budget:n.预算,预算费;v.安排,预定;把…编入预算;adj.廉价的;
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| We made a new recording of him playing in the Shrine Auditorium in September. |
我们为他做了一张新唱片 是九月份在Shrine音乐厅(洛杉矶)演奏的. |
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Shrine:n.圣地;神殿;神龛;圣祠;v.将…置于神龛内;把…奉为神圣; Auditorium:n.礼堂,会堂;观众席;
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| It was a concert he recorded in the Shrine Auditorium in 1949. |
这是1949年他在Shrine音乐厅录制的音乐会. |
| And I've got to tell you, we have this lab where we build and measure everything, back in Raleigh, North Carolina , and we flew out to Los Angeles. |
我必须告诉你,我们有这样一个实验室 在北卡罗来那州的罗利,我们可以建造和测验一切, 然后我们飞到洛杉矶. |
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Carolina:n.卡罗莱纳州(在美国东南部);
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| And as the president of the company, |
作为公司总裁, |
| I didn't feel real comfortable about where we were. |
我对我们曾经待的地方感觉并不特别舒服. |
| That's a real uncomfortable feeling when all the equipment's come out and a whole Sony team, and people are going to be sitting there in the audience. |
那是一种非常不舒服的感觉 当所有器械都被搬出来,整个索尼团队, 和大家要做到听众席里. |
| And we put the piano on the sweet spot of the stage in the Shrine -- which has not changed since 1949, still seats 6,000 people -- and on the sweet spot on the stage , Tatum starts playing ... |
我们把钢琴放到Shrine音乐厅舞台上和原来一样的位置 -- 这个音乐厅自1949年来就没有变过,一直能容纳六千人 -- 在那个位置上,泰特姆开始了他的演奏... |
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sweet spot:n.(球拍或球棒的)最佳击球点;最有效点;所有特点的完美组合; on the stage:在舞台上;现阶段;当演员;
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| and every note, every beat, every slur , every accent , every pedal was perfect, because he played it for that room on that day. |
每个音符,每个节拍,每个连音,每个重音,每次使用脚踏盘 都是完美的,因为他曾经就在同一时间同一地点演奏过. |
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slur:v.诽谤;诋毁;污辱;连奏;n.诋毁;诽谤;污辱;连唱线; accent:n.口音;重音;强调;特点;重音符号;v.强调;重读;带…口音讲话;
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| And we captured all that data all over again. |
我们捕捉了全部数据并得以再现. |
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captured:adj.捕获的;被俘的;v.捕获;占领;引起;(capture的过去式和过去分词)
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| And I want you to hear that right now. |
我想让你们现在听听. |
| And fortunately it's right in here -- this is an encore he used to do. |
幸运地是,它就在这里 -- 这是他曾经的返场曲目. |
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fortunately:adv.幸运地; encore:n.再演唱的要求;经要求而再唱;vt.要求再演或唱;int.再来一个;
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| It's one minute long. |
时长一分钟. |
| It's an Irish jig, and I want you to hear his humor . |
它是一种爱尔兰快步舞曲,我想让你听到他的幽默. |
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humor:n.幽默;心情;情绪;脾气;v.迎合;迁就;
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| (Music) |
(音乐) |
| (Applause) |
(掌声) |
| And that's just what the live audience did. |
这正是现场听众们的反应. |
| (Applause) |
(掌声) |
| So thank you very much, Michael, thank you for the opportunity. |
非常感谢,麦克,谢谢你提供的机会. |