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JillHeinerth_2015Y-_神秘的水下洞穴世界_
I'm an underwater explorer , more specifically a cave diver . 我是一名水下勘探者。 更确切的说是一名水下洞穴潜水员。
underwater:adj.在水中的;水面下的;adv.在水下;n.水下; explorer:n.探险者;勘探者;考察者; specifically:adv.特别地;明确地; diver:n.潜水者;跳水的选手;潜鸟;
I wanted to be an astronaut when I was a little kid, but growing up in Canada as a young girl, that wasn't really available to me. 我小时候的梦想是成为一个宇航员, 但是作为一个生长在加拿大的小女孩,这个梦想是不大可能实现的。
But as it turns out, we know a lot more about space than we do about the underground waterways coursing through our planet, the very lifeblood of Mother Earth. 但目前的情况是,我们对于宇宙的了解 远远超过了我们对于地球上地下水的了解, 而这些水域和我们的星球相依相伴,是地球母亲的命脉。
waterways:n.水路;水道(waterway的复数);排水沟; lifeblood:n.生机的根源;生命必须的血液;命脉;命根子;
So I decided to do something that was even more remarkable . 所以我决定做一些更有意义的事情。
remarkable:adj.卓越的;非凡的;值得注意的;
Instead of exploring outer space, 相比探索太空,
exploring:v.探索:考察:探查;(explore的现在分词) outer:adj.外面的,外部的;远离中心的;n.环外命中;
I wanted to explore the wonders of inner space. 我更想要探索我们星球内部的奇迹。
inner:n.内部;射中接近靶心部分的一发;adj.里面的;向内的;内部的;接近中心的;
Now, a lot of people will tell you that cave diving is perhaps one of the most dangerous endeavors . 现在,许多人会告诉你 水下洞穴潜水可能是最危险的尝试之一。
diving:n.潜水;跳水;跳水运动;v.下潜;跳水;潜水;(dive的现在分词) endeavors:尽力;
I mean, imagine yourself here in this room, if you were suddenly plunged into blackness , with your only job to find the exit, sometimes swimming through these large spaces, and at other times crawling beneath the seats, following a thin guideline , just waiting for the life support to provide your very next breath. 想象一下你独自一人在这个空间, 如果一下子让你陷入黑暗, 你唯一要做的事情就是寻找出口, 有时要在这些巨大的空间里穿梭, 而有时却要在座位底下匍匐, 远古气象学家 等待着氧气瓶给你提供下一次呼吸。
plunged:投入;跳进;使陷入;使投入(plunge的过去式和过去分词); blackness:n.黑色;阴险; crawling:v.爬行;匍匐行进;(crawl的现在分词) beneath:prep.在…之下;adv.在下方; guideline:n.指导方针;参考; life support:adj.保障生命的,维持生命的;
Well, that's my workplace . 这就是我的工作环境。
workplace:n.工作场所;车间;
But what I want to teach you today is that our world is not one big solid rock. 但是今天我想告诉你们的是, 我们的世界不是一块巨大的实心岩。
It's a whole lot more like a sponge . 它更像是一块海绵。
sponge:v.抹掉;用海绵擦拭;讨得;n.海绵;海绵状物;
I can swim through a lot of the pores in our earth's sponge, but where I can't, other life-forms and other materials can make that journey without me. 我可以在地球海绵的许多细孔中穿梭, 但是在我触及不到的地方, 其他生物形态和物质可以在没有我的情况下完成这次旅行。
pores:n.[陶瓷]气孔;毛穴(pore的复数);v.注视;熟读;沉思(pore的第三人称单数); life-forms:n.生物; journey:n.旅行;行程;vi.旅行;
And my voice is the one that's going to teach you about the inside of Mother Earth. 我的声音将会告诉你们 关于我们地球母亲内部世界的情况。
There was no guidebook available to me when I decided to be the first person to cave dive inside Antarctic icebergs . 当我决定成为第一个南极冰川的 洞穴潜水员的时候,并没有什么参考资料可用。
guidebook:n.旅行指南;指导手册; Antarctic:adj.南极(地方)的;n.南极地区;网络释义:南极的;南极区;南极地带的; icebergs:na.冰山; (iceberg的复数)
In 2000, this was the largest moving object on the planet. 在2000年,这是这个星球上最大的移动物体。
It calved off the Ross Ice Shelf , and we went down there to explore ice edge ecology and search for life-forms beneath the ice. 它是由罗斯冰架崩裂而成, 我们为了探索冰缘生态而下潜, 并且在冰川底下寻找生命体。
Ice Shelf:n.冰架(与陆地相接的厚层浮动冰体);
We use a technology called rebreathers . 我们使用了一种叫做呼吸换气器的技术。
technology:n.技术;工艺;术语; rebreathers:n.换气器;氧气呼吸器;再生式氧气系统;(水下)呼吸器;
It's an awful lot like the same technology that is used for space walks. 这种科技与太空行走使用的供氧技术十分相似。
This technology enables us to go deeper than we could've imagined even 10 years ago. 这种技术使我们可以走的更远更深, 在十年前还是不可想象的。
enables:v.使得; (enable的第三人称单数)
We use exotic gases, and we can make missions even up to 20 hours long underwater. 我们运用特殊气体, 可以使我们在水下作业时间高达20小时。
exotic:adj.异国的;外来的;异国情调的; missions:n.任务; v.给…交代任务; (mission的复数)
I work with biologists . 我和生物学家们一起工作。
biologists:n.生物学家(biologist的复数);
It turns out that caves are repositories of amazing life-forms, species that we never knew existed before. 我们发现洞穴里储藏着神奇的生命体, 我们从来不知道它们的存在。
repositories:n.贮藏室;资源丰富地区;智囊人物(repository的复数); species:n.[生物]物种;种类;
Many of these life-forms live in unusual ways. 许多生物用奇特的方式生存着。
They have no pigment and no eyes in many cases, and these animals are also extremely long-lived . 它们中的许多没有颜色,也没有眼睛, 而且这些动物的寿命极长。
pigment:n.[物][生化]色素;颜料;vt.给…着色;vi.呈现颜色; extremely:adv.非常,极其;极端地; long-lived:adj.长命的;历时长久的;
In fact, animals swimming in these caves today are identical in the fossil record that predates the extinction of the dinosaurs. 实际上,现在在这些洞穴里游来游去的动物 都能在化石标本中找到, 它们甚至出现在恐龙灭绝之前。
identical:adj.同一的;完全相同的;n.完全相同的事物; fossil:n.化石;老人;老古董;adj.从地下发掘出来的;化石的;属于旧时代的;陈腐的; predates:v.(在日期上)早于,先于;(predate的第三人称单数) extinction:n.绝种;
So imagine that: these are like little swimming dinosaurs. 所以请你们想象一下:它们就像是会游泳的恐龙。
What can they teach us about evolution and survival ? 它们可以教会我们关于进化和生存论的什么呢？
evolution:n.演变;进化;发展;渐进; survival:n.幸存,残存;幸存者,残存物;
When we look at an animal like this remipede swimming in the jar, he has giant fangs with venom . 当我们看见这种在罐子里游动的桨足虫, 他有着巨大的毒牙。
giant:n.巨人;伟人;巨兽;adj.巨大的;特大的 fangs:n.[脊椎]尖牙; v.用尖牙咬; venom:n.毒液;恶意;vt.使有毒;放毒;
He can actually attack something 40 times his size and kill it. 他可以攻击比他大40倍的动物并致其死亡。
If he were the size of a cat, he'd be the most dangerous thing on our planet. 如果他和一只猫一样大, 就会是这个星球上最危险的东西了。
And these animals live in remarkably beautiful places, and in some cases, caves like this, that are very young, yet the animals are ancient. 再看看居住在这些鬼斧神工的地方的生物, 类似这样的洞穴都是新形成的, 但是在里面的动物都是十分古老的。
remarkably:adv.非常;极为;格外;出乎意料地
How did they get there? 它们是怎么到达那里的？
I also work with physicists , and they're interested oftentimes in global climate change. 我也和一些物理学家一起工作, 他们通常对于全球气候变化十分感兴趣。
physicists:n.物理学家;机械唯物论者(physicist的复数); oftentimes:adv.时常地; global:adj.全球的;总体的;球形的;
They can take rocks within the caves, and they can slice them and look at the layers within with rocks, much like the rings of a tree, and they can count back in history and learn about the climate on our planet at very different times. 他们可以采集洞穴里的石头, 把石头切割开,逐层研究, 就像在读树的年轮, 他们能够知道石头的历史 和地球气候变化的不同时期。
slice:n.片; v.切成片; (很容易地)切开; layers:n.层;表层;层次;阶层;v.把…分层堆放;(layer的第三人称单数和复数)
The red that you see in this photograph is actually dust from the Sahara Desert. 在这张照片里红色的部分 其实是撒哈拉大沙漠的沙。
So it's been picked up by wind, blown across the Atlantic Ocean. 它随风飘荡,横跨大西洋。
Atlantic:adj.大西洋的;巨人阿特拉斯的;n.大西洋;
It's rained down in this case on the island of Abaco in the Bahamas . 伴随着蒙蒙细雨落在了巴哈马的阿巴科岛。
Bahamas:n.巴哈马群岛(拉丁美洲国家);
It soaks in through the ground and deposits itself in the rocks within these caves. 它渗透进土地, 把自己封存在这些洞穴的岩石中。
soaks:vt.吸收,吸入; vi.浸泡; n.浸; deposits:n.[金融]存款; v.[地质]沉积(deposit的单三形式);
And when we look back in the layers of these rocks, we can find times when the climate was very, very dry on earth, and we can go back many hundreds of thousands of years. 当我们回头观察这些石层,我们会发现 地球气候极其干燥的时期, 可以追溯到几十万年前。
Paleoclimatologists are also interested in where the sea level stands were at other times on earth. 远古气象学家 对地球不同时期的海平面十分感兴趣。
sea level:海平面;
Here in Bermuda , my team and I embarked on the deepest manned dives ever conducted in the region , and we were looking for places where the sea level used to lap up against the shoreline , many hundreds of feet below current levels. 在百慕大,我和我的团队着手于 那些达到潜水艇下潜极限的区域, 我们在寻找那些 以前比现在低几百英尺的 与海岸线齐平的海平面。
Bermuda:n.百慕大群岛(北大西洋西部群岛); embarked:v.上船;装船;(embark的过去式和过去分词) dives:n.富豪; conducted:v.组织;安排;实施;执行;指挥;带领;引导;(conduct的过去分词和过去式) region:n.地区;范围;部位; shoreline:n.海岸线;海岸线地带;
I also get to work with paleontologists and archaeologists . 我也与古生物学家和考古学家一起工作。
paleontologists:n.古生物学家;古生物学者;(paleontologist的复数) archaeologists:n.[古]考古学家(archaeologist的复数);
In places like Mexico, in the Bahamas, and even in Cuba, we're looking at cultural remains and also human remains in caves, and they tell us a lot about some of the earliest inhabitants of these regions . 在像墨西哥,巴哈马,以及古巴这样的地方, 我们在寻找洞穴中遗留的文化和人类生存的痕迹, 它们告诉了我们很多 关于居住在这些区域的最早期居民的情况。
cultural:adj.与文化有关的;文化的;与艺术、文学、音乐等有关的; inhabitants:n.居民(inhabitant的复数); regions:n.地区;地域;行政区;左近;(region的复数)
But my very favorite project of all was over 15 years ago, when I was a part of the team that made the very first accurate , three-dimensional map of a subterranean surface. 但是我最喜欢的一个项目是在十五年前, 我作为团队的一个成员 绘制了第一张准确的3D下表层地图。
accurate:adj.精确的; three-dimensional:adj.三维的;立体的;真实的; subterranean:adj.地下的;秘密的;隐蔽的;n.地下工作者;
This device that I'm driving through the cave was actually creating a three-dimensional model as we drove it. 我用于水下洞穴勘探的这个设备 能够在我们勘探的过程中建立3D模型。
device:n.装置;策略;图案;
We also used ultra low frequency radio to broadcast back to the surface our exact position within the cave. 我们也用超低频声波 向地面发出信号,通过反馈得到我们地下的具体位置。
ultra:adj.极端的;过分的;n.极端主义者;过激论者;急进论者; frequency:n.频率;发生率;重复率;频繁; broadcast:v.广播; n.广播节目; adj.[无线]播音的;
So I swam under houses and businesses and bowling alleys and golf courses, and even under a Sonny's BBQ Restaurant, 我在民居,公司,保龄球道和高尔夫球场, 甚至Sonny烤肉店底下穿梭。
alleys:n.小巷,大巷(alley的复数);大街小巷;
Pretty remarkable, and what that taught me was that everything we do on the surface of our earth will be returned to us to drink. 挺不可思议的吧！这让我知道, 所有我们在地球表面做的事, 都会影响我们的生活用水。
Our water planet is not just rivers, lakes and oceans, but it's this vast network of groundwater that knits us all together. 我们的水资源不仅仅只有川河湖海, 地下水资源也将我们联系起来。
groundwater:n.地下水; knits:n.针织品;皱痕(knit的复数);v.[纺]编织;皱紧;接合(knit的第三人称单数);
It's a shared resource from which we all drink. 这是我们共享的饮用水源。
resource:n.资源;资料;才智;财力;v.向…提供资金(或设备);
And when we can understand our human connections with our groundwater and all of our water resources on this planet, then we'll be working on the problem that's probably the most important issue of this century. 如果我们能够了解人类与地下水, 以及这个星球上其他水资源的联系, 我们就会一起解决这个 可能是这个世纪最重要的问题。
resources:n.[计][环境]资源; v.向…提供资金(resource的第三人称单数); issue:n.重要议题;争论的问题;v.宣布;公布;发出;发行;
So I never got to be that astronaut that I always wanted to be, but this mapping device, designed by Dr. Bill Stone, will be. 我终究没有成为我想做的宇航员, 但是这个由比利.斯通博士设计的绘图机器能够做到。
It's actually morphed . 它是改良过的。
morphed:在屏幕上变换图像(morph的过去式和过去分词);
It's now a self-swimming autonomous robot, artificially intelligent , and its ultimate goal is to go to Jupiter's moon Europa and explore oceans beneath the frozen surface of that body. 现在是自动巡航的宇航机器人, 拥有人工智能, 它的终极目标是到达木星的卫星欧罗帕, 探索在冰冻地面下的海洋。
autonomous:adj.自治的;自主的;自发的; artificially:adv.人工地;人为地;不自然地; intelligent:adj.有才智的;悟性强的;聪明的;有智力的 ultimate:adj.最终的;极限的;根本的;n.终极;根本;基本原则; Europa:n.欧罗巴(腓尼基王阿革诺耳之女);[天]木卫二;
And that's pretty amazing. 这真的很神奇。
(Applause) （鼓掌）