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JohnDelaney_2010Z-_联系互动的海洋_
For a moment, what I need to do is project something on the screen of your imagination . 接下来我要做的是 让你们想象出这样一个画面
imagination:n.想象;想象力;创造力;想象的事物;
We're in 17th century Japan on the west coast , and a little, wizened monk is hurrying along, near midnight, to the crest of a small hill. 我们身处17世纪日本 的西海岸 一个矮小,枯瘦的和尚 正在半夜匆忙的赶路 要到一座小山的山顶去
west coast:n.美国西海岸(尤指加利福尼亚州); wizened:adj.干瘪的;枯萎的;消瘦的;v.枯萎(wizen的过去式和过去分词); monk:n.僧侣,修道士;和尚; crest:n.[物]波峰;冠;山顶;顶饰;vi.到达绝顶;形成浪峰;
He arrives on the small hill, dripping with water. 当他到达山上时 汗流浃背
dripping:adj.湿淋淋的; n.(烤肉时渗出的)油; v.滴下; (drip的现在分词)
He stands there, and he looks across at the island, Sado. 他矗立在那里 环视着佐渡岛
And he scans across the ocean, and he looks at the sky. 他四顾海面,仰望星空
Then he says to himself, very quietly, "[Turbulent the sea,] 悄声对自己说 “怒海涌银河
[Stretching across to Sado] 流来佐渡岛”
[The Milky Way]." （荒海や 佐渡によこたふ 天の河）
Milky:adj.乳白色的;牛奶的;乳状的;柔和的;混浊不清的;
Basho was a brilliant man. 松尾芭蕉（日本著名的俳句师）是个伟大的人
Basho:n.相扑场;
He said more with less than any human that I have ever read or talked to. 在我读到过或看到过的文字中 他能用最简练的语言 传达出最多的东西
Basho, in 17 syllables , juxtaposed a turbulent ocean driven by a storm now past, and captured the almost impossible beauty of our home galaxy with millions of stars, 芭蕉用17个音节 列举了 风暴刚止后的 汹涌大海 并最大限度地把握了 我们银河家园 的美丽之处 里面点缀了无数繁星
syllables:n.[语]音节;(syllable的复数) juxtaposed:v.并列(juxtapose的过去式); turbulent:adj.骚乱的,混乱的;狂暴的;吵闹的;激流的,湍流的; captured:adj.捕获的;被俘的;v.捕获;占领;引起;(capture的过去式和过去分词) galaxy:n.银河;[天]星系;银河系;一群显赫的人;
probably hundreds and hundreds of -- who knows how many -- planets, maybe even an ocean that we will probably call Sylvia in time. 还有成千上万的——谁知道有多少呢——行星 可能还有一片海洋 在当时被称为Sylvia
As he was nearing his death, his disciples and followers kept asking him, "What's the secret? 当时他即将不久于人世 他的弟子和追随者们 不停追问他: “您有什么秘诀吗？
nearing:v.(时间或空间上)接近,靠近,临近;(near的现在分词) disciples:n.门徒(disciple的复数);v.教育(disciple的第三人称单数形式);
How can you make haiku poems so beautiful so easily?" 您是怎样才能 不费吹灰之力就作出精妙绝伦的俳句的？”
haiku:n.俳句;三行俳句诗;
And toward the end, he said, "If you would know the pine tree, go to the pine tree." 临终前,他说 “欲知松 先问松”（松の事は松に習へ）
pine:n.松木;松树;vi.难过,悲伤
That was it. 仅此而已
(Laughter) （笑声）
Sylvia has said we must use every capacity we have in order to know the oceans. Sylvia曾说 我们应该倾己之力 来了解海洋
capacity:n.能力;容量;资格,地位;生产力;
If we would know the oceans, we must go to the oceans. 如果我们要了解海洋 就必须走向海洋
And what I'd like to talk to you today about, a little bit, is really transforming the relationship, or the interplay , between humans and oceans with a new capability that is not at all routine yet. 今天我想和你们说的内容有一部分是关于 真正转变 人类和海洋的关系 或者说是相互作用 这要靠一种还远未成熟的 技术设备来实现
transforming:v.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);使改观;(transform的现在分词) interplay:n.相互影响,相互作用;vi.相互影响,相互作用; capability:n.才能,能力;性能,容量; not at all:毫无;一点也不;不用谢;
I hope it will be. 我希望这能成真
There are a few key points. 这是一些要点
One of them is the oceans are central to the quality of life on earth. 其中一点是:海洋在 地球生物的生活质量中占中心地位
Another is that there are bold , new ways of studying oceans that we have not used well yet. 另一点则是:要研究海洋, 有一些我们还未能很好掌握的 开拓性的新方法
bold:adj.大胆的,英勇的;黑体的;厚颜无耻的;险峻的;
And the last is that these bold, new ways that we are exploring as a community will transform the way we look at our planet, our oceans, and eventually how we manage probably the entire planet, for what it's worth. 最后一点是:我们作为一个集体来 使用这些开拓性的新方法 探索海洋 将会改变我们看待我们的行星、我们的海洋的方式 最终,无论如何 还将影响我们管理整颗星球的方式
exploring:v.探索:考察:探查;(explore的现在分词) community:n.社区;[生态]群落;共同体;团体; eventually:adv.最后,终于;
So what scientists do when they begin is to start with the system. 科学家们首先 从这个系统开始
They define what the system is. 他们对它下了定义
define:v.定义;使明确;规定;
The system isn't Chesapeake Bay. 这个系统并不是切萨皮克湾
It's not the Kuril arc . It's not even the entire Pacific. 不是Caro Arc,甚至不是整个太平洋
arc:n.弧;弧形;弓形;v.作弧形运动;
It's the whole planet, the entire planet, continents and oceans together. 它是整颗行星 行星的全部,包括大洲和大洋
continents:n.[地理]大陆,大洲(continent复数);
That's the system. 那就是这个系统
And basically , our challenge is to optimize the benefits and mitigate the risks of living on a planet that's driven by only two processes , two sources of energy, one of which is solar, that drives the winds, the waves, the clouds, the storms and photosynthesis . 基本上,我们所面临的挑战 就在于优化收益 和减少住在一颗 只靠两种产能方式进行驱动的星球上的风险 这两种能量 一个是太阳 它带来了风力,潮汐 云、风暴和光合作用
basically:adv.主要地,基本上; optimize:vt.使最优化,使完善;vi.优化;持乐观态度; mitigate:vt.使缓和,使减轻;vi.减轻,缓和下来; processes:n.过程; v.处理(process的第三人称单数形式); sources:n.来源;出处;起源;根源;原因;v.(从…)获得(source的第三人称单数和复数) photosynthesis:n.光合作用;
The second one is internal energy. 另一种是内能
internal:n.内脏;本质;adj.内部的;里面的;体内的;(机构)内部的;
And these two war against one another almost continuously . 它们水火不容 相克不休
continuously:adv.连续不断地;
Mountain ranges, plate tectonics , moves the continents around, forms ore deposits . 山脉、大陆板块 移动了大洲,形成矿层
plate tectonics:n.板块运动;板块构造学;大地构造学; ore:n.矿;矿石;矿砂; deposits:n.[金融]存款; v.[地质]沉积(deposit的单三形式);
Volcanoes erupt . 火山喷发
Volcanoes:n.火山爆发,火山;火山群(volcano复数); erupt:vi.爆发;喷出;发疹;长牙;vt.爆发;喷出;
That's the planet that we live on. 我们就生活在这样一颗行星上
It's immensely complex . 面临极端复杂的环境
immensely:adv.极大地;无限地;广大地;庞大地; complex:adj.复杂的;合成的;n.复合体;综合设施;
Now I don't expect all of you to see all the details here, but what I want you to see is this is about 10 percent of the processes that operate within the oceans almost continuously, and have for the last 4 billion years. 现在,不用所有人都能看到这张图里所有的细节 我想让你们知道的是 这个过程大概有10% 是发生在海洋里 它们几乎不间断地 持续了40亿年
This is a system that's been around a very long time. 这个系统缘来已久
And these have all co-evolved. 它们在进化中协同作用
What do I mean by that? 这么说是什么意思呢
They interact with one another constantly . 它们彼此之间持续相互作用
interact:v.互相影响;互相作用;n.幕间剧;幕间休息; constantly:adv.不断地;时常地;
All of them interact with one another. 每一个对象都在和其他对象相互作用
So the complexity of this system that we're looking at, the one driven by the sun -- upper portion , mostly -- and the lower portion is partly driven by the input from heat below and by other p roces ses. 所以我们看着这个系统的复杂性 太阳推动的 比较大的那一份能量 以及较小的一部分能量 由地下的热能 和其他产能方式驱动
complexity:n.复杂性;难以理解的局势 upper:adj.上面的;内陆的;n.靴面;兴奋剂; portion:n.部分;(食物的)一份;分担的责任;v.把…分成若干份(或部分);
This is very, very important because this is the system, this is the crucible , out of which life on the planet came, and it's now time for us to understand it. 这点非常、非常重要 因为这颗星球上的生命就出自 这个系统,这个坩埚 现在是我们理解它的时候了
crucible:n.坩埚;严酷的考验;
We must understand it. 我们必须理解它
That's one of the themes that Sylvia reminds us about: understand this ocean of ours, this basic life support system, the dominant life support system on the planet. 这是Sylvia提醒我们的事情之一 理解我们的海洋 这个基本的生命支持系统 是这个星球上最重要的生命支持系统
reminds:v.提醒;使想起;(remind的第三人称单数) life support:adj.保障生命的,维持生命的; dominant:adj.显性的;占优势的;支配的,统治的;n.显性;
Look at this complexity here. 看看这幅复杂的图
This is only one variable . 这里只有一个变量
variable:n.变量;可变因素;可变情况;adj.多变的;易变的;变化无常的;可更改的;
If you can see the complexity, you can see how tiny, little eddies and large eddies and the motion -- this is just sea surface temperature, but it's immensely complicated . 如果你看得出它有多复杂 如果你能看到这些 小涡流 和大涡流,还有它们的运动 这仅仅是海洋的表面温度 但已经非常复杂
eddies:n.[流]旋涡;[流]涡流(eddy的复数);v.使起旋涡;起旋涡(eddy的三单形式); motion:n.动作;移动;手势;请求;意向;议案;v.运动;打手势; complicated:adj.复杂的;难懂的;v.使复杂化;(complicate的过去分词和过去式)
Now a layer in, the other two or three hundred processes that are all interacting , partly as a function of temperature, partly as a function of all the other factors , and you've got a really complicated system. 现在叠加上 另外两三百种进程 它们都在相互作用 一部分是温度起的作用,一部分是其他因素起的作用 你就知道这个系统有多复杂了
layer:n.层,层次; vt.把…分层堆放; vi.形成或分成层次; interacting:v.交流;沟通;合作;相互影响;(interact的现在分词) factors:n.因素(factor的复数); v.做代理商;
That's our challenge, is to understand, understand this system in new and phenomenal ways. 我们所面对的挑战就是要理解它 理解这个系统,以及它的非凡之处
phenomenal:adj.现象的;显著的;异常的;能知觉的;惊人的,非凡的;
And there's an urgency to this. 现在这点可是当务之急
urgency:n.紧急;催促;紧急的事;
Part of the urgency comes from the fact that, of order, a billion people on the planet currently are undernourished or starving. 紧急的原因之一是 这个星球上有十亿人 正在挨饥受饿
currently:adv.当前;一般地; undernourished:adj.营养不良的,营养不足的; v.供以不足的营养(undernourish的过去分词形式);
And part of the issue is for Cody -- who's here, 16 years old -- and I have permission to relay this number. 这个问题有一部分 是因为科迪—— 他就在这里—— 16岁—— 公开这个数字我是得到了许可的
issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行; relay:n.接力赛; v.转发(信息、消息等);
When he, 40 years from now, is the age of Nancy Brown, there are going to be another two and a half billion people on the planet. 过了40年后 当他和南希·布朗（摄影师）同龄时 这个星球上将会增加 另外25亿人
Nancy:adj.柔弱的;搞同性关系的;n.假娘儿们;
We can't solve all the problems by looking only at the oceans, but if we don't understand the fundamental life support system of this planet much more thoroughly than we do now, then the stresses that we will face, and that Cody will face, and even Nancy, who's going to live till she's 98, will have really problems coping . 通过海洋,我们不能 解决所有问题 但如果我们对 这个星球的基本生命支持系统 不能理解得更透彻的话 那我们将要面对的压力 科迪将会面对的压力 以及南希——她活到98岁时——面对的压力 就很棘手了
fundamental:n.基础; adj.十分重大的; thoroughly:adv.彻底地,完全地; coping:n.墙压顶;v.(成功地)对付,处理;(cope的现在分词)
All right, let's talk about another perspective on the importance of the oceans. 好了,让我们谈谈另一方面 海洋的重要性
perspective:n.观点;远景;透视图;adj.透视的;
Look at this diagram, which is showing warm waters in red, cool waters in blue, and on the continents, what you're seeing in bright green, is the growth of vegetation , and in olive green, the dieback of vegetation. 看看这张图样,上面 用红色表示暖水区 蓝色表示冷水区 在大陆上,你们看到亮绿色的地方 是生长的植物 深绿色的部分是枯萎的植物
vegetation:n.植被;植物,草木;呆板单调的生活; olive:n.橄榄;橄榄树;橄榄色;adj.橄榄的;橄榄色的; dieback:n.顶枯病;
And in the lower left hand corner there's a clock ticking away from 1982 to 1998 and then cycling again. 在左下角有一个时钟在走动 从1982年走到1998年 然后重头开始
What you'll see is that the rhythms of growth, of vegetation -- a subset of which is food on the continents -- is directly tied to the rhythms of the sea surface temperatures. 你能看到的是 植物——在陆地上是一个重要的 食物来源——的生长 和海面温度的节奏 是直接联系在一起的
rhythms:韵律; subset:n.[数]子集;子设备;小团体; directly:adv.直接地;立即;马上;正好地;坦率地;conj.一…就;
The oceans control, or at least significantly influence , correlate with, the growth patterns and the drought patterns and the rain patterns on the continents. 海洋控制了 至少可以说,显著影响着 关联着 大陆上植物生长的模式,旱季的模式 以及雨季的模式
significantly:adv.意味深长地;值得注目地; influence:n.影响;势力;感化;有影响的人或事;v.影响;改变; correlate:vi.关联;vt.使有相互关系;互相有关系;n.相关物;相关联的人;adj.关联的; drought:n.干旱;缺乏;
So people in Kansas , in a wheat field in Kansas , need to understand that the oceans are central to them as well. 因此,堪萨斯州麦田里的人们 也必须理解海洋 对他们来说至关重要
Kansas:n.堪萨斯州(美国州名);
Another complexity: this is the age of the oceans. 还有一点很复杂的是:海洋的年龄
I'm going to layer in on top of this the tectonic plates. 我要在上面放上一张 地壳板块的图
The age of the ocean, the tectonic plates, gives rise to a totally new phenomenon that we have heard about in this conference . 海洋的年龄和地壳 显示出一个全新的现象 是这次会议上 我们也听说过的
phenomenon:n.现象;杰出的人;非凡的人(或事物); conference:n.会议;研讨会;商讨会;体育协会(或联合会)
And I share with you some very high-definition video that we collected in real time . 我要和你们分享一段高质量影像 是我们实时搜集的
high-definition:高清晰度; real time:adj.实时的;接到指示立即执行的;
Seconds after this video was taken, people in Beijing, people in Sydney, people in Amsterdam , people in Washington D.C. were watching this. 这段视频一拍出来 住在北京的人 住在悉尼、阿姆斯特丹的人 还有住在华盛顿D.C.的人都能看到
Amsterdam:n.阿姆斯特丹(荷兰首都);阿姆斯特丹(美国纽约东部城市);
Now you've heard of hydrothermal vents , but the other discovery is that deep below the sea floor, there is vast reservoir of microbial activity, which we have only just discovered and we have almost no way to study. 你们都知道温泉 但有人发现 在海底深处 存在着含大量微生物的水池 这事情我们刚刚发现 而且根本无从下手进行研究
hydrothermal:adj.[地质]热液的;热水的; vents:n.[矿业]通风孔(vent的复数);排空(气)阀;通风管;管乐类; reservoir:n.水库;蓄水池; microbial:adj.微生物的;由细菌引起的;
Some people have estimated that the biomass tied up in these microbes living in the pours and the cracks of the sea floor and below rival the total amount of living biomass at the surface of the planet. 有人预计 那些生活在 海底的缝隙和坑洞里 的微生物 的生物量 相当于这个行星表面上 所有的生物量总和
estimated:adj.估计的;预计的;估算的; biomass:n.(单位面积或体积内的)[生态]生物量; microbes:n.细菌,[微]微生物;微生物类(microbe的复数形式); pours:v.倾倒;倒出;倾泻;喷发;(pour的第三人称单数) cracks:n.裂纹; v.破裂; (crack的第三人称单数和复数) rival:v.与…相匹敌;比得上;adj.竞争的;n.竞争对手;
It's an astonishing insight , and we have only found out about this recently . 这个见解相当惊人 是我们不久前才刚刚发现的
astonishing:adj.令人十分惊讶的;v.使十分惊讶;使吃惊;(astonish的现在分词) insight:n.洞察力;洞悉; recently:adv.最近;新近;
This is very, very exciting. 这非常、非常振奋人心
It may be the next rainforest , in terms of pharmaceuticals . 用制药学的说法来比喻的话 这就是下一个热带雨林
rainforest:n.(热带)雨林; pharmaceuticals:n.药物(pharmaceutical的复数);
We know little or nothing about it. 我们对其还知之甚少
Well, Marcel Proust has this wonderful saying that, "The real voyage of discovery consists not so much in seeking new territory , but possibly in having new sets of eyes," 马塞尔·普鲁斯特曾说过一句妙语 ”真正的发现之旅 不是发现新的世界 而是拥有新的视野”
voyage:v.航行;远行;(尤指)远航;n.航行;(尤指)航海; consists:v.由…构成;由…组成(consist的三单形式); seeking:v.寻找;寻求;谋求;争取;(向人)请求(seek的现在分词) territory:n.领土,领域;范围;地域;版图;
new ways of seeing things, a new mindset . 新的眼光 新的角度
mindset:n.心态;倾向;习惯;精神状态;
And many of you remember the early stages of oceanography , when we had to use what we had at our fingertips . 很多人应该还记得 海洋学发展初期的情况 我们所拥有的工具极其有限
oceanography:n.海洋学; fingertips:n.指尖;(fingertip的复数)
And it wasn't easy. It wasn't easy in those days. 那个时代非常艰难
Some of you remember this, I'm sure. 我知道这里有人还历历在目,我很确定
And now, we have an entire suite of tools that are really pretty powerful -- ships, satellites, moorings . 现在,我们有了一整套工具 它们非常好用—— 船只,人造卫星,系船具
suite:n.套房;一套家具;组曲(由三个或更多相关部分组成);套装软件; moorings:n.停系泊处;系泊设备(mooring的复数);
But they don't quite cut it. They don't quite give us what we need. 但它们的作用有限,并没有给我们很多我们想要的东西
And the program that I wanted to talk to you about just a little bit here, was funded , and it involves autonomous vehicles like the one running across the base of this image. 我这里提到的只不过是 已经投入资金研究的项目的冰山一角 包括无人驾驶交通工具 就像画面底部移动的这个
funded:adj.提供资金的;v.提供资金;积存;提供资金偿付的本息;(fund的过去式); involves:v.包含;需要;牵涉;牵连;影响;(使)参加,加入(involve的第三人称单数) autonomous:adj.自治的;自主的;自发的; vehicles:n.车辆;飞行器;运行工具;(vehicles是vehicle的复数)
Modeling: on the right hand side, there's a very complex computational model. 右边是模型构建 这是一个复杂的、计算机生成的模型
computational:adj.计算的;
On the left hand side, there's a new type of mooring, which I'll show you in just a second. 左边是一个新型的系船具 过一会我会展示给你们看
And on the basis of several points, the oceans are complex, and they're central to the life on earth. 基于 这几个要点 海洋非常复杂,它们是地球生命的中心
on the basis of:根据;基于…;
They are changing rapidly, but not predictably . 它们瞬息万变,又不可预测
predictably:adv.可预言地;
And the models that we need to predict the future do not have enough data to refine them. 我们用来进行预报的模型 还没有积累足够的数据来完善
refine:v.精炼;改进;改善;提纯;
The computational power is amazing. 计算机的力量 是惊人的
But without data, those models will never ever be predicted . 但没有数据,这些模型 也无法进行预测
predicted:v.预言;预告;预报;(predict的过去分词和过去式)
And that's what we really need. 这是我们真正需要的
For a variety of reasons they're dangerous, but we feel that OOI, this Ocean Observatory Initiative , which the National Science Foundation has begun to fund, has the potential to really transform things. 由于各种各样的原因,它们很危险 但我们认为OOI 海洋观测站计划（Ocean Observatory Initiative） 它是由美国国家科学基金会 主持开展的 它具有改变现状的可能
variety:n.多样;种类;杂耍;变化,多样化; Observatory:n.天文台;气象台;瞭望台; Initiative:n.倡议;主动性;积极性;主动权;adj.起始的; Foundation:n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立; potential:n.潜能;可能性;[电]电势;adj.潜在的;可能的;势的;
And the goal of the program is to launch an era of scientific discovery and understanding across and within the ocean basins , utilizing widely accessible , interactive telepresence . 这个项目的目标在于 打开一个 科学地探索、了解 海洋盆地和其中奥妙的新纪元 它充分利用 互动式远程监控技术
launch:v.发射(导弹,火箭等); n.发射; scientific:adj.科学的,系统的; basins:n.盆;[地理]盆地(basin的复数);脸盆;v.凹下成盆状(basin的三单形式); utilizing:v.利用(utilize的ing形式); accessible:adj.易接近的;可进入的;可理解的; interactive:adj.合作的;相互影响的;互相配合的;交互式的;n.交互式视频设备; telepresence:n.思科网真(一种通过结合高清晰度视频,音频和交互式组件,在网络上创建一种独特的"面对面"体验的新型技术);
It's a new world. 这是一个崭新的世界
We will be present throughout the volume of the ocean, at will, communicating in real time. 我们将能 任意呈现出海洋 及实时进行交流
throughout:adv.自始至终,到处;全部;prep.贯穿,遍及; volume:n.体积;容积;音量;响度;一册;合订本
And this is what the system involves, a number of sites in the southern hemisphere , shown in those circles. 这就是这个系统的内容 这些圆圈划出的是南半球 的观测点
sites:n.网站(site的复数);遗址,举办地点;v.使...位于(site的单三形式); hemisphere:n.半球;
And in the northern hemisphere there are four sites. 在北半球共有4个观测点
I won't talk a lot about most of them right here, but the one on the west coast, that's in the box, is called the regional scale nodes . 关于这个我今天不会说得很多 但是西海岸上被格子框起来的那个 叫做区域范围节点
regional:adj.地区的;局部的;整个地区的; scale:n.规模;比例;鳞;刻度;天平;数值范围;v.衡量;攀登;剥落;生水垢; nodes:n.茎节;(根或枝上的)瘤,节,结;节点;(node的复数)
It was once called Neptune . 它曾经被命名为海王星
Neptune:n.海王星;海神;
And let me show you what's behind it. 我来展示一下它里面有什么
Fiber : next-generation way of communicating. 光纤,新时代的传输方式
Fiber:n.纤维;光纤(等于fibre);
You can see the copper tips on these things. 你可以看到上面的铜接线端子
copper:n.铜;铜币;警察;adj.铜(制)的;(紫)铜色的;v.用铜板[铜皮]盖[包];
You can transmit power, but the bandwidth is in those tiny, little threads smaller than the hair on your head in diameter . 你可以输送能量 但这样的带宽就存在于 直径比头发丝还小的细线中
transmit:v.传送;发射;播送;传播;传染; bandwidth:n.[电子][物]带宽;[通信]频带宽度; threads:n.线; v.穿(针); (thread的第三人称单数和复数) diameter:n.直径;对径;放大率;放大倍数;
And this particular set here can transmit something of the order of three to five terabits per second. 这种特殊设计 让它能够在每秒钟内传输 30-50兆的数据
This is phenomenal bandwidth. 这样的带宽相当了不起
And this is what the planet looks like. 这是我们的星球
We are already laced up as if we're in a fiber optic corset , if you like. 我们已经被串在了一起 如果你愿意的话,可以说成我们都穿上了光纤织成的紧身衣
laced:adj.有带子的;(花)有彩色条纹的:v.由带子系紧:(lace的过去分词和过去式) optic:adj.光学的;视觉的;眼睛的;n.眼睛;镜片; corset:n.(妇女用的)束腹,紧身褡; vt.给…穿上束腹;
This is what it looks like. 这就是它的样子
And the cables go really continent to continent. 光缆连接在大洲之间
cables:n.缆绳;钢索;电缆;电报;v.发电报;(cable的第三人称单数和复数)
It's a very powerful system, and most of our communications consist of it. 这个系统非常强大 我们大多数联系方式都要依赖于它
So this is the system that I'm talking about, off the west coast. It's coincident with the tectonic plate, the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate. 这就是我说的系统 在西海岸之外,和板块构造的形状是一致的 就是胡安·德富卡板块
coincident:adj.一致的;符合的;同时发生的;
And it's going to deliver abundant power and unprecedented bandwidth across this entire volume -- in the overlying ocean, on the sea floor and below the sea floor. 它传输了巨大的能量 和空前的带宽 它跨越了整个海洋 的空间 海床上和海床之下
abundant:adj.丰富的;充裕的;盛产; unprecedented:adj.空前的;无前例的; overlying:n.上覆盖,叠加(overlie的现在分词);adj.上覆盖的;
Bandwidth and power and a wide variety of processes that will be operating. 带宽和能量 以及各种各样的进程 都可以执行
This is what one of those primary nodes looks like, and it's like a sub station with power and bandwidth that can spread out over an area the size of Seattle . 这是其中一个节点的样子 看上去就像是一个处理能量和带宽的变电站 传输的能量足够供给西雅图大小的地区
spread out:冒火;喷火; Seattle:n.西雅图(美国一港市);
And the kind of science that can be done will be determined by a variety of scientists who want to be involved and can bring the instrumentation to the table. 想要做这种科研的话 需要有许多各个领域的科学家参与研究 这种设备才能被运用于实践
determined:adj.决定了的:v.决定;(determine的过去分词和过去式) involved:adj.有关的; v.涉及; (involve的过去式和过去分词) instrumentation:n.使用仪器;乐器法;仪表化;
They will bring it and link it in. 他们将使它运行起来并连接到系统中
It'll be, in a sense , like having time on a telescope , except you'll have your own port. 这就像使用望远镜一样 不过你将拥有自己的观测点
in a sense:在某种意义上; telescope:n.望远镜;v.(使)叠套缩短;精简;
Climate change, ocean acidification , dissolved oxygen, carbon cycle , coastal upwelling , fishing dynamics -- the full spectrum of earth science and ocean science simultaneously in the same volume. 气候变化,海洋酸化 氧气溶解 碳循环,海域沿岸区涌升流 渔业动态—— 地球和海洋科学的 所有方面 运行于同一时空中
acidification:n.[化学]酸化;成酸性;使…发酸; dissolved:v.溶;使(固体)溶解;解除;终止;(dissolve的过去式和过去分词) carbon cycle:n.碳循环(指碳在自然环境中的形式变化过程); coastal:adj.沿海的;海岸的; upwelling:n.上涌; v.上涌(upwell的ing形式); dynamics:n.动力学,力学; spectrum:n.光谱;频谱;范围;余象; earth science:n.地学(包括地理学和地质学); simultaneously:adv.同时地;
So anyone coming along later simply accesses the database and can draw down the information they need about anything that has taken place. 任何后来加入的人 都可以很容易的进入数据库 取得自己需要的信息 只要是发生过的事都可以轻易了解
And this is just the first of these. 这只是第一步
In conjunction with our Canadian colleagues , we've set this up. 和加拿大的学者一起,我们设计出了这个
In conjunction with:连同,共同;与…协力; colleagues:n.同事;同行(colleague的复数);
Now I want to take you into the caldera . 现在,我要带你们去火山口
caldera:n.[地质]破火山口;火山喷口;
On the left hand side there is a large volcano called Axial Seamount . 左手边 有一个巨大的火山,名叫Axial海丘
Axial:adj.轴的;轴向的; Seamount:n.海底山;
And we're going to go down into the Axial Seamount using animation . 我们要进到Axial海丘里去 以动画的形式
animation:n.活泼,生气;激励;卡通片绘制;
Here's what this system is going to look like that we are funded to build at this point. 这个系统将会是这个样子 我们准备在这里投资建造
Very powerful. 非常强大
That's an elevator that's constantly moving up and down, but it can be controlled by the folks on land who are responsible for it. 这个电梯不断地上上下下 但它能从地面上控制 由地面上的工作人员进行控制
elevator:n.电梯;升降机;升降舵;起卸机; responsible:adj.负责的,可靠的;有责任的;
Or they can transfer control to someone in India or China who can take over for a while , because it's all going to be directly connected through the Internet. 他们也能将控制权转移给 身在印度或者中国的人 他们可以暂时进行控制 因为它是直接连接到 互联网上的
transfer:n.转移;调任;调离;[体]转会球员;v.调任;调走;转学;转移; take over:接管;继承;接收;接任;接替; for a while:adv.片刻;暂时;一会儿;一时;
There will be massive amounts of data flowing ashore , all available to anyone who has any interest in using it. 大量的数据流将会源源不绝地涌出 所有有兴趣的人都能使用它们
massive:adj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的; ashore:adv.在岸上;向岸;adj.在岸上的;在陆上的;
This is going to be much more powerful than having a single ship in a single location , then move to a new location. 这样将比一艘单独的船 从一个地方移动到 另一个地方 的方式强力多了
location:n.地方;地点;位置;定位
We're flying across the caldera floor. 我们掠过火山口的底部
There is a number of robotic systems. 这里有很多机械系统
robotic:adj.机器人的,像机器人的;自动的;n.机器人学;
There's cameras that can be turned on and off at your will, if those are your experiments. 有些摄像头你可以随意开关 如果这是你在做的实验的话
The kinds of systems that will be down there, the kinds of instruments that will be on the sea floor, consist of -- if you can read them there -- there's cameras, there's pressure sensors , fluorometers , there's seismometers . 它将会设置在那里的系统 将会安置在海床上的设备 组成部件有——如果你看得出—— 有摄像头,压力探测器 透视定位器,地震检波器
instruments:n.器械;仪器;器具;手段(instrument的复数) sensors:n.[自]传感器,感应器;感测器(sensor的复数); fluorometers:n.荧光计;氟量计; seismometers:n.地震仪;地震检波器;
It's a full spectrum of tools. 工具非常完备
Now, that mound right there actually looks like this. 而那边拱起来的地方 实际上看起来是这个样子的
mound:n.小丘;小山岗;一堆;许多;大量;
This is what it actually looks like. 这是它真实的样子
And this is the kind of activity that we can see with high-definition video, because the bandwidth of these cables is so huge that we could have five to 10 stereo HD systems running continuously and, again, directed through robotic techniques from land. 像这种活动 我们可以用高清视频看到 因为光缆的带宽 非常之大 可以支持5到10台 立体声高清系统 持续工作 这也是通过机械技术从陆地上进行操作的
stereo:n.立体声;立体声音响;adj.立体(声)的; techniques:n.技巧;技艺;工艺;技术;(technique的复数)
Very, very powerful. 非常、非常强大
And these are the things that we're funded to do today. 这些事是我们今天正在做的
So what can we actually do tomorrow? 那明天我们又要做些什么呢
We're about to ride the wave of technological opportunity. 我们要如何利用 技术化大潮提供的机会呢
technological:adj.技术[工程](上)的;因工艺技术高度发展而引起的;
There are emerging technologies throughout the field around oceanography, which we will incorporate into oceanography, and through that convergence , we will transform oceanography into something even more magical. 在海洋学周边的领域都 涌现出各种技术 我们将把它们融合到海洋学中 通过这种融合 我们可以使海洋学变得更奇妙
emerging:adj.新兴的;v.出现,浮现,露出;暴露;(emerge的现在分词) technologies:n.技术;科技(technology的复数); incorporate:vt.包含,吸收; vi.合并; adj.合并的; convergence:n.[数]收敛;会聚,集合;
Robotics systems are just incredible these days, absolutely incredible. 机械系统现在让人难以置信 真是难以置信
Robotics:n.机器人学; incredible:adj.难以置信的,惊人的; absolutely:adv.绝对地;完全地;
And we will be bringing robotics of all sorts into the ocean. 我们将要将机器人技术全面 引入海洋
Nanotechnology : this is a small generator . 纳米科技:这是一个小小的发电器
Nanotechnology:n.纳米技术; generator:n.发电机;发生器;电力公司;
It's smaller than a postage stamp , and it can generate power just by being attached to your shirt as you move. 比邮票还小 只要别在T恤上 别在T恤上
postage stamp:na.邮票; generate:v.产生;引起; attached:adj.依恋;v.重视;把…固定;(attach的过去分词和过去式)
Just as you move, it generates power. 随着你的移动,就能发电
generates:[计]生成;发生;
There are many kinds of things that can be used in the ocean, continuously. 海里有很多东西都能持续使用
Imaging : Many of you know a good deal more about this type of thing than I, but stereo imaging at four times the definition that we have in HD will be routine within five years. 摄像机:这里的很多人都比我更了解这种东西 但立体摄影的清晰度比目前的高清摄像 要高四倍 它们在五年里就会成为主流
Imaging:n.[物]成像;造像;v.反映;想像;作…的像;象征;(image的现在分词形式)
And this is the magic one. 这个东西则很神奇
As a result of the human genome process, we are in a situation where events that take place in the ocean -- like an erupting volcano, or something of that sort -- can actually be sampled. 通过这个人类基因组分析的结果 使我们能够将 发生在海里的事情—— 比如火山喷发之类的—— 确实采样下来
As a result:结果; genome:n.基因组;染色体组; take place:发生;举行; erupting:v.爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出;突然发生;爆发;(erupt的现在分词)
We pump the fluid through one of these systems, and we press the button, and it's analyzed for the genomic character. 我们用系统的一部分将液体抽上来 然后按下按键 它就能分析基因组特征
pump:n.抽水机;泵;打气筒;v.用泵输送;涌出;奔流;快速摇动; fluid:adj.流动的;流畅的;不固定的;n.流体;液体; analyzed:v.分析(analyze的过去式和过去分词);检讨; genomic:adj.基因组的;染色体的;
And that's transmitted back to land immediately. 并马上将结果传回陆地上
transmitted:v.传送;输送;发射;播送;传播;传染;(transmit的过去分词和过去式)
So in the volume of the ocean, we will know, not just the physics and the chemistry, but the base of the food chain will be transparent to us with data on a continuous basis. 所以在海洋这个总体 不只是物理学上或者化学上 甚至食物链的最基础情况 通过这些源源不绝的数据 对我们来说都能清晰化
food chain:n.食物链; transparent:adj.透明的;显然的;坦率的;易懂的;
Grid computing : the power of grid computers is going to be just amazing here. 网格计算:网格计算机的力量 在这里是惊人的
Grid:n.网格;格子,栅格;输电网; computing:n.计算;计算机技术;信息处理技术;v.计算;求出;(compute的现在分词)
We will soon be using grid computing to do pretty much everything, like adjust the data and everything that goes with the data. 我们很快就会将网格计算 运用在所有事情上,比如调整数据 和与数据有关的 任何事情
adjust:v.调整;调节;适应;习惯;
The power generation will come from the ocean itself. 供给的电能则来自于海洋自己
And the next generation fiber will be simply magic. 在下一个时代,光纤 将变得奇妙无比
It's far beyond what we currently have. 那将比我们目前所有的要强得多
So the presence of the power and the bandwidth in the environment will allow all of these new technologies to converge in a manner that is just unprecedented. 目前环境下的 能源和带宽 可以让所有的新技术 以一种前所未有的方式整合起来
in a manner:在某种意义上;在某种程度上;
So within five to seven years, 在5-7年内
I see us having a capacity to be completely present throughout the ocean and have all of that connected to the Internet, so we can reach many, many folks. 我可以预见我们 将有能力监控 整个海洋 并将所有内容都连接入互联网 我们可以联系很多、很多同伴
Delivering the power and the bandwidth into the ocean will dramatically accelerate adaptation . 传入海中的能量和带宽 将会大幅度的上涨
dramatically:adv.戏剧地;引人注目地;adv.显著地,剧烈地; accelerate:v.加快;加速;n.接受速成教育的学生; adaptation:n.适应;改编;改编本,改写本;
Here's an example. 这里有个例子
When earthquakes take place, massive amounts of these new microbes we've never seen before come out of the sea floor. 发生地震时,不可计数的 我们从未见过的微生物 来到海面上
We have a way of addressing that, a new way of addressing that. 我们有个方法给它们定位 一个新的方法
We've determined from the earthquake activity that you're seeing here that the top of that volcano is erupting, so we deploy the troops. 就像你看到的,我们从地震活动 确定火山喷发的位置 然后派出部队
deploy:v.部署;利用;[军事]展开;(使)张开;
What are the troops? The troops are the autonomous vehicles, of course. 什么部队？当然是无人驾驶工具了
And they fly into the erupting volcano. 它们飞入喷发的火山
They sample the fluids coming out of the sea floor during an eruption , which have the microbes that have never been to the surface of the planet before. 对喷发时 海床渗出的液体进行采样 当时那些微生物还没到过 这个星球的表面
fluids:n.液体;流体;液;(fluid的复数) eruption:n.爆发,喷发;火山灰;出疹;
They eject it to the surface where it floats, and it is picked up by an autonomous airplane , and it's brought back to the laboratory within 24 hours of the eruption. 它们将微生物弹射到海面,漂浮在那里 然后被无人驾驶飞机 搜集起来 并在火山喷发的24小时内 就带回实验室
eject:vt.喷射;驱逐,逐出; airplane:n.飞机; laboratory:n.实验室,研究室;
This is doable . All the pieces are there. 这完全可行。所有的步骤很清晰
doable:adj.可做的;
A laboratory: many of you heard what happened on 9/7. 实验室:你们中有很多人应该听说过 9/7发生的事情
Some doctors in New York City removed the gallbladder of a woman in France. 一些纽约的医生从一个在法国的女人的 身体里上取出了胆囊
gallbladder:n.[解剖]胆囊;
We could do work on the sea floor that would be stunning , and it would be on live TV, if we have interesting things to show. 我们在海底的作业是让人瞠目结舌的 如果有什么趣事发生 它会出现在电视转播上
stunning:adj.惊人的; v.使昏迷; (stun的现在分词)
So we can bring an entirely new telepresence to the world, throughout the ocean. 通过海洋,我们将一个崭新的远程呈现 展示给了全世界
This -- I've shown you sea floor -- but so the goal here is real time interaction with the oceans from anywhere on earth. 这个——我之前给你们看过海底 但目标其实是要在实时和 地球上的任何一片海洋互动
interaction:n.[计]交互,相互作用;相互交流;干扰;
It's going to be amazing. 这将会很了不起
And as I go here, 我到这里来
I just want to show you what we can bring into classrooms, and indeed, what we can bring into your pocket. 是想展示我们能把什么内容带到课堂上来 事实上,我们也能将它放到你的口袋里
Many of you don't think of this yet, but the ocean will be in your pocket. 你们很多人还没有想到这些 但海洋将会被装进口袋
It won't be long. It won't be long. 这不会很久了,不会很久了
So let me leave you then with a few words from another poet, if you'll forgive me. 你们若不介意,让我留给你们 一些句子 来自另一个诗人
forgive:v.原谅;免除(债务,义务等);
In 1943, 1943年
T.S. Eliot wrote the "Four Quartets ." T·S·艾略特写了《四个四重奏》
Quartets:n.四重奏;四重唱;四件一套;
He won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1948. 他在1948年获得了 诺贝尔文学奖
Nobel Prize:n.诺贝尔奖; literature:n.文学;文献;文艺;著作;
In "Little Gidding" he says -- speaking I think for the human race , but certainly for the TED Conference and Sylvia -- "We shall not cease from exploration , and the end of all our exploring will be to arrive where we started and know the place for the first time, arrive through the unknown remembered gate where the last of earth left to discover is that which was the beginning. 在“小吉丁”一章,他说—— 我想起这段话是因为人类 当然也是为了TED的演说和Sylvia—— “我们将不停止探索 而我们一切探索的终点 将是到达我们出发的地方 将是到达我们出发的地方 当时间的终极犹待我们去发现的时候 穿过那未认识的,忆起的大门 就是过去曾经是我们的起点
human race:n.人类; cease:v.(正式)停止;结束;中断;平息;n.(正式)不停地;不间断地;连续地; exploration:n.探索;勘探;探险;[医]探查术;
At the source of the longest river the voice of a hidden waterfall not known because not looked for, but heard, half heard in the stillness beneath the waves of the sea." 在最漫长的大河的源头 有深藏的瀑布的飞湍声 这些你都不知道,因为你并没有去寻找 而只是听到,隐约听到 在大海两次潮汐之间的寂静里”
waterfall:n.瀑布;瀑布似的东西; stillness:n.静止;沉静; beneath:prep.在…之下;adv.在下方;
Thank you. 谢谢
(Applause) （掌声）